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3 6 5

Revista da Sociedade Br asileir a de Medicina Tr opical 3 8 ( 4 ) :3 6 5 -3 6 6 , jul-ago, 2 0 0 5

Severe gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis

Estrongiloidiose gastrointestinal grave

José Roberto Lambertucci

1

, Mateus Rodrigues Westin

1

and Alfredo José Afonso Barbosa

2

IMAGENS EM DIP/IMAGES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES

1 . Se r viç o de Do e nç as Infe c c io sas da Fac uldade de Me dic ina da Unive r sidade Fe de r al de Minas Ge r ais, B e lo Ho r izo nte , MG. 2 . De par tame nto de Anato mia Pato ló gic a da Fac uldade de Me dic ina da Unive r sidade Fe de r al de Minas Ge r ais, B e lo Ho r izo nte , MG.

Ad d r e ss to : Pr o f. J o sé Ro b e r to Lamb e r tuc c i. Fac uldade de Me dic ina/UFMG. Ave nida Alfr e do B ale na 1 9 0 , 3 0 1 3 0 - 1 0 0 B e lo Ho r izo nte , MG, B r asil.

e - mail: lamb e r @ uai. c o m. b r

Re c e b ido par a pub lic aç ão e m 7 /4 /2 0 0 5 Ac e ito e m 3 /5 /2 0 0 5

A

B

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3 6 6

La mbe r tucci JR e t a l

A 2 6 -year-old man was admitted to hospital c omplaining of

c olic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, whic h star te d 9 days b e fo r e . He has b e e n r e c e iving pr e dniso ne

( 8 0 m g/da y) fo r th e la s t 2 m o n th s fo r th e tr e a tm e n t o f

sc histosomal myeloradic ulopathy and omeprazole for gastric

pr o te c tio n. He wa s a lso tr e a te d fo r str o ngylo idia sis with ivermec tin ( 1 2 mg, single dose) before starting prednisone. His

c linic al c ondition deteriorated rapidly after admission, with

se ve r e vo m iting, de hydr atio n, hypo natr e m ia ( 1 1 5 m Eq /L) ,

hypoalbuminemia ( 0 .9 g/dl) and paralytic ileus. A urinary trac t infec tion, c aused by Esche richia co li, was diagnosed and treated with c iprofloxac in. Fifteen days after admission, parenteral

nutrition was initiated. A gastrointestinal c ontrasted radiograph

was performed and it showed a dilated stomac h and stric ture of the lumen of duodenum and jejunum ( Figure A – arrow) . Upper

endosc opy revealed a moderate enanthematous gastritis and in

the antrum and duodenum it was desc ribed a friable muc osa

with bleeding, edema and elevated whitish areas ( Figure B ) . B io psie s o f the e so phagus, sto m ac h and duo de num we r e

o b tained and sub mitted to histo lo gic al examinatio n. In the

stomach a great number of larvae of Stro ngylo ide s were identified ( Figure C – the arrow points to a larva of Stro ngylo ide s) , and they were surrounded by inflammatory c ells and eosinophils.

The patient was treated with ivermec tin ( 1 2 mg, single dose)

followed by albendazole ( 4 0 0 mg/day) for 1 0 days and improved

over the following 8 days. Two months later, at the outpatient c linic , he was feeling well. Stro ngylo ide s larvae were still found in his stools. He rec eived albendazole ( 4 0 0 /day) again for 3 0

days and remains asymptomatic .

O pac iente, de 2 6 anos, foi admitido ao hospital

queixando-se de dor abdominal em c ólic a, náuqueixando-seas, vômitos e diarréia de iníc io havia nove dias. Ele vinha sendo tratado c om prednisona

( 8 0 mg/dia) , nos últimos dois meses, c om o diagnóstic o de

m ie lo r r adic ulo patia e sq uisto sso m ó tic a e o m e pr azo l par a

proteção gástrica. Ele havia recebido, ainda, ivermectina ( 1 2 mg,

em dose únic a) para o tratamento de estrongiloidíase antes de inic iar a prednisona. Após a admissão hospitalar, o quadro

c lín ic o pio r o u r a pida m e n te , c o m vô m ito s pe r s is te n te s ,

desidr ataç ão , hipo natr emia ( 1 1 5 mEq/L) , hipo alb uminemia

( 0 ,9 g/dl) e íleo paralític o. Diagnostic ou-se infec ç ão urinária, causada pela Esche richia co li, que foi tratada com ciprofloxacina. Iniciou-se nutrição parenteral 1 5 dias após a internação. O trânsito

intestinal evidenc iou dilataç ão do estômago e estenose das luzes

do duodeno e jejuno. ( Figura A – seta) . A endoscopia digestiva alta revelo u gastrite enantemato sa mo derada, e, no antro e

duodeno, a presença de mucosa friável, sangrante, edematosa e

com placas elevadas e esbranquiçadas ( Figura B) . Os fragmentos

de esôfago, estômago e duodeno, obtidos por biópsias, foram encaminhados para exame histológico. Descreveu-se no estômago

a presença de larvas de Stro ngylo ide s ( Figura C – a seta aponta uma larva de Stro ngylo ides) , envolvidas em processo inflamatório c ontendo eosinófilos. O pac iente foi tratado c om ivermec tina ( 1 2 mg, em dose única) , seguido de albendazol ( 4 0 0 mg/dia) por

1 0 dias e houve melhora marcante ao longo dos próximos oito

dias. Dois meses mais tarde, em ambulatório, ele sentia-se bem.

As larvas de Stro ngylo ide s ainda foram encontradas nas fezes. Ele recebeu albendazol ( 4 0 0 mg/dia) por 3 0 dias e permanece

assintomático.

REFERENCES

1 . B e nhur J unio r A, Se r ufo J C, Lamb e r tuc c i J R. Pulmo nar y str o ngylo idiasis. Re vista da So c ie dade B r asile ir a de Me dic ina Tr o pic al 3 7 : 3 5 9 -3 6 0 , 2 0 0 4 . 2 . Lamber tuc c i JR, Leão FC, B ar bo sa AJA. Gastr ic str o ngylo idiasis and infec tio n by the human T c ell lymphotropic virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) . Revista da Soc iedade B r asileira de Medic ina Tr o pic al 3 6 : 5 4 1 -5 4 2 , 2 0 0 3 .

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