Este capítulo desenvolveu-se com intuito de mostrar de forma geral todos os capítulos anteriores, embora ao longo do presente trabalho terem sido feitas conclusões específicas ao final de cada um deles.
O capítulo II da dissertação inicialmente forneceu contribuições didáticas voltadas para o campo da qualidade da energia e a tecnologia FACTS, apresentando os conceitos, os órgãos nacionais e internacionais responsáveis pela quantificação e qualificação dos distúrbios. Dedicou-se aqui um destaque especial para com as VTCD’s.
Posteriormente, uma vez identificadas as soluções cabíveis à compensação dinâmica de potência reativa, a pesquisa concentrou sua atenção para os equipamentos denominados de última geração. Neste particular o tema principal ficou focado para as modernas propostas associadas com o D-STATCOM.
Tendo em vista que o funcionamento do D-STATCOM está alicerçado na teoria vetorial, este assunto foi explorado ao longo do capítulo III, quando ao seu final,
e a estratégia de controle a ser implementada, destaca-se a descrição dos modos de operação do equipamento.
Com relação ao equipamento selecionado para as investigações (D-STATCOM), no capítulo IV procedeu-se a uma síntese didática compreendendo sua estrutura física, controle e características operacionais passíveis de obtenção através da implementação computacional na plataforma computacional SABER.
Muito embora se reconheça que a estrutura geral do equipamento já se fizesse implementada no simulador “SABER” (Adeon Cecílio Pinto), o capítulo seguinte da dissertação foi imbuído do propósito de adequar o modelo computacional aos fins aqui desejados, qual seja, a utilização do produto em redes de distribuição, junto ao consumidor final.
Finalmente, a partir da modelagem computacional disponibilizada, realizou-se um conjunto de estudos investigativos voltados para a análise de desempenho do D- STATCOM, quando da manifestação de distúrbios na tensão de suprimento, associados às VTCD’s.
Dentre os diversos casos estudados, os exemplos anexados a esta dissertação foram elucidativos do desempenho do conjunto rede/industria/equipamento compensador sob a ação de afundamentos, elevações e interrupções. Para tais casos procedeu-se a estudos avaliativos da operação sem e com a presença do D-STATCOM.
Os resultados evidenciaram o excedente desempenho do equipamento aqui enfocado, demonstrando que o mesmo constitui-se em uma moderna proposta para a solução dos problemas que mais preocupam os consumidores industriais sensíveis aos fenômenos aqui investigados.
Isto posto, fica latente que a implementação de compensadores de reativos nos moldes aqui pesquisados pode oferecer uma solução técnica altamente atrativa quando se correlaciona os custos de perda de produção com o do equipamento em questão, este é um dos pontos mais relevantes a ser considerado para uma avaliação final da adequabilidade do emprego de equipamentos estáticos de última geração.
Como sugestões para trabalhos futuros citam-se:
realizações de estudos relacionados para uma otimização do dimensionamento do D-STATCOM;
análise da melhor estratégia de chaveamento do VSI, objetivando a redução das ordens harmônicas;
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Arquivos “Saber” utilizados nas simulações (linguagem MAST)
Afundamento de Tensão (Voltage Sag)
####################################################################### ## ## ## D-STATCOM ## ## ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## ## Concessionária ## ## ## ####################################################################### conces.1 p1a p1b p1c = Scc=200, Vnom=26.4, f=60 ####################################################################### ## ##
## Impedância da Linha ##
## ##
####################################################################### r.1 p1a pw1a = rnom=0.1 r.2 p1b pw1b = rnom=0.1 r.3 p1c pw1c = rnom=0.1 l.1 pw1a pww1a = l=2.5e-3 l.2 pw1b pww1b = l=2.5e-3 l.3 pw1c pww1c = l=2.5e-3 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Transformador ## ## ## ####################################################################### trafody.t1 pww1a pww1b pww1c p11a p11b p11c 0 = r=0.01, x=5, sn=25k, vpr=26.4, vss=4.16 ####################################################################### ## ##
## Chave de Entrada da Carga Indutiva ##
## ##
####################################################################### chave3s.do_curto p11a p11b p11c p2a p2b p2c = ic="na", t1=1.0, t2=100 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Carga Indutiva ## ## 30MVAr ## ## ## ####################################################################### pjq_ind.1 p2a p2b p2c n = P=0.0001, Q=30k, V=4.16, f=60 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Carga Industrial ## ## ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## Indutiva ## ####################################################################### sfp_ind.1 p11a p11b p11c n = S=15k, fp=0.9, V=4.16, f=60 ####################################################################### ## Resistiva ## ####################################################################### r.1i p11a 0 = rnom=4 r.2i p11b 0 = rnom=4 r.3i p11c 0 = rnom=4 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Compensador ## ## ## #######################################################################
upfc_paralelo2_cap_famort.provisorio p11a p11b p11c g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 g6 ptri_st psa_st p m = vac_ref=1, vdc_ref=1, vbase_bt=3.3k, vbase_at=4.16k, vdc_base=10000,tliga=0.3, tmuda=0.3, sbase=35meg, rtrafo=0.5, xtrafo=8, sn=35k, vpr=4.16, vss=3.3
Elevação de Tensão (Voltage Swell) ####################################################################### ## ## ## D-STATCOM ## ## ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## ## Concessionária ## ## ## ####################################################################### conces.1 p1a p1b p1c = Scc=200, Vnom=26.4, f=60 ####################################################################### ## ##
## Impedância da Linha ##
## ##
####################################################################### r.1 p1a pw1a = rnom=0.1 r.2 p1b pw1b = rnom=0.1 r.3 p1c pw1c = rnom=0.1 l.1 pw1a pww1a = l=2.5e-3 l.2 pw1b pww1b = l=2.5e-3 l.3 pw1c pww1c = l=2.5e-3 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Transformador ## ## ## ####################################################################### trafody.t1 pww1a pww1b pww1c p11a p11b p11c 0 = r=0.01, x=5, sn=25k, vpr=26.4, vss=4.16 ####################################################################### ## ##
## Chave de Entrada da Carga Capacitiva ##
## ##
####################################################################### chave3s.da_carga p11a p11b p11c p2a p2b p2c = ic="na", t1=1.0, t2=10 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Carga Capacitiva ## ## 30MVAr ## ## ## ####################################################################### pjq_cap.1 p2a p2b p2c n = P=0.0001, Q=30k, V=4.16, f=60 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Carga Industrial ## ## ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## Capacitiva ## ####################################################################### sfp_cap.1 p11a p11b p11c n = S=15k, fp=0.8, V=4.16, f=60 ####################################################################### ## Indutiva ## ####################################################################### sfp_ind.1 p11a p11b p11c n = S=15k, fp=0.9, V=4.16, f=60 ####################################################################### ## Resistiva ## ####################################################################### r.1i p11a 0 = rnom=4 r.2i p11b 0 = rnom=4 r.3i p11c 0 = rnom=4 ####################################################################### ## ## ## Compensador ## ## ## #######################################################################
upfc_paralelo2_cap_famort.provisorio p11a p11b p11c g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 g6 ptri_st psa_st p m = vac_ref=1, vdc_ref=1, vbase_bt=3.3k, vbase_at=4.16k, vdc_base=10000, tliga=0.3, tmuda=0.3, sbase=35meg, rtrafo=0.5, xtrafo=8, sn=35k, vpr=4.16, vss=3.3
Interrupção ################################################################################ ## ## ## INTERRUPÇÃO ## ## TEMPO DE 250ms ## ## ## ################################################################################ ################################################################################ ## ## ## Concessionária ## ## ## ################################################################################ conces.1 p1a p1b p1c = Scc=200, Vnom=26.4, f=60 ################################################################################ ## ##
## Impedância da Linha ##
## ##
################################################################################ r.1 p1a pw1a = rnom=0.1 r.2 p1b pw1b = rnom=0.1 r.3 p1c pw1c = rnom=0.1 l.1 pw1a pww1a = l=2.5e-3 l.2 pw1b pww1b = l=2.5e-3 l.3 pw1c pww1c = l=2.5e-3 chave3s.da_inter pww1a pww1b pww1c p2qa p2qb p2qc = ic="nf", t1=1.0, t2=1.25 ################################################################################ ## ##
## Transformador ##
## ##
################################################################################ trafody.t1 p2qa p2qb p2qc p11a p11b p11c 0 = r=0.01, x=5, sn=25k, vpr=26.4, vss=4.16 ################################################################################ ## ## ## Carga Industrial ## ## ## ################################################################################ ################################################################################ ## Indutiva ## ################################################################################ sfp_ind.1 p11a p11b p11c n = S=5k, fp=0.9, V=4.16, f=60 ################################################################################ ## Resistiva ## ################################################################################ r.1i p11a 0 = rnom=4 r.2i p11b 0 = rnom=4 r.3i p11c 0 = rnom=4 ################################################################################ ## ## ## Compensador ## ## ## ################################################################################
upfc_paralelo2_cap_famort.provisorio p11a p11b p11c g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 g6 ptri_st psa_st p m = vac_ref=1, vdc_ref=1, vbase_bt=3.3k, vbase_at=4.16k, vdc_base=10000, tliga=0.3, tmuda=0.3, sbase=35meg, rtrafo=0.5, xtrafo=8, sn=35k, vpr=4.16, vss=3.3