THE IMPORTANCE OF ITABORAÍ BASIN (PALEOCENE) AS THE HOME TO EARLY RECORDS OF MANY PULMONATE SNAIL FAMILIES

RESUMO

Os calcários da Bacia de Itaboraí (Paleoceno Médio a Superior), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, são famosos por sua abundante fauna de mamíferos, mas também possuem uma rica fauna de 17 espécies de gastrópodes pulmonados.

Os registros fósseis mais antigos das famílias Orthalicidae e Strophocheilidae são de Itaboraí.

Cerionidae, Clausiliidae, Ellobiidae e Urocoptidae não possuem representantes vivos que chegam tão ao sul da América do Sul como no Rio de Janeiro;

além disso, os registros de Charopidae, Clausiliidae, Cerionidae, Urocoptidae e Vertiginidae estão entre os mais antigos conhecidos no mundo.

Considerando esse registro tão diverso, é estranho que essa fauna seja pouco conhecida, já que pode ajudar a responder diversas perguntas sobre biogeografia e sistemática.

Palavras-chave: Biogeografia, Pulmonata, Rio de Janeiro

ABSTRACT

The limestones of Itaboraí Basin (Middle to Upper Paleocene), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, are famous for the abundant mammalian fauna, /.5 ."35 &-)5 ",),5 5 ,#"5 /(5 ) 5 gm5 -*#-5 of pulmonate snails. The oldest fossil records of the families Orthalicidae and Strophocheilidae are from Itaboraí. Cerionidae, Clausiliidae, Ellobiidae and Urocoptidae do not have living representatives so far south in South America -5 #)5 5 (#,):5 #.#)(&&365 ."5 ,),-5 ) 5 Charopidae, Clausiliidae, Cerionidae, Urocoptidae (5,.#!#(#5,5')(!5."5)&-.5%()1(5#(5 ."51),&85)(-#,#(!5-/"5#0,-5,),65#.5#-5 -.,(!5 .".5 ."#-5 /(5 #-5 ().5 1&&5 %()1(5 -#(5

#.5 (5 "&*5 (-1,#(!5 '(35 #)!)!,*"35 (5 -3-.'.#-5+/-.#)(-8

Keywords: #)!)!,*"365/&')(.65#)5 de Janeiro

INTRODUCTION

The limestone formation of the Itaboraí Basin at São José de Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro, ,4#&65#-5..,5%()1(535#.-5/((.5'''&#(5 fauna (Bergqvist et al865hfflC85)10,65."#-5.#(35 -#(5&-)5",),-55,#"5 /(5) 51&&7*,-,05 pulmonate snails: 18 species have been described .)5 .65 '#(&35 #(5 /&#'/&#I,."&##5 B#!85 g:5 #')(5 ;5 44&#,65 goojC85 )&&)1#(!5 mammal correlations, the Itaboraí limestones are ()15!,5.)55) 5**,5&)(5&.")/!"5 the S1 stratigraphic sequence sensu Medeiros

;5 ,!+0#-.5 BgoooC65 1",5 &&5 ')&&/--5 (5 5 found, has been considered as Middle Paleocene (Medeiros & Bergqvist, 1999). Some of the molluscan species found in sequence S1 can also 5 )/(5#(5-+/(5h651",5."5'$),#.35) 5 the mammalian fauna is (Bergqvist et al., 2006).

.),ù]-5,&35()4)#5!5(5&).#)(5'%5 its fossils critical in understanding the evolution of South American taxa and their biogeographic

"#-.),385 "5 .),#(5 /(5 *,-(.-5 -)'5 ) 5 the first record for extant molluscan families (5,),-5) 5*-.5#-.,#/.#)(51",5."5&#0#(!5 ,&.#0-5(5().55 )/(5.)35(3'),8

THE PULMONATE FAMILIES OF ITABORAÍ BASIN

95 ,#)(#5 1-5 ().5

*,-(.5#(5 .),ù5-#(5/(.#&5,(.&3955,0#-#)(5 ) 5."5!(/-5,-#&((65 ),',&35#(5.,*.2#65 has placed it in Cerionidae and made it the second

!(/-5#(5."5 '#&35-#-5,#)(5B&0),5 et al., -/'#..C85",5,5.1)5,-#&((5-*#-5#(5 .),ù5B5."#,5)(51-5,(.&35 )/(:5&0),5

;5#')(65#(5*,*,.#)(C6585,."/-5/,365 1935 (Fig. 1A) and B. minor (Trindade, 1956) B#!85gC65/.5."5 #,-.5 )--#&5,),5) 5."5 '#&35 is a probable Cerion acherontis from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana, USA (Roth & Hartman,

THE IMPORTANCE OF ITABORAÍ BASIN (PALEOCENE) AS THE HOME TO EARLY RECORDS OF MANY PULMONATE SNAIL FAMILIES

Rodrigo Brincalepe Salvador¹ #$%&'%()*+*)(*,-)+./-0%,&+1)02, Luiz Ricardo Lopes de Simone¹ #&*$,0)34/5$6+.*2

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP)

goonC85 0(5 # 5 ,-#&((5 #-5 ().5 ."5 '#&3]-5 #,-.5,),65#.5#-5(5#(.,-.#(!5,),5)(5#.-5)1(5 ),5 .),ù5-#(5#-5 ,5 ,)'5."5 '#&3]-5,(.5 distribution, i.e., southernmost North America (islands south of Florida) and the Caribbean Islands.

CHAROPIDAE: Austrodiscus lopesi ,,#,5;5)&")65gono51-5),#!#(&&35&--# #5 -5())(.#5/.65-5."5!(/-51-5.,(- ,,5 to Charopidae (Fonseca & Thomé, 1993), so is this species. This record is the second oldest

%()1(5 ),5."5 '#&35B."5)&-.5#(!5 ,)'5."5 Cretaceous of Argentina; Morton, 1999) and .),ù]-5&)&#.35#-5-&#!".&35) 5.)5."5-.5) 5."5 '#&3]-5 ,(.5 #-.,#/.#)(5 B."5 ',#-65 .85 Helena Island, southern Africa, the Asian Pacific Islands and Oceania).

95 "5 )(&35 &/-#&##5 from Itaboraí is Clausilia magalhaesi Trindade, goki5B#!85gC655,),5.".5#-5-)'1".5,')05 ,)'5."5*,-(.5#-.,#/.#)(5) 5."5 '#&35B."5 South American species are restricted to the (),."1-.,(5*,.5) 5."5)(.#((.C85"5 '#&35

#-5%()1(5-#(5."5,.)/-5) 5/,)*5B)&'65 1976), but this is the oldest record for South America.

ELLOBIIDAE: Carychium sommeri ,,#,5 ;5 )&")65 gomg5 B#!85 gC5 #-5 ."5 )(&35

&&)##5 #(5 .),ù5 (5 #.]-5 )/.-#5 ."5 '#&3]-5 recent distribution, since there are no extant

&&)##5#(5,4#&85"5 '#&35#-5%()1(5-#(5."5 Jurassic of USA and Europe (Yen & Reeside, 1946; Solem, 1976).

95 "#-5 '#&35 -")1-5 5 2.(-#05 ,),5 #(5 .),ù65 1#."5 &')-.5 "& 5 of the basin’s fauna: Bulimulus fazendicus5/,365 1935 (Fig. 1E), B. ferreirai Palma & Brito, 1974 (Fig. 1F), B. sommeri Palma & Brito, 1974 (Fig.

1G), Itaborahia carvalhoi (Brito, 1967) (Fig. 1H), I. coelhoi (Palma & Brito, 1974) (Fig. 1I), I. lamegoi /,365goik5B#!85gC65 I. trindadeae (Ferreira &

)&")65gomgC5B#!85gC85#.#)(&&3655*)--#&5 Cyclodontina5 1-5 )/(5 ,(.&35 B&0),5 ;5 Simone, in preparation). The records are the )&-.5%()1(5 ),5."5 '#&35(5 &&51&&51#."#(5 its current distribution.

95 ",5 ,5 .1)5 planorbids in Itaboraí Biomphalaria itaboraiensis (Mezzalira, 1946) (Fig. 1L) and Vorticifex

fluminensis (Brito, 1967) (Fig. 1M), a record inside the distribution of living representatives of the '#&385&(),#5"-5(52.(-#05 )--#&5,),65 ."5)&-.5#(!5 ,)'5."5/,--#5) 53)'#(!65 USA (Yen & Reeside, 1946); although Meier- Brook (1984) considers planorbid fossils earlier than Cenozoic as doubtful.

STROPHOCHEILIDAE: Eoborus

sanctijosephi B/,365goikC5B#!85gC5#-5/,,(.&35 ."5 )(&35 -.,)*")"#&#5 -*#-5 #(5 .),ù5 (another Eoborus5 -*#-5 1-5 ,(.&35 )/(:5 Salvador & Simone, in preparation) and represents ."5 '#&3]-5)&-.5,),5.)!.",51#."5 Eoborus charruanus, a species from the Paleocene of ,/!/350,35-#'#&,5 to E. sanctijosephi (Martínez et al 865goomC85"-5,),-5 &&51#."#(5."5 '#&3]-5 recent distribution.

95 "5 )(&35 /,))*.#5

%()1(5#(5 .),ù5#-5Brachypodella britoi Ferreira

;5 )&")65 gomg5 B#!85 gC65 ")10,5 ."5 )&-.5 ,),-5 ) 5 ."5 '#&35 )'5 ,)'5 ."5 **,5 Cretaceous of Canada and Mexico (Tozer, 1956;

Perrilliat et al., 2000). Still, B. britoi is a record far 135 ,)'5.".5) 5,(.5/,))*.#-5B-)/.",(')-.5 North America, Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and northernmost South America).

VERTIGINIDAE: Vertigo mezzalirai Ferreira & Coelho, 1971 (Fig. 1P). Vertiginidae

"-5 5 1),&1#5 #-.,#/.#)(5 (5 ,(.5 -*#-5 )/,5 #(5 ,4#&85"5 '#&35 #-5 %()1(5 -#(5 ."5 Cretaceous of Japan (Isaji, 1976), but this is the oldest record for South America.

CONCLUSION

The oldest fossil records of the families Orthalicidae and Strophocheilidae comes from the limestones of Itaboraí Basin. Cerionidae, Clausiliidae, Ellobiidae, Urocoptidae do not have living representatives reaching so far south in South America as Rio de Janeiro. Moreover the records of Charopidae, Clausiliidae, Cerionidae, Urocoptidae and Vertiginidae are among the )&-.5 %()1(5 #(5 ."5 1),&85 )(-#,#(!5 -/"5 5 vast and diverse record of pulmonates in Itaboraí,

#.5#-5-.,(!5.".5."#-5 /(5#-5().51&&5%()1(5(5

#.5#-50(5#!(),5#(5-)'51),%-5&#(!51#."5."5 )--#&5,),5) 5."50,35 '#&#-5*,-(.5#(5 .),ù85

"5-#(]-5 )--#&5,),5#-5,#"5()/!"5.)5(-1,5

'(35+/-.#)(-5) 5')&&/-(5*&)#)!)!,*"35 (5-3-.'.#-8

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B/,--#C5 ) 5 /&..5 )/(.365 3)'#(!85

)/,(&5) 5&)(.)&)!35hfBgC95kh@kn8

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