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2007/88

On the intensity of downside risk aversion

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CORE DISCUSSION PAPER 2007/88

On the intensity of downside risk aversion

David CRAINICH 1 and Louis EECKHOUDT2

November 2007

Abstract

The degree of downside risk aversion (or equivalently prudence) is so far usually measured by

!

" # # #

U

# #

U

. We propose here another measure,

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U

"

U

, which has interesting properties,

different from those related to

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" # # #

U

# #

U

. It also appears that the two measures are not

mutually exclusive. Instead, they seem to be rather complementary as shown through an economic application.

Keywords: downside risk aversion, prudence, local and global properties. JEL Classification: D81

1 CNRS and LEM, Catholic University of Lille, France.

2 IESEG/LEM, Catholic University of Lille, France and CORE, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium.

The authors thank Christian Gollier, Patrick Roger, Harris Schlesinger, Fred Schroyen and Arthur Snow for very helpful comments and suggestions.

This paper presents research results of the Belgian Program on Interuniversity Poles of Attraction initiated by the Belgian State, Prime Minister's Office, Science Policy Programming. The scientific responsibility is assumed by the authors.

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* . -' & ( . - !#$; % < ? ' . .? / F ( & . G / = . ) " - 4 . . '' F ;0 ' / / . ) 7 ' / 6 !#$ %) D

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7 '' & . . ! . . & % - / F 0 / - / ' F . . - ' ' . ) 0 - & ' . . . '' - - ' . - 9) * . ' / E . ) )7) 0 . . ! % < / F ( . '' & F . '' F !8% 0 . . 1 ' / ! . .% / 4 1 ' F . ' ! 1)9%) 0 ' ' < . . @ ) * ' /' ' ' '' . 9 . ' / ( ' 0 ! 9% ' ' / 7 . > = !#$ % 1 ' ) , & / . & H ' ! % A 1 ' -/ ) ;

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/ ' ! % - ' . . . . )

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7 '' 7 @5 ' ' 4 / ' -' / ' & . ' - - / ' ) 6 ' ' ' . ) )7) . ' ) ( > ./ ''A ' ' . ! % ' -' / ' @ ' / ) 7 ' -!#$$;%8& ' . & ' . ' . ) )7) ' 1 @ . - . ' ) 2 ' ' . ) )7)& . . ) * ' & ) 0 ' / F . & E @ B . ' ' . ' ' ' . . ) * ' ' . -' / ' . . )

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( '' - > ./ '' !#$$ % '' ' ' B / = - . ) 2 . 1 @ - / ' / 8 '' '' D);) B / ' ' ) 9

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. ) 6 ' / . ! - %) 2 . . ! % ' 1 ' / . ! 1 . %) * . ' - ' . ' . ' . . ! % . / . ) * . @ . . 4 . = F ! % ' 4 ' - ) 7 '& ' . . ) 0 . ' F ! % * . & 1 ' / . . ' / . F !$% 2 . 1 ' / . - 1 ' ) ' / . . ' 1 & 3 1 ' / . '' / 1 ' ) 2 1 . - ' - . 1 ' / . 3 ) * ' 3 ) )7) & / . ' ' & $) * F !$% 1 ' / . , !#$ $%) , A . ' . - ' '' 4 ) $, ' . - ' / ' 3 -. - 3 ' 1 ' / . ' ) 8

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& !$% / . F !# % 6 1 ' / . F !##% 0 . 1 ' / . / . ' ) 0 ' - - / . . 1 ' 1 ' / . <4 = ' ' . / ' / '' ) 2 1 !##% ' . 1 ' / . . ! 4 / & % ' = & ' . ) )7) ) 2 & / & 1 ' / . - '' ) 0 ' ' < ' ? . -? . @ F ' ' -!. % 1 & ' - . 1 ' /@ . ) 0 ' ' / -D . . / ' . 1 ' ' )

$

0 ' ' . ! % -- / > ./ ''& & / ' ' ' . ' ) * ' ' . & & ' - ) ( & ' 1 ' / ' & D) , -' / ' ' 4 / B / ' ) 7'' A . . . ) * . . ' . . ) ( & 9& 4 ' - 1 . ' ' . - 1 ' / . )

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%

< ' 6 !#% ) ) ε ) - / ' # & < . ' F ' 6 !#% ) ) # ( . /' F

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ε ' / F ' . . ) I . - - . / ) ' / @ ' / !9% - ) )7) ! % . ' ' / . ' -/ ) 6 . ' ' !9%)

& '

7 . & / > =) !#$ %) ?5 4 &? ;9!9%& ##D @##8#)

7 & > !#$89% ?7 @/ -?& 6 ' &

I EJ H ( ) , & / !#$ $%& ?2 A / . - K& $& ##D @##;9) . & 5 H -' =) !#$ ;%) ?* &? !D%& DD9@D8 ) $

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& 6 ' - ) ! 8%) ?5

-' &? $8!#%& @ $)

& 6 ' - ) !#$$;%) ?7

' &?

& ,) ) & ) >' 7 . 5 /' &

9@$ ) ( '& HL M. ' 0 ) ! 9%) ?( &? D#!D%& $@D ) ( . & ' & - ) !#$; %) ?0 ' ' ' - &? 98!;%& $@D ;) H & 5 2 '' . ' ) ! %) ?6 - @ - '@ = 7 N5 F 7 . @ &? #D8!#%& #$@ > ' 7 ) ! 9%) ?+ &? ; !D%& 8 @ ) > ./ ''& ' ) !#$$ %) ?5 - . '' ' - &? 9 !#%& 9D@ D) & ' ) ! 9%) ?7 . &? # & 8 @ # = . & ) + H 0 ' ) !#$ %) ?* - @ &? !9%& $ #@$D ) 5 & H ) !#$8;%) ? . '' ' - &? D & # @#D8) & ) !#$ #%) ? . - . . '' ' - ' &? ;$!D%& 8 #@8D ) & / 5 ' 6 ) !#$ %) ? . . - &? D9!;%& $#9@$#$) #

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