5REXVWRYD 7* )HGRURY ,9 >0HWKRG RI LPPH GLDWH LPSODQWDWLRQ RI WKH UHPRYDO RI WHHWK@ 3UREOHP\ VWRPDWRORJLLLQH\URVWRPDWRORJLL5XVVLDQ
%HFNHU:,PPHGLDWHLPSODQWSODFHPHQWGLDJQR VLVWUHDWPHQWSODQQLQJDQGWUHDWPHQWVWHSVRUVXFFHVVIXO RXWFRPHV-&DOLI'HQW$VVRF
1LFRODV &DSODQDV -DLPH / /R]DGD -RVHSK <. .DQ ([WUDFWLRQ 'HIHFW $VVHVPHQW &ODVVLILFDWLRQ DQG 0DQDJHPHQW ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RUQDO RI &OLQLFDO ,PSODQW 'HQWLVWU\
%HDWUL]7DUD]RQD3DEOR7DUD]RQD$OYDUH]'D YLG3DQDUURFKD2OWUDDQG0DULD3HQDUURFKD'LDJR5H
ODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQLQGLFDWLRQIRUWRRWKH[WUDFWLRQDQGRXW FRPHRILPPHGLDWHLPSODQWV$UHWURVSHFWLYHVWXG\ZLWK \HDUVRIIROORZXS-&OLQ([S'HQW
5RVHQTXLVW % *UHQWKH % ,PPHGLDWH SODFHPHQW RILPSODQWVLQWRH[WUDFWLRQVRFNHWVLPSODQWVXUYLYDO,QW-2UDO0D[LOORIDF,PSODQW
3R]]L $ 7DOODULFR 0 0R\ 3. ,PPHGLDWH ORDGLQJZLWK D QRYHO LPSODQW IHDWXUHGE\ YDULDEOHWKUHD GHG JHRPHWU\ LQWHUQDO FRQLFDO FRQQHFWLRQ DQG SODWIRUP VKLIWLQJ WKUHH\HDU UHVXOWV IURP D SURVSHFWLYH FRKRUW VWXGX(XU-2UDO,PSODQWRO
ɋɬɚɬɬɹɧɚɞɿɣɲɥɚɞɨɪɟɞɚɤɰɿʀ
ɍȾɄ
ɂ.ɋ. Ɇɚɳɟɧɤɨ, ȼ.ɂ. ɋɬɪɭɤ*, ɇ.ȼ. ȼɚɬɚɦɚɧɸɤ*
Ɇ
Ɇ
ɂ
ɂ
Ʉ
Ʉ
Ɋ
Ɋ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ȼ
Ȼ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ʌ
Ʌ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ɂ
ɂ
ɑ
ɑ
ȿ
ȿ
ɋ
ɋ
Ʉ
Ʉ
ɂ
ɂ
ȿ
ȿ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɇ
Ɇ
Ɇ
Ɇ
ɍ
ɍ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ʌ
Ʌ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ɂ
ɂ
ɑ
ɑ
ȿ
ȿ
ɋ
ɋ
Ʉ
Ʉ
ɂ
ɂ
ȿ
ȿ
Ʉ
Ʉ
Ɋ
Ɋ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ȿ
ȿ
Ɋ
Ɋ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
Ⱦ
Ⱦ
ɂ
ɂ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ɋ
ɋ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ɂ
ɂ
Ʉ
Ʉ
ɂ
ɂ
ɇ
ɇ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
ɑ
ɑ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ʌ
Ʌ
ɖ
ɖ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƀ
Ƀ
ɋ
ɋ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ȿ
ȿ
ɉ
ɉ
ȿ
ȿ
ɇ
ɇ
ɂ
ɂ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ȿ
ȿ
ɇ
ɇ
ȿ
ȿ
Ɋ
Ɋ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ʌ
Ʌ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɂ
Ɂ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ȼ
ȼ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
ɇ
ɇ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƚ
Ƚ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ɉ
ɉ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ɋ
Ɋ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ⱦ
Ⱦ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɍ
Ɍ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
ɇ
ɇ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
ɋ
ɋ
Ɍ
Ɍ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ⱦ
Ⱦ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
ɂ
Ⱦ
Ⱦ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ɋ
Ɋ
ȿ
ȿ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɍ
Ɍ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ȿ
ȿ
ɇ
ɇ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ʌ
Ʌ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƚ
Ƚ
ɂ
ɂ
ɑ
ɑ
ȿ
ȿ
ɋ
ɋ
Ʉ
Ʉ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ƚ
Ƚ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ɉ
ɉ
Ɋ
Ɋ
Ɉ
Ɉ
ə
ə
ȼ
ȼ
Ʌ
Ʌ
ȿ
ȿ
ɇ
ɇ
ɂ
ɂ
ə
ə
Ƚɍ «ȾɧɟɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɤɚɹɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɚɹɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɹɆɁɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ»
ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɬɨɦɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ, ɢɦɩɥɚɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɢɢɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ (ɡɚɜ. – ɤ. ɦɟɞ. ɧ. ɇ.Ƚ. ɂɞɚɲɤɢɧɚ)
ɭɥ. Ⱦɡɟɪɠɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ, 9, Ⱦɧɟɩɪ, 49044, ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ
Ƚɍ «Ȼɭɤɨɜɢɧɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɣɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ» *
ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚɨɪɬɨɩɟɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɬɨɦɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ
(ɡɚɜ. – ɤ. ɦɟɞ. ɧ. ɇ.Ȼ. Ʉɭɡɧɹɤ)
Ɍɟɚɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɥ., 2, ɑɟɪɧɨɜɰɵ, 58002, ɍɤɪɚɢɧɚ
SE «Dnipropetrovsk medical academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine» Oral surgery, implantology and periodontology department
Dzerzhinsky str., 9, Dnipro, 49044, Ukraine e-mail: [email protected]
SE «Bukovinian state medical university» * Department of prosthetic dentistry
Theatralna sq., 2, Chernivtsi, 58002, Ukraine e-mail: [email protected]
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟɫɥɨɜɚɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ, ɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɰɟɧɨɡ, ɢɦɦɭɧɨɞɟɮɢɰɢɬ
.H\ZRUGV generalized periodontitis, microbiocenosis, immunodeficiency
ɄɅȱɇȱɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
ȼɢɹɜɥɟɧɨ, ɳɨ ɩɨɹɜɚɜɹɫɟɧɧɿɣɬɤɚɧɢɧɿ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɧɢɤɿɜɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɢɯɛɚɤɬɟɪɿɣɽɩɪɨɜɿɫɧɢɰɟɸ
ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɜɧɢɯɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɜɨɝɨɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɭ. ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɳɨ ɪɚɧɧɿɦɢɨɛ'ɽɤɬɢɜɧɢɦɢ
ɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɪɟɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɜ ɤɿɫɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɬɤɚɧɢɧɚɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɭ ɭ ɯɜɨɪɢɯ ɧɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɢɣɝɿɧɝɿɜɿɬɽɝɿɩɟɪɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɿɹɩɪɨɡɚɩɚɥɶɧɢɯɰɢɬɨɤɿɧɿɜȱɅ-1ȕɿɎɇɉ-ĮɿɞɟɮɿɰɢɬɩɪɨɬɢɡɚɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨȱɅ-4,
ɹɤɢɣɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɜɫɶɨɝɨɩɟɪɿɨɞɭɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɶ.
$EVWUDFW0LFURELRORJLFDODQGLPPXQRORJLFDOGLDJQRVWLFFULWHULDIRULQLWLDOGHJUHHRIJHQHUDOL]HGSHULRGRQWLWLVDW WKHVWDJHRISUH;UD\PDQLIHVWDWLRQV0DVKFKHQNR,66WUXN9,9DWDPDQ\XN19 The article presents the results of a comparative study of the microbial landscape and violations of local immunity in patients with generalized periodontitis at preclinical-radiological stage of development in 60 patients. It was revealed that appearance of representatives of the major periodontal bacteria in the gum tissue is a precursor of development of initial stage of generalized periodontitis in them. It has been established that the early objective indicators of bone resorptive process in periodontal tissues in patients with generalized catarrhal gingivitis is an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1.beta and TNF-alpha and the lack of anti-inflammatory IL-4, which persists for a long time during the observation period.
ɇɟɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɣ ɢɧ ɬɟɪɟɫ ɫɬɨɦɚɬɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɤ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬɜɫɟɛɨɥɶɲɟɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɗɬɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɭɫɩɟɯɢ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ ɢ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɝɟɧɟ ɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɢ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɇɚɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɵɹɫɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɚ ɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ>@
ɋɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɫɬɢɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ ɢɦɦɭɧɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɛɚɤ ɬɟɪɢɣ > @ ɋ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɢɞɟɹ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɮɚɡɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟ ɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɪɚɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɜɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟɧɨɬɚɤɠɟɢ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟ ɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɤɭɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟ ɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ
ɐɟɥɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ± ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɦɢɤɪɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɝɢɧɝɢ ɜɢɬɚ ɜ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɨ ɞɨɧɬɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɢ
ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɭɥɢɰɛɟɡɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɯɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɪɢɡ ɧɚɤɨɜɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ
ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɕɂɆȿɌɈȾɕɂɋɋɅȿȾɈȼȺɇɂɃ
ȼɨɫɧɨɜɭɪɚɛɨɬɵɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵɞɚɧɧɵɟɤɥɢɧɢɤɨ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɫɬɪɚ ɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɚɪɨ ɞɨɧɬɚ ɋɪɟɞɢ ɧɢɯ ± ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɢ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɜɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟɨɬɞɨɥɟɬ
Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɤɥɢɧɢɤɨɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫ ɬɜɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɜ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɤɥɚɫ ɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ >@ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɡɭ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɫɬɭɩ ɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɤɥɢɧɢɤɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɉɟɪɜɭɸ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ ɱɟɥ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɢ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɜɬɨɪɭɸ ɱɟɥ ± ɫɬɪɚ ɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɨɣɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɭɸ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɧɨɪɨɜ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɰɟɜ ɚɧɚ ɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɥɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɚɧɚɦɧɟɡɚ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɥɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɦ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨɝɨɞɚɢɩɨɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣɦɨɦɟɧɬɡɚɛɨɥɟ ɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɅɈɊɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨɤɢɲɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚɩɟɱɟɧɢɩɨɱɟɤɪɟɜɦɚɬɢɡɦɨɦ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɉɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɨɡɧɚ ɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɟɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜɫɬɚɤɬɢɤɨɣɢɯɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɟɝɨɰɟɥɶɸɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɧɬɝɟ ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɩɪɨɛɵ ɢ ɢɧɞɟɤɫɵ >@ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɝɢɟɧɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɪɬɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ *UHHQ9HUPLOOLRQ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɜ ɞɟɫɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ ɤɪɨɜɨ ɬɨɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ 6LOQHVV/RH ɢ ɩɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɦɚɪɝɢɧɚɥɶ ɧɨɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨɢɧɞɟɤɫɚɉɆȺ>@
Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɟɤ ɦɟɠɡɭɛɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɨɤ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɬɨɩɚɧɬɨɦɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɟɦɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɰɟɧɨɡɚ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶ ɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɢɤɪɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɦɟɬɨɞɨɦɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɷɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɧɚɷɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɛɚɤ ɬɟɪɢɣ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚ ɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɡ ɧɚɤɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɟɣ Ȼɟɪɝɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɢ ɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɟɰɢ ɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ ɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɚɡɧɭɸ ɰɟɩɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɉɐɊ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ȾɇɄɡɨɧɞɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ȾɇɄ
ɝɢɛɪɢɞɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɫɬɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ 0LFUR'HQWD5 Ƚɟɪ
ɦɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɭ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɝɟɧɬɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɢ ɡɚɛɨɪ ɧɟɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɨɬɨɜɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɞɢɧɚ ɤɨɜɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɭɬɪɨɦɧɚɬɨɳɚɤɜɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɥ ɫɥɸɧɭ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɥɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɩɥɟɜɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɛɢɪɤɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɢɮɭɝɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɦɢɧɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦɢɧɭɬȼɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɧɚɞɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɭɸ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɞɨɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɥɢɜɦɨɪɨɡɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɤɚɦɟɪɟɩɪɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɦɢɧɭɫɋ
ɋɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɢ ɬɟɬɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɢ ɩɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɨɬɨɜɨɣɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢV,J$,J$,J*ɢ,J0
ɄɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɸɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɥɨɛɭɥɢɧɨɜV,J$,J$ ,J* ɢ ,J0 ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɪɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɜ ɚɝɚɪɟ ɩɨ *0DQFKLQL>@ɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɦɨɧɨɫɩɟɰɢɮɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɚɧɬɢɫɵɜɨɪɨɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯɤɥɚɫɫɨɜɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɥɨɛɭɥɢɧɨɜɆɟɬɨɞ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɸɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɥɨ ɛɭɥɢɧɨɜɫɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸɞɨɝɥ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɂɅȕ ɎɇɈĮ ɢ ɂɅ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɹɥɢɜɫɥɸɧɟɧɚɛɨɪɚɦɢɪɟɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ©ɉɪɨɬɟɢɧɨɜɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪª ©ɐɢɬɨɤɢɧª ɋɚɧɤɬɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ©ɫɟɧɞɜɢɱªɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɬɜɟɪɞɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨɢɦ ɦɭɧɨɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɞɜɚ ɦɨɧɨɤɥɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɧɬɢɬɟɥɚ ɫ ɪɚɡ ɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɷɩɢɬɪɨɩɧɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɢɫɫɥɟ ɞɭɟɦɨɦɭ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɭ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞ
ɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ ɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɝɨɧɚɛɨɪɚɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɨɜɑɭɜɫɬɜɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚɨɬɞɨɩɝɦɥ
ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɨ ɞɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ 6WDWLVWLFD 6WDW6RIW,QH86$ɧɚɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɟɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ :LQGRZV ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ0LFURVRIW([FHOɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɹɞɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɥɚ ɩɨɞɫɱɟɬɫɪɟɞɧɢɯɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɆɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦ ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɧɟɩɚɪɚ ɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɥɢ Wɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɋɬɶɸɞɟɧɬɚ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɟ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟɉɪɢɪɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɱɢɬɚɥɢɫɶɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɦɢ
ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɕɂɂɏɈȻɋɍɀȾȿɇɂȿ
ɇɚ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜ ɥɹɥɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟɞɥɹɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚ ɧɢɣɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɠɚɥɨɛɵɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɱɚɫɬɨɷɬɨɛɵɥɢ ɠɚɥɨɛɵɧɚɤɪɨɜɨɬɨɱɢɜɨɫɬɶɢɩɨɤɪɚɫɧɟɧɢɟɞɟɫɟɧ ɢ ɞɢɫɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ ɩɪɢ ɱɢɫɬɤɟ ɡɭɛɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɟɫɧɟɜɵɯ ɢɧɞɟɤɫɨɜ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɯɪɨ ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɵɦɭɜɫɟɯɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɯ
Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡ ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɞɨɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫ ɤɨɝɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɫɧɚɱɚɥɚɩɪɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɟɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɰɟɧɨ ɡɚɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɤɚɧɟɣɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚ ɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦɢɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɯɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɩɚɪɨ ɞɨɧɬɢɬɨɦɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭ ɩɚ ɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɨ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧ ɧɵɯɜɢɞɨɜɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣɜɡɭɛɨɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣɛɨɪɨɡɞɤɟɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɝɪɭɩɩɨɣɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯɬɚɛɥ
ɄɅȱɇȱɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 1
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɵɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɤɚɧɟɣɭɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ
Ƚɪɭɩɩɵɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ
ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦQ
ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɨɦ Q
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɚɹɝɪɭɩɩɚ Q ȼɢɞ
ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ
ɄɈȿɟɞɦɥ0P ɄɈȿɟɞɦɥ0P ɄɈȿɟɞɦɥ0P
Ɋɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɧɚɹɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɚ
/DFWREDFLOOXVVSS ā ā ā
%LILGREDFWHULXPVSS ā ā ā
Ɏɚɤɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɚ
6WUVDOLYDULXV ā ā ā
6WUKDHPROLWLFXV ā ā ā
6WULQWHUPHGLXV ā ā ā
3HSWRVWUHSWRFRFFXVPLFURV ā ā
)XVREDFWHULXPQHFURIRUXP ā ā
&DQGLGDDOELFDQV ā ā ā
(QWHUREDFWHUVSS
6WI$XUHXV ā ā ā
ɉɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɚɹɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɚ
$DFWLQRP\FHWHPFRPLWDQV ā ā ā
3RUSK\URPRQDVJLQJLYDOLV ā ā
%DFWHURLGHVIRUVLWKXV ā
3UHYRWHOODLQWHUPHGLD ā
7UHSRQHPDGHQWLFROD
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɷɬɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɥɚ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɚɧɚɷɪɨɛɧɚɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɮɥɨɪɚ Ʉɨɥɢ ɱɟɫɬɜɨ 6WUKHSWROLWLFXV 3HSWRVWUHSWRFRFFXV 6WU VDQJXLQLVɢVWUDXUHXVɛɵɥɨɜɵɲɟɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ !ɤɨɟɦɥ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɢɯ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɗɬɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɮɚɤɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɉɐɊ ɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯɥɢɲɶɭɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɣɝɪɭɩɩɵɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶɜɞɟɫɧɟ ɜɨɣ ɛɨɪɨɡɞɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɞɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟ 3LQWHUPH GLD 3JLQJLYDOLV $ DFWLQRPɭFHWLFRPLWDQV %IRUVL WKXV 7GHQWLFROD ɬɚɛɥ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟɜɢɞɵɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɱɚɳɟ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɪɬɨɣ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɟɤ ɦɟɠɡɭɛɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɢ
ɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɞɟɫɧɟɜɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɞɨ ɥɟɬɩɪɢɱɟɦɭɜɫɟɯɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɯɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɫɰɟɧɟɧ ɤɚɤ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɧɞɟɤɫɨɜɩɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɬɚɤɨ ɜɵɦɢ ɭ ɥɢɰ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɣ ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɨɤɨɦ ɩɥɟɤɫɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɢɤɪɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɜɭɟɬɨɬɨɦɱɬɨɝɥɚɜɧɵɦɦɢɤɪɨɛɧɵɦɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧ ɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɧɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɡɹɬɵɣ ɦɢɤɪɨɛɚɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹɬɪɟɯɢɛɨɥɟɟɗɬɨɜɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɥɢɦɨɪɮɢɡɦ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚ ɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ
ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɞɟɝɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɥɨɪɵ ɥɚɤɬɨ ɢ ɛɢɮɢɞɨɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɢ6WUYLULGDQV6WUVDQJXLXVɜɵɞɟ ɥɹɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜ ɦɟɧɶ
ɲɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɤɨɟɦɥ ɱɟɦ ɭ
ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɬɚɛɥ ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɚɫɶɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹɤɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸɤɚɤɱɢɫɥɚ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɪɟɩɬɨɤɨɤɤɨɜ ɫɬɚɮɢ ɥɨɤɨɤɤɨɜ ɷɧɬɟɪɨɤɨɤɤɨɜ ɝɪɢɛɨɜ ɪɨɞɚ Ʉɚɧɞɢɞɚ ɚɤɬɢɧɨɦɢɰɟɬɨɜ ɬɚɛɥ ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣ ɱɚɲɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɥɢɫɶ ɫ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɩɪɟɞ
ɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɢ
ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɣɉɐɊ
Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɜɢɞɨɜɨɣɫɨɫɬɚɜɡɭɛɨɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɢɲɢ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɝɟɧɟ ɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɦɢ ɞɢɫɛɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɹɦɢ ɩɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɬɚɤɨɜɵɦɢɩɪɢɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɷɬɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɦ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɧɨɦɢɰɟɬɚɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɟɬɫɹɫɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɦɢɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣɜɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɚɫɩɟɤɬɟɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɢɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɰɟɧɨɡɚɡɭɛɨ ɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɢɲɢ ɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚ ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ ɧɚ ɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɹɜɢɥ ɱɬɨ ɭɝɪɨɡɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨ ɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɭ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɛɢɨɰɟɧɨɡɟ ɞɟɫɧɟ ɜɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢ ɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸ ɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɡɭɛɨɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɢɲɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɦɚɪɤɟɪ ɧɟɢɡ ɛɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬ ɟɳɟ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɜɨɫ ɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɜɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟ
Ɇɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɢ ɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɤɨɦ ɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ Ɉɛɫɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜɜɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟȼɰɟɥɨɦ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɯ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɜɵɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɪɨɥɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɢ ɬɟɬɚ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɡɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣɜɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟ
ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟɢɫɰɟɥɶɸɩɨɢɫɤɚɢɦɦɭ ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɥɢ ɛɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɭɸ ɫɬɚɞɢɸ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɚɜɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɛɵɥɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɨ ɝɥɨɛɭɥɢɧɨɜ ɢ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɂɅȕ ɎɇɈĮ ɢ ɂɅ ɜ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɥɸɧɟ ɭ ɜɫɟɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɣɝɪɭɩɩɵ
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ V,J$,J$,J*ɢ,J0ɜɧɟɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɫɥɸɧɟ ɜɵɹɜɢɥɢ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɭɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɯɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɥɨɛɭɥɢɧɨɜ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɨ ɛɨɥɟɟɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɝɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɢɬɟɬɚɭɛɨɥɶɧɵɯɜɬɨɪɨɣɝɪɭɩɩɵ
Ⱦɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɹɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɦɟɫɬ ɧɨɣɚɧɬɢɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɡɚɳɢɬɵɭɛɨɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɟɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɟɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɬɨ ɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɢ ɡɭɛɨɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɢɲɢ ɋɪɵɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɤɨ ɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɟɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɦ ɦɭɧɢɬɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧ ɧɵɦ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɦ ɥɢɦɮɨɢɞ ɧɨɝɨɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɣɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢɩɨɥɨɫɬɢɪɬɚɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɜɨɫɩɚ ɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɥɨ ɛɭɥɢɧɨɜ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɟɠɡɭɛɧɵɯɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɨɤ
ɋɰɟɥɶɸɩɨɢɫɤɚɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜɞɥɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɪɚɧɧɟɣɫɬɚɞɢɢɪɟɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɫɚɜɤɨɫɬɧɵɯɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɧɚɞɨɤɥɢɧɢ ɤɨɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹɢɧɬɟɪɥɟɣɤɢɧɨɜɂɅȕɎɇɈĮɢɂɅ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶɭɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɯɧɚɱɚɥɶ ɧɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɟɤ ɦɟɠɡɭɛɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɤɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɨɫɬɟɨɩɚɬɢɢɜɧɢɯ
ɄɅȱɇȱɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
ɍ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɢɦɟɥɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜɂɅȕɎɇɈĮɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɦɚɥɨɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɨɬɢ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɂɅɜɫɥɸɧɟ
ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢɂɅȕɛɵɥɢɜɪɚɡɚɚɎɇɈĮɜ ɪɚɡɚɜɵɲɟɩɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɝɪɭɩɩɨɣɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɧɨɪɨɜɬɚɛɥ
Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɱɬɨɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɜ ɪɨɬɨɜɨɣɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɂɅ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɤɨɦ ɩɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɧɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɭɸ ɢɧɝɢɛɢ ɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɪɟɡɨɪɛɰɢɸ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɤɥɟɬɨɱ ɧɨɝɨɤɚɥɶɰɢɹɜɨɫɬɟɨɛɥɚɫɬɚɯɇɟɥɶɡɹɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɂɅȕɢɎɇɈĮɭɛɨɥɶɧɵɯɫɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɟɫɬɨɦ ɧɨ ɢ ɪɚɧɧɢɦ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɨɦ ɪɟɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɉɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɲɥɚ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ Ɍɚɤ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɜɨɫɩɚɥɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɭ ɩɚ ɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜ ɢɡɭ ɱɚɟɦɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɧɟɢɦɟɥɢɨɬɥɢɱɢɣɜɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢɫ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɉɪɢɱɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹɂɅȕɢɎɇɈĮɢɦɟɥɚɦɟɫɬɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɝɢɧɝɢ ɜɢɬɚɢɞɥɹɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɂɅȕ ɎɇɈĮ ɢ ɂɅ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɫ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɵɦɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɜɨɫɩɚɥɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɪɚɟɜɨɦ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɟ ɦɵ ɩɪɢɲɥɢ ɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟ ɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɤɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɟɤ ɦɟɠɡɭɛɧɵɯɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɨɤɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɩɪɨɜɨɫɩɚ ɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜ ɎɇɈĮ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɂɅ ȕɜɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣɫɥɸɧɟɧɚɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ
Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɜɞɚɧɧɨɦɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢɩɪɟɞ ɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɱɬɨ ɪɚɧɧɢɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɵɦ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɟɡɨɪɛɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢ ɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɢɩɟɪɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜ ɂɅȕɢɎɇɈĮɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɳɚɹɫɹɜɬɟ ɱɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 2
ɍɪɨɜɧɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɰɢɬɨɤɢɧɨɜɭɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯɆP
Ƚɪɭɩɩɵɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ
ɐɢɬɨɤɢɧɵ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɵɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɟɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ
Q
ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɵɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɚɞɢɟɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚɫɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ Q
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɚɹɝɪɭɩɩɚ Q
ɂɅȕɩɝɦɥ
ɎɇɈĮɩɝɦɥ
ɂɅɩɝɦɥ
ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɟ ɱ ɚ ɧ ɢ ɟ Sɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɩɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸɤɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ
ȼɕȼɈȾɕ
ɉɪɢ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɤɚɬɚ
ɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɟ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɵ 6WU KHSWR OLWLFXV 3HSWRVWUHSWRFRFFXV 6WU VDQJXLQLV ɢ 6WU DXUHXV 6WU HSLGHUPLGLV ɡɚɫɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɨɛɳɭɸ ɡɭɛɨɞɟɫɧɟɜɭɸɷɤɨɧɢɲɭ!ɄɈȿɦɥɉɨɹɜɥɟ
ɧɢɟ ɜ ɞɟɫɧɟɜɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞ ɜɟɫɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ
ɋɬɨɣɤɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɂɅȕ ɢ ɎɇɈĮ ɜ
ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɨɛɫɟɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɫɧɟɜɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɩɚ ɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚɦɢ ɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɚɬɚɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɢɧɝɢɜɢɬɨɦ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɚɦɢ ɪɚɧɧɟɣ ɞɨ ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɢɬɚ
ɋ
ɋ
ɉ
ɉ
ɂ
ɂ
ɋ
ɋ
Ɉ
Ɉ
Ʉ
Ʉ
Ʌ
Ʌ
ɂ
ɂ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ȿ
ȿ
Ɋ
Ɋ
Ⱥ
Ⱥ
Ɍ
Ɍ
ɍ
ɍ
Ɋ
Ɋ
ɕ
ɕ
Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜɇɇɉɪɢɱɢɧɵɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚ ɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɜɨɫɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚɇɇȻɟɥɨɭɫɨɜɉɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ± Ɍʋ±ɋ
Ɇɚɳɟɧɤɨ ɂɋ Ɂɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɂɋ Ɇɚɳɟɧɤɨ±ȾɧɟɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɤɄɨɥɨ±ɫ
ɐɟɩɨɜ ɅɆ Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤ ɬɢɤɚ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɚɪɨɞɨɧɬɚ ɅɆɐɟɩɨɜ Ⱥɂɇɢɤɨ ɥɚɟɜȿȺɆɢɯɟɟɜɚ±ɆɨɫɤɜɚɆɟɞɉɪɟɫɫ±ɫ
&RFKUDQ '/ ,QIODPPDWLRQ DQG ERQH ORVV LQ SHULRGRQWDO GLVHDVH '/ &RFKUDQ - 3HULRGRQWRO ± ±9RO±3
,PPXQRORJLFDO DQG PLFURELRORJLF SURILOHV RI FKURQLFDQGDJJUHVVLYHSHULRGRQWLWLVVXEMHFWV%5HVFDOD :5RVDOHP 53 7HOHV 5* )LVFKHU >HW DO@ -3H ULRGRQWRO±±9RO±3
0DQFKLQL*,PPXQRFKHPLFDOTXDQWLWDWLRQRIDQ WLJHQV E\ VLQJOH UDGLDO LPPXQRGLIIXVLRQ *0DQFKLQL $2*DUERQDUD 6) +HUHPDQV ,PPXQRFKHPLVWU\ ± ±9RO1±Ɋ
0LFKDHO 30 ,PPXQRORJLFDO DQG ,QIODPPDWRU\ $VSHFWV RI 3HULRGRQWDO 'LVHDVH 300LFKDHO &RQ WLQXLQJ(GXFDWLRQ&RXUVH±±3
5
5
(
(
)
)
(
(
5
5
(
(
1
1
&
&
(
(
6
6
%HORXVRY11 >&DXVHV ZLGHVSUHDG VHYHUH LQIODP PDWRU\SHULRGRQWDOGLVHDVH@3HULRGRQWRORJ\ 5XVVLDQ
0DVKFKHQNR,6 >3HULRGRQWDO GLVHDVH@ 'QHSUR SHWURYVN&ROR5XVVLDQ
ɋHSRY / 1LNRODHY $ 0LNKHHYD ( >'LDJQRVLV WUHDWPHQW DQG SUHYHQWLRQ RI SHULRGRQWDO GLVHDVH@ 0('SUHVV5XVVLDQ
&RFKUDQ '/ ,QIODPPDWLRQ DQG ERQH ORVV LQ SHULRGRQWDOGLVHDVH-3HULRGRQWRO
5HVFDOD % 5RVDOHP : 7HOHV 53 )LVFKHU 5* +DIIDMHH $' 6RFUDQVN\ 66 *XVWDIVVRQ $ )LJXHUHGR
&0,PPXQRORJLFDODQGPLFURELRORJLFSURILOHVRIFKURQLF DQG DJJUHVVLYH SHULRGRQWLWLV VXEMHFWV - 3HULRGRQWRO
0DQFKLQL * *DUERQDUD $2 +HUHPDQV 6) ,PPXQRFKHPLFDO TXDQWLWDWLRQ RI DQWLJHQV E\ VLQJOH UDGLDO LPPXQRGLIIXVLRQ ,PPXQRFKHPLVWU\
0LFKDHO 30 ,PPXQRORJLFDO DQG ,QIODPPDWRU\ $VSHFWV RI 3HULRGRQWDO 'LVHDVH &RQWLQXLQJ (GXFDWLRQ &RXUVH
ɋɬɚɬɬɹɧɚɞɿɣɲɥɚɞɨɪɟɞɚɤɰɿʀ
