De acordo com os resultados obtidos nos modelos experimentais utilizados e levando em conta aquilo que foi discutido até o presente pode-se concluir que:
A hecogenina ofereceu gastroproteção nos modelos experimentais de lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol, lesões gástricas induzidas por indometacina e lesão por estresse hipotérmico. O mecanismo gastroprotetor da hecogenina, na lesão gástrica por etanol, envolve a participação de prostaglandinas, óxido nítrico e canais de potássio sensíveis ao ATP.
A ação gastroprotetora da hecogenina envolve ainda uma ação antioxidante, comprovada pelo restabelecimento dos níveis gástricos dos grupos sulfidrílicos-não- protéicos (NP-SH/GSH) e dos níveis de MPO e de nitrato/nitrito, assim como foi capaz de impedir a formação de espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). A hecogenina não apresentou efeito sobre a secreção ácida e acidez total gástrica.
A hecogenina apresenta atividade antiulcerogênica nos modelos de lesão gástrica induzida por etanol, etanol acidificado e por indometacina, comprovada pela análise microscópica.
A hecogenina demonstrou atividade Anti-Helicobacter pylori em modelo experimental in vitro
A hecogenina acelerou a resolução da úlcera induzida pelo ácido acético na mucosa gástrica de ratos, evidenciada por análise microscópica da mucosa gástrica e diminuição da expressão das citocinas inflamatórias como TNF- e IL1- e aumento da expressão da COX-2.
10. CONCLUSÃO
O presente trabalho mostrou pela primeira vez os efeitos gastroproterores da hecogenina em modelos animais de úlcera gástrica aguda e crônica. Demonstramos também a maneira imediata que a hecogenina é eficaz contra o H. pylori microrganismo associado com doença do trato gastrointestinal humano, avaliados em ensaios in vitro. Por fim nossos resultados indicaram que os efeitos gastroprotetor da hecogenina são provavelmente relacionados com efeitos anti-inflamatóriose antioxidantes evidenciado pela redução da expresssão de citocinas inflamatórias, liberação de mieloperoxidase (biomarcador de inflamação), diminuição da peroxidação lipídica e níveis de nitrito. Por fim mostramos também que pelo menos em parte prostaglândinas e canais potássio participam do efeito gastroprotetor da hecogenina.
Figura esquemática dos possíves mecanismo de ação envolvidos com atividade gastroproterora da hecogenina
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