What causes the outward displacement of the right border of relative cardiac dullness. In which pathology is systolic murmur heard at the heat top and diastolic murmur in the 2nd intercostal space to the right of the sternum. On palpation, displacement of the apex beat to the left, systolic "cat's purring" symptom in the 2nd interspace to the right of the sternum; on percussion displacement of the left border of the relative heart.
A 38-year-old patient complains of dizziness, loss of consciousness, pain in the precordial area, headache. In stroke, the left border of the relative cardiac dullness is displaced outward, the configuration of the aorta of the heart. On auscultation, the first sound is lowered over the top of the heart, the reduction of the second sound and the diastolic murmur in the second interspace to the right of the sternum, and the point of Botkin-Erb is heard.
A 42-year-old patient presents with complaints of pain behind the sternum radiating to the left scapula. A 62-year-old man has a persistent attack of retrosternal pain that cannot be relieved by nitroglycerin.
SYNDROMES OF CARDIOVASCULAR FAILURE INITIAL KNOWLEDGE CONTROL
Patient with a heart condition resulting in the inability to perform any physical activity without discomfort; Patient with a heart condition resulting in the inability to perform any physical activity without discomfort; Symptoms of shortness of breath may be present even at rest. Patient with a heart condition that leads to a slight limitation of physical activity; they are comfortable at rest; ordinary physical activity results in shortness of breath (or fatigue, palpitations, angina pectoris).
Patient with heart disease leading to marked limitation of physical activity; they are comfortable to rest; insignificant physical activity leads to dyspnea (or fatigue, palpitations, angina pain). A 57-year-old man complains of shortness of breath at rest, swelling on the shins, irregular heartbeat, pain in the left half of the chest with radiation to the left scapula. On physical examination: trophic ulcers and cyanotic induration on lower extremities, fine crackles over lower portions of lungs, heart sounds are diminished, soft systolic murmur at apex.
A 57-year-old man complains of shortness of breath during minimal activity, swelling of the lower legs, heaviness in the right hypochondrium. On physical examination: vesicular respiration over the lungs, heart sounds are decreased, mild systolic murmur at the apex.
SYNDROME OF INCREASED AIRINESS OF THE PULMONARY TISSUE;
Microscopic examination of the sputum reveals columns of ciliated epithelium, leukocytes, alveolar macrophages, eosinophils, Charcot-Leyden crystals and Kurshman spirals. What disease can be thought of. LUNG TISSUE CONSOLIDATION SYNDROME; LUNG SYNDROME IN THE LUNGS; PNEUMONIA: SYMTOMS AND SYNDROMES OF THE BASICS.
SYNDROME OF THE PULMONARY TISSUE CONSOLIDATION; SYNDROME OF THE CAVITY IN THE LUNGS; PNEUMONIA: SYMTOMS AND SYNDROMES OF THE BASE
Objectively: the vocal fremitus increases in the right subscapular region, from VII to IX intercostal space, dull percussion sound.
MAIN SYMPTOMS AND SYNDROMES IN DRY AND EFFUSIVE PLEURISY. RESPIRATORY FAILURE SYNDROME IN BRONCHO-PULMONARY
FINAL TEST OF KNOWLEDGE CHECK Task 1. The patient complains of cough, severe pain on the left side of the chest, dyspnea. On inspection, rapid, shallow breathing, mixed type of breathing, auxiliary muscles participate in the act of breathing, the left side of the chest is delayed in the act of breathing. Percussion: sound in a middle axillary line from the VIII rib, posterior axillary line from the VII rib, subscapular line from the IV rib, in the paravertebral line from the VI rib and below, passes into dullness.
Patient with peptic ulcer complains of feeling of gastric overflow, heartburn, belching, vomiting from food. Patient with peptic ulcer complains of sudden intense knee-like pain in the epigastrium.
MAIN SYMPTOMS AND SYNDROMES IN BILE DUCTS DISEASES: CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS, CHOLANGITIS, CHOLELITHIASIS
A 48-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of weakness, irritability, sleep disturbances.
MAIN CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SIGNS OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS AND LIVER CIRRHOSIS
The stage of the process *. according to the index of histological activity – IHA at the level of Knodell and alanine aminotransferases). Serological and gene diagnostics 2. A 38-year-old patient with complete jaundice, minor skin haemorrhages, general weakness and loss of appetite underwent a puncture biopsy of the liver. Lobule periphery has evidence of significant lymphocyte infiltration, there are also individual multinuclear hepatocytes.
MAIN SYMPTOMS AND SYNDROMES IN RENAL DISEASES – ACUTE AND CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, PYELONEPHRITIS
- How many days after acute bleeding does reticulocytosis occur?
- Color index immediately after bleeding is
- What diameter of erythrocytes is characteristic for iron deficiency
- What values of the color index is characteristic for iron deficiency
- Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by a blood smear
- What is the typical diameter of erythrocytes in B12-deficiency
- The number of platelets in aplastic anemia is less than
- The number of reticulocytes in aplastic anemia is less than
- The number of white blood cells in aplastic anemia is less than
Microscopy Epithelial cells: moderate amount Leukocytes: 4-6 in the field of view Erythrocytes: 100 in the field of view, unchanged. Epithelial cells: various, moderate amount Leukocytes: 80-100 in the field of vision Erythrocytes: 1-2 sweet in the field of vision Cylinders: hyaline granular leukocyte 1-2 in the field of vision. Microscopy Epithelial cells: many Leukocytes: 1-2 in the field of view Erythrocytes: 1-2 in the field of view Cylinders: single hyaline.
Microscopy Epithelial cells: small quantity Leukocytes: 3-5 in field of view Erythrocytes: 1-2 in field of view Cylinders: single hyaline. What color index values are characteristic of iron deficiency, characteristic of iron deficiency anemia. Physical examination: pale and dry skin, brittle nails, cracking of the skin of the hands and feet, edema of the legs and feet.
Heart sounds are muffled, systolic murmurs at all points of auscultation with maximum intensity at the apex of the heart. Physical examination: the general condition of the patient is satisfactory, the skin and visible mucous membranes are pale, the nails are brittle, the lymph nodes are not enlarged, vesicular respiration in the lungs. The border of the heart is moderately widened to the left, heart sounds are muffled.
During the examination, atrophy of the papillae of the tongue, icteric sclera, symmetrical paresthesias, gait disturbances, atrophic gastritis with achlorhydria, splenomegaly and macrocytosis were discovered. A 54-year-old woman complains of general weakness, numbness of the limbs, burning sensation in the tongue. Positive symptom of chips, lymph nodes are not enlarged, vesicular respiration in the lungs.
Physical examination: general condition is of moderate severity, skin and mucous membranes are yellow with a hint of lemon; lymph nodes are not enlarged, vesicular breathing in the lungs. The liver is not enlarged, the spleen is determined by 2 cm below the edge of the left costal arch.
HEMORRHAGIC SYNDROMES AND PATHOLOGY OF BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM. DISSEMINATION INTRAVASCULAR MICROSEDIMENTATION OF THE BLOOD
VII B. VIII
Patient A., 41 years old, complains of fever up to 37.5°C, hemorrhagic rash on the extremities, trunk, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. In the past - the periodic appearance of a rash, which remains after the disappearance of pigmentation. Patient D., 30 years old, complains of the periodic appearance of bruises on the skin after minor trauma.
Patient N., 28 years old, complains of the recurring appearance of bruises on the skin after nasal bleeding and bleeding, pain in joints. In the past history - recurrent appearance of the rash remaining after the disappearance of pigmentation. Patient R., 36 years old, complains of rash on the trunk, limbs, intermittent pain in various joints, diarrhea.
Patient K., 34 years old, complains of the periodic appearance of bruises on the skin, nosebleeds daily for 3 days, general weakness.
INTERPRETATION OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF CLINICAL BLOOD ANALYSIS IN PATHOLOGY OF BLOOD FORMATION. MAIN SYMPTOMS AND
Standards of additional examination of patients with acute leukemia Results of additional examinations of patients with acute leukemia. Patient N., 60 years old, was under the supervision of a dermatologist for several years due to constant itching. During the physical examination, the patient's condition is serious, icteric skin and sclera, enlarged cervical and inguinal lymph nodes, vesicular breathing in the lungs, muffled heart sounds.
On the left side of the neck and supraclavicular area three palpable lymph nodes with a diameter of 1.5,.
