Despite the presence of Lebanese and UN security forces, Hezbollah maintained significant influence over parts of the country, and the government made no. Independent oversight: The government allowed independent oversight of prison and detention conditions by local and international human rights organizations and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and such oversight took place. The authorities installed power generators in a number of prisons and renovated the entrance to Qobbeh prison.
By law, bail is available in all cases regardless of the charges, although the amounts required can be prohibitively high. Within the framework of the law, it is possible for a suspect to be detained at a police station for hours before being given the right to contact a lawyer. Pre-trial detention: In December 2015, the ISF reported that 3,853 of the 6,502 people in prison were in pre-trial detention.
The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights expressed concern about arbitrary pre-trial detention without access to legal representation and refused to support the construction of prisons until. The law prohibits such actions, but authorities have frequently interfered with the privacy of persons considered enemies of the government. The law provides for the interception of telephone calls with the prior authorization of the prime minister at the request of the minister of interior or minister of defence.
Respect for Civil Liberties, Including
April fool.” The attackers also accused the journalists working in Ash-Sharq al-Awsat of being non-Lebanese. Observers viewed the university's main campus in the area of Hadath as a stronghold for youth affiliated with the two influential Shia parties in the country. On June 16, Mohamad Fahes, a student affiliated with Hizballah, in the Lebanese University's School of Sciences, posted statements on his Facebook page calling on his fellow female students not to wear short skirts on campuses located in Hizballah areas, including the main campus. and southern branches; he threatened to force what he called "the naked student" to put on more clothes.
Security forces deployed in the area and tried to convince them to open the road. After the clashes, the authorities arrested many of the protesters who were involved in the violence and rioting. The UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) provided assistance to Palestinian refugees registered in Lebanon (while.
Government forces were usually unable to enforce the law in the south, largely controlled by Hezbollah. Syrian refugees registered with UNHCR must pay a renewal fee of 300,000 Lebanese pounds ($200) for each person aged 15 and over every 12 months if the person wants to stay in the country legally as a refugee. In addition to the fee, refugees had to provide legal housing documents and a notarized pledge not to work for the first half of the year.
According to a study conducted by the American University of Beirut in 2015, 65 percent of Palestinian refugees in the country lived in poverty, compared to 90 percent of PRS. This total did not include Syrian refugees who arrived in the country in 2015, as UNHCR Lebanon suspended new registration of Syrian refugees after January 2015 in accordance with government instructions. After Syrians and Palestinians, Iraqis were the third largest group of refugees in the country.
UNRWA has the sole mandate to provide health, education, social services and emergency aid to the 458,000 registered Palestinian refugees living in the country. The amount of land allocated to the 12 official Palestinian refugee camps in the country has changed only marginally since 1948, despite a fourfold increase in population. Palestinian refugees living in the country could not obtain citizenship and were not citizens of any other country.
About 1,000 to 1,500 of the approximately 100,000 Kurds living in the country were stateless, despite decades of family presence in the country.
Freedom to Participate in the Political Process
Stateless persons lacked official identity documents that would allow them to travel abroad and could face difficulties traveling internally, including detention for not carrying identity documents. Three parliamentarians representing minorities (one Syrian Orthodox Christian and two Alawites) were elected in the 2009 elections.
Corruption and Lack of Transparency in Government
Regardless of the number of its adherents, each government-recognized religion, except Coptic Christianity, Ismaili Islam and Judaism, was allocated at least one seat in parliament. Heads of municipalities disclose their financial assets in a sealed envelope to the Ministry of the Interior, and civil servants deposit their sealed envelopes with the Civil Service Council, but the information is also not available to the public. If a case is brought to the State Council for non-compliance, the State Council will take administrative sanctions from the judiciary consisting of the termination of the office holder's term of office.
Governmental Attitude Regarding International and
The complaints mechanism provides the ISF with the ability to notify those who submit complaints of its results. The LAF has a human rights unit that is involved in human rights training through the Department of Defense's Defense Institute for International Legal Studies and other organizations. The unit worked to ensure that the LAF operated in accordance with major international human rights conventions and coordinated human rights.
The LAF Human Rights Unit also worked with international NGOs to coordinate human rights training and policy and requested the creation of legal adviser positions to embed in LAF combat units and advise commanders on human rights and international law during operations. The unit is also responsible for coordinating the LAF's anti-trafficking efforts.
Discrimination, Societal Abuses, and Trafficking in Persons Women
An assessment by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 2010 estimated that there were high rates of domestic violence in the country. According to UNFPA, labor law does not explicitly prohibit sexual harassment in the workplace; it merely gives a male or female employee the right to resign without notice from his position in the event of an indecent offence. Of those who have had children since arriving in the country, 41 percent did not intend to have more children but did not use any form of contraception.
The law provides for equal pay for equal work for men and women, but there has been discrimination in the provision of benefits in the private sector. The Department of Women's Affairs at the Ministry of Social Affairs has undertaken some projects to address sexual or gender-based violence, such as providing counseling and shelter for victims and training ISF staff to combat violence in prisons. Authorities allowed Syrian refugee children to enroll in public schools; The Ministry of Education and Higher Education allowed more than 157,000 Syrian students to enroll in public schools in the 2015-16 academic year, with enrollment continuing at the end of the year.
The children reportedly joined local gangs involved in sectarian violence in the northern part of the country. According to a study conducted by the Heartland Alliance in 2014, the marriages were not official, but were usually approved by sheikhs in the refugee community, often encouraged with bribes. On March 27 and 29, the ISF busted a sex-trafficking ring that mainly exploited 45 Syrian women and girls in Beirut and arrested 16 perpetrators involved in the ring.
Displaced children: The Ministry of Education and Higher Education opened 200,000 places in the public school system for Syrian refugee children in the 2015-16 academic year. By the end of the year, there were about 100 Jews living in the country and six thousand registered Jewish voters who lived abroad but were entitled to vote in parliamentary elections. At the local elections in May, access for people with disabilities and the elderly was a significant problem.
In September 2015, the Court of Appeal granted a transgender man the right to correct his legal status in the civil registry after considering his Few who contracted the disease did so in the course of homosexual relations, which are also taboo.
Worker Rights
The law protects the right of workers to collective bargaining, but the goals must be agreed upon by at least 60 percent of the workers. In violation of the law, employment agencies and employers regularly withheld the passports of foreign workers, especially in the case of domestic workers, at times. The minimum age for employment is 14, and the law prescribes occupations that are permitted for minors, defined as children between the ages of 14 and 18.
The law requires minors to undergo a medical examination by a doctor approved by the Department of Public Health to ensure that they are physically fit for the type of work they are required to perform. The law prohibits the employment of minors for more than seven hours a day, or work between 7 p.m. The law guarantees equality among all citizens and prohibits discrimination based on race, sex, disability, language or social status.
The law does not specifically provide protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity, HIV status or other communicable diseases. While the government generally respected these provisions, in some areas they were not enforced, particularly in economic matters, and women were discriminated against in aspects of the law and traditional beliefs. The law requires persons with disabilities to hold at least 3 percent of all government and private sector positions, provided those persons meet qualifications for the position; however, there was no indication that the government was enforcing the law.
The law prescribes a standard 48-hour work week with a weekly rest period of not less than 36 consecutive hours. The law stipulates 48 hours of work as the maximum per week in most corporations except agricultural enterprises. The law includes specific occupational health and safety regulations and requires employers to take adequate precautions for.
Some private sector employers have not provided their employees with family and transportation allowances as required by law and have not registered them with the National Fund for Social Security (NSSF). Although the law requires recruitment agencies to be licensed by the Department of Labour, the government failed to adequately monitor their activities.
