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î4R@? 7 ? 7 ?KQ 7 ?KJL?KUNLJÏNLR@?¿QI?9S>ðÜS>ZqQ[<\pNL= 5 ? 3>í NPR@?¿Z 3O5 S>[ J 3 [p\pN 3 UEdî4R@\<¶R RTS>J"S*U 3 U@[<\pU@?9S 7 ¶RTS 7 S>¢NP? 7 \<JNP\<|î4\ 5 NPR f , + ( K 0 ñ ò S>U 5 Q 7L3 QTS ;S NP?KJdî4\pNPRÏSU 3 U@[p\<U@?BS 7 Q@R@S>JL?&JLQI?B? 5 ;`\ml`?KUÌtì d , " ( * K F ñ¹xò n JsJb?B?KU íÆ7L3 Z NPR@?qS>t 3 l`?o?=TS NL\ 3 U@J f \<J\pUl`? 7 JL?K[pì)Q 7b3 Q 3>7 NP\ 3 UTS>[{N 3 NPR@?oS>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? 3>í NLR@? Z 365 S>[6J 3 [<\mN 3 U§E î4R@? 7 ?9S J d Å\pJÈ[<\pU@?9S 7 [pìsQ 7b3 Q 3>7 NP\ 3 UTS>[N 3 K NLR@?d\<ZoQ@[<\p9S NL\ 3 U&\pJÈNPRTS NÉNPR@?d[<S 7 ;`? 7 K E@NLR@? í S>JbNL? 7 NPR?sJ 3 [<\mN 3 U(Q 7L3 QTS ;S NP?KJ4S>U 5 NPR@?&UTS 7L7L3 îÙ? 743`7 JbNL?B?KQv? 7 NLR@?&J 3 [p\pN 3 U"\<J , MON M åRTSVU`è aTZ\_&[ X#W Z [^]Ø _^Z\a n U 3 NPR? 7 J 3 [p=NP\ 3 U"N 3 NLR@? 5= ?E=TS NP\ 3 UÂ\<Jsó ô , K 5 U V b % c d f g c ñ c V ò 0 ñ ò î4R@? 7 ?ÏNPR@?Ì\<U 5 ?Fÿ \<JoS í =@U@KNL\ 3 U 3>í NLR@?ÌU 3`7 ZqS>[<\pAB? 5 l S 7 \wS>t@[p? , % " S>U 55 U ñÈò\pJ NLR@?÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ù H S> 3 t@\³?B[<[p\<QNL\< í =U@KNL\ 3 U ,Âõ R@?qJLRTS Qv?KJ 3>í NLR@?÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ùÂJ 3 [<=NL\ 3 U S>; 7 ?B?qîÙ?B[p[ î4\mNPR(NPR@?t@S>¶ðJL9SNLNP? 7 ? 5 Q 7L3 T[<?KJdZq?BS>JL= 7 ? 5ÂíÆ7L3 Z G n|1 \pZ½S ;`?BJ&ñbó ô¯E<óxôªò ,n J NPR@?sS>t 3 l`? ?FÿQ 7 ?BJbJL\ 3 U$tI?B 3 Zo?BJØNPR@?s÷JL?B¶Rù Q 7b3 T[p? , z 7b3 Z!S 5 ì6U@S>Zq\p9S>[>Q 3 \pUN 3>í lO\<?Kî NPR@? 7 ?³S 7 ?JL\<;>U@\pTBS>UN 5 \mú§? 7 ?KU@B?KJÙtI?KNîÙ?B?KU½NPR@\pJ³S>U 5 NLR@?4Q 7 ?¢lO\ 3 =@JjNìOQv? 3>í J 3 [p=NP\ 3 U@J c , ñ ò 5 ?BJb 7 \<tI?BJhSsGOï ^ î4\mNPR S °¢¨ª¦O»> < Z 3O5 S>[J 3 [<\mN 3 UETî4R@\p¶R Q 7b3 QTS>;SNP?BJ \<UNL\<Zo?sS>U 5 JbQTS>B?$î4\pNPR 3 =N 5 ? íÆ3`7 Zq\pU@;q\mNPJ JLRTS Qv? ñÆJL?B? zÉ\p; , `E 3 UN 3 Q2ò , Uq 3 UN 7 S>JN9E c , ñ ò 5 ?KJL 7 \<tI?BJÙS&Qv? 7 NP= 7 tTS NL\ 3 Uî4\pNLR½S U½?Kl 3 [plO\pU@;$Q 7L3 T[p? ñÆJL?B?zÉ\<; , `E 3 UÜt 3 NLN 3 Z"òFE 7 ?BJL?KZ-t@[p\<U@;)NPR@?Ï?Kl 3 [<=6NP\ 3 U 3>í J 3 [p\pN 3 UQTS ¶ð>?KNLJ ,øõ R@?U=@Zutv? 7½3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 U@Jhî4\mNPR@\pUÏSoQTS ¶ð>?KN 5 ?BQI?BU 5 J 3 UÂNPR@?&l S>[<=?BJ 3>í S>U 5 ,eõ R?u\<ZoQ 3`7 NPS>U@B? 3 í NPR\<J4Q 3 \<UN î4\p[<[§tI? 5 \<JbB=@JbJL? 5 \<UÂJb?BKNL\ 3 U î4R@?BUÌQv? 7bíÆ3`7 Zq\pU@;uNLR@?sS> 3 =JbNP\p&JL\<Zu=@[wS NL\ 3 UJ , MON å*S S D ] S S W ]_D_ _ Z\a{ ÚN íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4J íÆ7b3 Z Rì 5@7L3O5 ìOUTS>Zo\< 3 =@Q@[<? 5 ?EO=@S NP\ 3 U@J íÆ3>7 R 3`7 \pA 3 UN¶S [IK= 7L7 ?BUNPJeS>U 5"5 \<JLQ[wS>K?BZo?BUN ó ôTNLRTS NjNPR@?4R 3>7 \<A 3 UN¶S>[ 3 ZoQ 3 U@?BUNPJ 3>í LT=@\ 5 l>?B[ 3 B\mNì 5 ?KQv?KU 5 [p\<U@?BS 7 [mì 3 Uol>? 7 NL\<BS>[TJ 3 [p\pN 3 U 5 \<J k Q@[<S>B?KZq?KUN , ë ?Kl`? 7 NLR@?B[p?BJLJKE íÆ7L3 Z SuN 3 Z 3 ; 7 S>Q@R@\p0Q 3 \<UN 3>í l6\p?Kî&ENLR@?|Jì6JNP?KZ 3>í Rì 57L3O5 ìOUTS>Zo\< ?EO=@S NP\ 3 U@J 5@3 ?KJeU 3 NÙQ 7L3 lO\ 5 ?0S$Q@RìOJL\p9S>[ItTS>Jb\<J íÆ3`7 ?¢ÿ6QTS>U 5 \<U@;uNLR@?4NP?BZoQI? 7 SNP= 7 ? T?K[ 5 E6S>U 5 NPR=@J NLR@?0J 3 =@U 56k JLQI?B? 5 T?B[ 5,Èõ_3 S 5@57 ?BJbJeNPR? N 3 Z 3 ; 7 S>Q@R\<4\<JbJL=@? E[<?¢N³=@J 7 ?K9S>[p[TNPR@? NPR@? 7 Z 365 ìOUTS Zq\p ?EO=@S NP\ 3 U ó ô / / ñ "! #" ò ,$ ñ&%(' $ " ò *) ' 0 ñ9yò î4R@? 7 ? "! 5 ?BU 3 NP?BJsNPR@?qJLQI?BK\pTqR@?9S NuS N$ 3 UJbN¶S UN$l 3 [p=@Zo?>E+%,'\<J&NPR@?NPR@? 7 ZqS>[j 3 U 5 =@KNL\plO\pNì>E S>U 5 ) ' 7 ?BQ 7 ?BJb?BUNPJ&S [<[ØJ 3 = 7 K?BJS>U 5 JL\pU@ðJ 3>í R@?9S N , \pU@?9S 7 \<AK\<U@;oS>U 5 J 3 [mlO\<U@;NPR@\pJ 5 \púv? 7 ?KUNP\wS [ ?EO=@S NP\ 3 U ñ¹JL?K?sNLR@?sS>Q@QI?BU 5 \mÿ@ò 3 U@? 3 tNPS>\<UJ ".-" K ñ : ò 1 " K 1;:./ " 8 0 ñ>Dò î4R@\p¶R*JLR 3 î4JNPRTS NNLR@?"l`? 7 NP\p9S>[dJN 7 =@KNL= 7 ? 3>í NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?Â\<J 7 ?K[wS NL? 5 N 3 NLR@? i ë ] 8 ñÆ\<U 3 UN 7 S JbNeî4\mNPRqR 3`7 \pA 3 UNPS>[2B= 7b7 ?BUNLJBEî4R@\p¶R 5 ?KQv?KU 5"3 U@[mì 3 U 5 hò ,Èõ R@?|R 3`7 \pA 3 UN¶S [ 5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?KU@B? 7 ?BZqS>\<U@Jq[<\pU@?9S 7 [pì 7 ?B[wSNP? 5 N 3 NPR@? l>? 7 NP\<BS>[ 5 \pJLQ@[<S>B?KZq?KUNÂS>U 5 NLR@\<J(S Q@Q 7L3 ÿ6\<ZqS NL\ 3 UÝtI?B 3 Zo?BJ [p\<U@?BS 7 î4R@?KU " K - 3 U@JbNPS>UN ,
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[<[ î4\pU@;JL?KKNL\ U N 3 =@U 5 ? 7 JN¶S>U 5 NPR@?$B= 7b7 ?KUNS>U 5 NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? í ?9SNP= 7 ?BJ íÆ3 =@U 5 \pURì 5@7L3 ; 7 S>Q@R\< 7 ?B 3`7L5 J íÆ7L3 Z NLR@?& ë õ ] nõ4cdþ` ?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN , |æ"ã äå è å õ R@?q ë õ ] nõ4cdþ` ?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \pZq?KUNÂñLó ô®Ewó©WyDôªò&Qv? 7bíÆ3`7 Zq? 55 = 7 \<U@; H =@U@? `` E ë 3`7 NPR 3 í \pJLt 3 U ñÆJL?B?&z{\<; ,j E 3 U"N 3 Q2òÙ\pUl 3 [pl>? 5 NPR? 3 [p[wS>t 3`7 SNP\ 3 U 3 í NLR@? íÆ3 [p[ 3 î4\<U@;$\<U@JNP\mNP=NL\ 3 U@JE{NLR@? g U@\ml`? 7 JL\ k 5 S 5 ? 5@3|n [<;S 7 l`?|ñ g n _r$òFE`z2S 7b3 ENLR@?hU@JNP\mNP=N 3&i \ 57L3 ; 7@8 S T 3 ñ¹ i ò¢E>\pJLt 3 UÂñÆt 3 NLR íÆ7L3 Z ^_3`7 NL= k ;S [ªò¢EDS U 5 NLR@? . ?BUN 7 ?h]Ì\p[<\mN¶S>\ 7 ? + K?9S>U 3 ; 7 S>QR@\=@? ñ¯G i|+ ] ò¢ED~ 7 ?BJN9E>z 7 S>U@K? ,_õ R@?ÙQ 7L3 ?KKN_NP?9S Z 7 ?BB?K\pl>? 5 S>[pJ 3 Jb=@Q@Q 3`7 N íÆ7L3 Z NLR@?GS>K[wS>UN g U 5 ? 7 Jb?9S 1 ?BJL?BS 7 ¶R . ?KUN 7 ?Ïñ®G n . n ë õ .hc ë ò¢EØS G6QI?BAK\wSEWÚNPS>[pì>EWî4R@\<¶R&[<?KU 5 ? 5 NLR@? ? 7 NP\<BS>[Ø\<U?9S 7n 7L7 SWìºñ¹R@? 7 ?BS í NP? 7T n ò ,Bõ R@?j?¢ÿ6Qv? 7 \pZq?KUNØîeS>J 3 U@B?K\pl>? 5 î4\mNPRºNPR? ZqS>\pU-; 3 S>[ 3>í S Q@Q@[pìO\pU@; 3 K?9S>UqS> 3 =@JbNL\<hN 3 Z 3 ; 7 S>QRì$N 3 NPR? 5 ?KNP?KKNL\ 3 UqS>U 5 \pUl>? 7 JL\ 3 U 3>í NPR@?³\<UNL? 7 U@S>[`NP\ 5 ? ,_õ R@?Ùz 7 ?BU@¶R 3 K?9S>U 3 ; 7 S>QR@\<Èl>?BJLJb?B[~ +-þ¼Yc ë õ41 c³.en G õ4cn g X N 3 îÙ? 5 S>UqS> 3 =@JbNL\<dJ 3 = 7 K?0S N y&Z 5 ?BQNLREî4R@\<¶Ro?BZo\pNbNP? 5 [p\<U@?BS 7ÉíÆ7 ?=@?BUKìoZ 3O5 =@[<S NP? 5 ¶R@\ 7 Q@J Jîe?K?BQ@\pU@; íÆ7L3 Z `y`y k x`y`y i A"î4\mNPRS Dk Jb?B 3 U 55 = 7 S NP\ 3 U , õ R@?"N 7 S>UJLZo\<JLJb\ 3 UJsîÙ? 7 ? 7 ?BQI?9SNP? 5 ?¢l`? 7 ìx Jb?B 3 U 5 JBEjNPR?BU 7 ?KB?B\ml`? 53 UÅNPR@? k Rì 5@7L3 QR 3 U@? n S>U 5 NP?K[<?KZq?¢NP? 7 ? 5 tTS ¶ð N 3 NLR@? ^_3`7 NL=@;`=@?KJL?Âl`?BJbJL?K[ ë 1 ^n ë Y1d+ ] cjY4nu,jõ R@?ÏRì 5@7b3 Q@R 3 U@?BJoîe? 7 ?Ï[ 3 9S NL? 5 S N E yE Wy S>U 5 ` Z 5 ?KQNPR , GO\<;`UTS [³N 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJb\ 3 U@Jsîe? 7 ?(QI? 7íÆ3`7 Zo? 5íÆ7b3 Z U 3`7 NPR*S>U 5 îe?KJbNQ 3 JL\mNP\ 3 U@J ñÆJL?B?ozÉ\p; ,º E 3 U t 3 NbN 3 Z½ò¢EØS [ 3 U@; 7 S>U@;>? k \pU 5 ?KQv?KU 5 ?BUN$S>U 5á7 S U@;`? kÚ5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?BUNuS> 3 =JbNP\p-N 7 S>¶ðJBE 7 ?BJLQI?B¢NP\ml`?B[mì`Eî4\pNLRq 3`7L7 ?BJbQ 3 U 5 \<U@; 5 \pJbNPS>U@B?KJ 3 í S>QQ 7L3 ÿ6\<ZqS NP?K[pì 6, S>U 5q6, ðZqJ ,Èõ R@? t 3 NbN 3 Z 3 ZqQ 7 ?BJbJL\ 3 UTS>[_JLQI?B? 5 S U 5 S NLNL?BU=TS NL\ 3 UîÙ? 7 ?º?BJNP\<ZqS NL? 5íÆ7b3 Z£ 3`7 \pU@;"Zo?9S>Jb= 7 ?KZq?KUNPJ&S>J- ` y Z½} J|S U 5 y ,½5 ~d}DîhS9l`?K[<?KU@;>NPR§E 7 ?BJbQv?KKNL\pl`?K[pì ,&Y = 7 \pU@;qNLR@?-?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \<Zo?BUNS>U¿\pUNP?BUJL\pl>?-JL= 7 l`?¢ì 3>í NLR@? 7 Zq\pJbN 3>7 E .eõ4Y E`X~ õ S>U 5on|Y&.h^Å5 SN¶SîhS>J³QI? 7bíÆ3>7 Zo? 5 U@?9S 7 NLR@? Q 3 Jb\pNP\ 3 U 3>í NPR@? n S>U 5 S N{NPR@?eJ 3 = 7 B?h[ 3 BS NP\ 3 U ,õ R@\pJS>[<[ 3 îe? 5$íÆ3`7 NPR@?hBS>[<K=@[wSNP\ 3 U 3>íIc ZoQ@\ 7 \<BS>[ +7 NPR 3 ; 3 UTS>[OzT=@U@¢NP\ 3 U@J ñÆR@? 7 ?9S í NL? 7ÙcÙ+ zÉJKE6Jb?B?0zÉ\<; , òjS>U 5"i ë ]ÌJ|ñ¹Jb?B?|z{\<; ,_ ò¢E6S>U 5 S$R@\p;`R 5 ?B; 7 ?B? 3>í 3`7L7 ?B[wSNP\ 3 UîeS>J íÆ3 =U 5 tv?¢Nîe?K?BU t 3 NPRÂJb?KNPJ 3>í_í =@U@¢NP\ 3 U@J$óWyDô , U)QTS 7 NP\<K=@[wS 7 EvNLR@?-Zo?9S>U)J 3 =@U 56k JLQI?B? 5 Q 7b3 T[p?-?¢ÿ6R@\pt@\pNLJS½NìOQ@\<BS>[ÈJL=ZqZo? 7 JbRTS>[p[ 3 î k îeS NP? 7 Q 7b3 T[p?Ùî4R@\p¶R 5 ?B 7 ?9S JL?BJÈî4\mNPR 5 ?BQNLRñÆJL?K?dzÉ\<; ,È òFE NLR@?h 3>7L7 ?KJLQ 3 U 5 \pU@;|l S>[<=?BJ 3 í NPR@? 5 \<JL 7 ?¢NP\<AK? 5 Q 7b3 T[p?(S 7 ?ÂJbR 3 î4U\pU õ S>t@[p? ,õ R@?ÂJbZ 3O3 NPR 53 î4UîeS 7L57 ? íÆ7 S>¢NP\<U;¿; 7 S 5 \<?BUN 3>í NPR?ÏQ 7L3 T[p? 3 UN 7 S JbNPJ4Jb\<;`U@\mT9S UNL[pìqî4\pNPRÂ=@Jb=TS>[ØJb¶R@?BZqS NP\pNî 3 k [wS9ì`? 747 ?BQ 7 ?BJb?BUN¶SNP\ 3 U@J , n Q 7 ?K[<\<Zo\<U@S 7 ì$JbNL?BQ"\pUoNLR@?0S UTS>[pìOJb\<J 3>í K= 7L7 ?BUNdS U 5 NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? 5 S NPSs 3 U@JL\pJbNL? 5 \pUqBS>[<K= k [<S NP\pU@;hNPR@? 5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?BU@K? 3>í f 3 U K íÆ3`7 J 3 Zq? 3>í NPR@? i ë ]ÌJdñÆJL?B? c , ñ òLò ,_õ R 3 Jb?eBS>[<K=@[wS NL\ 3 UJ 7 ?Kl`?BS>[<? 5 NLRTS NU 3 Nj?Kl>? 7 ìQ@S>\ 7 ñ 8 0 5 eòÉ\<Js÷LS>[p[ 3 îÙ? 5 ù0N 3 ;`?BU@? 7 S NL?4Z 3O5 S>[6J 3 [p\pN 3 U@J , z 3`7 `E NLR@?-¶RTS 7 S>KNL? 7 \<JbNL\<ºJ 3 [<\mN 3 UÏî4\ 5 NLR f tv?K 3 Zo?BJ 3 ZqQ[<?¢ÿvE§S>U 5 NPR@\pJ|\<ZoQ@[p\<?BJ4NPR@S N|NPR?º¶RTS 7 S k NL? 7 \pJbNL\<BJ 3 í NLR@?$GOï ^ J 5 ?KQv?KU 5Ï3 U@[pì 3 U 8 C S>U 5 5 C , õ_3½5 ?¢NP?B¢N0NLR@?$Q 7L3 QTS ;S NP\ 3 U 3>í Gï ^ J0S> 7b3 JLJ NPR@?s?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \<Zo?BUN¶S>[Jb\pNP?qñ¹S>U 53 UÌNPR?$tTS JL\<J 3>í NLR@?|Q 7 ?KlO\ 3 =J 7 ?KJL=@[mNFò 3 U@?|9S U½N¶S>ð ?&S 5 l S>UN¶S ;`? 3>í NLR@?| 3`7L7 ?B[wSNP\ 3 U½tI?KNîÙ?B?BU c³+ zÉJdS>U 5Âi ë ]ÏJBE S>U 5 9S [<B=[wS NL?sNLR@?u?KZqQ@\ 7 \p9S>[ ÷bZ 3O5 S>[<ùoS>ZoQ@[p\pNP= 5 ?BJ 3>í Rì 5@7L3 ; 7 S>QR@\< 5 S NPS íÆ3`7 NPR@?s 7 JN c³+ z , õ R 3 JL?qS>ZqQ[<\pNL= 5 ?KJ0îe? 7 ?qJL?BQ@S 7 S NL? 5 î4\pNPRáSÏ~e=NbNP? 7 î 3>7 NPRáT[pNL? 7 \pUN 3 [ 3 î k QTS JLJsS>U 5 R@\<;>R k QTS JLJ 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUNPJqî4\mNPRNPR@?ÌB=N 3 ú íÆ7 ?=@?KU@KìܶR 3 Jb?BU\<U 3`7L5 ? 7 N 33 t6N¶S>\pUÜS÷¥NP\ 5 S>[<ù)tTS>U 5 ñÆî4\mNPR QI? 7 \ 3O5 J([ 3 U;`? 7 NLRTS>U R2ò"S>U 5 SÛ÷bt@= 3 ìS U@KìOùÜt@S>U 5 ñªî4\pNLRøJbR 3`7 NP? 7 QI? 7 \ 365 J¶ò ,ÑY =?)N 3 NLR@? [ 3 î JPS>ZoQ@[<\pU@; íÆ7 ?=@?KU@Kìñ WyÌZo\<U=NL?BJPò&NPR?"?BJNP\<ZqS NL\ 3 U 3>í l`? 7 NL\<9S [ 5 \pJLQ@[<S>B?KZq?KUN íÆ7L3 Z NLR@? 7 Zq\pJbN 3>7 5 S N¶S 5 \ 5 U 3 N 7 ?KJ 3 [ml`?$NLR@?uJN 7 =@KNL= 7 ? 3>í GOï ^ J , ë ?Kl`? 7 NLR@?B[p?BJLJKE\pN4îeS>J0?Fÿ6Qv?KKNP? 5 N 3 ÷bBS>QNL= 7 ?Kù"J 3 Zo? 3 í NPR@?uJ 3 [p\pN 3 U@Jdî4\pNPR\<U SqQTS>¶ð>?¢NO\ í Q 7 ?KJL?KUN\<UÌNLR@?uR\<;`R k QTS>JbJ0 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUN , õ R@\pJ 5 S N¶SÏQ 7L3 B?KJLJL\pU@; 5 \ 5 U 3 NuQ 7L3 lO\ 5 ?qS>UìáQ@Rì6Jb\<BS>[Ù\pU íÆ3`7 Z½S NL\ 3 U)S t 3 =6NsNLR@? 5 \ 7 ?KKNL\ 3 U S>U 5 Q@R@S>JL?Âl`?K[ 3 B\pNì 3 í GOï ^ J½Jb\<U@K?ÏNLR@?ÏZq?BS>JL= 7 ?BZo?BUNPJîÙ? 7 ?ÏN¶S>ð ?BUSN½S)JL\pU@;`[p?Ï[ 3 BS NP\ 3 U ,*õ R@? 7 ?BJL=[pNPJ 3 í T[mNP? 7 \<U;ºS 7 ?JbR 3 î4U\pUÂzÉ\<; ,È, UÏS>[<[v9S>Jb?BJ6S>U 5 QTS 7 NP\pB=@[<S 7 [mìo\<U(NPR@?t 3 NbN 3 Z Q@[ 3 NLJ 3>í 7 7 7 3>7L5 7 3>í 3 3
NLR@? JN NLR ?K?&Qv?BS>ðJ \pJ ?BU NP? î4\pNLRÂS î4J¶ò¢E@î4R\<¶RÌS ?&U N \<JbN \pt@=NP? S>U Zq[mì`E6t@=N S>QQv?BS 7 N 3 tI? 7 ?BQI?9SNP? 5 S Ns?9S>¶RNL\ 5 S [KìOB[p? ,(õ R 3 Jb?½QI?9S>ðJuS 7 ?o[ 3 9S NL? 5 JL[p\<;`RNP[mì tI?BR@\pU 5 NLR@? ZqSÿ6\<ZqS 3>í NPR@?³ 3>7L7 ?KJLQ 3 U 5 \pU@;dNP\ 5 S>[` 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUN9EDî4R@\<¶R$\<J 7 ?KZ½S 7 ð>? 5 tìNLR@?l`? 7 NP\p9S>[ 5 S>JbR$[p\<U@?KJ JN¶S 7 NP\<U;S Nj?9S ¶RqQI?9S>ð þ JQ 3 JL\pNL\ 3 U-S>U 5 7b3 JLJb\<U@;NPR?d[ 3 î k QTS JLJ 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUN 3 í Z 3O5 S>[@S ZqQ@[p\pNL= 5 ? , õ R@?eQ 3 Jb\pNL\ 3 U 3>í NPR@?eJL?B 3 U 5 QI?9S>ðs\<J|÷bZq\pJLJb\<U@;`ù \<UuNLR@?hR@\p;`R k QTS>JLJ{Z 3O5 S>[OS>ZoQ@[p\pNP= 5 ? 3 í E î4R@\<¶R BS>U)tv? 5 =?-N 3 NPR?o[ 3 î'NL?BZoQ 3>7 S>[ 7 ?BJ 3 [<=6NP\ 3 U 3>í Rì 57L3 ; 7 S>Q@R@\p 5 S NPS ,-i 3 îÙ?Kl>? 7 E{\mNPJ|?FÿQI?B¢NP? 5 Q 3 JL\mNP\ 3 U(\<J4JLR 3 î4UÌN 3 ?BU@RTS U@B?sNPR@?&;`?KU@? 7 S>[ ÷LS>[<\p;`U@Zo?BUNPùºtI?KNîÙ?B?KUNPR?$J 3 [<\mN 3 UÂQI?9S>ðJ S>U 5 NLR@? 3`7L7 ?BJLQ 3 U 5 \<U@;qZ½Sÿ6\pZ½S 3>í NL\ 5 S [Ø 3 ZoQ 3 U@?BUNPJ , ^ ?9S ðOJ\pUÏNLR@?uK= 7L7 ?BUN 5 S N¶S 7 ?9S ¶R)S>ZqQ[<\pNL= 5 ?KJ =@QqN 3- y$BZ½} JBEOî4R@\<¶R(\pJeB[ 3 JL? N 3 NLR@?| 3`7L7 ?BJLQ 3 U 5 \<U@;-ZqSÿ6\<ZqS>[@l S>[p=@? 7 ?BQ 3`7 NL? 5 tì n Qv?K[ ¢¬³«> mÀ ó ô , êçoé Wå$ãWê W§ã é ³ åsãDçä W äÌè êç æ"ã`W_çoä ãBå Ãæ è å ~hS JL? 53 UNLR@? S UTS>[pìOJb\<J 3>í NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? 7 ?K 3`7b5 JqNLR@? 7 JN"JbNL?BQÝ 3 U@Jb\<JbNL? 53 UÜJb?9S 7 ¶R@\<U@; íÆ3`7 S> 3 =@JNP\< QI? 7 NL= 7 t@S NP\ 3 U@J 3>í NPR? 7 ?KB?K\pl`? 5 JL\p;`UTS>[®ENL?BZoQ 3>7 S>[p[pì- 3`7L7 ?B[<S NP? 5 î4\pNLR"S>Uì 3>í NLR@?0QI?9S>ðJ 3>í NLR@?&R@\<;`R k QTS>JbJh 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUN 3 í NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? ,õ{3 S>K 3 ZoQ@[<\pJLR"NLR@\<JhNPS>JLðqQTS 7 N 3 í NLR@?&S> 3 =@JbNL\< N 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJb\ 3 U@J íÆ7b3 Z NPR?qU 3>7 NPR J 3 = 7 B?qQ 3 JL\pNL\ 3 U¿N 3 NPR? n îeS>JuQ 7b3 K?BJbJL? 5 E 5 = 7 \<U@;ÌSÂNL\<Zo? \pUNL? 7 l>S [ 3>í f , ÏR S 7L3 =@U 5 NPR@?NPR@\ 7L5 NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?Qv?BS>ðñ¹U?9S 7 `6,/`"5 E_JL?K?½z{\<; ,o E 3 U t 3 NLN 3 Z½ò ,Èõ R@?&Q 7b3 K?BJbJL\<U;q 3 U@JL\pJbNL? 5 \<UÂ9S>[pB=@[<S NP\pU@;uNLR@? íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4\pU@; =TS>UNL\pNì\ c yj[ 3 ; C K ñ ò 0 ñ ò î4R@? 7 ? _ñ §òd 3`7L7 ?BJbQ 3 U 5 J N 3 NLR@?$Z 3 U 3 ¶R 7b3 Z½SNP\<0 3 ZoQ 3 U@?BUN S N íÆ7 ?EO=?BU@¢ì _E 3 í NPR?$z 3 = 7 \<? 7 N 7 S>U@J íÆ3`7 Z 3>í NLR@? 7 ?KB?B\ml`? 5 JL\p;`UTS>[ ñ ò ,*õ R@?=TS>UNP\mNì 5 ?K@U@? 5 tì c , ñ òuî4\<[<[Ùtv?ÂBS>[<[p? 5 íÆ3>7 ZqS>[<[mì (S>JÏ÷ 7 ?B[<S NP\ml`?uN 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJb\ 3 U [ 3 JLJbùáñ¹R@? 7 ?BS í NP? 7&1Éõ _ò ,õ R@?ºQ 7L3 B?BJbJL? 5 S> 3 =@JbNL\< 5 S N¶S 7 ?Kl`?BS>[<? 5 SÂJbRTS 7 QáQ@S NLNL? 7 U 3>í S> 3 =@JbNL\<ºQI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NP\ 3 U@JñÆU@?9S 7 `,¼>q5 EØJb?B?ozÉ\p; ,º E 3 U¿N 3 Q2ò , õ R@?eQTS NLNL? 7 U-\<J{ 3 ZoQ@[<?Fÿst@=NÉ\pN 7 ?Kl>?9S>[pJS>U-\pU@ 7 ?9S>Jb?h\<U$JL\p;`UTS>[OS>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ?eS> 7L3 JbJÈS î4\ 5 ?et@S>U 5º3>í íÆ7 ?=@?BUB\<?KJ ,jn J 7 ?BZqS 7 ð ? 5 ?9S 7 [<\p? 7 ENPR\<Jd9S UÏtI?|Jb?B?BUÌS>J4SºJ 3>7 N 3>ííÆ3 B=@Jb\<U@;º?¢ú§?KKN ,jn N S-Jb\<U@;`[p? íÆ7 ?=@?BUKì&NPR@?jQI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NP\ 3 UsQTS NLNL? 7 UuS>QQv?BS 7 JN 3 tv?jQ 363>7 [pì 7 ?KJ 3 [ml`? 5 E 5 =@?jN 3 NLR@?ÙJb=@QI? 7 Q 3 Jb\pNP\ 3 U 3>í U 3 \<JL? 3 U?BS>¶R íÆ7 ?=@?KU@Kì 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUN ,Èõ R@? 7 ? íÆ3`7 ? E6J 3 Zq?4S9l>? 7 S ;`\<U@;îeS>J³S>Q@Q@[p\<? 5 N 3&5 \púv? 7 ?BUN 1Éõ *B= 7 l`?KJ 3 l>? 7 SqNL?BZoQ 3>7 S>[î4\<U 53 î 3>íÙ y>y½JL?K 3 U 5 J ,uõ R?ºB= 7 l`?BJîÙ? 7 ? í = 7 NLR@? 7 JbZ 3O3 NLR@? 5 \pUÏNL\<Zo?&î4\mNPRSq[ 3 î k QTS>JLJ T[pNL? 7K,dõ R@? 1Éõ K= 7 l>?ºS N `y i A(ñÆJL?K?ºzÉ\<; ,4 E 3 Ut 3 NLN 3 Z½ò¢ETJLR 3 î4J NLR@? íÆ3 B=@Jb\<U@;u?Kúv?BKN4Z 3`7 ? K[<?9S 7 [pì ,Èõ R@? 3 l>? 7 S [<[S ZqQ@[p\pNL= 5 ?4?¢ÿ6B= 7 JL\ 3 U 3>í NLR@? 1Éõ ) 3`7b7 ?KJLQ 3 U 5 J S>QQ 7L3 ÿ6\<ZqS NP?K[pìoN 3oº5 ~ , ~e?KJL\ 5 ?BJØNPR@?jQ 7b3 QTS>;`S NP\ 3 U 3>í J 3 [p\pN 3 UQTS>¶ð>?¢NPJÉS> 7b3 JLJØNPR?³?Fÿ6Qv? 7 \<Zo?BUNPS>[JL\mNP?\pNJL?B?KZqJ_=@U@[p\<ð ?B[pì N 3 TU 5¿3 NPR@? 7 Q@RìOJL\p9S>[{Zq?K¶RTS>U@\pJLZoJ NPR@S N|BS>U¿S>K 3 =@UN íÆ3>7 NLR@? 1Éõ QI? 7 NL= 7 t@S NP\ 3 U 5 ?KJL 7 \<tI? 5 S>t 3 l`? , UQTS 7 NP\pB=@[<S 7 E íÆ3`7 NPR@?s ë õ ] nõ4cdþ` ?BUlO\ 7b3 U@Zo?BUN9ETNLR@?$Q 7L3 QTS ;S NP\ 3 U 3>í NLR@?sJL= 7í S>B? NL\ 5 ? 53 ?KJºU 3 NS úv?B¢NºNPR@? 5 ?BQNLR 3>í NLR@?"NPR@? 7 Z 3 K[<\pU@? ,)õ R@? 7 ? íÆ3>7 ?>EjNPR?"NP\ 5 ?"9S>U*U 3 Nº[<?BS 5 N 3 Jb\<;`U@\mT9S UN4\pUNP? 7 S>KNL\ 3 UJ 3>í NLR@?sS> 3 =@JbNL\<JL\p;`UTS>[vî4\pNPR(NLR@?&t 3 NbN 3 Z , g U íÆ3`7 NL=@UTS NL?B[pì>EeNPR?ÏNL?BZoQ 3`7 S>[d 3>7L7 ?K[wS NL\ 3 U*tI?KNîÙ?B?KUÝNPR@?ÏNP?BZoQI? 7 SNP= 7 ?ÌQI?9S>ð 3 ZoZq?KUNL? 5 Q 7 ?KlO\ 3 =@JL[mì(S>U 5 NLR@?sS> 3 =JbNP\p 5 S NPS\pJhU 3 N4?¢lO\ 5 ?KUN ,jõ R@\<J4Zo\<;`RNhtI? 5 =@?N 3 NLR@?&JL\p;`U@\p@9S>UN 5 \ íwk í ? 7 ?BUB?|tI?KNîÙ?B?KUÂNLR@?|JLS>ZqQ[<\<U; 7 S NP?KJ 3>í NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ? 7 ?B 3`7L5 JKE 3 U@? JPS>ZoQ@[p? ?¢l`? 7 ì Wy$Zq\pUO=6NP?BJKE S>U 5 S> 3 =JbNP\p$N 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJb\ 3 U@JKEvî4\mNPR 3 U@?u?BZo\<JLJb\ 3 UÌ?Kl>? 7 ì¿x"JL?B 3 U 5 J ,$õ_3 B[<S 7 \ í ì(NPR@\pJ0\pJLJL=? 3 U@? BS>U ?¢ÿ6Q@[ 3 \pN NPR?uNPR@? 3`7 ?¢NP\p9S>[ðU 3 î4[<? 5 ;`? 3 U¿J 3 [<\mN 3 UÏQ 7b3 QTS>;SNP\ 3 US>U 5 ;`?BU@? 7 S NL?¿÷bJ 3 [<\mN 3 U k [<\pð>?Kù T?K[ 5 J 3>í NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ? S>U 5 J 3 =U 5 l>?B[ 3 B\mNì`Eî4R@\p¶RqBS>UqtI? =@JL? 5 S>Jj\<UQ@=N íÆ3`7 S>UqS> 3 =@JbNL\<4Q 7L3 Q k S>;`S NP\ 3 U(Z 3O5 ?K[ ,jõ R@?uQ 7 \<ZqS 7 ì"; 3 S [ 3>í NLR@?sJL\<Zu=@[wS NL\ 3 UJh\<JdN 3o3 tNPS>\<UÏS =TS>[<\mN¶S NL\pl>?&S>; 7 ?K?BZo?BUN tI?KNîÙ?B?KUÌNPR?sZ 3O5 ?B[p? 5 S>U 5 NPR?sZo?9S JL= 7 ? 55 ?BQI?BU 5 ?KU@B?KJ 3>íÉ1Éõ ÅS [ 3 U@;-NL\<Zo? , n U)\pZqQ 3`7 NPS>UN NLR@? 3>7 ?KNL\<BS>[ =@?KJbNP\ 3 U 3>í J 3 [p\pN 3 U Q 7b3 QTS>;SNP\ 3 U \<J0NLR@?º¶R 3 \pB? 3>í \pU@\pNL\wS>[Ø 3 U k 5 \mNP\ 3 U@JeNLRTS N 5 ?K@U@?sNLR@?&JbNPS 7 NL\<U@;JLR@S>Qv? $ñ % yòdS>U 5 JbNPS 7 NL\<U@;oS>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? K 3 í NLR@?$GOï ^{,2n
ZqQ[<?KNL? \<JbB=@JbJL\ U NLR@\<J³Q t@[<?KZýJLR =[ RTS U [<?4NPR?|S>UTS [pìOJL\pJ NPR@? K\<U@;sZo?B¶RTS>U\<JLZoJ 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 UÌ;`?BU? 7 SNP\ 3 UEvî4R@\p¶R)\<J|S U¿\<JLJb=@?-tI?Kì 3 U 5 NPR@?uJL 3 Qv? 3>í NLR@\<J0QTS>QI? 7B, z 3`7 NPR@\pJ 7 ?BS>J 3 UE S>U 5 S>[<J 3 tv?K9S>=@Jb?$GOï ^ J \pU 3 = 7 ?KUlO\ 7L3 U@Zo?BUN 5 ?KQv?KU 5Ï3 U@[pì 3 U 8 C S>U 5 5 C E K C îeS>J4?BJNP\<ZqS NL? 5 íÆ7b3 Z 5 \ 7 ?B¢NsZq?BS>JL= 7 ?BZo?BUNPJKE{NLR 7L3 =;`R NLR@?½S UTS>[pìOJb\<J 3>í \pJ 3 NLR@? 7 ZqJ íÆ7b3 Z NPR? 7 Zo\<JN 3`7&5 SN¶S ,qõ{3 S>K 3 ZoQ@[p\<JLR NPR@\pJ-N¶S>JbðNPR@?ÂZo?9S>U 5 ?KQNPR 3>í ?9S>¶R\<J 3 NPR? 7 Z îhS JqBS>[<K=@[wS NL? 5 E³S>U 5 NLR@? 3`7b7 ?KJ k Q 3 U 5 \pU@;Ï\<J 3 NPR@? 7 Z 3 JLK\<[p[wS NL\ 3 U@J&S [ 3 U@;ÂNP\pZq?îÙ? 7 ?½ 3`7b7 ?B¢NP? 5 N 3 NLR@?½Zo?9S U 5 ?KQNPR ,Ìõ R@\<J$;S9l`? S 5 \pJbN 7 \<t=NP\ 3 U 3>í 3>7L7 ?KKNL? 5 \<J 3 NPR@? 7 ZoJBE íÆ7L3 Z î4R@\p¶R \mN|îeS>JJL?K[<?B¢NP? 5 NLR@? 3 U@?-NPR@S N?¢ÿ6R@\pt@\pNL? 5 NLR@?|UTS 7b7L3 îÙ?BJbN QI?9S>ð 3>í S>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? Eî4R@\<¶R(îeS>Jd 3 UJL\ 5 ? 7 ? 5 N 3 tv? 7 ?BQ 7 ?BJb?BUN¶SNP\pl>? 3>í NPR@?\pU@\pNL\wS>[ J 3 [<\mN 3 US>ZqQ[<\pNL= 5 ? , õ RTS Nº;`SWl>? K C -> Z , zT= 7 NPR@? 7 Z 3`7 ? E íÆ7L3 Z c J , ñ òFEwñ ò¢E<ñ ò$S>U 5 ñ ò 3 U?9S>UÂQ 7 ? 5 \pKNdNPR@S N " C , ` KZ"} JKE ( C , y , y J C S>U 5 + C , >y`y , Z a }JBEî4R@\p[<? íÆ7b3 Z c , ñ¹xò 3 U@?uQ 7 ? 5 \<KNLJ NLRTS N d C , KZ"}J ,dõ R@\pJ l S>[p=@? 3 í J 3 [<\pN 3 UÏJLQI?B? 5 \<J4B[ 3 JL?&N 3 NPR@?$Zq?BS>JL= 7 ? 5 l S>[p=@?BJ 5 \pJLK=@JLJb? 5 \pU ó ô , õ R@?÷bJ 3 [<\mN 3 U\<AB? 5 ùÌ@?B[ 5 J 3>í NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?(S 7 ?"9S>[pB=@[<S NP? 5íÆ7L3 Z c , ñ¥`Dò , zT= 7 NPR@? 7 Z 3`7 ? E ?BS>¶R NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ?oQ 7L3 T[<?\<J& 3 Ul`? 7 NP? 5 N 3 J 3 =@U 5Ok JLQI?B? 5 =@Jb\<U@;ÏNPR@?îe?K[<[ k ðU 3 î4U]S ¶ð>?BUAB\<? þ J íÆ3`7 Z-=@[<S ,dõ R 3 Jb?uN 7 S>U@J íÆ3>7 ZqS NP\ 3 U@J 7 ? LT?B¢N|NPR@? í S>KN NPR@S N0NLR@?uQ 7b3 QTS>;`S NP\ 3 U 3 í NPR@?-GOï ^ S> 7b3 JLJ NLR@?)S> 3 =@JbNL\<îeS9l`?B;>=@\ 5 ?)[p?9S 5 JqN 3 NP\pZq? k5 ?KQv?KU 5 ?BUN OS>U 5 7 S>U;`? kÚ5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?BUN ÜQI? 7 NL= 7 t@S NP\ 3 U@J 3>í NLR@?ºJ 3 =@U 56k JLQI?B? 5 Q 7b3 T[<?KJ ,sõ R 3 Jb?ºQv? 7 NP= 7 tTS NL\ 3 UJ 3 U¿J 3 =@U 56k JLQI?B? 5 S úv?B¢N 5 ìOUTS>Zo\<9S [<[pì(NLR@? S> 3 =@JNP\<$JL\p;`UTS>[®EIZqS>\pU@[pì 5 =@?uN 3 NPR@? 5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?KU@B? 3>íÈ7 ? íÆ7 S>KNL\ 3 U S>U 5 Jb= 7bí S>K?W} t 3 NbN 3 Z \<UNP? 7 S> k NL\ 3 U@JKE 3 U(NP\pZq?|S>U 5Ï7 S>U@;>? , õ R@?$?¢ÿ6Qv?KKNL? 5 ;`? 3 Zo?KN 7 ì 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 UÂQ 7b3 QTS>;`S NP\ 3 UÂ\<J4JLR 3 î4U¿\pUzÉ\p; , xETî4R@? 7 ? 7 ?BQ 7 ?BJb?BUNPJ NLR@? 5 \ 7 ?KKNL\ 3 U 3>í Q 7b3 QTS>;`S NP\ 3 U , G6\<U@K? NLR@? NLR@? 7 Zq\pJbN 3`7 ¶RTS>\<UJ³îÙ? 7 ?|[ 3 9S NL? 5 JL[p\<;`RNP[mìuN 3 NPR?0?9S JbN 3>í NLR@? n EÉS U 5 tv?K9S>=JL?"NPR?½NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?½QI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NP\ 3 U 3 BK= 7 J ¢Æ¤9P NLR@?(S> 3 =@JbNL\<qQv? 7k NL= 7 tTSNP\ 3 UE 3 U@?|9S UÂS>JLJb=@Zq?|NLRTS NÙNPR@?sGOï ^ ÷bJN¶S 7 NPJLùºQ 7L3 QTS ;S NP\pU@;uJ 3 =NLR k ?BS>JbN íÆ7b3 ZÎNLR@? n$, n B 3>7L5 \pU@;oN 3 NPR@?sQ 7 ?¢lO\ 3 =@J4T;`= 7 ?NPR@?s?Kúv?B¢NP\ml`?&î4\ 5 NLR 3>í NPR@?sJ 3 [<\pN 3 U íÆ7L3 UN \pJ f , f JL\<U E î4R@? 7 ? f \<J-NLR@?Âî4\ 5 NLR 3 í NPR? íÆ7b3 UNqS>[ 3 U;)NLR@? 5 \ 7 ?B¢NP\ 3 U 3 í Q 7b3 QTS>;`S NP\ 3 U C , ] 3`7 ? 3 l`? 7 EeNLR@? ?¢ú§?KKNP\ml`?4l`?K[ 3 B\pNì 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 UºQ 7L3 QTS ;S NP\ 3 Uº\<J , d C JL\<U O, UNPR@\pJjîeS9ì`E 3 U@?4JbNPS 7 NLJj9S>[pB=@[<S NP\pU@; NLR@?sN 7 S>UJLZo\<JLJb\ 3 UÂ[ 3 JLJ$ñ¹R? 7 ?BS í NP? 7 õ _òd=@JL\pU@;qNLR@?sZq?BS>UÌJ 3 =@U 5Ok JLQI?B? 5 Q 7b3 T[<? EÙ÷ 5 \<JbQ@[wS B?BJbùoNLR@? GOï ^ S 5 \<JN¶S>U@K? f ñªî4\pNPR f , Zo\<U=NP?KJ¶òhN 3 îeS 7L5 J NPR@?$U 3`7 NLRQ 3 JL\mNP\ 3 U 3 í NPR@?uS> 3 =@JbNL\< J 3 = 7 K?>E2S>U 5 BS>[<K=@[wS NL?BJhNLR@? õ ÅS>;S>\pU ,Èõ R@? 5 \pJLQ@[<S>B?KZq?KUN4\<J 7 ?KQv?BS NP? 5 =@UNL\<[§NLR@?$GOï ^ 3 l>? 7 J S-NP?KZqQ 3`7 S>[§î4\<U 5@3 î 3>í ºR 3 = 7 J , n Q 7 ?B[<\pZq\pUTS 7 ì$Jb?KN 3>í JL\pZ-=@[wSNP\ 3 U@JÉîeS>JjQv? 7bíÆ3`7 Zq? 5 î4\mNPRºNPR? S 3 =@JNP\pdZ 3O5 ?B[ .³k G ë n|^ ó©`Bô®E tì"BS>[<K=@[wSNP\<U;uNPR@? õ S N , `y i A E íÆ3`7 S)÷bJb?B¶R@ùoQ 7b3 T[<? ETS>U 5(íÆ3`7 S-JL?KN 3>ííÆ3 = 7 ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pù GOï ^ J ,jc S ¶RÅ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ù|J 3 [<\mN 3 UºQ@S>¶ð>?¢Ne 3 UN¶S>\pU@? 5 S>U\<UNP?K;`? 7 U=@Zutv? 7³3 í J 3 [<\mN 3 U@JKE`=@QN 3íÆ3 = 7K, õ R 3 JL?½Q@S>¶ð>?¢NPJuîÙ? 7 ?½9S [<B=[wS NL? 5 tìáZ 365 \ í ìO\<U@;ENPR 7b3 =@;`RáN 7 \<S>[S>U 5 ? 7b7L3`7 E{NLR@?qQ@S 7 S>Zo?KNL? 7 J S>U 5 ,Ïõ R@?½S>U@;`[p? 3>í Q 7L3 Q@S>;S NL\ 3 U¿îeS>J- 3 U@JL\ 5 ? 7 ? 5 S>J , E{î4R@\p¶RÅ 3>7L7 ?KJLQ 3 U 5 J$N 3 NLR@? ?KJbNP\pZ½SNP? 55 \ 7 ?BKNL\ 3 U 3>í Q 7L3 Q@S>;S NL\ 3 U 3>í NPR@?-\pUNP? 7 UTS>[_NP\ 5 ?Âó9yô ,sõ R?ºJLRTS>QI? 3>í NPR?)÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pù QTS ¶ð>?KNLJ 5 \ 5 U 3 Ns¶RTS>U;`? 3 l>? 7 NP\pZq? E§î4R@\<¶Rá\<J&S US>JbJL=@ZoQNL\ 3 U¿tTS JL? 5 3 U 3 t@Jb? 7 l S NL\ 3 UJ V ,ºõ R@? 7 ?BJL=[pNPJ³JLR 3 îÙ? 5 S& 3 ZqQ@[p?¢ÿ 5 ?BQI?BU 5 ?KU@B? 3 íõ 3 UoNP\<Zo?>E`î4R? 7 ? 3 U@? 9S>U 3 t@Jb? 7 l>?|R@\p;`Rq[p?Kl>?B[<J 3>í S NbNP?KUO=@S NP\ 3 UEt@=NÙS>[pJ 3 [<?¢l`?K[<J 3>í Jb\<;`U@S>[ íÆ3 B=@JbJL\<U; ,Èõ R@? 7 ?KJL=@[mNNPRTS N 7 ?BJL?KZ-t@[p?BJ³tv?¢NLNP? 7 NPR@? B= 7 l`? 3>í 1{õ îeS>J 3 tN¶S>\pU@? 5 íÆ3`7 NLR@?"9S JL? 3>í SÝ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pù GOï ^ î4\pNLR íÆ3 = 7 J 3 [p\pN 3 U@J½ñ¹JL?K?ÂzÉ\<; , ò , õ R@? Z 3O5 ?K[<? 5o5 ?KQv?KU 5 ?BUB? 3>íõ 3 UqNP\pZq?d?Fÿ6R@\<t@\mNPJjNPR@? QTS NbNP? 7 U 3>í S NLNL?BU=TS NL\ 3 UE íÆ3 B=@Jb\<U@;uS>U 5 S NbNP?KUO=@S NP\ 3 U"S>;`S>\<UES JÙNPR?GOï ^ S>Q@Q 7b3 S>¶R@?KJhS>U 5 QTS>JbJL?BJ 3 l>? 7 NLR@? nu, z2= 7 NPR? 7 JL\<Zu=@[wS NL\ 3 UJ î4\mNPR 3 NPR@? 7 l S>[<=@?KJ 3>í E§=@Jb\<U@;½t 3 NLRÌNLR@?)÷bJb?B¶R@ùÂS>U 5 ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pùqJ 3 [<\mN 3 UÏQ 7L3 T[<?KJBE 7 ?Kl>?9S>[p? 5 S>U 3 JbB\p[<[wSNP\<U; k [p\<ð>?R\<;`R@[mìÏU 3 U@[p\<U@?BS 705 ?KQv?KU 5 ?KU@B? 3>í³õ 3 U O,uõ R@?KJL?oJL\<Zu=@[wS NL\ 3 UJ ;S9l>? í = 7 NPR? 7 3 U@JL\pJbNL?BU@¢ìÌN 3 NPR?uJ 3 [<\pN 3 UÏRìOQ 3 NPR?BJL\pJBEvJL\<UB?$NLR@?-S 3 =@JNP\puZ 365 ?K[ØQ 7 ? 5 \<¢NP? 5 B? 7 N¶S>\pU 5 ?K; 7 ?K?BJ 3>í Jb\<;`UTS [ íÆ3 B=@Jb\<U@;ºSN4QTS 7 NL\<K=@[wS 7 Q 3 JL\mNP\ 3 U@J 3>í NLR@?J 3 [p\pN 3 U"QTS>¶ð ?KNLJ , ë ?Kl>? 7 NPR@?K[<?BJbJBEIU 3 U@? 3 í NLR@? ! " $#% & " ' () *+ ,- ,./ 0- $) ) 1$ ' ( " $#2) 43657 8:9 -; <=+,>0?@) A .1< <) .CB,+D. 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Jb\<Z-=@[<S NP\ U@J ?BQ =@B? S B=@Jb\<U@;?Kúv?B¢N \<U =TS>[<\mN¶S NL\pl>?S>; ?B?BZo?BUN4î4\pNLR(NPR@? U@? tJL? l`? êçoä)ê éW§ãWçoä W + UºNPR@?4tTS JL\<J 3>í NPR\<J³S>UTS>[mìOJL\<JÈNLR@? íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4\<U@;| 3 U@K[<=@Jb\ 3 U@JBS>Uotv? 5@7 SWî4U2hDòU 3 U@[<\pU@?9S 7 S>Q@Q 7b3 ÿ\ k ZqS NP\ 3 U@J§N 3 Rì 5@7b365 ìOUTS Zq\p³?E=TS NP\ 3 U@J íÆ3`7 S 7L3 NPS NP\ 3 U@[<?KJLJØ?KUlO\ 7L3 U@Zo?BUNÉS 5 Zo\pNNLR@?³;`?BU@? 7 S NL\ 3 U 3>í ÷bZ 3O5 S>[<ù$J 3 [p\pN 3 U@JÙî4\mNPR¶RTS 7 S>KNL? 7 \<JbNL\<KJhNPRTS N 5 ?BQI?BU 5Ï3 U i ë ]ÌJ ò¥NPR?Ï÷bJL?K¶R@ùoS>U 5 ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pù Z 365 S>[ØJ 3 [p=NP\ 3 U@J 3>í NPR? 5 ?EO=@S NP\ 3 U 3`7L7 ?BJLQ 3 U 5 N 3"5 \mú§? 7 ?BUN 5 ìOUTS>Zo\<BJ 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 UÌQ 7L3 Q@S k ;SNP\ 3 UÙNLR@?)÷bJb?B¶R@ù(Q 7b3 T[p? 5 ?KJL 7 \<tI?BJ|S½JL\pU@;`[<?sJ 3 [<\pN 3 UETî4R@\p¶R Q 7L3 QTS>;S NL?BJ \<UÌNL\<Zo?uS U 5 JLQ@S>B? î4\mNPR 3 =6N¶RTS>U@;>\<U@;\mNPJÈJbRTS>QI?>Eî4R@\<[p?÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S [<ù0Q 7L3 T[p?BJ?¢l 3 [ml`?4t 3 NPRº\<U-NL\<Zo?hS>U 5 JbQTS>K? S U 5ºíÆ3`7 K? 7 NPS>\<U½QTS 7 S Zq?¢NP? 7 ¶R 3 \<K?BJdBS>U(;`\pl>?S-tI?KNLNL? 7d5 ?KJL 7 \<Q6NP\ 3 U 3>í GOï ^ J ò¥B= 7b7 ?KUN S U 5 NP?KZqQI? 7 S k NL= 7 ?sRì 57L3O5 ìOUTS>Zo\<T?B[ 5 J 5 ?BQI?BU 5 [<\<U?9S 7 [pì 3 UÌl>? 7 NL\<BS>[Z 3O5 S>[ 5 \<JLQ[wS>K?BZo?BUNPJKE2î4R\<¶RBS>UtI? 3 t6N¶S>\pU@? 5 S J|J 3 [p=NP\ 3 U@J 3>í NPR@? 5 ?=TS NL\ 3 UØJb=@¶R)J 3 [p=NP\ 3 U@J 9S>U)tI?-=@JL? 5 N 3 ;`?KU@? 7 S NP?-QRì k Jb\<9S [<[pì 3 U@Jb\<JNP?BUN-@?B[ 5 J 3>í NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?"S U 5 J 3 =@U 5 l`?K[ 3 B\mNì ò¥JL?KQTS 7 SNP\ 3 U 3>í B= 7L7 ?KUNS>U 5 NLR@? 7 Zq\pJbN 3>7h7 ?K 3`7b5 J 3 í NLR@?& ë õ ] nõ4cdþ` ?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN \<UN 3 [ 3 î k QTS>JbJ S U 5 R@\<;`R k QTS>JbJ4 3 ZoQ 3k U@?KUNPJdJLR 3 î4Jd?¢lO\ 5 ?KU@B? 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 Uo; 7b3 =@Q@JhQ 7L3 QTS ;S NP\pU@;-S 7L3 JLJeNLR@?|?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \<Zo?BUN¶S>[vJL\mNP? ò 3 U@? 3>í NLR@?BJb?u; 7b3 =@Q@J \<J 3 \pU@B\ 5 ?BUN î4\pNLR SqJN 7b3 U@;½QI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NL\ 3 U 3>í NLR@?uS 3 =@JNP\p$Jb\<;`UTS [î4R\<¶RE2î4R@?BU S>U@S>[pìOJL? 5 \pU 5 ?KNPS>\<[®E 7 ?¢l`?9S [<J S>UÌ\pU@ 7 ?9S>Jb? 3>í Jb\<;`UTS [ØS>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? E@\ , ? , ETS>UÏ?Kúv?B¢N0Jb\<Zo\<[<S 7 N 3 Jb\<;`UTS [ íÆ3 B=@Jb\<U@;qS>U 5 òJb\<Z-=[wS NL\ 3 U@J 3>í S> 3 =@JNP\<sQ 7b3 QTS>;SNP\ 3 UÂNLR 7L3 =@;`R÷J 3 [p\pN 3 U k [p\<ð>?KùuT?K[ 5 J 3>í J 3 =@U 5 l>?B[ 3 B\mNì(JLR 3 îSoJb\<Zo\<[wS 7 ?Kúv?B¢N 3>í JL\p;`UTS>[ íÆ3 B=JL\<U;½S>U 5 3 U 7 Z NLR@?sS>JLJb=@ZoQNP\ 3 UÏNLRTS N SqGOï ^ ZqS9ì"tI? 7 ?BJbQ 3 UJL\<t[<? íÆ3`7 NLR@? 3 t@JL? 7 l>? 5 S> 3 =@JNP\<QI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NL\ 3 U ,
óBô§R 3 = H, E§RTS>U;-X , E2S>U 5Ï1 3 ;`? 7 J ^_,j1 ?KJ 3 U@S>UN4\<UNP? 7 S>¢NP\ 3 U 3 í J 3 =@U 5 îeSWl>?sî4\mNPRÂ\<UNL? 7 U@S>[ J 3 [<\mN 3 U@J{\<UuNLR@?h 3 S>JbNPS>[A 3 U@? , À6Á|¶·°¢¬¯ÀWBÀÁ0¡½¢F¨¯L« E y@ñ ò y y E + KN 3 tv? 7 ` , ó ô . S>\p[<[p?Ïr , ï , ?¢N"S [ , + l`? 7 lO\<?¢î 3>í NPR? b3 \pUNo¶R@\pU@? k = , J , ì`?B[p[ 3 î Jb?9S k` ?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN , U §RTS U@; 1&, S>t 5 §R 3 = H, E_? 5 \mN 3`7 E @«> ª <²¸ Ï«>¬¢sÁ|¶·°¢¬®¨¯¶° E_Q@Q , ` E~e?K\ \pU@; k. R\<UTSE n Q 7 \p[È `O,2. R@\<U@S + K?9S>U ^7 ?BJbJ , Q 7L3 B?K? 5 \pU@;`J 3>í NPR@?$GOï n .0þ¼q.e3 U í ? 7 ?BUB? , ó ô YÌ8 ?KZ 3 =[<\<U|X , E>GON 8 ?BQ@RTS U&M , E H ?BJL=JÈG , E .e3 ?K[<R 3 cd, E S>U 5$^{3`7 NP? 7 ] , ù>UNL\<ZqS NP? þ¼> n JLRTS [<[ 3 î îeS NP? 7 N 3 Z 3 ; 7 S Q@Rì-?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \<Zo?BUN 5 ?Kl 3 NP? 5 N 3 NLR@?4JbNP= 5 ì 3>í \pUNP? 7 UTS>[NL\ 5 ?KJLù , U PW¶¶L¾>¨ª¦O»° ¥¤ Á$ÕÖ EQ@Q ,O x yE~e?K\ \pU@;@E n Q 7 \<[ >6,O. R@\pUTS + B?BS>U ^7 ?KJLJ ,{c5 \mNP? 5 tì§R@S>U@; 1&, S>U 5 §R 3 = H, ó ô + JbN 7L3 lOJLðì ,nu, ë 3 U@[p\<U@?BS 7 \<UNL? 7 U@S>[ÈîhS9l>?BJ-\pUS 7L3 NPS NP\pU@; 3 K?9S>U , ¶L«>¦§ <L»>± E j3 [ , Wx ë 3@,/ ETQ@Q , ` I ` Ev x , ó ô n Qv?K[ H,1&, ?¢NhS [ ,n U 3 l`? 7 lO\<?¢î 3>í NLR@?u > JîhS 7 ZÑJLRTS [<[ 3 î k îhS NL? 7 \<UNL? 7 U@S>[@îhS9l>?S> 3 =@JbNL\< Jb9S NbNP? 7 \<U@;(?Fÿ6Qv? 7 \<Zo?BUN , Ò¶ÔjÔjÔ ·6F¦I«> ¥¤ ¶L«>¦T¨¯sÔe¦O»>¨ª¦§¶¶¢F¨ª¦O» E ` ñ ò y`yE H =@[mì >6, ó ôur&S>t 3 l-G ,`n$, Ò¢¦T¬¹PB¾>·2¢¬¹¨¯¦"¬&¬ÆTd¬ÆT¶F±-¥¤d¦§¦T¸ ©¨ª¦§L«>h²³«>´>¶° ,Tc5, tì$NPR@? ] 3 JL 3 îGON¶SNP? g U@\pl>? 7 Jb\pNì>EI] 3 JL 3 î&E{ x`x , ñÆ\<U 7 =@JbJL\<S>U2ò , ó ô n Qv?K[ H, E +|7L7B, ] , EzÉ\<U?KNLNL?dG , ES>U 5 ØìOU@¶R H,@n U@?KîZ 365 ?K[ íÆ3>7 \<UNL? 7 U@S>[6J 3 [<\mN 3 UJÉS>U 5 NP\ 5 ?BJ 3 UoNPR@? 3 UNL\<U@?KUN¶S>[2JLR?B[ í¥, U §RTS U@; 1&, S>U 5 §R 3 = H, E? 5 \pN 3>7 JBE @«> ª <²¸ Ï«>¬¥¢ÙÁ0¶·°¢¬¹¨¯¶° E Q@Q ,Ø `` EI~e?K\ \pU@;@E n Q 7 \<[³ `O,§. R\<UTS + K?9S>U ^7 ?BJLJ ,&^7L3 B?B? 5 \<U;`J 3>í NLR@?GOï n .0þ¼ .e3 U í ? 7 ?KU@B? , óx ô n Qv?K[ H, ?¢N4S>[ ,_õ R@?U@?¢î ? 7 Jb?Kì(JbR@?B[ í JbRTS>[p[ 3 îîhSNP? 7 S 3 =@JNP\p 7 S>U 5@3 ZÎZq? 5 \<=@ZÑQ 7b3 QTS>;`S k NL\ 3 U&?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \<Zo?BUNeñ¹JbîeS 7 Z"ò , U§RTS>U; 1&, S>U 5 §R 3 = H, E? 5 \pN 3>7 JBE @«> ª <²¸ Ï«>¬¥¢{Á0¶·°¢¬¹¨¯¶° E Q@Q ,Ø WxEI~e?K\ \pU@;@E n Q 7 \<[³ `O,§. R\<UTS + K?9S>U ^7 ?BJLJ ,&^7L3 B?B? 5 \<U;`J 3>í NLR@?GOï n .0þ¼ .e3 U í ? 7 ?KU@B? , ó ô$Ø?9~Ù[ 3 U 5 ^{,i$, S U 5 ]ÏìOJLS>ð) ,n$, Ï«>´>¶°o¨ª¦Å¬ªT ¶L«>¦ ,qc [pJL?KlO\p? 7 G6B\p?BUNP\mT ^ =@t@[<\pJLR@\pU@; .e3 ZoQTS>Uì>E ë ?Kî!M 3`7 ð2E x , ó©Wy ô 14365798 :<;>=@?BA +-,¼.0, E H ?BJL=JuG , E_GONL?BQ@R@S>U M , E Y8 ?BZ 3 =@[p\<UÌX , E ^{3`7 NP? 7 ] , ES>U 5á.e3 ?K[<R 3Âcd, U k NL? 7 U@S>[ NL\ 5 ?ÌS> 3 =@JbNL\<ÂN 3 Z 3 ; 7 S>Q@Rì\ 1 ?B[<\<S>t@\p[<\pNì 3>í NPR@?ÌU 3`7 ZqS>[4Z 365 ?KJq?Fÿ6QTS>U@Jb\ 3 US J½S Q 3 JLJb\<t@[p?utTS JL\<J íÆ3`7 J 3 [plO\<U;qNPR?-\<Ul`? 7 Jb?ºQ 7L3 t[<?BZ , U n [<\pQ@Q@\ nu, S>U 5á. S>U@U?B[<[p\Èr , ~ , Ev? 5 \ k N 3`7 JKE PWBÀd¥¤$¬ÆTT¬ÆÀÈÔÙ·6P¶TL«>¦Ù¦9¤9¢¶¢¦§¶¦_¦I¾O¢F²³«>¬¢Á0¶·°¢¬¹¨¯¶° EQ@Q ,Ø x > E 143 Zo?>E@ÚNPS>[pì>E k¥` G6?BQ6NP?BZutv? 7 ` x , ó©`BôszT? 7 [wS .0, ] , E ^{3>7 NP? 7 ] , ~ , E`S>U 5oH ?BUJL?BUoz , ~ , ȸ @ÓdÁ Ù·DI <L¾ 6Á! Á|Óq"{ÔjÓ ¦§F¡o«> ¡½B¾OIP¶«W»«>¬¹¨¯¦( <W°¶° ¡½B¾O¢ , G n . n ë õ g ë Ycj1 G cjn!1 c G cjn01d.hiû.hc ë õ41 c ñ®G@] k ` ò¢ETSoG6QI?BAK\wSETÚNPS>[pì>E ` , ó© ô Y-,1s, r ,ºH ?9S U@JBEÂS>U 5 GOR@? 7 î4\<U õ,¼H, ©¨ª¬¯«>¢± ¨ª¦T¬¥¢F¦I«> ²³«>´>¶° ¦Î¬ªTÒB¢¢F¨¹«>¦ °¶T¢ ¤ , ] +1 c ë n JLK\<?BUNL\pTsS>U 5 NP?K¶R@U@\p9S>[ 7 ?BQ 3`7 N4U 3,` E g U@\ml`? 7 JL\mNì 3>í ïÅS>[p?BJKE g EØ `>,
zÉ\p; , ^ S>;`? G6Q@S NP\<S>[S>U 5 NL?BZoQ 3`7 S>[|?¢l 3 [p=NP\ 3 U 3>í J 3 [<\mN 3 UÜZ 3O5 S>[ 5 \<JLQ[wS>K?BZo?BUN C E íÆ3`7 S ÷bJb?B¶R@ùQ 7L3 @[<?ÏóN 3 Qô®E{S>U 5)íÆ3`7 S÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ù(Q 7L3 T[p?Ìót 3 NLN 3 Zô , G 3 [p\pN 3 U¿QTS 7 S>Z k ?¢NP? 7 JuS 7 ? K C , ZÏE f C , ` Z S U 5 d C , @,¼ BZ½} JqñÆl S>[<=?BJN¶S>ð ?BU íÆ7L3 Z ó ôwò , ,s,$,s,&,$,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,&,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,s,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s, Wy . R 3 JL?BUÂS 7 ?9S 3>í NLR@? ë õ ] nõ4cdþ¼> ?¢ÿ6Qv? 7 \pZq?KUNóN 3 QôvS>U 5 tTS NLRìOZo?KN 7 ì 3>í NLR@? ?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN¶S [ØJL\pNL?oót 3 NbN 3 Zô³ñ¹ 3 UN 3 = 7 5 ?BQNLR@J4\<UÂZ"ò , ,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s, ` c³+ zÉJ íÆ3>7 K= 7L7 ?BUN( 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUNLJ ñÆ 3 UNP\pU= 3 =@Jq[<\<U?WòºS>U 5 ñ 5@3 N k5 S>JbRÝ[<\pU@?Wò óN 3 Q6ô_S>U 5ÂíÆ3`7 NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ? " ót 3 NLN 3 Zoô , ,s,$,s,$,s,s,s,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s, ë 3`7 ZqS>[<\pAB? 5(i ë ]ÌJ 8 ñ¹ 3 UNP\pUO= 3 =@Jd[<\pU@?Wò³S>U 5 5 , 1D8 1D: ñ 5@3 N kÚ5 S>JbR([<\<U?Wò , ]Ì?BS>UÌl>?B[ 3 K\pNì"Q 7L3 T[p? íÆ7L3 Z .eõ4Y k is, ,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,s,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s, ] 3O5 S>[2S ZqQ@[p\pNL= 5 ?BJ 3 í R 3>7 \<A 3 UN¶S>[TK= 7L7 ?BUNÙ 3 ZoQ 3 U@?BUNPJ óN 3 Qô¯E óZo\ 5@5 [p?Kô@S>U 5 NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? " ót 3 NLN 3 Zô6³l`?B[ 3 K\pNì\<Jº\<UKZ"}JS>U 5 NP?BZoQI? 7 SNP= 7 ?(\<U . ?B[pJL\p=@J 5 ?K; 7 ?K?BJ ,ºõ R@?JL?B 3 U 5 Qv?BS>ð\pJZq\pJLJL\pU@;"\pU NPR@?Z 365 S [ÈS>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? 3>í t=N&\pNLJ ?FÿQI?B¢NP? 5 Q 3 JL\pNL\ 3 U(\pJdJLR 3 î4UÏN 3 ?BU@R@S>U@B?&NPR?s;>?BU@? 7 S>[Ø 3 ZqQ@S 7 \pJ 3 U , ,$,s,$,&,s, 1 ?B[<S NP\ml`?hN 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJL\ 3 U[ 3 JbJ 3 l>? 7jíÆ7 ?EO=?BU@¢ì óN 3 QôIS>U 5 S9l`? 7 S>;`? 5 S>U 5 JLZ 3O3 NPR@? 5 7 ?B[wSNP\pl>?|N 7 S>U@JLZo\<JbJL\ 3 U([ 3 JbJ S N `y i Aqót 3 NLN 3 Zoô , ,s,s,s,s,s,$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s, x .e3 UJL\ 5 ? 7 ? 5 ;`? 3 Zo?KN 7 ì 3>í J 3 [<\pN 3 U(Q 7b3 QTS>;SNP\ 3 UÂS> 7b3 JLJ4NPR@?&?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN¶S [JL\mNP? ,Û, G6\pZ-=@[<S NP\ 3 U 7 ?KJL=@[mN íÆ3`7 S ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[pùGOï ^ î4\mNPR J 3 [<\mN 3 UJ ,',$,s,$,s,s,$,s,$,&,s,
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0
2
4
6
t (h)
"sech" profile
x (km)
−1.2
−1
−0.8
−0.6
−0.4
−0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0
5
10
t (h)
x (km)
"dnoidal" profile
zÉ\p;`= 7 ?q G6Q@S NP\<S>[_S>U 5 NL?BZoQ 3`7 S>[_?Kl 3 [<=NL\ 3 U 3>í J 3 [p\pN 3 UZ 365 S>[ 5 \<JbQ@[wS>K?BZo?BUNB C E íÆ3>7 S÷bJb?B¶R@ù Q 7b3 T[p?(óN 3 Qô®EØS>U 5íÆ3`7 S÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ùqQ 7L3 T[<?"ót 3 NLN 3 Zô , G 3 [<\mN 3 UÏQTS 7 S>Zq?¢NP? 7 JS 7 ? K C , ZÏE f C , ` Z S>U 5 d C , @,¼ KZ"}JsñÆl S>[<=?BJdN¶S>ð ?BU íÆ7L3 Z ó ôwò ,-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 00'
-9˚ 00'
38˚ 45'
38˚ 45'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 45'
39˚ 45'
40˚ 00'
40˚ 00'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 00'
-9˚ 00'
38˚ 45'
38˚ 45'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 45'
39˚ 45'
40˚ 00'
40˚ 00'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 00'
-9˚ 00'
38˚ 45'
38˚ 45'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 45'
39˚ 45'
40˚ 00'
40˚ 00'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 45'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 30'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 15'
-9˚ 00'
-9˚ 00'
38˚ 45'
38˚ 45'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 00'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 15'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 30'
39˚ 45'
39˚ 45'
40˚ 00'
40˚ 00'
INTIMATE’96
Area
Forcadas
Estelas
Carvoeiro Cape
Nazare
LISBON
PORTUGAL
−09 −33 −38"
−09 −31 −22"
−09 −29 −05"
−09 −26 −48"
−09 −24 −32"
39 47 29"
39 48 21"
39 49 14"
39 50 07"
39 50 59"
−169
−169
−167
−164
−161
−158
−156
−153
−150
−147
−145
−142
−139
−136
−134
−131
Longitude
Latitude
•
VLA
•
North Position
•
West Position
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? . R 3 JL?KU S 7 ?BS 3>í NLR@? ë õ ] nõ4cdþ¼> ?Fÿ6Qv? 7 \<Zo?BUN¿óN 3 Qô0S>U 5 tTSNPRìOZq?¢N 7 ì 3>í NLR@? ?FÿQI? 7 \<Zo?BUN¶S [JL\mNP?qót 3 NbN 3 ZôjñÆ 3 UN 3 = 745 ?BQNLR@J \<UÂZ"ò ,−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof1
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof2
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof3
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof4
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof5
0
0.5
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Depth (in m)
eof1
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof2
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof3
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof4
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
eof5
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? c³+ zÉJ íÆ3`7 B= 7b7 ?BUN$ 3 ZoQ 3 U@?BUNLJ ñÆ 3 UNP\pU= 3 =@Js[<\pU@?Wò|S>U 5 ñ 5@3 N kÚ5 S>JbR[<\pU@?WòºóN 3 Qô S>U 5ÂíÆ3>7 NP?BZoQI? 7 SNP= 7 ? " ót 3 NbN 3 Zô ,−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Depth (in m)
Ψ
1
and
φ
1
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ψ
2
and
φ
2
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ψ
3
and
φ
3
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ψ
4
and
φ
4
−1
0
1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ψ
5
and
φ
5
zÉ\<;>= 7 ? ë 3`7 ZqS>[p\<AB? 5Âi ë ]ÌJ 8 ñ¹ 3 UNL\<U= 3 =J [p\<U@?9òhS>U 5 5 , 1D8 1;: ñ 5@3 N k5 S>JLRÂ[<\pU@?Wò ,1506
1508
1510
1512
1514
1516
1518
1520
1522
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Sound velocity (m/s)
Depth (m)
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? ³]Ì?BS>UÌl>?B[ 3 B\mNì"Q 7b3 T[p? íÆ7L3 Z .eõ4Y k i$, è S R ñ¹Z½ò W Z\] a S [^Z _Æ ñÆZ"} JPò è S R ñ¹Z½ò W Z\]Ya S [^ZØ _ª ñ¹Z½} JPò ` y ,¼ y 6, ` y ,/ y y`x ,¼ Wy 9x ,¼ ` y`x ,¼ 6, x`y y`x , y , x y`x ,/ ` 6, y y`x , `y @, y`x , y 6,¼ Wy`y y O,¼ y 6, Wy y O, x > , `Wy y O,/ y 9y ,¼ ` y O,¼ ` 9y , y y O,¼ y y , x ` y O,/ õ S>t@[p?º Y \<Jb 7 ?KNP\pAB? 5 l S>[p=@?BJ 3>í NPR?sZo?9S UÏJ 3 =@U 5Ok JLQI?B? 5 Q 7b3 T[p? ,166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
Low−pass band
u
1
166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−40
−30
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
Julian Time (days)
High−pass band
166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−30
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
Low−pass band
v
1
166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−30
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
40
Julian Time (days)
High−pass band
166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−1.5
−1
−0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
Low−pass
T
1
166
166.5
167
167.5
168
168.5
169
169.5
170
−1.5
−1
−0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Julian time (in days)
High−pass
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? ¿] 3O5 S>[ S>ZoQ@[p\pNP= 5 ?BJ 3>í R 3`7 \<A 3 UNPS>[dB= 7L7 ?KUN" 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUNLJ óN 3 Qô¯E óZo\ 55 [<?¢ô4S>U 5 NL?BZoQv? 7 S NL= 7 ? " ót 3 NLN 3 Zô6³l`?B[ 3 K\pNì\<J-\pUKZ"}JS>U 5 NP?KZqQI? 7 S NP= 7 ?(\<U . ?B[pJL\p=@J 5 ?B; 7 ?B?KJ ,*õ R@? Jb?B 3 U 5 Qv?BS>ðq\pJhZo\<JLJb\<U@;$\<U½NLR@?Z 365 S [§S>ZoQ@[p\pNP= 5 ? 3 í t@=6Nd\pNLJh?¢ÿ6QI?BKNL? 5 Q 3 JL\mNP\ 3 U"\<JÙJLR 3 î4U(N 3 ?KU@RTS>U@K?sNLR@?&;`?BU? 7 S [Ø 3 ZoQTS 7 \<J 3 U ,0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Time (h)
RTL (dB)
FREQ = 430 Hz
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? 1 ?B[<S NP\ml`?ÂN 7 S>U@JLZo\<JbJL\ 3 UÜ[ 3 JLJ 3 l>? 7½íÆ7 ?=@?KU@KìóN 3 QôS U 5 S9l`? 7 S>;`? 5 S>U 5 JbZ 3O3 NLR@? 5 7 ?B[wSNP\pl>?0N 7 S>U@JbZq\pJLJL\ 3 UÂ[ 3 JbJ4S N `y i A½ót 3 NLN 3 Zoô ,θ
v
v
e
Soliton Front
∆
∆
e
VLA
Acoustic Source
Acoustic Track
SWP
zÉ\p;`= 7 ?|x .e3 U@Jb\ 5 ? 7 ? 5 ;`? 3 Zq?¢N 7 ì 3>í J 3 [p\pN 3 U(Q 7L3 Q@S>;S NL\ 3 UÂS> 7L3 JbJ NLR@?&?¢ÿ6QI? 7 \pZq?KUN¶S>[Jb\pNL? ,0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
Time (h)
TL (dB)
INTIMATE’96: 4DS
zÉ\p;`= 7 ? ³G6\<Zu=@[wS NL\ 3 U 7 ?BJb=@[pN íÆ3>7 S ÷ 5 U 3 \ 5 S>[<ùoGï ^ î4\pNLR J 3 [<\pN 3 U@J ,
ÚNÙ9S>Uqtv? JLR 3 î4U)ó ô2NPR@S NÙNLR@? 5 ì6U@S>Zq\pdT?B[ 5 J 3>í B= 7b7 ?KUNLJ&ñ 0 0 òÉ9S>U½tv? ?¢ÿ6QTS>U 5 ? 5 \pUoNL? 7 ZoJ 3>íÉi ë ]ÌJ 8 S>U 5 5 , 1=8 1;: S>J íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4J ñ 0 ò , / ñ 0 dòD 5 0 S>U 5 , / 8 0 ñ nu, Dò î4R@? 7 ? 7 ?BQ 7 ?BJb?BUNPJ Z 3O5 S>[ 5 \<JLQ[wS>K?BZo?BUN9E2S>U 5 ñ 0 0 eòdS 7 ?& 3 ? oK\<?BUNLJ 3>í Z 365 S [ØS>Z k Q@[p\pNL= 5 ? íÆ3`7 NLR@?&B= 7b7 ?KUN 3 ZqQ 3 U@?KUNLJ E S>U 5 , z 3>7 tI?B\pU@;9S>[pB=@[<S NP? 5 \pU(Zq?¢NP? 7 JBE2S U 5 \pUÌJb?B 3 U 5 JBE î4\<[<[§tv?uS 5 \pZq?KU@JL\ 3 U@[<?KJLJ4QTS 7 S>Zo?KNP? 7 î4R@\<[p? øS>U 5 î4\p[<[ØRTS9l`? 5 \<Zo?BUJL\ 3 U@J Z½} J , ~³ì"N¶S>ð\pU@; %(' , yoS>U 5 3 U@JbNPS>UNºñ E Oò c , ñ¥WyòetI?B 3 Zq?KJ " & " %) " " : , y F ñ nu,¼ ò UÏNPR@?s;`?BU? 7 S [_BS>JL?$\pN \<J4U 3 N0K[<?9S 7 î4R\<¶RNL? 7 ZoJ 9S>UÌtv?sU@?B;>[<?B¢NP? 5 S>U 5 î4R@\<¶R 3 U@?KJ09S UU 3 N , i 3 îÙ?Kl>? 7 E§tìÂU@?B;>[<?B¢NP\pU@; 3 =@Q[<\<U;oZo?B¶R@S>U@\<JbZqJ S>U 5 N¶S ðO\pU@;o\<UN 3 S>K 3 =@UN NPRTS N S>UÏ\<ZoQ 3`7 NPS>UN í ?BS NP= 7 ? 3 í J 3 [<\pN 3 U)Q 7L3 QTS>;S NL\ 3 Uá\<JNLR@?qJb\<;`U\pTBS>UN 5 ìOUTS Zq\pBJ 3>í NLR@?qQI? 7 NP= 7 tTS NL\ 3 U S>[ 3 U@;ÏNLR@? 5 ?KQNPRÏSÿ6\pJBE 3 U?9S>UÏU@?B;>[<?B¢NdNPR@?Jb?B 3 U 5 S>U 5 NPR@\ 7L5 U 3 U k [p\<U@?BS 7 NL? 7 ZoJBE@S>U 5Ï7 ?Kî 7 \pNL? c , ñ nu,¼ ò S>J íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4JE " & " : , y F ñ nu, ò ë 3 î&E 7 ?BBS>[<[p\<U@;uNLR@?&;`?BU? 7 S [ØJbN 7 =@KNL= 7 ? 3>í ?¢ÿ6QTS>UJL\ 3 U@J-ó c J , ñ n$, Dòô[<?¢N4=@J4 3 U@Jb\ 5 ? 7 NPRTS N " ñ % 0 0 : 0 ò - " K ñ : ò " 0 S>U 5 " , / " 8 ; F ñ nu, ò UuNLR@?h[<S>JbNÉ?¢ÿ6Q 7 ?KJLJb\ 3 U;\pJÈS>Uu=@U@ðU 3 î4U í =@U@KNL\ 3 U§E>î4R@\<[p? " 3`7L7 ?BJbQ 3 U 5 JÈN 3 S 5 \<Zo?BU@Jb\ 3 U[<?BJbJ 3 ? qK\<?KUN 3>í Z 3O5 S>[S>ZoQ@[<\mNP= 5 ? íÆ3`7 NP?BZoQI? 7 SNP= 7 ? , ~ 3 NPRDáS U 5 " áJLR 3 =[ 5 tI?³¶R 3 JL?KUº\<U 3`7L5 ? 7 N 3 ?KU@JL= 7 ?&NPR@?& 3 U@JL\pJbNP?KU@Kì 3 íÈc , ñ nu, ò , g JL\pU@; c OJ , ñ nu, òh\pNh9S>UÏtv? 3 t6N¶S>\pU@? 5 NPR@S NH " , / " 8 ; F ñ nu,¼ ò zT= 7 NPR@? 7 Z 3`7 ? E6U@?K;`[<?KKNL\<U@;uS>;S>\pUq 3 =@Q@[p\<U@;$Zq?K¶RTS>U@\pJLZoJÙtI?KNîÙ?B?KUÏZ 3O5 ?BJKE@S>U 5 NPR 7b3 =@;`R í = 7 NPR? 7 [p\<U@?BS 7 \pA9S NL\ 3 UENLR@?&JL?B 3 U 5 NP? 7 Z \<U c , ñ n$, òeBS>UÏtv?sS>Q@Q 7L3 ÿ6\<ZqS NP? 5 S J " : -1 " K 1;: / 8 F ñ nu, ò G6=t@JbNL\pNP=6NP\<U; c , ñ n$,/ òhS>U 5Ìc , ñ nu, òh\<UN 3oc , ñ nu, òe\mN íÆ3 [<[ 3 î4JhS>=N 3 Z½S NL\<BS>[<[mìºNPRTS N " , c S>U 5 ; , 1 " K 1;: F õ R@?Zo\<U=@JeJL\<;>U(\<U 5 \p9S NL?BJeNLRTS NhNLR@?|NP\pZq? 3 JLK\<[p[wS NL\ 3 U@J 3>í S>U 5 " RTS9l`?sS-Q@R@S>JL? 5 \mú§? 7 ?KU@B? 3>í 7 S 5 \wS>UJ ,õ R@?&[wS JbN4QTS>\ 7d3>í ?=TS NL\ 3 U@J4[p?9S 5 N 3oc , ñ`Wò ,
