Enfrentamento à lesão medular traumática.

Enfrentamento à lesão medular traumática

1

Sheila Giardini Murta

Suely Sales Guimarães

Resumo

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre lesão medular traumática conforme a literatura atual, que aponta TXDWURJUXSRVGHYDULiYHLVLQÀXHQWHVQRHQIUHQWDPHQWRjOHVmRPHGXODUDYDULiYHLVUHIHUHQWHVjGH¿FLrQFLD FRPRJUDYLGDGHGDOHVmREYDULiYHLVLQHUHQWHVDRSUySULRRUJDQLVPRFRPRQtYHOGHLQVWUXomRHlocus de FRQWUROHLQWHUQRFDPELHQWHLPHGLDWRFRPRVHUYLoRVGHVD~GHHRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHWUDEDOKRH[LVWHQWHVH GFRQWH[WRFXOWXUDOFRPROHJLVODomRYLJHQWHHSUHFRQFHLWRVRFLDO$OLWHUDWXUDVXJHUHTXHDDGDSWDomREHP sucedida à lesão medular traumática está mais associada a recursos ambientais e variáveis psicossociais do TXHjVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDOHVmR$VYDULiYHLVLQÀXHQWHVQRHQIUHQWDPHQWRHRVIDWRUHVGHVXFHVVRQRSURFHVVR DGDSWDWLYRjOHVmRSHUPLWHPVXJHULUIRFRVSULRULWiULRVSDUDDUHDELOLWDomR

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Abstract

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foco de interesse de pesquisadores nas áreas de

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Os mecanismos de enfrentamento desenvolvidos pelas

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medular ocorrida em guerras morriam em poucas semanas

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aprimoramento das unidades de tratamento da lesão medular, o

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dessas variáveis psicossociais e de estilo de vida para o aumento

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Esta revisão aborda o processo de enfrentamento da pessoa à lesão medular traumática e as variáveis preditoras do

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MedlineLQFOXLQGRSXEOLFDo}HVHPUHYLVWDVFLHQWt¿FDVHQWUHRV DQRVGHH)RUDPLQFOXtGRVHVWXGRVTXHDWHQGLDPDRV FULWpULRVDSXEOLFDomRHPLQJOrVRXSRUWXJXrVEFRPIRFRHP DGDSWDomRHQIUHQWDPHQWRRXDMXVWDPHQWRFjOHVmRPHGXODU WUDXPiWLFDGHPDGXOWRV2VDUWLJRVIRUDPDQDOLVDGRVFRP YLVWDVjLGHQWL¿FDomRGHYDULiYHLVUHOHYDQWHVQRHQIUHQWDPHQWR jOHVmRPHGXODUWUDXPiWLFDHIRUDPFDWHJRUL]DGRVFRQIRUPHDV VHJXLQWHVFDWHJRULDVWHPiWLFDVIDWRUHVLQHUHQWHVjGH¿FLrQFLD IDWRUHVUHODWLYRVjSHVVRDDPELHQWHLPHGLDWRHFRQWH[WRFXOWXUDO DPSOR(VWDVFDWHJRULDVIRUDPEDVHDGDVQRVLVWHPDGHFDWHJRULDV SURSRVWRSRU9DVK2VHVWXGRVFODVVL¿FDGRVHPFDGDXPD GHVWDVFDWHJRULDVVHUmRDSUHVHQWDGRVHGLVFXWLGRVDVHJXLUDSyV EUHYHGH¿QLomRGRFRQFHLWRGHHQIUHQWDPHQWR

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relevantes

O modo pelo qual a pessoa com lesão medular enfrenta as

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sido amplamente empregado em psicologia, particularmente em

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diferentes e sob diferentes demandas, a depender dos recursos

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Fatores inerentes à lesão

Pessoas com lesão medular na região cervical da coluna

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estilo de enfrentamento de pessoas com lesão medular e de

pes-VRDV¿VLFDPHQWHQRUPDLVHPTXDWURRFDVL}HVGXUDQWHGRLVDQRV

Os resultados mostraram que o grupo portador de lesão medular

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Fatores relativos à pessoa

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comportamental do adulto, do que o adulto que sofre a lesão

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(VWXGRVTXHLQYHVWLJDPDUHODomRHQWUHlocus de controle

in-WHUQRH[WHUQRHHQIUHQWDPHQWRWrPUHODFLRQDGRlocus de controle

H[WHUQRFRPPDLRUHVWUHVVH,QGLYtGXRVSRUWDGRUHVGHOHVmRPH -dular traumática que se culpam pelo acidente causador da lesão

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Fatores relativos ao ambiente imediato

Os fatores relativos ao ambiente imediato compreendem

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considerado um forte preditor do enfrentamento bem sucedido

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em rede de apoio social são mais engajadas em atividades

ocu-SDFLRQDLV6WDPEURRNHWDOHGHOD]HU+XWFKLQVRQ/R\ .OHLEHU 'DWLOOR

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problemas, sob pena de sofrer desajustes devido ao alto grau de estresse vivido, especialmente no primeiro ano que se segue à

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pelo menos em parte, uma fonte de estresse para o portador de

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instrumental e emocional na fase aguda da lesão por parte do

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uma fonte adicional de fortalecimento da estima e

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à lesão, bem como mediadores, moderadores e facilitadores do

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entre as perdas motoras decorrentes da lesão e as barreiras

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das rampas foi maior para quatro participantes e levemente

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Os resultados dos estudos aqui revisados sugerem que o en-frentamento bem sucedido à lesão medular traumática está mais associado a variáveis ambientais e psicossociais do que variáveis

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e locus de controle interno revelaram-se importantes preditoras

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adversas resultantes da lesão medular deveria ser o foco central

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Referências

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Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,77

%R]]DFR9/RQJWHUPSV\FKRVRFLDOHIIHFWVRIVSLQDOFRUGLQMXU\ Reha-bilitation Nursing,18

&DSODQ% 5HLG\.6WDIISDWLHQWIDPLO\FRQÀLFWVLQUHKDELOLWDWLRQ VRXUFHVDQGVROXWLRQVTopics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 2

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Spinal Cord,38

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