A contribution to the study of the association quercetum montanum Čer. et Jov. 1953. in north-east Serbia

fflACHHK WYMAPCI{0f cI>AKYflTETA,I;EOrPAP;,?003,

6p.

87,CTp. 197-210 BIBLIO:0353-4537, (2003),87, P 197-210

3aropKa TOMun U OK:630* 188: 582.632.2

0PI1HIHaJlHI1 HaYlJHI1 pan

llPMJIOr l103HABAlbY ACOl(MJAl(MJE

QUERCETUM

MON-TANUM

Cer.

et

Jov. 1953. Y CEBEPOMCTOqHOJ CPIiMJM

11380JJ.:Ypaayce ofipahy]« acounjauajaQuercetum montanumCer. et.JOY.1953.

Yceaepoucro-moj Cpfinja.Jl,e<jJl1Imrny ce CTaHI11J1HI1 yC!lOBI1,rpaha11 (!J!I0PI1CTl1lf-KI1 cacraa 11 113,UBajajy, na OCIIOBY pa3!1I1Ka y 3eMJhl1IllTl1Ma 11,UI1<jJepeHUl1jamll1x up-CTa,4 cyfiacouajanaje: ornetosum, pauperum, typicum 11tilietosum.

Kn.y-mepe-m: xpacr KI1T1haK, acouajauaja, cyfiacouajauaja, cenepoacro-ma

Cpfiaja

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATION

QUERCE-TUM MONTANUMCer. etJOY.1953. IN NORTH-EAST SERBIA

Abstract: The association Quercetum montanum Cer. et .TOY. 1953 in north-east Serbia is researched. Its site conditions, structure and floristic composition are de-fined and four subassoeiations are designated based on the differences in soils and differential species: ornetosum, pauperum, typicum and tilietosum.

Key words: sessile oak; association; subassociation; north-east Serbia

1.

YBO,IJ;

Ilonpy-tjeCCBCpOI1CTO'IHC Cp611jc O)l,JlI1KyjCceBCOMa CnCl\l1Cpl1'IHOM BCrCTal\HjoM, YCJlOBJbCHOM yJlTpaKOHTpacTHoM KJlHMOM 11 BCJlI1KOMsynupanourhy repena. Hajsmnu sp-XOBI1nnauanajC).I.Banpenase1000mHa).l.MOpCKC BHCHHC,ann cy Ham611 BCJlHKI1, MHOro-6pOjHC ).I.OJlI1HC CTpMO YCC'ICHC, a MI1KpOKJlI1MaTCKC pa3JlHKC OCOjHHX Hnpncojnnx

crpa-na orpouue.

Y 6p).l.CKOM ).I.CJly

osor nonpysja

(Ha).l.M. BI1CI1HC OKO 400-800m),I1CKJbY'II1BO na CI1JlI1KaTHI1M CTCHaMa, najsehe nOBpWI1HC 3ay311Majy 6p).l.CKC WyMC 6yKBC na CCBCp-HHM H MOHO).l.OMHHaHTHC WyMC KI1TtbaKa

na

jY)\(HI1M CKCII0311l\l1jaMa. ITpCJla3HC

rtonozca-je,).I.OJlI1HC HumpoxenJlaTOC 3aY3HMajy wyMC 6YKBc-KHTthaKa 11 KHTlhaKa-rpa6a,xao sa-jC).I.HI1l\C umpeCKOJIOWKC aMIIJlI1Ty).l.C. WyMC KI1TlhaKa,najtiorseｉｉｰｉＱｊｬ｡ｲｏｾｃｈ｣ aa CKCTpC-MIIC CTaHI1WHC YCJlOBC, OCHM CTpMI1X, TOnJlI1Xnaznnra,3ay3HMajyraxoheH yCKC xprrrose

rpefieaa

11

maanue.

ACOlJ,HjaUMja

Quercetum montanum

Cer.et Jov.1953.y MCTOqHOj Cp6WjM Y BeJIH-KOj MepH ce pa3JIMKYje on KHTlbaKOBHX IlIyMa y cpemsoj Eapona,na -rax H on OHMX Y Xp-narcxoj 11sehera neny Eocne,TaKO na je BpJIO pauo npHByKJIa naaosy

nay-nnrxa,

rIPBH nyr je onacana (JOBaHOBHn, 1948)Hayropasoaaua(qeplbaBcKH, JOBaHoBHn, 1950)6aIll yceaepoucrounoj Cp6HjH, aaMajnaanesxoj ,ll.OMeHH.Kacnnjeje sajenaaua nerarsanjenpoyseaaon BMille ayropa ua pa3HHM JIOKaJIHTeTHMa HCTOqHeCpfiaje:na Cy-BOj nJIaHHHH (J 0 Ba a 0 B

ah ,

1953; 1980.);

Crapoj

nJIaHHHH (M HIII Hn

et al.,

1978), ):(e-JIH-JoBaHY H KpajHHH (KaJI HHnh ,M HIII ah , ):(HH uh , 1984);y hepnarrcxoa nonpysjy (MHIlIHn, 1967),aaMnposyM QpHOM Bpxy (fJIMIlIMn, 1976)Hnpyru,

Harepecaarnoje na M3BopHa acounjaunja, naMajnannesxoj,ll.OMeHM, HMje nera-JbHMje aHaJIMTMqKO-CTaTMCTMqKM oopahena H npesenroaana

onrosapajyhaa

dnrroneno-JIOIllKMM Ta6eJIaMa.

Crora

ce y OBOM pany npuxasyjy pe3yJITaTM acrpaacnaau,a aco-lJ,HjaUMje

Quercetum montanum

Cer.

et Jov.1953.ca ):(oMeHe Mjour HeKOJIMKO JIOKaJIMTe-Ta y Haj6JIM)I(oj OKOJIMHM.

2. 06JEKAT

ｈｃｔｐａｾｈｂａｉｨａＬ

MATEPHJAJI H

ｍｅｔｏｾ

Kao M3BOPHH MaTepMjaJI aa pan nOCJIy)l(MJIO je ysynao46<pMTOlJ,eHOJIOIllKMX CHM-MaKa H3 1987M1988.ronnne, ca5JIOKaJIHTeTa: 19caMajnaanesxe,ll.OMeHe;7ca nonpy-qja IlIyMcKe cexuajeMajnannexC>KeJIe3HMK, PaBHa pexa H TO,ll.0pOBa pexa);20 M3 IIIYM-CKe cexunje ):(OIbM MMJIaHOBau

I'J

,,3JIaTMlJ,a".

On

CHMMaKa je <popMMpaHa KJIaCHqHa (no MeTO,ll.H

Bpayn-Bnanxea)

<pHTOlJ,eHOJIO-IlIKa Ta6eJIa, y OKBHpy xoje cy mzmojeae caojcrsene H ,ll.M<pepeHUHjaJIHe BpCTe H ,ll.e<pH-HI1CaHe cytiacouajannje. 360r npeBeJIMKOr 6poja CHMMaKa, Ta6eJIa He 6H 6HJIa npernezura y HHTerpaJIHOM 06JIHKY, re je crora npnxaaana y Ca)l(eTKY. HaHMe,y npanosseaoj Ta6eJIH cy ,ll.aTM CTeneHM npHcyTHocTM M npOCeqHe Bpe,ll.HOCTH 3a OCTaJIe aHaJIMTMqKO-CTa-THCTHtlKe eJIeMeHTe (y unnexcy sa fipojaocr-noxpoaaocr H 3,ll.pY)l(eHocT) caao sa 36HpHO rrocnarpane cyoacouajauaje H eKOJIOiliKe aapajaare, a HeMa rtonataxasa nojeaaaaane <pHTOlJ,eHOJIOiliKe CHHMKe.

3. PE3YJITATH

ｈｃｔｐａｾｈｂａｉｨａ

3.1.

CTaHHmHH yeJIORH

DPHJlOfrrosuaaan.y acounjauajeQuercetum montanumCer. et Jov.1953.ycesepoacrosaojCp6HjH

MaTHqHH

cyncrpar

'1HHC,

yrnaauoa,

KHCCllC CHllHKaTHC CTCHe:

rnajc,

llIKpHJbUH,

MI1KaUHiCTH, nOHeKaLJ, aM<j)l16011HTH. 3eMJblillITa cy y

sehaua cnyuajeaa

LJ,I1CTpwlHa H

pe-I)eeyrpn-macMel)a, Malhe I111Hamue cxeneruaH Pa311l1qI1THX LJ,y6HHa. CaMO y

cyoacoun-jaUl1jH ca UPHIiM

jacenoa jasrsajy

ce XyMyCHo-cl111HKaTHa 3eMJbHllITa

na rnajcy, xoja

cy

nnaha, cxenernajaHcynn.aOLJ, CMetjHX.

3.2.

Tpaha

U «}lJlOPUCTUqKU

cacran

Cacrojane

cy

perxor cxnona

H MalhHX BHCI1Ha (LJ,O OKO

20

m),

ca

anconyrnoa

LJ,O-MHHaUHjoM

xrrnsasa

y

cnpary npseha.

Y THnli'lHoj BapHjaHTI1 llIyMe y

cnpary npseha

HeManpaueca,a cTa611aiorra.axa,

yrnaaaoa

H3LJ,aHa'lKOrnopexna,

yjenaaneua

cy no

BH-CHHaMa H

npexaauava,

HCTe CTapOCTH, TaKO LJ,a

cacrojnae noncehajy na xyrrrype.

Cnpar

)I{6ylha je y pa3HHM

eapajaaraaa

ryurher IillH peher

cxnona,

yrnaanou, usrpaheaOLJ, nOLJ,MllaTKanpseha,Metjy KojliManpeonnahyje

Quercus petraea

agg. (Matt.)

Liebl. H3LJ,aHa'lKOrnopexna.OCHM KI1TlhaKa,janrsajyce jouiH:

Fraxinus ornus

L.,

Acer

campestre

L.,

Pyrus pyraster

Burg.,

Malus silvestris

Mill.,

Crataegus monogyna

Jack.,

Cornus mas

L.11 LJ,pyre LJ,pBeHaCTe

spcre.

Ilpmeana dmopa je,

360r

perxor cxnona

BHWHX

cnparoaa, spno

6yjHa H

nennxe

nOKpOBHOCTI1. Y3 nOLJ,M11aLJ,aK LJ,pBeHaCTI1X, OBLJ,e ce HaJ1a3e53

sersacre

6HJbKe 111

Maxo-BHHa, a

najsehe yseurhe

I1Majy

rpase

113 epaMI111l1je Poaceaea H BpCTe Wl1pOKe eKOllOWKe

awnmrryne. Ilocvarpajyhn yxynaueKOllOWKII CI1eKTap,nanay OqHnennxo yveurhe xce-podnrra11 nHOHl1pCKIiX BpCTa, LJ,OK Me30epHTe CKOpO rrornyno usocrajy,OCIiM y

cy6aco-Ul1jaUl1jl1 ca 6ellOM 11l1nOM, me cyyrnaanouH LJ,l1epepeHUHjaJ1He BpCTe.

Y qll1ToueHollowKoj rafienn aafienexeuoje

yxynno

76apcra, IUTOnpencrann,a

saamo

epllOPI1CTI1'1KO 60raTcTBo,

nororosy

KaLJ,a ce Y3Me y 06311P

usocrajan.e

113BeCHOr

6poja

spcra

ca MaJ1HM CTerreHOM

npacyrnocra

360r Ca)l{l1Malha epliToueHollowKe

rafiene,

Kao CKllOHe

spcre,

ca

penarnaao

HI1CKHM CTeneHOM KapaKTep"CTlqHOCTH, MOry ce

1i3LJ,-BOjl1TI1cnenehe:

Quercus petraea

agg. (Matt.) Liebl.,

Fraxinus ornus

L.,

Rosa arvensis

Huds.,

Genista ovata

W.etK.,

Dactylis polygama

Horv.,

Festuca heterophylla

Lam.,

Festuca drymeia

Mert, et Kach.,

Poa nemoralis

L.,

Galium pseudoaristatum

Schur.,

Ga-lium schultesii

Vest.,

Calamintha vulgaris

Druce.,

Fragaria vesca

L.,

Stellaria

holos-tea

L.11

Rumex sanguineus

L.

3.3.

}KUBOTHU

cnexrpa acouujaunje

3.3.1.

Cnercrap

JKHBOTHHX 0611HKa

P - epaHepoepHTH .

Ch - xaMeepHTH .

H -XeMHKpl1nTOepHTH .

G -reodnrrn .

21

apcra

8 epcra

38 npcra

7 spcra

28% 11%

50%

9%

T - repodiaru . . . ..

1

BpCTa

1

% 8r -MaxoBHHe . . . .. 1BpcTa 1%

Cnexrap)I(HBOTHM:X 06nHKa sa ueny acounjannjy jexesraxparrro-dianeporpa'rcsor xapaxrepa, Tj. noxasyje Malbe-BHrne yofiasajene O,D.HOCe, CTHM urro je 6poj ljJaHepoljJM:Ta neurro BeOH Hero KO,D. OCTMHX MOHo,D.oMHHaHTHHX KHTlbaKOBI1X uryua, oopaheaax 0,D. CTPaHe npyrnx ayropa. Me1jyTHM, rpefia HMaTM: y BM:,D.y na je OBO nocnennua

seher

npa-cycrsa ,D.pBeHaCTHX BpCTa y Me30ljJM:nHHjHM cyoacouajauajava

tilietosum

M:

typicum,

,D.OK je y eKCTpeMHHjHM eKOnoIllKM:M ycnoaaua, y cyoacouajauajaaa

ornetosum

H

pauperum,

raj 6poj ynona MalbM: (cnera 11npcra). Cpa3MepHO BenM:KH 6poj xaMeljJHTa yxasyje aa uerroaorsae CTaHI1IllHe ycnose.YKapaKTepM:CTl1'IHOMcxyny,ysnajaehn6poj XeMHKpl1.n-TOljJHTa, ysecrayjy y CKOpO nonjenuaxoa 6pojy xaMeljJHTH

(Stel/aria holostea, Genista

ovata, Veronica teucrium)

H reodnrrn

(Galium pseudoaristatum, Galium schultesii).

3.3.2. Cnexrap apean-rnnoaa

Cpemseeeponcxu11.cyticpemseeaponcxa 25 npcra 33% EBpOa3M:jCKH, cytieapoaaajcsu M: Cy6jy)l(HOCH6I1.pCKM: 15BpCTa 19% IToHTCKM:, noHTCKo-naHOHCKHH nOHTcKo-cy6Me,D.HTepaHCKM: 13BpCTa 17%

Cy6Me,D.M:TepaHCKM: 7spcra 9%

Llapxyanonapnu . . . .. 6BpcTa 8%

Cy6aTJ1aHTCKo-cy6Me,D.HTepaHcKH 5

spcta

7%

Eanxaacxn,

anncxo-sapnarcsn H Me3M:jcKM:

5

npcra 7%

AaneKouajaehn neo cnextpa apean-runona (dinopao-reorpadrcxax eneaenara) qM:He cpemseesponcxe H cyocpemeeesporrcxe apcre(33%).AKO ce oaosr 6pojy nonajy H apyre ITO 3acTYITJbeHOCTH eapoasajcxe (19%), na 11. cyoarnaarcso-cyriaennrepaacse (7%), npOH3Hna3H na oxo60% aacryrrrseaux BpCTa HMa cpasaepno unrpoxe apeane, ITa caMHM THM H esonoruxy axnnaryny, rj. na acounjanaja HM:je ,D.OBOJbHO ,D.eljJHHHcaHa. Me-1jyTHM, CneUM:ljJHqHOCT acounjauaje aspaacaaa ce y oHOM ztpyrosr neny cnexrpa, axo ce nocaarpa y nenana. Taj npyrn neo, xoja onpaxaaa ljJnopHo-reorpaljJcKy npnnanaocr H sonrpacrnocr KJIHMaTCKHX ycnoaa, qHHe: noHTCKH, nOHTCKO-naHOHCKH H nonrcxo-cyfi-Me,D.HTepaHCKH ca 17%; cy6Me,D.HTepaHCKM: ca9%; UHpKyMnonapHH ca8%; 6anKaHcKH, cy66anKaHcKH, anncxo-sapnarcxa H Me3M:jcKH ca7%, urro je YKYnHo41%. GBHX 40% BpCTanornphyjyCneUM:ljJHqHH xapaxrep MoHO,D.OMHHaHTHHX KHTlf:,aKOBHX tnyua cesepo-HCTOqHeCpfmje. HcroapesrenoHXHecyMlbHBo H3,D.Baja H3 KoMnneKca 3HaTHo Me30ljJHn-HHjHX cpemseeaponcxax H HnHpcKHX KHTlbaKOBHX urysra, cspcranax y cBe3Y

Quercion

robori- petraeae

8r.-81.1947.

3.4.

CHHTaKcoHoMHja

Ilpnnor nosaasaisy acouajauajeQuercetum montanum

Cer,

etJov. 1953.yceaepoacrosaoj Cp6njn J!:eqJHHHCalhe HH)I{HX CHHTaKCOHa y OKBHpy

aconajannje asnpmeao

je

rrpsencrae-HO na exonourxov, a TeK 3aTHM na $nopHCTH'IKOM npannany. HaHMe, npB06HTHa

)],H$e-peauajauaja

3aCHOBaHa je

aa

OCHOBy cTaHHIllHHx,

npaencrneao enadrcxax pasnaxa -

pa-3nW-lHTHX THnOBa H nO)],THnOBa 3eMJbHIllTa - y UHJbY

mnaajau.a

eKonOIllKHX

jenaaaua

(1OB

n

h et al.,1987, 1988).1l0IllTo cy ce TOM

npanaxou

jacuo H3)],BojHne

)],H$epeHUHja-nne

BpCTe, npB06HTHO )],e$HHHcaHHM eKonOIllKHM

sapajanraaa nar je panr

cyoaconaja-unja.

Y

OKBHpy

aconajaunje na osaj

HaqHH

asnaojena

cy

4

HH)l{a CHHTaKCOHa -

cy6aco-nnjanaje:

ornetosum, pauperum, typicumHtilietosum.

3.4.1. Subass.

ornetosum

Cytiacouajauaja

ca UPHllM

jacenou npencranrsa najxceporepvaujy aapnjaary

KHTlhaKOBHX

uryua,

a )],H$epeHUHpaHa je

npaeacraeno

3HaTHllM yqelllheM

upnor jacena

(Fraxinus ornus)y

cnpary npseha, Ilojana

OBe

cyfiacounjauaje ycnonrsena

je

oporpadi-cxo-enarpcxa. Cacrojnne

ce

jaarsajy aa

MalhHM Ha)],MopCKHM BHCHHaMa

(ucnon

500m),

na ronnnu jyrosanannaw,

jy)l{HHM H

jyroacronaaa

eKcn0311UHjaMa H

na

nnHTKHM, CKe-neTHHM H CYBHM,

nperescuo

xyMycHo-cHnHKaTHHM

(nonexan

H cMefjHM) 3eMJbHIllTHMa.

OCHM

npacycrsa upnor jacena

y

cnpary npseha,

OBa

exonourxa sapajanra

onna-syje

ce $nopllCTH4KHM CHpOMaIllTBOM, ManOM

nospoauoiuhy cnparosa npseha

H )l{6ylha II

nsocrajan.ea seher

6poja qeCTHX

nparnnana rnnasne sajennnue

(Luzula luzuloides

Det

w.,

Chamaecytisus supinusLink., Veronica teucriumL.,Carpinus betulusL.IInp.). Kao )],ll$epeHUHjanHe

spcre asnaajajy

ceLychnis coronariaDesr. JolArabis turritaL.

3.4.2. Subass.

pauperum

OBa

cyoacouajaunja xapaxrepaure

ce y

cnpary npaeha

HCKJbyqHBOM )],OMHHa-UUjOM

xnrn.axa, ronnau excnoaanajaaa, neurro

BehuM Ha)],MopCKllM BUCllHaMa (370-520m)H Ham6HMa (20-30°). 3eMJbUillTa cy

pasaajena

)],HcTpH4Ha cMefja,

ann cxenerna,

ronna, cysa, jase

aUH)],H$HKoBaHa, 4eCTO U )],emiMH4HO

eponapana.

Cyfiacouajanaja

je

aeurro

Me30TepMHHja 0)],

nperxozme, ana

JOIll

yaex

$nopucTH-qKHcnporaaunra. Onnaxyjece qeCTHM $auujeCJolMaPoa nemoralisL.(5.5),Festuca dry-meiaMert. et Kach.

(4.4)

ll.Luzula luzuloides

D.

et

W. (4.4),

axao )],H$epeHuujanHe sp-CTe H3)],Bajajy ceLathyrus nigerBernh. HMuscispp.

3.4.3. Subass.

typicum

TJolnH4Ha

cytiacounjauaja

3aY3HMa

rpefietre, rnasune

H Tonne

excnosnuuje neurro

MalhUX Ham6a (0-20°),

aa

Ha)],MopcKUM BHCll.HaMa 360-550m.3eMJbHIllTa cy

pasaajena

nncrpmaa

Jol

eyrpasna

cMefja, ca Malhe

cxenera

Hero y

nperxonnaa cyfiacouajauujaua,

)],y60Ka OKO 50

em.

YcnparynpsehaKHTlDaK je jeaana BpCTa, ,l(OK jecnpar)l(6ylba HewTO 60raTHjH. Ty ce, OCHM H3,1(aHalJ.KHX

npauepaxa

Quercus petraea

agg. (Matt.) Liebl. ca BHCOKHM CTeneHOM rrpncyraocra, jaarsajy jour H:

Fraxinus ornus

L.,

Fagus moesiaca

(Domin, Maly) Czeczott.,

Prunus avium

L.,

Carpinus betulus

L.,

Acer campestre

L.,

Crataegus

monogyna

Jackq.,

Rosa can ina

L. Hnp.

Y

qmOpHCTHlJ.KH 60raToMcnpary npasesme <pJIope naziay OlJ.Hnoopo mpaxea,cTa6HJIaH KapaKTepHCTHlJ.HH

cxyn,

saoHnpacycrso

seher

6poja Me30<pHJIHHjHx

spcra, xoje

HHCy 6HJIe

npacyrue

y

nperxoane

,l(Be cytiacouajaunje:

Rubus hirtus

W.

et

K.,

Carex pilosa

Scop.,

Asperula odorata

L.,

Daphne

laureola

L.,

Polypodium vulgare

L.

Hnp,

3.4.4. Subass.

tilietosum

Cytiaconajannja

ca 6eJIOM JIHnOM je HajMe30<pHJIHHja

sapajanra acouajauaje,

xojacejasrsa aa,l(O,l(Hpy ca 6p,l(CKHM 6yKOBHM wyMaMa. Ha,l(MOpCKe BHCHHe cy HCTexao y THnHlJ.Hojcytiaconajauaja, eKcn03HUHjejour ynex npereaoroTOnJIe, a HarH6H MalbH. 3eMJbHWTa cy ,l(y60Ka (60-80

cm),

,l(HCTpHlJ.Ha HeyrpaxaacMelja,ystepeaoKHCeJIe peax-unje,ca MaJIOcxenera -TO cynuane najnponysrasnaja3eMJbHWTa y MOHO,l(OMHHaHTHHM KHTlbaKOBHM llIyMaMa.

Y

cnpary

npseha,

ys KHTlbaK,

xao

cy6e,l(H<pHKaTOpHjanrsajyce 6eJIa mma

(Tilia

argentea

Desf.) H KJIeH

(Acer campestre

L.). Cnpar )l(6ylba je 60raTHjH Hero y CBHM ,l(pyrHMcyoacouajauajaaaH HCTHlJ.e ce,ys pannje rrovenyreBpCTe, npacycrsouHeKIiX Me30<pHJIHIIX:

Fagus moesiaca

(Domin, Maly) Czeczott.,

Prunus avium

L.,

Carpinus

be-tulus

L. IInp.CnpaTnpmeuue<pJIope 06HJIyje Me30<pIIJIHHMspcrasta

(Glechoma

hirsu-ta

W.

etK.,

Mycelis muralis

Rchb.,

Euphorbia amygdaloides

L.,

Hypericum hirsutum

L.), 0,1( KOjHX cy HeKe II ,l(1I<pepeHUHjaJIHe:

Acer pseudoplatanus

L.,

Acer platanoides

L.,

Rus-cus hipoglossum

L.,

Mercurialis perennis

L.,

Pulmonaria ofJicinalis

L.,

Epilobium

mon-tanum

L.,

Salvia glutinosa

L.).

4. ,ll,HCKYCHJA

Hama ｈｃｔｰｾｉｉｂ｡ｬ｢｡ uanonpysjyceBepOIiCTOlJ.He Cpfinje nOTBp,l(lIJIa cy

nOCTO-jan.e 1I3BOpHe aconnjauaje

Quercetum montanum

Cer, et Jov. 1953. H n.eno ncnpasao ,l(H<pepeHUHpalbe H ayropnaaunjy (J 0 a a HOBHO, 1948, 1953, qep lb aBC KH, J OBaHO-BH0,1950).Kacuajejeneha6poj ayropa aa pa3HHM JIOKaJIHTeTHMa y Cp6HjH zteran.an-je IICTpa)l(HBaO ncry IIJIH CJIHlJ.Hy 3azteran.an-je,l(HHUY non HCTHM HMeHOM HJIH HeKHM ,l(pyrHM: M H WHO H Capa,l(HHUH (1978) aa

Crapoj

nJIaHIIHH, JOB a HOBH

0

(1980) na CyBOj nna-HHHII, J a a KOBHO II MH mHO (1980),,lJ;H HHO H Capa,l(HHUH (1998) na <l>pyWKOj Iopa, MHllIHO H Capa,l(HHUH (1982, 1983, 1984)

Y

jy)l(HOj Cp6HjH, MHWHO (1967) y

IIpl1J1or nosaaaarsy acounjanajeQuercetum montanum

Cer. et

Jov. 1953. ycesepoucrosnojCp611jl1 Maa.n 6poj panona, OCMM M3BOpHMX JOBaHoBMoa MHeptsaacxor; OAHOCM ce na Y)KenonpynjeceBepOMCTO'-IHeCpfiaje.TIPM TOMe BeOMHaayropa sanpacana I13BOpHO MMe

acounjannje,

M3ABajajYOM

cyoaconajaunje

I1JIM

sapajairre,

aJIl1 MMa M Apymx

npavepa.

Ha MMp04y MU,pHOM Bpxy rJIMIIlMO (1976) M3ABaja y OKBHpy

acouajaunje

ABe cyriacounjaunje:subass.typicumnaBI1IIlMM M subass.carpinetosum orientalisaaHM)KMM nOJIO)KajMMa.

JOBaHOBI1O (raj MO, 1985)na MajnannesxojAOMeHM M3ABaja 3cyfiacounjauaje:

luzuletosum nemorosae, festucetosum drymeiae Mcaricetosum pilosae Mjenny HOBy aconnjaunjy -

Musco-Quercetum

petraeae.

KaJI MHMO 11

capannmta

(1984)

na

.ll.eJIM-JoBaHy 11 y KpajnuaAeqlHHMIIlY 4

aco-unjauaje:

y BMIIleM rrojacy Quercetum montanum M

Poeto-Quercetum

montanum, a y HI1)KeM Orno-Quercetum petraeaeMQuercetum submontanum.

KpCT 110 (1989) Y CBOjOj AOKTOpCKOj

naceprannja

M3ABaja lIaK 5

acounjanaja,

OA KOjMx cy

nexe

y

panosana nperxonnnx ayropa rpernpane xao cytiacouajaunje:

Luzulo nemorosae-Quercetum montanum, Orysopsio-Quercetum montanum cerretosum, Festuco

heterophyllae-Quercetum

montanum, Festuco

drymeiae-Quercetum

montanum M

Carici

pilosae-Quercetum montanum.

YnopehyjyhnCI1HTaKCOHe AMcj>epeHlI,HpaHe y HaBeAeHMMpanosuva,BMAH cenace HeKM OA eAHcj>HKaTopa H AHcj>epeHlI,HjaJIHMX

spcra

(Fraxinus ornusL.,Poa nemoralisL.,

Luzula

luzuloides

D.

et

W.,

Festuca

drymeia

Mert. et Kach.)

nouasn.ajy

y BMIIle

cy6aco-nnjanaja,

4aK 11

acounjanaja,

IIlTO

nnje

y CKJIaAy ca cj>JIOpHCTMlIKHM npHHlI,MnMMa

Bpayn-bJIaHKeOBe IIlKOJIesa asnaajau,e CHHTaKCOHa. To Hac je HaBeJIOnay yzceCXBaoeHOM pe-mOHY ceBepOHCT04HeCpfinje(6e3fiepnancxeKJIHcype HCraperrJIaHMHe) Aecj>HHI1IIleMO

cave jenny,

113BOpHy

aconnjaunjy

Quercetum montanum

Cer,

et Jov.1953.

Y

OKBMpy lbe, I1pBO CMO H3BPIIlHJII1 I10AeJIy

na

eKOJIOIIlKe

sapujaare, aa

OCHOBy npl1HlI,HI1a

ycsojennx

npn

Aecj>HHMcalby eKOJIOIIlKMX jeAMHHlI,a,

rj,

y3HMajyol1 y 063Mp npBeHCTBeHO 3eMJbHIIl-'re,a 3aTHM MoporpaocxeyCJIOBe(J0 BH0 et al. 1987, 1988, 1997). TeKxacauje,

ysaaca-sajyha

cj>JIOpHCTH4Ke I1pMH1I,Hne y cj>opMl1paHoj cj>MTOll,eHOJIOIIlKoj Ta6eJIM, H3ABOjMJIH CMO AMcj>epeHlI,MjaJIHe

npcre, xoje jacno onsajajy nojennne cytiacounjauaje,

6HTHO pa3-JIHlIl1Te no CTaHHIIlHHM yCJIOBHMa,

rj.

npBo6HTHO H3ABojeHe eKOJIOIIlKe

aapajaure

Aecj>M-HHCaJIM CMOxao cytiacounjauaje.

ＵＮＳａｋｊ｢ｙｾ

Ha OCHOBy COI1CTBeHMX

acrpaxasaaa

y

cesepoacroxaoj

Cp6HjM je Aecj>MHHcaHa H OI1HCaHa

acounjauaja

Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov.1953. OBa MOHOAOMHHaHTHa myaa

xansaxa

3aY3MMa rpefiene, rnasaueM TOI1JIe eKCn03HlI,Hje y 6PACKOMnojacy,

aJI-repnapajyhn

ca 3ajeAHHlI,OMFagetum moesiacae submontanum(Rud.1949) Jov.1967.

aa

XJIaAHMjMM eKCn03HlI,MjaMa.

Acounjauaja

je AMcj>epeHlI,MpaHa

aa

4 eKOJIOIIlKe

sapajaare (cytiacouajaunje):

- subass.

ornetosum,

ca UPHI1M

jaceuou

xao JJ.l1tPepeHUl1jaJIHOM BpCTOM y cnpary

npseha,

je

najsceporepsnraja sapnjaara,

aa Malhl1M Ha,L{MOpCKHM BHCI1HaMa 11 I1JIHTKHM, CKeJIeTHHM 11 CyBHM, I1peTe)l(HO xyMyCHO-CHJIHKaTHI1M 3eMJbHlllTHMa; - subass.pauperum, tPJIOpHCTHqKH capovanma, ca tPaUHjecl1Ma

Poa

nemora-lis

L.,

Festuca drymeia

Mert. et Kach. H

Luzula luzuloides

D. et

W.

aesana je sa TOI1JIa, CKeJIeTHa,

cysa, jase

al\HJJ.l1tPHKOBaHa, 110HeKaJJ. H eponnpaaa JJ.I1CTpl1qHa cMel)a

seun.nnrra;

subass.

typicum

je tPJIOPI1CTHqKH fiorarnja, ca cTa6HJIHHM KapaKTepHCTHqHHM CKYI10M H 3HaTHHjHM yqelllneM Me30tPHTa, a HaJIa311 ce aa Tl1l1HqHHM JJ.HCTPHq-HHM H eyTpHqJJ.HCTPHq-HHM cMel)I1M 3eMJbHlllTHMa;

- subass.

tilietosum

je HajMe30tPHJIHI1ja aapajarrra, ca

ysemhev

TWa argentea

Desf.,

Carpinus betulus

L.,

Fagus moesiaca

(Domin, Maly) Czeczott. H JJ.pyrHM Me30tPHTHMa y CBa TpH cnpara, aa )J.y60KHM cMel)HM 3eMJbHlllTHMa, CKOpO 6e3 CKeJIeTa. ITpocTOpHO ce nonapyje ca 6PJJ.CKHM 6yKOBHM lIlyMaMa.

Y

paJJ.Y je JJ.OKa3aHO JJ.a ce I1pH JJ.etPHHHcafbY CI1HTaKCOHa y tPHToueHOJIOlIlKHM HC-Tpa)l(HBafbHMa, nopen tPJIOpHCTHqKHX, Mopajy y rrynoj Mepl1 YBa)l(aBaTH H eKOJIOlllKe KO-MI10HeHTe, rj. 3HaqajHHje pa3JIHKe y CTaHHlllHHM yCJIOBHMa.

JIHTEPATYPA

I'ajlin M. (1985):(/>Jlopa Majoauneuxe ooueue-llpuepeke,WOJJ. "MOMl{liJIO Ilonoaah", WyM-CKIi ornennn uerrrap Illyaapcxor !jJaKyJITeTa, JJ.e6eJIIi JIyr

I"JI Iiill IinM.(1976):lllyucsednonouenose npuepeouux jeounuua ; Mupou" U"L(pHU Bpx';

360p-HliKpanosaMHCTliTyT

aa

urysrapcraoIi,npB. liH,nyCTplijy XIII-XlV,Beorpan (75-107)

JJ. IiHIih A.,M Ii ill Iin B.,CaB Iin JJ.. (1998):The phytocoenosis of sessile oak and silver linden (Tilio tomentosae-Quercetum petraeae ass. nova) on the ridges oftheFruska

Co-ra mt.,360PHliK Maraue cprrcse sa npap, aayxe 95, HOBIi Can(71-82)

Ja a xo a ah M. Mn nr a h B. (1980): lllyucxaeezemauuja u drumoueuose (/>pyUlKe rope,

MOHO-rpatpnja, Marana cpncxa - Onen.en.e sa npaponae nayxe, HOBIiCan

JOBa HOB Iin E. (1948): Ilpunue nosnaeansy aenopodmope UlyMCKUX acouujauuja Majoaunesxe ooueue,Tonaunsa«I10Jb.-illyMap.!jJaKyJIT. 1, Beorpan(301-326)

Joe an o a a hE.(1953):006eMa dnunouenosaua UCmOIJ.He Cp6uje Quercetum montanum u Fage-to-Muscetum, 360pH. CAH XXIX, MHCT. aaeKOJIOr. Ii 6lioreorpa!jJ. CAH, Klh. 3,

Eeorpaa(1-44)

J 0aaHOB lin E.(1980):Illyucxednunouenose u cmanutuma CY6e nnauuue,fJIaCHliKIllysrapcxor

!jJaKyJITera, noc. aaaan,e, Cep. A-WYMapcTBoN2 55, Illyvapcxa !jJaKyJITeT

YHIi-aepsarerayBeorpaay, Beorpaa

JOBIi

n

H., To Mlin 3., K a e ace Blin M, Il aj e r n h a HIi H P. (1987):Seunanuma; eezemauuja u exonotuxe jeounuue Majoanneuxeooueue,Haaeurrajno npojexry 3.30.1, pysonac, Illyaapcxa!jJaKYJITeT YHliBep3liTeTa y Beorpaay, Beorpaa

JOBIih H., TOM lin 3., K He x e Blin P., Il aj e r a h aa Ii H P. (1988):3eMlbUUlma. eeeemauuja u eKOJlOUlKe jeouuuue y rJ ,,3J1amulfa", Hsaeurraj no npojexry 3.30.1., pyxonac, lllyuapcxn!jJaKyJITeT YHliBep3liTeTa y Beorpaay, Beorpaa

ITpMJIOr nosuaaarsy aCOl\Mjm.\HjeQuercetum montanumCer. et Jov.1953.y cesepoacro-raoj Cp6MjM Tara National Park "Forest Ecosystems of the National Parks". Monograf on the subject Inclusive of the Conference Report, Bajina Basta(93-96)

KanMHMn M., MMIllHnB., nMHMn A.(1984): EdarPcKD-6eZema/.fujcKe ocoiieuocmu nnauuue Ilenu-JoeauUKpajuueyceeepoucmounojCpbuju,Acta biologica Jugoslavica, Ser.

A, 3eMJbHIllTe H6HJbKa, Vol.30,ｎｾ 3,Beorpaa(215-256)

K0pan M.(1985):Illyuaxumnsaxa-Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov.ua nnaHUHU Jyxop,

llIy-MapcTBo2-3, CI1TllIHITnC, Beorpaa(13-27)

KpcT M

n

M. (1989):Hcmpancueaiee etconouuco-npouseoouux «apaxmepucmuxaKumfbaK06UX Uly-Ma U U360pnajnoeon.uujee nauuna 06Ha6lbG/bana noopynjyce6epOUCmO'IHe Cp-6uje,,nOKTOpCKa ,nMcepTal\Hja y pyxonacy, Illyvapcxa <»aKymeT YHHBep3MTeTa y

ｅ･ｯｲｰｬｬＬｬｬＬｾ Eeorpll,ll,

M HIIIMn B.(1967): Bezemauuja hepoanckoe noopyuja,3aIllTHTa rrpnpozte33,Beorpazi(167-205)

M MIIIMh B., n MHHn A., JOBa HOB Mn B.(1982): Penusmua eezemauuja y npeoeny K03apHuK-Knucypa-Ce. Hnuja y jY.JlCHOj Cp6uju, ApXMB. Bnon. nayxaｎｾ 34(1-4),Beorpan

(10-20)

MI1Illl1n B., nMHl1n A., JOBaHOBl1n B.(1983): Penusmua eezemauuja MpKOfbCKOZ euca y JY.JlCHOj Cp6uju,Maxen,AKlI,lI,. nanays, HyMeTH.,Onen.sa 6110JlOIll. MMe,nHI.\I1HC. HaYKe, ITpl1n03M IV1-2,rroc,OTMCaK, CKOnJbe(143-152)

Mmu ah B., nHHHn A., J 0 BaHOBHn B.(1984):Quercetum montanum s./at.«ao «nuuapeeuo-lIa1lHUmunuiyuejyocue Cp6uje,APXI1B Baon. aayxaｎｾ 36(1-4),Beorpan(70-80)

M HIIIHn B., n 11 H11 n A., KaJlI1 HHh M.(1985):Ilpunoz n03Ha6a1bY nopexna u eK0/.feHOIlOUlKUX «apaxmepucmuxatuyuexpacma«umteaxaumpaeePoa nemoralis (ass. Poeto-Que-rcetum montanum Jov.) y Cp6uju,Apx. EHOJlOIll. uayxa37(1-4),Beorpan(70-80)

M HIII11 n B., J0BaH0BMn - nYIh Hn P., ITon OB I1n M., E op Mc a ars e BMn Jb.,A HTMn M., nl1HMn A.,Ila ao u J., EJla)J(eH'IMn)1( (1978): EU/bHe sajeouuue u cmauutu-ma Ccmauutu-mape nnanune,Iloc,H3,n. CAllY, KIh. DXI,Onen. ITpHp.-MaT. nayxa, KIh.49,

Eeorpll,ll,

l.Je p IhaBCKMIT., JOBa HOB Mn E.(1950): Lllyucsa cmanuiama u ooeoeapajyha oenopodmopay Cp6uju, IToc. H3,n. CAHY, KIh. CLIX, HHCT. sa exon. M6110reorpa<»Mjy, Hay-rna Klhl1ra, Beorpan(1-48)

Zagorka Tomic

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATIONQUERCETUM

MON-TANUMCer. et Jov.1953.INNORTH-EAST SERBIA

Summary

The associationQuercetum montanumCer, et Jov.1953ranges in the hilly belt occupying the warm exposures, ridges and crests on siliceous acid rocks and dystric (sometimes eutric) brown soils, while the cooler exposures and valleys belong to montane beech and sessile oak-hornbeam forests. The stands are highly monodominant, with sessile oak(Quercus petraeae agg. (Matt.) Liebl.) as the only species in the tree layer and with the prevalence of xerophytes and pioneer species in the other two layers.

The association is divided into four ecological variants - subassociations - taking into ac-count the differences in soils and differential species:

Subass.ornetosumis the most xerothermic, it populates the predominantly humus-siliceous or shallow, skeletal brown soils, and the differential species are:Fraxinus ornusL.in the tree lay-er andLychnis coronariaDesr. andArabis turritaL.in the ground layer.

Subass.pauperumoccurs on skeletal, more acidified dystric brown soils, and it is charac-terised by floristic pauperity and the faciesPoa nemoralisL.,Festuca drymeiaMert. Et Kach. and Luzula luzuloides D. et W. Differential species areLathyrus nigerBernh. andMuscispp.

Subass. typicum is floristically richer, the soils are developed dystric (sometimes eutric) brown, less skeletal. Itis distinguished by a well-expressed characteristic skupom and the presence of a greater number of mesophilous species.

Subass.tilietosumis the most mesophilous variant, on deep dystric and eutric soils and with a greater number of differential species: TWa argenteaDesf. (in the tree layer),Acer pseudop/a-tanusL.,Acer platanoidesL.,Ruscus hipog/ossumL.,Mercurialis perennis L.,Pulmonaria ofjici-nalisL.,Epilobium montanumL. andSalvia g/utinosaL.

17 2-8 18-42 11-23 415-590

tilletosum

so-s-sw-w

17 9-22 20-40 0,5-6

ｖＲＮＲＺＵｾＵ

0,4-0,7 typicum 360-550

so-S-sw

7 2-6 8-19 25-37 20-32° 0,5-0,7 370-520

so-S-sw

pauperum CKeJleTUO KUCeJlO cMelje

QUERCETUM MONTANUA£er. et Jov. 1953.

5 7-20 10-40 Fuajc 0,5-0,7 380-480

so-S-sw

XyMyCUo-ornetosum

Tuajc, WKpUJhUU, Fua]c, Fuajc, WKpUJh-MUKaWUCT UJKpUJi>UU_ Iuu, aiWI!Ju6oJlU

I

.l(y60KO EyTpU'lHO U eyTpU'lHO U

ｾｕｃｔｾＺＧｬｈｏｃｍ･ｉｪＱ

ｾｕｾ［ｩ［ｈｏ

___

ｾ

__

ｾ｟｟｟｟

___1

c.njJll"l"-To--Jc-!"r."!ll!--'__

ＭｾＧｲｬＭＢ｟Ｇ｟

-0_-

-1

0,3-0,9 I

I

_II

I

3eMJhUWTe

Soil

Tafiena 1. <l>I1TolleHOJIOlliKa Ta6eJIa Table1. Phytocoenological table

Acounjauuja Association Cyfiacouajanaja Subassociation----_.._--

-lipoj CUUMaKa N!of records

f.;---ＭＭＭｾＭＭ

---Hansropcxa BUCUHa Altitude---_ __.._- - ---- ---_..

_---Excnoaana]a Expl)sll..e__ Harnfi Slope _ Ilonnora Parent rock CKJlOn Structure - - -Cpena.aBUCUHa

ａｶ･ｲ｡ｧ･ｬｴｾｧｬＺｬｴｌＱＱｬｌ _

ｃｰ･ｾｬ｢ｵ npe-nnnc

A

ＬＬｾｲ｡ｾｾｾ＼ＡｩｬｬｕｉｾｾﾷＱｾＱＱｬＱ _

Cp, pacrojaa,e 1-10

ａＢ･｟ｲ｡ｧｾＡｩｪＩ｡｣ｾｉｬＱｦｬ｟

yT2-n --- y 3 " 3 : 5 5 - + - - - -

-V

_{22 C4T}

ｾＭＭ

ｾ［Ｚ［ｦＺＺＺＺＺｾｾｾ｡ｌＺｧｧﾷｍＮＱﾷＭＭＭＭＭＭｖＫｬＺＳＵ

+ -- -'-

ＭＭｾＭｾＭＭＭＭｾＭＭＫＭ

-I+T

---1

ｴｩｴｩ｡｡ＡｅｩＯｹｴ･ｪＮＱｊ｟･ﾧｬｾ］｟｟｟ｾ］Ｍ］］ｾ

__

ＭＭ］］ｾｾ

__

ＺＺｾＭＺＭＭ

n

D 4 4

- 1

OpHJlOr rroanaaarsy acouajauajeQuercetum montanumCer. et Jov.1953.y ceaeponcrosnojCp6lijJ1

0,2-0,9

0,4-1,0

y+I'3J

\Tn-n-ｩｉｦｾｲＺＳｊ

iIf

24 4

IIfF H II+P J

.ir

r · 1,5-4,5

y+:t=n

I+r

y+.1:3T·

nr

l :n

-Iif

l:+2

··V·'·1:3.3

Iif

T 44

-I+I

i

U

ft"l=+T

... - in

I+.r:1.2 . 0,.-0,8

1-3

iif

r_{:1. 2}

i

H

iifl'l2

t

U

iIr

l_-D

0,3-1,0 ·y+:I:n

ｖＫｔＭｔｾ

V'

F2_=n

tV

2:T T ··

nt!'3'--iit

l_-T 2

Tir

F 12

1,5-3

- . . -

VI.2-34-iIf]

0,2 2-3

Tafiena 1.＼ｬ＾ｉｩｔｯｾ･ｈｏｊｉｏｬｬｩｋ｡ Ta6eJIa(nacraaax) Table1.Phytocoenological table (continue)

ＱＱｾｾｾｾｾＡ［［ＺｪｃＧ

ｉｃｾ｣ ｾｦｾＺＺＺＺｏｾｔａｎＺＺｾＧｉｊＧｉＧＺ

'::.mm

Ｑ

Ｑ［ｦ Ｚｦ ｾ Ｚ［ ｾ ｾ ｡

.

ﾷｉﾷＬｾＺＬｵｭ

..

7

I

17

1

1

17

ＱＱｾｾｾＺｾｾｃｋ｡

suenna ! 380-480 370-520 360-550 415-590.jill

ｩ｛ｅｋ｣ｮｯＳｈＱＢｕｪ｡ｬｾｾ｟ｳ｟ｳｷ

so-s-sw

so-s-sw

I

so-s-sw-w

ｬｩｾＺｾＺｾｵｲ･

·1

5-250 20-320 I 0-200 : . 0-150

I

ＱＱｾＺ［ｾＨＩｩ｡

.]1

1

. Fuajc Fuajc, WKPUJb..-u,1 Fuajc, Ir.H.a...j.c,w..KPUJb.-.1

Warent rock

I...

MUKaWUCT WKpUJb"-U..-u, aMlJJH60Jll·

I

!I

)l,y60KO I

113eMJbUWTe

I

XYMYCHo-! CKeJleTHO EYTpU'IHO U

I

eYTpU'IHO U

I!Soil

I

CUJlUKaTHO KUCeJlO cMet;e IlUCTpU'IHO cMet;1 IlUCTpU'IHO I

L

o••

=..

. ..

===. ''' . .==0···'' •....c.·.· . ' . .

］ＬＮ｣ｾｍ･ｬｩ･］Ｎ］

..

.I

IIｾｮｰ｡Ｇｦ Ｈｉｉｾ｡ｊ･ｲＩ

0,2-0,5

QUERCETUM MONTANUlI£er.et Jov. 1953.

ornetosum

5 380-480

so-s-sw

Pauperum

7 370-520

so-s-sw

20-32°

typicum

17 360-550

so-s-sw

0-20°

It"r:12

--i+1:+.2

iFI:2.2

-(+'.1:+2

---TV

I

---w

n 2 11+.2:33 11+1_-+.2

,+2:n

1iJ-F

1C_-F2

I

-. --wren

-Ii

IIi

u :n

---11+1:+2

--

---Iyr:I2---oWl

It'"

11+1

--I

U

Ilpanor nosnaaan.y aconajauajeQuercetum montanum

Cer.et

Jov. 1953.yceaeponcrosnoj Cp6wjw

415-590 360-550

so-s-sw

370-520

so-s-sw

Fuajc

380-480

ｓｯＭｓＭｓｾｉ

ＵＭＲＵﾰｬｲｈＧｾ［［［ｾＺ［Ｎｾ

XyMyCHo-CHJlHKaTHO

CKeJleTHO

KHCeJlO cMelje

111"'1:11

1+

1

, I(T:+1"

il+1

11'''1

, Iir

l

Ilf

P Z

II+T

Ir

1: U

i

f T

i+ 1' ,

'I+!'ＧＭｾＧﾭ , 'i+·1=+Z·

1+.1

in

if

1 '

1+.1-+ Z

t

l ' It1-+2

'r

l 1+ 1-+Z

I+:1

Ir

Z-4 4 '

t·

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