Description of a second species of Angucephala DeLong & Freytag (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae: Gyponini)

RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)285–289

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REVISTA

BRASILEIRA

DE

Entomologia

Systematics,

Morphology

and

Biogeography

Description

of

a

second

species

of

Angucephala

DeLong

&

Freytag

(Hemiptera:

Cicadellidae:

Iassinae:

Gyponini)

Clayton

Corrêa

Gonc¸

alves

_,

_Daniela

_Maeda

_Takiya

_,

_Gabriel

_Mejdalani

a_{LaboratóriodeEntomologia,DepartamentodeZoologia,UniversidadeFederaldoRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,RJ,Brazil} b_{DepartamentodeEntomologia,MuseuNacional,UniversidadeFederaldoRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,RJ,Brazil} c_{BolsistaCAPES,ProgramadePós-graduac¸ãoemZoologia,MuseuNacional,UniversidadeFederaldoRiodeJaneiro,RJ,Brazil}

a

r

t

i

c

l

e

i

n

f

o

Received30May2015 Accepted14August2015 Availableonline29August2015 AssociateEditor:RodrigoB.Gonc¸alves Keywords: Leafhopper Morphology Neotropicalregion Taxonomy

a

b

s

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AsecondspeciesofAngucephalaDeLong&Freytag,1975isdescribedandillustratedfromEcuador,A. freytagisp.nov.(NapoProvince).Thisspeciescanbedistinguishedfromthetypespecies(A.mellana DeLong&Freytag,1975)mainlybyfeaturesofthemalepygoferandstyles.Aredescriptionofthegenus andillustrationsofthetypespeciesarealsoprovided.

©2015SociedadeBrasileiradeEntomologia.PublishedbyElsevierEditoraLtda.Thisisanopen accessarticleundertheCCBY-NC-NDlicense(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Introduction

Gyponiniisthelargesttribeoftheleafhoppersubfamily Iassi-nae, comprising 1369valid species in 60 genera(C. Gonc¸alves, unpublisheddata),allrestrictedtotheAmericas.Approximately 21%ofgenerainthetribearemonotypic,butstudyofhundredsof recentlycollectedspecimensfromSouthAmericahasuncovered alargenumberofundescribedspecies,includingmanyspeciesof previouslymonotypicgenera.Thesespecieshavebeendescribed inrecentpapers,whereredescriptionsandnewdiagnosesofthese generaareprovided(e.g.,Gonc¸alvesetal.,2013,2014;Domahovski etal.,2014).

AngucephalaDeLong&Freytagisanothermonotypic Neotrop-icalgenus,which includes A. mellanaDeLong &Freytag,and is described based ontwo male and four femalespecimens from Honduras, Colombia, and Venezuela (DeLong & Freytag, 1975). According tothe authors, Angucephala is similar to Chloronana DeLong&Freytag inoverall size and colourationand to Prairi-anaBallinthemalegenitalia.Inthispaper,A.freytagisp.nov.is describedfromNapo(Ecuador)andillustrationsofthetypespecies ofAngucephalaareprovidedforcomparison.Additionally,anew diagnosisandredescriptionofthegenusareprovided.

∗ Correspondingauthor.

E-mail:clayton.correa.goncalves@gmail.com(C.C.Gonc¸alves).

Materialandmethods

For the analysisof thegenital structures, theabdomen was removed and placed in hot 10% KOH, following Oman (1949). Terminalia were washed for 5–10min in hot water, placed on a concave slide withglycerin for examination and preparation ofphotographs, andstored ina smallvialwithglycerinpinned belowthespecimen.Photographsweretakenwithadigitalcamera attachedtoLeicaandOlympusstereomicroscopesandcombined withtheimagestackingsoftwareCombineZP.Morphological termi-nologyfollowsmainlyDietrich(2005),exceptfortheheadsclerites (Hamilton,1981;Mejdalani, 1998)and legchaetotaxy (Rakitov, 1997).Theholotypeof thenewspecies is depositedat Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito (EPCN) and additional comparative materialisdepositedatAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,New York(AMNH).

Taxonomy

AngucephalaDeLong&Freytag,1975 Figs.1–23

Angucephala DeLong & Freytag, 1975: 111, Figs. 5–9. Type species:AngucephalamellanaDeLong&Freytag,1975,byoriginal designationandmonotypy.

Diagnosis: Body (Figs. 18, 19, 21, 22) slightly flattened dorsoventrally;transitioncrown-face(Figs.19,22)distinct,thick; antennalledges(Figs.20,23),infrontalview,carinateandoblique; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.07.009

0085-5626/© 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Figs.1–9.Angucephalafreytagisp.nov.,maleholotype.1.Rightforewing.2.SterniteVIII,ventralview.3.Pygofer,analtube,valve,andsubgenitalplate,lateralview.4.Right subgenitalplate,ventralview.5.Rightstyle,lateralview.6.Connectiveandstyles,dorsalview.7.Aedeagus,lateralview.8.Aedeagus,caudalview.9.Aedeagus,dorsalview.

forewings(Figs.1,10)withoutextracrossveins;hind legswith femoralsetalformula2-2-1;malesterniteVIII(Figs.2,11)slightly longerthanwide;pygoferlobes(Figs.3,12)longerthanhigh;with pairofshortfinger-likeinnerdorsalbasal processes;subgenital plates(Figs.3,4,12,13)ligulate,ventralsurfacenearouter mar-gincoveredbyverylonghair-likesetae;connective(Figs.6,15) Y-shaped;styles(Figs.5,6,14,15)withasharptoothprojecting ventrallyonapicalthird;aedeagus(Figs.7–9,16,17)atriumwith pairoffalciformprocesses,notextendingtoapexofshaft;apexof shaftwithapairoflaterallobedprocessesdirectedventrally.

Redescription: Males: total length 12.5–13.2mm; female: 13.0mm.Body(Figs.18,19,21, 22)slightly flattened dorsoven-trally,indorsalviewwithforewingsfusiform.

Crown (Figs. 18, 21) moderately produced, median length approximatelytwo-thirdsofinteroculardistance,narrowerthan pronotum;transocularwidthapproximatelytwo-thirdsof maxi-mumpronotumwidth;anteriormarginbroadlyroundedorslightly

trilobed;slightlydepressedlaterally;surfacewithobliquelateral striaebetweenocellusandadjacentcompoundeye,and longitu-dinalstriaebetweenocelli.Ocellilarge,closertoposteriorthan anteriormargin andcloser tomidlinethan adjacentcompound eye.Coronalsuturedistinctatposteriorhalfofcrown.Transition crown-face(Figs.19,22)distinct,thick,notfoliaceous,withthree transversecarinae.Frons(Figs.20,23)moderatelyinflated;lateral marginsslightlyarched.Frontogenalsuturessurpassingantennal ledgesand reachinganteriormarginofcrown. Antennalledges, infrontalview,carinateandoblique.Epistomalsutureindistinct. Clypeus(Figs.20, 23)slightly inflated; lateralmargins approxi-matelyparallel.Genaewithlateralmarginsbelowcompoundeye slightlyconvex.

Pronotum(Figs.18,21)withanteriormarginbroadlyrounded; posteriormarginconcavemesally;surfacewithtransversestriae distributed on posterior two-thirds and small punctures scat-tered at disc; in lateral view (Figs. 19, 22), slightly declivous.

C.C.Gonc¸alvesetal./RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)285–289 287

Figs.10–17.AngucephalamellanaDeLong&Freytag,1975,maleholotype.10.Rightforewing.11.SterniteVIII,ventralview.12.Pygofer,valve,andsubgenitalplate,lateral

view.13.Rightsubgenitalplate,ventralview.14.Rightstyle,lateralview.15.Connectiveandstyle,dorsalview.16.Aedeagus,lateralview.17.Aedeagus,caudalview.

Scutellum(Figs.18,21)slightlyinflated,surfacetransversally stri-ated.Forewings(Figs.1,10)withR1present,andwiththreeclosed

anteapicalcells,withoutextracrossveins;crossveinsm-cu2 pos-teriortobifurcationofM;appendixpresentandnarrow.Foreleg femorawithAD,AM,and PDrowsreducedand poorlydefined, withexceptionofapicalsetaeAD1,AM1andPD1;AVandPVrows

formedbyfewand sparsesetae,AV rowrestrictedtoproximal halfandPDrowrestrictedtodistalhalfoffemur;ICrowformed byslightlyarchedcomboffinesetae,beginningatdistalhalfof femurandextendingtoAM1;tibiaewithoutintercalaryrow.Hind

legswithfemoralsetalformula2-2-1,tibialPDrowwith approxi-matelytwiceasmanycucullatesetaeasAD;ADwithoutintercalary setae;basaltarsomereaslongascombinedlengthoftwodistal tarsomeres.

MalesterniteVIII(Figs.2,11)slightlylongerthanwide;lateral marginsconvergingposteriorly;posteriormarginbroadlyrounded ormesallyemarginate.Pygoferlobes(Figs.3,12)longerthanhigh; withpairof shortfinger-likeinner dorsal basal processes; sur-facewithmacrosetaeatapicalthirdandhair-likesetaeatmedian third;ventralmarginangulateorwithconspicuousroundedlobe

at basal half. Subgenitalplates (Figs. 3,4, 12, 13)shorter than pygofer;ligulate;approximatelythreetimeslongerthanmaximum width;ventralsurfacenearoutermargincoveredbyverylong hair-likesetae.Connective(Figs.6,15)Y-shaped;dorsalkeelpresent; articulatedwithaedeagus.Styles(Figs.5,6,14,15)elongated;in lateralview,withasharptoothprojectingventrallyonapicalthird. Aedeagus(Figs.7–9,16,17)withdorsalapodemesveryshort;shaft elongated;curveddorsallyatbaseandthentubularandstraight; atriumwithpairoffalciformprocesses,notextendingtoapexof shaft;apexofshaftwithapairoflaterallobedprocessesdirected ventrally.

Colour:Body (Figs. 18, 19, 21, 22)withground colour pale yellowandventerofthoraxmostlyblack.Crown,pronotumand mesonotumyellow,unmarked.Face(Figs.20,23)withpale yel-lowdorsalthirdandblackventraltwo-thirds;withpairofspots ondorsalangleofloraandmiddleofgenae,paleyellow;another pairofbrightwhitespotsatapexofmaxillaryplates.Forewings (Figs.1,10)yellow;eighttoten,usuallysubtriangular,black macu-laealongcostalmargin,theoneoverR1moreelongatedthanothers,

Figs.18–23.Angucephalafreytagisp.nov.,maleholotype.18.Habitusdorsal.19.Habituslateral.20.Head,frontalview.AngucephalamellanaDeLong&Freytag,1975,male holotype.21.Habitusdorsal.22.Habituslateral.23.Head,frontalview.

blackapices;twotranscommissuralobliqueblackstripes,longer one atmidlength of clavusand smaller one at apex of clavus; severalverysmallblackspotsonanteapicalandapicalcells.Hind wings greyish-white. Legs mostly black, with yellow apices of femoraandbasesoftibiae.

Distribution:Colombia (Cauca Department); Ecuador (Napo Province);Honduras;andVenezuela(CaraboboState).

Notes: According to DeLong & Freytag (1975), Angucephala resembles Chloronana in overall size and colour, but differs in not beingstrongly flattened dorsoventrally (Figs. 19, 22), head notstronglyproducedanteriorly(Figs.18,21),forewingswithout supernumerary crossveins, and having the genital structures similartoPrairiana.However,severalothergenera ofGyponini sharethesecharacteristics.Untilaformalphylogeneticanalysisis

conducted,therelationshipofAngucephalatoothergeneraremains unknown.Nevertheless, Angucephala canbedistinguishedfrom othergenerabythediagnosticcharacteristicsgivenabove.

Angucephalafreytagisp.nov. (Figs.1–9,18–20)

Diagnosis:MalesterniteVIII(Fig.2)posteriormarginmesally emarginate;pygofer(Fig.3)withventrobasallobeandapexbroadly rounded;styles(Fig.5),inlateralview,withapexfoot-like,with dorsalpointedtoeandangledventralheel;aedeagalshaft(Fig.7), inlateralview,broad.

Description:Male:totallength13.2mm.

Maleterminalia:Sternite VIII(Fig.2)posteriormargin with a medianemargination,formingtwo smalllobes.Pygofer lobes

C.C.Gonc¸alvesetal./RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)285–289 289

(Fig.3)withventralmarginwithaconspicuousroundedlobeat basalhalf;innersurfacewithfinger-shapedprocessarising dor-sally,nearbaseof anal tube,extendingventrally;pygoferapex broadlyrounded.Valvelaterallyfusedtopygofer,approximately threetimeswiderthanlong;posteriormarginwithaslightmedian reentrance.Subgenitalplates(Figs.3,4)lesssclerotizedmedially; apexrounded,withoutsetae.Connective(Fig.6)aboutone-fourth ofthelengthofstyleapophysis.Styles(Figs.5,6)elongate;withtuft ofsetaeatmedianthirdofouterlateralmargin;preapicalportion, afterventraltooth,short,apex,inlateralview,foot-like,with dor-salpointedtoeandangledventralheel.Aedeagus(Figs.7–9)with shaft,inlateralview,broad;apicallobedprocessessubquadrate withventralmarginserrated.

Female:unknown.

Etymology:This species is named after Dr. PaulH. Freytag (EntomologyDepartment,UniversityofKentucky)inrecognition ofhisgreatcontributionstoleafhoppertaxonomy.

Holotype:ECUADOR:Napo:YanayacuBiologicalStation,5km SWCosanga,2100mslm,Jan19 2009,S0◦35.967\W78◦53.419, Hgvaporlight,GeertGoemans,DNAvoucherDZRJENT2420,male (EPCN).

Notes:Angucephalafreytagisp.nov.isverysimilartoA. mel-lana.However,thenewspecies maybedifferentiatedfromthe latter by the following characteristics: (1) posterior margin of malesterniteVIIIwithamedianemargination(Fig.2),inA. mel-lanatheposteriormarginisbroadlyrounded (Fig.11);(2)male pygofer,inlateralview,slightlynarrowedatapicalthirdandapex broadly rounded (Fig.3), in A. mellana the apicalthird is nar-rowedandapex isacute (Fig.12);(3)style withapicalportion short and apex foot-shaped (Figs. 5, 6), in A. mellana the api-calportionislongandapexpointed(Figs.14,15);and(4)shaft ofaedeagus,inlateralview,broad(Fig.7),inA. mellananarrow (Fig.16).

Additionalmaterialstudied

Angucephala mellanaDeLong&Freytag(Figs. 10–17,21–23):

HONDURAS:1940,W.VonRagen,maleholotype(AMNH).

Conflictofinterest

Theauthorsdeclarenoconflictsofinterest. Acknowledgements

G.Goemans(UniversityofConnecticut)andC.Dietrich(Illinois NaturalHistorySurvey)madeavailabletoustheholotypeofthe newspecies.TheholotypeofA.mellanawaskindlyloanedbyR.T. SchuhandR.Salas(AMNH)duringCCG’ssandwichinternshipatC. Dietrich’slabfundedbyCoordenac¸ãodeAperfeic¸oamentode Pes-soaldeNívelSuperior(CAPES,PVEA019-2013).CCGissupported byadoctoralfellowshipfromCAPESandGMandDMTareresearch productivityfellowsfromConselhoNacionaldeDesenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, processes 303627/2014-0 and 306897/2014-8).ThisstudywasalsosupportedbyaPROTAXgrant toDMT(CNPq,process562.303/2010-3).

References

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Dietrich,C.H.,2005.KeystothefamiliesofCicadomorphaandsubfamiliesandtribes ofCicadellidae(Hemiptera:Auchenorrhyncha).Fla.Entomol.88,502–517. Domahovski,A.C.,Gonc¸alves,C.C.,Takiya,D.M.,Cavichioli,R.R.,2014.Sevennew

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Gonc¸alves,C.C.,Takiya,D.M.,Mejdalani,G.,2013.AnewspeciesofAlaponaDeLong (Hemiptera:Cicadellidae:Gyponini)fromAmazonasState,NorthernBrazil. Zootaxa3681,187–191.

Gonc¸alves,C.C.,Takiya,D.M.,Mejdalani,G.,2014.TwonewspeciesofPlatypona DeLong(Hemiptera:Cicadellidae:Iassinae:Gyponini)fromPeruandkeytothe speciesofthegenus.Zootaxa3811,359–366.

Hamilton,K.G.A.,1981.Morphologyandevolutionoftherhynchotanhead(Insecta: HemipteraHomoptera).Can.Entomol.113,953–974.

Mejdalani,G.,1998.MorfologiaexternadosCicadellinae(Homoptera, Cicadelli-dae):comparac¸ãoentreVersigonaliaruficauda(Walker)(Cicadellini)eTretogonia cribrataMelichar(Proconiini),comnotassobreoutrasespécieseanáliseda terminologia.RevtaBrasil.Zool.15,451–544.

Oman,P.W.,1949.TheNearcticleafhoppers(Homoptera:Cicadellidae).Ageneric classificationandchecklist.Mem.Entomol.Soc.Wash.3,1–253.

Rakitov,R.A.,1997.Ondifferentiationofcicadellidlegchaetotaxy(Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha:Membracoidea).Russ.Entomol.J.6,7–27.