OBSERVAÇÕES FINAIS E PERSPECTIVAS
6.1 Observações Finais
As condições de energia desempenham um papel fundamental na definição de vínculos físicos para as teorias relativísticas. Em geral, o grau de compatibilidade de fluidos fontes com causalidade e estrutura geodésica é determinada pela consistência de condições energéticas. Considerar teorias de gravidade modificada, significa, em certo sentido, introduzir componentes adicionais (por exemplo, teorias f (R) de gravidade) e campos escalares (por exemplo, gravidade de Brans-Dicke) que podem alterar o signifi- cado das condições de energia.
Nesta tese, demonstramos que as condições de energia, em particular a SEC, de- 52
sempenham um papel importante na seleção de gravidade atrativa/repulsiva no âmbito das teorias f (R) de gravidade. Para uma determinada classe dessas teorias f (R) de gra- vidade, nós mostramos que a equação Raychaudhuri e a SEC podem ser combinadas com parâmetros cosmográficos e, então, confrontados com as observações. De um ponto de vista metodológico, os resultados indicam que tal Abordagem Cosmológica das Condições de Energia pode ser extremamente útil para fixar modelos viáveis. Aqui nós levamos em conta apenas teorias f (R) de gravidade de leis de potência. Nós mostramos que as observações, combinadas com a SEC, estabelecem o alcance das potências viáveis para selecionar modelos atrativos/ repulsivos ou, de acordo com o paradigma energia escura, modelos acelerados/desacelerados.
6.2
Perspectivas
O método aqui apresentado parece promissor tendo em vista as novas aplicações para modelos físicos mais realistas. Como perspectiva imediata de futuro desenvolvi- mento, nós pretendemos usar a equação de Raychaudhuri, as condições de energia de Hawking e Eliis, juntamente com as determinações mais precisas dos parâmetros cosmo- gráficos para impor limites aos parâmetros livres das teorias f(R) de gravidade na formu- lação de Palatini.
O método também pode ser facilmente estendido para outras teorias modificadas de gravidade, tais como teorias f(R) na formulação híbrida métrico-Palatini e teorias com acoplamento não-mínimo.
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