Outros constituintes químicos da T. erecta

Os compostos fenólicos encontrados nas flores, possuem diferentes estruturas químicas, principalmente os ácidos fenólicos, flavonóis e antocianinas que exercem efeitos protetores contra danos induzidos por radicais livres. Porém, há muitas controvérsias sobre se os polifenóis ainda mantêm suas características antioxidantes in vivo, após a ingestão, sendo realmente eficazes na sua ação antioxidante, sendo necessárias mais pesquisas. Além dos compostos fenólicos, os carotenoides, isotiocianatos e ciclotídeos podem exercer outros efeitos farmacológicos (NAVARRO-GONZÁLEZ et al., 2014).

Moliner et al. (2018), isolaram e identificaram compostos de um extrato etanólico de T. erecta através de UV-Vis e espectros de massa. Os autores identificaram, em relação ao grupo dos flavonoides, os compostos laricitrina-hexosídeo, miricetina-hexosídeo e laricitrina, sendo que a laricitrina foi a aglicona mais representativa.

Além disso, Navarro-González et al. (2014) identificaram os seguintes compostos nas flores de T. erecta:

galotaninos, laricitrina-di-hexosideo, cianidina-di-hexosideo, delphinidina-3-O-hexosideo, mirecetina-hexosideo, laricitrina-hexosideo, ácido elágico, mirecetina, isorhamnetina-3-O-hexosideo, laricitrina.

Sabe-se que os flavonoides atuam no TGI, exercendo propriedades antiespasmódicas, antissecretórias, antidiarreicas, antiulcerosas e antioxidantes. Protegem a mucosa gástrica contra agentes ulcerogênicos por meio da eliminação de radicais livres e antioxidantes, aumento da produção de muco, ação antissecretora e inibição do crescimento de H. pylori. Sendo assim, são uma alternativa como adjuvante à terapia atual, exercendo efeitos mais eficazes e menos tóxicos para o tratamento de úlceras gástricas (AKHTAR; AHMAD; SUMBUL; ASIF, 2011).

A seguir serão apresentados os procedimentos metodológicos, resultados e discussão relacionados aos efeitos anti-úlcera do extrato, na forma de capítulos.

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