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Mathematical model of biochemical decomposition of organic in landfill

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✸✺✹✼✻✲✽✿✾❁❀❂✹✼✻✲❃❅❄✧✹✂❆❇❀❉❈❋❊●✾❍❆■❈❑❏▼▲●❃❅❈❋❄✲✽✿✾❁❀◆❃❅❄✧✹✂❆

❊●✾❁❄❁❈❖❀◆P◗❈❙❘✟❃❚✻✲❃❅❈❙❯❱❈❑❏❲❈❖❳✡❨❩✹✂❯●❃❅❄❬❃☞❯❭❆❪✹✂❯✿❊❴❫●❆☞❆▼❵

❛●❜❞❝❋❡✟❢❤❣❥✐✗❦♠❧

♥❴♦✤♣✜q✜r✍s☎t✖q

✉✇✈☎①❁②☎③☎④❚②❥⑤⑦⑥⑧①❞⑤✖⑨☎⑩❚✈☎❶❷⑥✟②❹❸✖②❥①✜④✲❶❷⑥✗⑩❚✈☎①✇❺✛①❪⑥❚❻❅④❚❶②✛⑩❚❶⑤✬❼❖⑤✖⑨✛⑩❚✈☎①❁❽❋❸✍⑩❚✈☎①✜❽❋❸✍⑩❚❶❾

❻✜❸✖❿☎❽❩⑤✛❺✛①✜❿❹⑤✖⑨✡➀☎❶⑤✛❻➁✈☎①✜❽❩❶❷❻✜❸✖❿❹❺✛①❪❻❅⑤✬❽❩②❥⑤⑦⑥⑧❶⑩❚❶⑤✬❼❋⑤✖⑨✒❿❷❸✖❼❹❺✭➂❹❿❿♠➃⑥❞⑤✬④❚➄⑦❸✖❼☎❶❷❻✇❻❅⑤✬❽✏❾

②❥⑤✬❼☎①✜❼⑦⑩➁⑥✼❸✖❼❹❺✚⑩❚⑤❋③❹⑥⑧①❙❶⑩✼⑨✪⑤✬④➅❸✖❼❹❸✖❿➆✭➇✜❶❼☎➄✏⑩❚✈☎①❙➈✇❸✬⑥➉⑩❚①❙❽❋❸✖❼❹❸✖➄✬①✜❽❩①✜❼⑦⑩✼❺✛①❪❻❅❶❾

⑥⑧❶⑤✬❼➊❶❼■⑩❚✈☎①✚❿❷❸✖❼❹❺✭➂❹❿❿❷⑥✜➋✝➌☎④❚⑤✬❽➍⑩❚✈☎①✚❽❋❸✍⑩❚✈☎①✜❽❋❸✍⑩❚❶❷❻✜❸✖❿❍②❥⑤✬❶❼⑦⑩➎⑤✖⑨✧➏✭❶①✜➈➐⑩❚✈☎①

❽❩⑤✛❺✛①✜❿❹②☎④❚⑤✬②❥⑤⑦⑥⑧①❪❺✏❶❼❩⑩❚✈☎①➅②❹❸✖②❥①✜④❞④❚①✜②☎④❚①❪⑥⑧①✜❼⑦⑩➁⑥✤⑩❚✈☎①➅⑥⑧➆✛⑥➉⑩❚①✜❽➐⑤✖⑨✗❺✛❶➑✒①✜④❚①✜❼⑦⑩❚❶❷❸✖❿

①❪➒⑦③❹❸✍⑩❚❶⑤✬❼❹⑥❖❶❼★②❹❸✖④⑧⑩❚❶❷❸✖❿❁❺✛①✜④❚❶➏✍❸✍⑩❚❶➏✬①❪⑥✜➋➔➓→⑩❋❸✖❿❿⑤✍➈✼⑥❙⑩❚⑤➣⑩➁❸✖↔✬①❴❶❼⑦⑩❚⑤➊❸✬❻✜❻❅⑤✬③☎❼⑦⑩

⑩❚✈☎①❙↔✬①✜➆✚②❹❸✖④➁❸✖❽❩①❅⑩❚①✜④➁⑥❁❶❼✛↕❹③☎①✜❼❹❻❅❶❼☎➄❴⑤✬❼✿➄⑦❸✬⑥✧❻✜❸✖②❹❸✬❻❅❶⑩➉➆✚❸✖❼❹❺✚⑩❚⑤❴❻✜❸✖④❚④❚➆❴⑤✬③✛⑩

⑩❚✈☎①❑⑨✪⑤✬④❚①❪❻✜❸✬⑥➉⑩❚❶❼☎➄❩❸✖❼❹❺✚❽❋❸✖❼❹❸✖➄✬①✜❽❩①✜❼⑦⑩✧⑤✖⑨✟⑩❚✈☎①❙❽❩⑤✛❺✛①✜❿❿①❪❺●②☎④❚⑤✛❻❅①❪⑥❚⑥✜➋

➙ ➛✗➜✏➝✤➞❤➟❴➠➣➡✿➢❁➝❤➤❅➟✏➜

➥ ✞✡✌✜✓✪✕✡➦➔✠❅➧✡☛✿✣✪✢✭✠☞☛✖➨☞✠❋✩✡☛✖✑✍✢✛✩✡☛●✠❅➧✡☛●✫✛✁☎✣✪✞✗✄✝☛●✁✛✥➅➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩❇➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✿➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➫➧✗✢✛➨➎☛✖➨➁➭

➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✪✣✔➯➲✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✖✩❤✯➲➳❖➧✗✓✪➨✚✥→✢✛✑✘✠✝✓✪➨✿✑✘✁☎✕✗✕✡☛✖✑✘✠☞☛✖✩➵➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➸✢✭➺✗✌✜✞✡✆✗✠●✑✘✁☎✕✗➨❅✞✗✄✝✆✗✠❅✓✔✁☎✕

✌✜✓✪➨☞☛✛✮❞➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧❲✓✪➨❩✁✛➺✟➨☞☛✍✌❅✫✛☛✖✩➻✓✪✕❲✓✪✕✗✩✗✞✗➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✪✢✛✣❍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠☞✌✜✓✔☛✖➨✍✯✝➼✏✑✍✑✘✁✛✌✜✩✗✓✪✕✡➦■✠☞✁■✠❅➧✡☛➣✩✗✢✭✠❅✢

✥♠✌❅✁☎✄➾➽❷➚❪➪✏✠❅➧✡☛❇➶✟✁✬➩➹✁✛✥❴➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩➵➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✛✮❖➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧➘✓✪➨➔✢✛✕✗✕❥✞✗✢✛✣✪✣✔➯➴✥♠✁✛✌❅✠❅➧✗✑✘✁☎✄➣✓✪✕✡➦➲✓✪✕❹✠☞✁

➺✟✓✔✁☎➨☞✆✟➧✡☛✍✌❅☛✛✮✼➧✗✢✛➨●✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✜➧✡☛✖✩➵✢✛✣✪✄✝✁☎➨☞✠✿➦✛☛✍✁☎✣✔✁✛➦☎✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❙➨❅✑✍✢✛✣✔☛■✢✛✕✗✩➸✢✛✄✝✁☎✞✗✕❹✠❅➨✿✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓❷➭

✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✖✣✔➯★➬☎✷✛✷❇✄➣✓✪✣✪✣✪✓✔✁☎✕■✠☞✁☎✕✗➨❩✆✤☛✍✌❩➯✛☛✖✢✭✌✖✯●➳❖➧✡☛●✆✤☛✍✌✜✄➣✢✛✕✡☛✖✕❹✠❅✣✔➯❇➦✛✌❅✁✬➩➎✓✪✕✡➦■➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯

✁✛✥✼➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛●✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨➎➧✗✢✛➨✏✢➔➨❅➧✗✢✭✌❅✆★☛✘➱✤☛✖✑✘✠❩✁☎✕★➦☎✣✔✁✛➺✟✢✛✣❍➦✛☛✍✁✒✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✇✑✘➯✒✑✍✣✔☛✖➨➎✁✛✥✼✢

✣✔✁✛✠●✁✛✥❙☛✖✣✔☛✖✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅➨●✑✘✁☎✕❹✠❅✢✛✓✪✕✗✓✪✕✡➦▼✓✪✕➻✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑➔✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯✛✮✧✓✪✕➻✆✟✢✭✌❅✠❅✓✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✌✚✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑

✑✍✢✭✌❅➺✤✁☎✕❤✯✼✎❥✁✡✮✭✠❅➧✡☛✂➩✂☛✖✓✔➦☎➧❹✠❁✁✛✥✡✠❅➧✗✓✪➨❍☛✖✣✔☛✖✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❁✥♠✁✛✌❅✠❅➧✗✑✘✁☎✄➣✓✪✕✡➦➎✓✪✕❹✠☞✁❩✢✛✕✚☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠

➩➎✓✔✠❅➧✝➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛➎✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨✍✮☎✄➣✢✭✃✛☛✖➨✂✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✖✣✔➯✝❐✛❒❋✄➣✓✪✣✪✣✪✓✔✁☎✕✚✠☞✁☎✕✡☛✖➨✂✓✪✕✿✁☎✕✡☛❖➯✛☛✖✢✭✌

➩➎➧✗✓✪✣✔☛❩✠❅➧✡☛✚➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✛✣❍✕✗✢✭✠❅✞✡✌✜✢✛✣❞✓✪✕✒➶✟✁✬➩❮✁✛✥✼✑✍✢✭✌❅➺✤✁☎✕❇✓✪✕❹✠☞✁➔✢➣➨☞✁☎✓✪✣❞✑✘✁✬✫✛☛✍✌❩✁✛✥✧✢✝✆✟✣✪✢✛✕✡☛✍✠

✄➣✢✭✃✛☛✖➨➎✁☎✕✗✣✔➯➔➬✗➚✭✯➬◗✄➣✓✪✣✪✣✪✓✔✁☎✕➔✠☞✁☎✕✗➨❖✆✤☛✍✌❙✁☎✕✡☛❴➯✛☛✖✢✭✌✖✯

❰❩✕✡☛❇✁✛✥❴✠❅➧✡☛★➺✟✢✛➨❅✓✪✑❇➩❑✢✖➯✒➨◗✁✛✥✚➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩➵➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛❲✌❅☛✖✄✝✁✬✫✭✢✛✣✏✢✛✣✪✣➎✁✬✫✛☛✍✌➊✠❅➧✡☛▼➩✂✁✛✌✜✣✪✩

✌❅☛✖✄➣✢✛✓✪✕✗➨❙✓✔✠❅➨❙➺✟✞✡✌✜✓✪✢✛✣✤✓✪✕➊✠❅➧✡☛❴✕✡☛✖✢✭✌☞➭⑧➨❅✞✡✌❅✥→✢✛✑✘☛❴➦✛☛✍✁☎✣✔✁✛➦☎✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❞☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✍✯✧Ï➁✕➊✠❅➧✡☛✖➨☞☛

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✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➊✠❅➧✡☛➻➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛➻✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨■✢✭✌❅☛➻☛✘➷✒✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩❮✠☞✁ ✓✪✕❹✠☞☛✖✕✗➨❅✓✔✫✛☛➫➺✟✓✔✁✒✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣

✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕★➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧▼✑✍✢✛✞✗➨☞☛✖➨❩✓✪✕★✆✟✢✭✌❅✠❅✓✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✌❩✣✪✢✛✕✗✩✂✁✲✣✪✣✤➦☎✢✛➨❩➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❤✯❋➳❖➧✡☛

✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛✖➨❤✁✛✥✡➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❞✥♠✁✛✌❅✠❅➧✗✑✘✁☎✄➣✓✪✕✡➦➎✓✪✕❹✠☞✁❖✠❅➧✡☛✂✕✗✢✭✠❅✞✡✌✜✢✛✣✛☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❞✥♠✁✛✌✜✄ ✕✡☛✍➦☎✢✭✠❅✓✔✫✛☛

☛✘➱✤☛✖✑✘✠❅➨➎✁✛✥✇➺✤✁✛✠❅➧■✣✔✁✒✑✍✢✛✣❞✢✛✕✗✩■➦☎✣✔✁✛➺✟✢✛✣❤✑✜➧✗✢✭✌✜✢✛✑✘✠☞☛✍✌✖✯

✌❅✁☎✄ ✠❅➧✡☛❋✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌➎➧✗✢✛✕✗✩➊✫✭✢✭✌✜✓✔✁☎✞✗➨❑✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✢✭✌✜✑✜➧■✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✆☎✖✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❖✓✪✕■✄➣✢✛✕❹➯➊✑✘✁☎✞✗✕✒➭

✠☞✌✜✓✔☛✖➨❇✁✛✥✿✠❅➧✡☛➻➩✂✁✛✌✜✣✪✩ ✢✭✌❅☛➲✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✛☛✖✣✔➯❮☛✖✕✡➦☎✢✭➦✛☛✖✩ ✓✪✕ ✠❅➧✡☛➴➨☞☛✖✢✭✌✜✑✜➧ ✁✛✥✝✢✛✣✔✠☞☛✍✌✜✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✫✛☛

➨☞✁☎✞✡✌✜✑✘☛✖➨◗✁✛✥❋☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯✛✯ ➳❖➧✡☛✍✌❅☛▼✢✭✌❅☛▼✄➣✢✛✕❹➯ ✕✡✁☎✕✗✑✘✁☎✕❹✫✛☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣➎☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯➘➨☞✁☎✞✡✌✜✑✘☛✖➨✞✝

➨☞✁☎✣✪✢✭✌✖✮❁➩➎✓✪✕✗✩❤✮❤✠❅➧✡☛◗➧✡☛✖✢✭✠✚✁✛✥❙✞✗✕✗✩✡☛✍✌❅➦✛✌❅✁☎✞✗✕✗✩❲➨☞✁☎✞✡✌✜✑✘☛✖➨✍✮❁✠❅➧✡☛➔✠❅✓✪✩✗✢✛✣✇☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯➻✓✪✕➫✠❅➧✡☛

➨☞☛✖✢✛➨❙✢✛✕✗✩➔✁✒✑✘☛✖✢✛✕✗➨❑☛✍✠❅✑✭✯➅➼✏✕◗☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯➔➨☞✁☎✞✡✌✜✑✘☛✏✁✛✥❍✢✛✕❹✠❅➧✡✌❅✁✛✆✤✁✛➦✛☛✖✕✗✓✪✑✏✑✜➧✗✢✭✌✜✢✛✑✘✠☞☛✍✌➎✓✪➨➅✁✛✥

➦✛✌❅☛✖✢✭✠●✓✪✄✝✆✤✁✛✌❅✠❅✢✛✕✗✑✘☛✝✕✡✁✬➩❴✯✿Ï❚✠❴✓✪➨❩✠❅➧✡☛➣➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❋✌❅☛✖✑✘☛✖✓✔✫✛☛✖✩➫✥♠✌❅✁☎✄ ✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✝✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁✭➭

✕✡☛✖✕❹✠❅➨✚✁✛✥❖➧✡✁☎✞✗➨☞☛✖➧✡✁☎✣✪✩➫➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✛✯

ÿ

➯➫✫✭✢✭✌✜✓✔✁☎✞✗➨❴☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌❅✠✚☛✖➨☞✠❅✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❴✠❅➧✡☛➔✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑

✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎✕✡☛✖✕❹✠❅➨➎✄➣✢✭✃✛☛✠✟ þ⑦✷☛✡ ✁✛✥✇✢✛✣✪✣❤➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✚✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨✍✯✼➳❖➧❥✞✗➨✍✮✗✞✗➨❅✞✗✢✛✣❤✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨❑✁✛✥

➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✏✢✭✌❅☛❖✠❅➧✡☛❖✆✤✁✬➩✂☛✍✌❅✥→✞✗✣✒➺✟✓✔✁☎✣✔✁✛➦☎✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✒✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨✂✑✍✢✭✆✟✢✭➺✟✣✔☛❙✠☞✁●✄➣✢✭✃✛☛❖✠❅➧✡☛❖✫✭✢✛✣✪✞✗✢✭➺✟✣✔☛

☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯■✑✍✢✭✌❅✌✜✓✔☛✍✌✌☞➔➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✌☞◗➩➎✓✔✠❅➧✗✓✪✕◗✩✡☛✖✑✍✢✛✩✡☛✖➨✍✯

✍ ✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯➣✓✪✕◗✢✛✣✪✣✲✓✪✕✗✩✗✞✗➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✪✢✛✣✪✣✔➯●✢✛✩✡✫✭✢✛✕✗✑✘☛✖✩➊✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠☞✌✜✓✔☛✖➨✍✮✡✢✛✕✗✩➊✢✛✣✪➨☞✁✿✓✪✕◗✄➣✢✛✕❹➯

✩✡☛✍✫✛☛✖✣✔✁✛✆✟✓✪✕✡➦✿✁☎✕✡☛✖➨❙✠❅➧✡☛✍✌❅☛❴✢✭✌❅☛✚✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣✤✆✗✌❅✁✛➦✛✌✜✢✛✄➣➨❑✁✛✥❁➦✛☛✍✠☞✠❅✓✪✕✡➦➣✠❅➧✡☛❋➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❙✢✛➨❖✢

✌❅☛✖➨❅✞✗✣✔✠❙✁✛✥✇✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➊✁✛✥✇✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❋➨❅✞✡➺✟➨☞✠❅✢✛✕✗✑✘☛✖➨❖✢✛✕✗✩❇✓✔✠❅➨❙✥→✞✡✌❅✠❅➧✡☛✍✌❖✞✗➨☞☛✛✯

➳❖➧✡☛✝✓✪✕❹✠☞☛✍✌❅☛✖➨☞✠❋✠☞✁■➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❴✞✗➨❅✢✭➦✛☛➔➧✗✢✛➨❋✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✖✩➫✓✪✕➫✑✘✁☎✕✗✕✡☛✖✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➫➩➎✓✔✠❅➧❲✠❅➧✡☛

✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✂✁✛✥✗✆✗✌✜✓✪✑✘☛✖➨❍✥♠✁✛✌✇☛✖✕✡☛✍✌❅➦✛➯✚✑✍✢✭✌❅✌✜✓✔☛✍✌✜➨✍✯

ÿ

✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨▼✓✪➨➊✥♠✁✛✌✜✄✝☛✖✩❮✁✛✥✗✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑➻✑✘✁☎✕✒➭

➨☞✠❅✓✔✠❅✞✡☛✖✕❹✠❅➨❇✁✛✥✿➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✂✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨❁✢✭✠❁✠❅➧✡☛✖✓✔✌✇✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✚➺❥➯❴✄➣✓✪✑✘✌❅✁❥✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪➨❅✄➣➨✍✯

➳❖➧✡☛➔✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨●✁✛✥❖✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➻✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✍☛✖✩✗➨●✓✪✕➲✠⑧➩✂✁❲➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✖➨✞✝◗✢✭✠●✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕✗✑✘☛◗✁✛✥

✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕✝✠❅➧✡☛✍✌❅☛❑✓✪➨✇✢✛✕✿✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑➅✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨✍✮✛✢✛✕✗✩✿✢✭✥♠✠☞☛✍✌✼✢✛✕●☛✘➷✡➧✗✢✛✞✗➨☞✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✚✁✛✥✟✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕✝✓✪✕

✩✡☛✍☛✍✆✤☛✍✌❖✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✜➨❴✴♠✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕✒➭➉✥♠✌❅☛✍☛⑦✵❑✠❅➧✡☛❋✢✛✕✗✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑❩➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛❋➺✤☛✍➦☎✓✪✕✗➨✍✯

ÿ

✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❙☛✍✫✛✁☎✣✔✫✛☛✖✩

➺❥➯➲✄➣✓✪✑✘✌❅✁❥✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪➨❅✄➣➨✚✑✘✁☎✕❹✠❅✢✛✓✪✕✗➨✎✟✑✏✭✷☛✡❉✁✛✥➎✄✝☛✍✠❅➧✗✢✛✕✡☛■✢✛✕✗✩➴✄➣✢✖➯➻➺✤☛➊✞✗➨☞☛✖✩➲✁☎✕

✢➔✆✟✣✪✢✛✑✘☛✿✢✛➨❩✣✔✁✬➩❙➭⑧✑✍✢✛✣✔✁✛✌✜✓✔☛✚✥→✞✡☛✖✣✰✮✟✁✛✌❋✄➣✢✖➯❇➺✤☛✚✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✩▼✓✪✕❹✠☞✁◗➧✗✓✔➦☎➧✒➭⑧✑✍✢✛✣✔✁✛✌✜✓✒✁✲✑❋➦☎✢✛➨

✢✛✕✗✩❇✞✗➨☞☛✖✩■✥♠✁✛✌➎✕✡☛✍☛✖✩✗➨❙✁✛✥❁➦☎✢✛➨✏➨❅✞✡✆✗✆✟✣✔➯✛✯

✍ ✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✫✛☛❴☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✔☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❴✁☎✕❇➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨➎✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕★✢✛✕✗✩★✞✗➨☞☛✚✓✪➨❙✌❅☛✖✑✘☛✖✓✔✫✛☛✖✩▼✓✪✕❇✄➣✢✛✕❹➯

✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠☞✌✜✓✔☛✖➨✚✁✛✥❖✠❅➧✡☛➔➩✂✁✛✌✜✣✪✩❤✯▼✎❥✁✡✮✇✓✪✕✔✓❋✎✒➼ ✠❅➧✡☛➔➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✛✣✂✕❥✞✗✄✚➺✤☛✍✌✚✁✛✥❖✄●✞✗✕✗✓✪✑✍✓✔✆✟✢✛✣

✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨✏➧✗✢✛➨❩✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✖✩▼✥♠✌❅✁☎✄ ➚✖✕❥✯✷✛✷✛✷❇✓✪✕➴➚✖✕✛❐✛❒➊✞✡✆▼✠☞✁❇✶✛✳❥✯✷✛✷✛✷❇✓✪✕➴➚✖✕✗✕✛❒❥✯●➳❖➧❥✞✗➨

✠❅➧✡☛❲➨❅➧✗✢✭✌❅☛▼✁✛✥❴✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨➣➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➘✠❅➧✡☛▼✠☞✁☎✕✗✕✗✢✭➦✛☛❲✁✛✥❋➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛➫✄✝✁✛✌❅☛▼✠❅➧✗✢✛✕ ➚▼✄➣✓✪✣✪✣✪✓✔✁☎✕

✠☞✁☎✕✗➨❴➧✗✢✛➨❋✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✖✩❲✥♠✌❅✁☎✄✘✕✙✡ ✞✡✆❲✠☞✁★✶✛✳✙✡◗✯✿Ï❚✠❋✓✪➨❩☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✇✥♠✌❅✁☎✄ ✠❅➧✡☛✝✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠

✁✛✥✿✫✒✓✔☛✍➩❉✁✛✥✿☛✖✑✘✁☎✕✡✁☎✄✚➯❮✁✛✥●➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨★✞✗➨❅✢✭➦✛☛✛✯ ➳❖➧✡☛➻✑✍✢✛✣✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➊✁✛✥✿☛✖✑✘✁☎✕✡✁☎✄➣✓✪✑

☛✛✚◗✑✍✓✔☛✖✕✗✑✘➯➫✁✛✥❑➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✚✞✗➨❅✢✭➦✛☛➔✑✍✢✭✌❅✌✜✓✔☛✖✩➫✁☎✞✡✠●✓✪✕➵➚✖✕✛❐✛✶❇✥♠✁✛✌●✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨❩➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➫✫✭✢✭✌✜✓✔✁☎✞✗➨

✫✛✁☎✣✪✞✗✄✝☛✖➨●✁✛✥➎➨☞✠☞✁✛✌❅☛✖✩➸➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✛✮➅➨❅➧✡✁✬➩ ✠❅➧✗✢✭✠✿✥♠✁✛✌✿✫✛✁☎✣✪✞✗✄✝☛✖➨●✄✝✁✛✌❅☛➊✠❅➧✗✢✛✕ ➚◗✄➣✓✪✣✪✣✪✓✔✁☎✕

(3)

✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠❴✠❅➧✡☛✝✣✔✁✬➩✂☛✍✌❋➩❑✢✭➦✛☛✖➨❋✁✛✥➅➩✂✁✛✌❅✃✛☛✍✌✜➨❋✢✛✕✗✩❲✠❅➧✡☛✿➩✂✁✛✌✜✣✪✩★✆✗✌✜✓✪✑✘☛✖➨✏✥♠✁✛✌❋➦☎✢✛➨✍✮❞✓✔✠❋✓✪➨

☛✖✑✘✁☎✕✡✁☎✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯❲☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✖✩✗✓✔☛✖✕❹✠❋✠☞✁▼✄➣✢✛✓✪✕❹✠❅✢✛✓✪✕➻✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨❩➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➫✠❅➧✡☛➔➨❅✄➣✢✛✣✪✣✔☛✍✌✚✑✘✁☎✕❹✠☞☛✖✕❹✠❅➨

✁✛✥✇➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛❴✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨✍✯

➼✏➨❍✠❅➧✡☛✂✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✢✭✌✜✑✜➧✡☛✖➨✧➨❅➧✡✁✬➩❴✮✭➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✇➨☞✆✗✌❅☛✖✢✛✩✗➨❁✓✪✕❴✠❅➧✡☛✂✠❅➧✗✓✪✑❅✃✒✕✡☛✖➨❅➨❁✁✛✥✗✠❅➧✡☛❑➨☞✠☞✁✛✌❅☛✖✩

➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛❖✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨❁✄➣✢✛✓✪✕✗✣✔➯✚✓✪✕●➧✡✁✛✌✜✓✆☎✍✁☎✕❹✠❅✢✛✣✡✩✗✓✔✌❅☛✖✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✴→✢✭✠✧✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❑✁✛✥✲✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✪✕✡➦

✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✜➨❪✵✜✯★➳❖➧✡☛➔✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛➣✁✛✥❙➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✚✥♠✌❅✁☎✄ ✢★➨❅✞✡✌❅✥→✢✛✑✘☛◗✓✪✕❹✠☞✁★✢✭✠❅✄✝✁☎➨☞✆✟➧✡☛✍✌❅☛◗✓✪➨✚✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌☞➭

✄➣✓✪✕✡☛✖✩❴➺❥➯❴✢➎✕❥✞✗✄✚➺✤☛✍✌❍✁✛✥✡✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨✍✯✇Ï❚✥✒✠❅➧✡☛✂✠☞✁✛✆✿✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌❁✁✛✥✟✢➎✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✚✓✪➨❍✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✂✚◗✑✍✓✔☛✖✕❹✠❅✣✔➯

✩✡☛✖✕✗➨☞☛❩✠❅➧✡☛✖✕■✠❅➧✡☛❩☛✍✫✛✁☎✣✔✫✛☛✖✩❇➦☎✢✛➨❖✓✪➨❑✄➣✓❷➷✒☛✖✩➊✞✡✆■➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➊✢✭✠❅✄✝✁☎➨☞✆✟➧✡☛✍✌✜✓✪✑❩✢✛✓✔✌✖✯✼➼❑✠❙➦✛✁❥✁✒✩

✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✡☛✖✕✗➨❅✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✁✛✌✏✢✭✠➎✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❴✁✛✥✼✢✝✠❅✓✔➦☎➧❹✠✏✑✘✁✬✫✛☛✍✌✜✓✪✕✡➦➔✁✛✥✧✢➣➨❅✞✡✌❅✥→✢✛✑✘☛✚✠❅➧✡☛❴➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨

✓✪➨➅✑✘✁☎✕✗✑✘☛✖✕❹✠☞✌✜✢✭✠☞☛✖✩◗✢✛✕✗✩➣☛✍✫✛✁☎✣✔✫✛☛✖✩➔➺✟✢✛➨❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯✚✁☎✕➔➨❅✣✔✁✛✆✤☛✖➨✼✢✛✕✗✩➣✁☎✕➣✠❅➧✡☛➎✣✪✓✪✄➣✓✔✠☞☛✖✩✝➨❅✓✔✠☞☛✖➨

✁✛✥✧✢➣➨❅✞✡✌❅✥→✢✛✑✘☛✛✯

➳❙➩✂✁➫✃✒✓✪✕✗✩✗➨✿✁✛✥❩✩✡☛✍➦☎✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦➫✁✛✥❋✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✟➨✿✢✭✌❅☛★✢✭✆✗✆✟✣✪✓✔☛✖✩➴✠☞✁➻✆✗✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣➎✞✗➨☞☛■✁✛✥

➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✞✝

➚✭✯❖✆✟✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✔✫✛☛✏✩✡☛✍➦☎✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦✚➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧◗✓✪➨➅✑✍✢✭✌❅✌✜✓✔☛✖✩➔✁☎✞✡✠❑✩✗✞✡☛➎✠☞✁●✠❅➧✡☛✏✁✬➩➎✕◗✆✗✌❅☛✖➨❅➨❅✞✡✌❅☛➎✓✪✕

✠❅➧✗✓✪✑❅✃✒✕✡☛✖➨❅➨❙✁✛✥✇✢➣✩✗✞✗✄✝✆✣✢

✶❥✯➎✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✛☛➲✩✡☛✍➦☎✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦➵➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧ ✓✪➨■✑✍✢✭✌❅✌✜✓✔☛✖✩ ✁☎✞✡✠❇➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➐✠❅➧✡☛➻➧✡☛✖✣✔✆❮✁✛✥✿➨☞✆✤☛✖✑✍✓✪✢✛✣

✩✡☛✍✫✒✓✪✑✘☛✖➨❙✥♠✁✛✌❖☛✘➷✒✠☞✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✁✛✥✇➦☎✢✛➨✍✯

✍ ✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✔✫✛☛❩✩✡☛✍➦☎✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦●✓✪➨➅➨☞☛✖✣✪✩✡✁☎✄ ✢✭✆✗✆✟✣✪✓✔☛✖✩✝✠☞✁✿➦✛☛✍✠✂➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✂➺✤☛✖✑✍✢✛✞✗➨☞☛➎✁✛✥❍✓✔✠❅➨✂✣✔✁✬➩

☛✛✚◗✑✍✓✔☛✖✕✗✑✘➯✛✯➅➳❖➧✡☛❋✓✪✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✖✢✛➨☞☛✖✩◗✌❅☛✖➮❥✞✗✓✔✌❅☛✖✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅➨✂✥♠✁✛✌❙✆✗✌❅☛✍✫✛☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➊✁✛✥❁✞✗✕✗✑✘✁☎✕❹✠☞✌❅✁☎✣✪✣✪✢✭➺✟✣✔☛

✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛➣✁✛✥❙➦☎✢✛➨✿✓✪✕❹✠☞✁▼✢✛✕➲✢✭✠❅✄✝✁☎➨☞✆✟➧✡☛✍✌❅☛➊✢✭✌❅☛◗✄➣✢✛✩✡☛➔✠☞✁▼✠❅➧✡☛◗✄✝☛✖✢✛✕✗➨❴✁✛✥❖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✛☛■✩✡☛✘➭

➦☎✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦✡✯

➳❖➧✡☛➎✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨➅✁✛✥❍✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✏✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎✕✡☛✖✕❹✠❅➨❑✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➔✑✘✁☎✕✗➨❅✓✪➨☞✠❅➨➅✁✛✥❍✠❅➧✡✌❅☛✍☛

➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✖➨✍✯✂➼❑✠➎✠❅➧✡☛✤✁✟✌✜➨☞✠❙✁✛✥❁✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➹✓✪✕➊✠❅➧✡☛❋✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❋✁✛✥✇➦✛✌❅☛✖✢✭✠➎✢✛✄✝✁☎✞✗✕❹✠❖✁✛✥✇✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕

✠❅➧✡☛✚✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✟✣✔☛✘➷■✁✛✥✇✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❴✄✝✁☎✣✔☛✖✑✍✞✗✣✔☛✖➨❖✓✪➨❙✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩★✓✪✕■✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑❋➩❑✢✖➯✛✯❙➼➎✥♠✠☞☛✍✌

✠❅➧✡☛✚✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✁✛✥✧✢✛✑✍✑✘☛✖➨❅➨✏✁✛✥✇✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕▼✠❅➧✡☛✚➨☞☛✖✑✘✁☎✕✗✩★✆✟➧✗✢✛➨☞☛❩➭❑✢➣✥♠☛✍✌✜✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕

✢✛✕✗✩◗➦☎✣✔➯✒✑✘✁☎✣✔➯✒➨❅✓✪➨✧➭✼✑✘✁☎✄✝☛✖➨❑✓✪✕❹✠☞✁●☛✘➱✤☛✖✑✘✠✍✯✦✥ ➧✡☛✖✕◗✠❅➧✡☛✏✥♠✌❅☛✍☛✏✁✖➷✒➯❥➦✛☛✖✕➊➺✟✓✔✁✒✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯

➺✤☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝☛✖➨✂✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✟✣✔☛✍✠☞☛✖✣✔➯✿☛✘➷✡➧✗✢✛✞✗➨☞✠☞☛✖✩❤✮❥✠❅➧✡☛➎✄✝✁☎➨☞✠➅✆✗✌❅✁☎✣✔✁☎✕✡➦✛☛✖✩➔➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛❖➭❁✠❅➧✡☛✏➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✏✁✛✥

✢✛✕✗✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑●✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➊➭❑➺✤☛✍➦☎✓✪✕✗➨✍✯❙➳❖➧✡☛●✩✗✞✡✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✁✛✥✼✠❅➧✗✓✪➨➎➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✛✮❤✓✰✯☛✛✯❖✠❅➧✡☛

➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩➫✁✛✥❑✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✝✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯❲✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❤✮❍✑✜➧✗✢✭✌✜✢✛✑✘✠☞☛✍✌✜✓✆☎✍☛✖➨✚✠❅➧✡☛✎✧✛✢✭➦✛☛✖✓✪✕✡➦✙✧

✁✛✥✚✢➴✩✗✞✗✄✝✆❞✯❮➼➎✥♠✠☞☛✍✌➊✠❅➧✡☛❲✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✟✣✔☛✍✠☞☛▼✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➘✁✛✥❴✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑★✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯

✠❅➧✡☛➣✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✛☛✝✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖➨❩✁✛✥➅➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❋✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛●✢✭✌❅☛➣➨☞✠☞✁✛✆✗✆✟✓✪✕✡➦✡✯❴➳❖➧✡☛✿✩✗✞✗✄✝✆❲➺✤☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝☛✖➨

☛✖✑✘✁☎✣✔✁✛➦☎✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯■✓✪✕✡☛✍✌❅✠✍✯

➳❖➧✡☛✂➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩●✁✛✥✗✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❑✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯❴✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕●✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✗➨❍✁☎✕●✠❅➧✡☛❑➦✛✌❅☛✖✢✭✠

(4)

✓✔✠⑧➯✩★✫✪➲✮✛➨☞✆✤☛✖✑✍✓✒✁✲✑✼➦✛✌✜✢✖✫✒✓✔✠⑧➯✚✁✛✥✟➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✛✮❹✑✘✁☎✕❹✠☞☛✖✕❹✠❅➨✧✁✛✥✗✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✂✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯❴☛✍✠❅✑✭✯✧➳❖➧✡☛

✥→✞✗✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣✡✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✡☛✖✕✗✑✍✓✔☛✖➨❁✁✛✥❤✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✝➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩✿✁☎✕✝✠❅➧✡☛❖✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨✼☛✖✕❥✞✗✄✝☛✍✌☞➭

✢✭✠☞☛✖✩➘✢✭➺✤✁✬✫✛☛✛✮✂✢✭✌❅☛■✞✗✕✡✃✒✕✡✁✬➩➎✕➴✠☞✁✒✩✗✢✖➯✛✯➵✎❥✁❲✓✔✠✝✓✪➨✿✓✪✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅➨❅✓✔➺✟✣✔☛✝✠☞✁➫✑✍✢✛✣✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✠☞☛■✠❅➧✡☛

✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➔➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩➔✩✗✓✔✌❅☛✖✑✘✠❅✣✔➯✛✯ ÿ ➯➣✢✛✑✍✑✍✞✗✄●✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➣✠❅➧✡☛➎☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✪✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✛✣✟✩✗✢✭✠❅✢✒✮

➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧❲✩✡☛✖➨❅✑✘✌✜✓✔➺✤☛●✠❅➧✡☛✝✄➣✓✪✑✘✌❅✁❥✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪➨❅✄➣➨❩✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✒✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮❍✓✔✠❩➩➎✓✪✣✪✣❞➺✤☛✿✆✤✁☎➨❅➨❅✓✔➺✟✣✔☛❴✠☞✁❇✑✍✢✛✣❷➭

✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✠☞☛✝✩✗✓✔✌❅☛✖✑✘✠❅✣✔➯■✠❅➧✡☛✝✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕▼➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩❤✮✲✠❅✢✭✃✒✓✪✕✡➦■✓✪✕❹✠☞✁➊✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠❴✢✛✣✪✣❍✠❅➧✡☛✖➨☞☛

✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨✿➽➬✭➪➉✯

✬ ✭✯✮✱✰✳✲✘✴✂➝✵✮✱✰✦✲✘✴✂➝❤➤❅➢✶✴✩✷✸✲❉➟❴➠✠✰✦✷✺✹✼✻✽✴✿✾✤➤❅➢ ➢✧➟✏➜✿➢✶✰✦❀✚➝❤➤❅➟✏➜✱✾

Ï➁✕➐✠❅➧✡☛★➦☎✓✔✫✛☛✖✕➐➩✂✁✛✌❅✃ ✢✛✕ ✢✭✠☞✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✗✠➊✠☞✁➸✩✡☛✖➨❅✑✘✌✜✓✔➺✤☛▼✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❇✁✛✥❴✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✛✮

➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮⑦✩✡☛✖✕✗➨❅✓✔✠⑧➯✏✢✛✕✗✩❋✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌❍✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜➨❞✁☎✕❋✠❅➧✡☛✼✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨❤✁✛✥✒✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕

✁✛✥✇✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❋✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯◗➺❥➯■✄✝☛✍✠❅➧✡✁✒✩✗➨❑✁✛✥✧✄➣✢✭✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❞✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✪✣✪✓✪✕✡➦✿✓✪➨❖✄➣✢✛✩✡☛✛✯

➳❖➧✡☛✝➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯▼✁✛✥✂✠❅➧✡☛✝☛✍✫✛✁☎✣✔✫✛☛✖✩➻➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✍✮❍✢✛✕✗✩➻✢✛✣✪➨☞✁■✠❅➧✡☛➣➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩❲✁✛✥✂✠❅➧✡☛✝➦☎✢✛➨

➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨➔✢✭✌❅☛★✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✡☛✖✩➵➺❥➯➸✠❅➧✡☛▼✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✝✁✛✥❩✠❅➧✡☛❇☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✒➭

✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✿➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧➴➧✗✢✖✫✛☛■➺✤☛✍☛✖✕➴✞✗➨❅✞✗✢✛✣✂✓✪✕➴✑✘✁☎✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✍✠☞☛❇✩✗✞✗✄✝✆➲➺✤✁✒✩✡➯✛✯❲➳❖➧✡☛➊➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮

✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✛✮✇✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➫✁✛✥❑✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✝✥♠✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✚✑✘✁☎✕✗✑✘☛✍✌✜✕➻✠❅➧✡☛◗✕❥✞✗✄✚➺✤☛✍✌❴✁✛✥

✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜➨✿✌❅☛✖✕✗✩✡☛✍✌✜✓✪✕✡➦❇☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣❑✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛➔✁☎✕➸✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➻✁✛✥➎✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑

✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯✛✯✧➳❖➧✡☛✖✓✔✌✼✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✟✣✔☛✘➷➣✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❑✓✪➨✧✌❅☛✘➶✟☛✖✑✘✠☞☛✖✩➔✓✪✕✿✠❅➧✡☛❖✥♠✁☎✣✪✣✔✁✬➩➎✓✪✕✡➦❩✃✒✓✪✕✡☛✍✠❅✓✪✑✍➨

☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✁✛✥❁✠❅➧✡☛❁✁✟✌✜➨☞✠❑✁✛✌✜✩✡☛✍✌❖✥♠✁✛✌❖✠❅➧✡☛❴➦☎✢✛➨❖➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➲➽❷➚❪➪❂✝

❃❅❄✯❆❈❇✗❉✜❊●❋■❍

✴➁➚✬✵

❃ ☞➊➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯➊✁✛✥❁➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨✚✴→✄✎❑✬✵✜✮✗✥♠✁✛✌✜✄✝☛✖✩❇✓✪✕➊✠❅✓✪✄✝☛❁▲❋✴♠➯✛☛✖✢✭✌✜➨❪✵▼✢

☞◗➩✂☛✖✓✔➦☎➧❹✠❖✁✛✥❁➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✚✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨❴✴♠✠☞✁☎✕✲✵▼✢

☞➊➨☞✆✤☛✖✑✍✓✒✁✲✑✏➦☎✢✛➨❖✆✤✁✛✠☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣➅✴→✄✎❑✖◆✬✠☞✁☎✕✲✵▼✢

❏✼❖

☞➊✢➣✑✘✁☎✕✗➨☞✠❅✢✛✕❹✠❖✁✛✥✧➨☞✆✤☛✍☛✖✩➊✁✛✥✇➦☎✢✛➨❖➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➲✴➁➚✺◆✬➯✛☛✖✢✭✌✘✵✜✯

Ï➁✕➣✆✗✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✪✑✘☛✛✮❥✫✭✢✭✌✜✓✔✁☎✞✗➨➅✄✝✁✒✩✗✓✒✁✲✑✍✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✧✁✛✥✤✠❅➧✡☛➎✥♠✁✛✌✜✄●✞✗✣✪✢➔✴➁➚✬✵✼✢✭✌❅☛✏✢✭✆✗✆✟✣✪✓✔☛✖✩✿✥♠✁✛✌✂✠❅➧✡☛

✥♠✁✛✌❅☛✖✑✍✢✛➨☞✠❅✓✪✕✡➦◗✁✛✥✼➦☎✢✛➨✏➦✛☛✖✕✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➵➽✏✬➪➉✯❋➳❖➧✡☛✖✓✔✌❖➺✟✢✛➨❅✓✪✑✚✩✗✓✪➨☞✠❅✓✪✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕★✓✪➨❖✌❅☛✖✩✗✞✗✑✘☛✖✩★✠☞✁

✠❅➧✡☛✚➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯➊✁✛✥✇✥♠✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❙✁✛✥❁✠❅➧✡☛✚➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩➊➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛✚✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❋➨❅✞✡➺✟➨☞✠❅✢✛✕✗✑✘☛✚✓✪✕✗✑✍✣✪✞✗✩✡☛✖✩

✓✪✕❹✠☞✁■✑✘✁☎✕✗➨❅✓✪✩✡☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❤✯❴➳❖➧✡☛✖➨☞☛●✥♠✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❩☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✪✣✔➯❇✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❋✓✪✕★✠❅➧✡☛✖✓✔✌❩✆✟➧❹➯✒➨❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❷➭

✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❹✆✗✌❅✁✛✆✤☛✍✌❅✠❅✓✔☛✖➨❞✢✛✕✗✩❴✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣➨❍✁✛✥✡➺✟✓✔✁✒✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣☎✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❤✯✧✎❥✁✡✮✜✧✭✥→✢✛➨☞✠P✧

✥♠✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❑✩✡☛✖✑✍✢✖➯➊✩✗✞✡✌✜✓✪✕✡➦●✶✬➭➉➬✿➯✛☛✖✢✭✌✜➨✍✮✗✢✛✕✗✩◗✠❅➧✡☛❩➨❅✣✔✁✬➩✂☛✍✌❙✁☎✕✡☛✖➨➅➭✼✩✗✞✡✌✜✓✪✕✡➦✚✩✡☛✖✑✍✢✛✩✡☛✖➨✍✯

Ï➁✕●✠❅➧✡☛❑➩✂✁✛✌❅✃◗➽✶✬➪✗✠❅➧✡☛❙✄➣✢✭✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✒☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✿✥♠✁✛✌✧✢✛✕✿☛✖➨☞✠❅✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕●✁✛✥✲✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛

(5)

➺✟✢✛➨☞☛✖✩➸✁☎✕➵✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✂✁✛✥❚❙✏✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣

➧❹➯✒➨❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✌❯❍✢✭➺✤✁✛✌✜✢✭✠☞✁✛✌❅➯ ✴❱❙

❯✇✵✜✯✼➳❖➧✡☛❲❙

❯❨❳➨

✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✧✢✛✣✪✣✔✁✬➩➎➨❴✑✍✢✭✌❅✌❅➯✒✓✪✕✡➦➊✁☎✞✡✠❴✢✛✕➫☛✖➨☞✠❅✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➫✁✛✥❑✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛✿✁✛✥✂➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❴✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✗✓✪✕✡➦

✁☎✕➲✠❅➧✡☛➣✌❅✁✬➩ ✁✛✥❑✠❅➧✡☛◗✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✗✓✪✕✡➦➊✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨✍✮✇➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧➻✢✭✌❅☛➔➺✟✢✛➨☞☛✖✩➻✁☎✕➲➨☞✠❅✢✭✠❅✓✪➨☞✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣

✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨❅✓✪✕✡➦◗✁✛✥✂✩✗✢✭✠❅✢✒✮❞✌❅☛✖✑✘☛✖✓✔✫✛☛✖✩❲✥♠✁✛✌❋✠❅➧✗✓✪➨➎✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✔✁✒✩★✁✛✥➅✠❅✓✪✄✝☛✛✯ ✄ ✌❅✁☎✄ ✠❅➧✡☛✝✄➣✢✭✠❅➧✡☛✘➭

✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✼✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠❩✁✛✥❑✫✒✓✔☛✍➩ ✠❅➧✗✓✪➨❴✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣❖✴❱❙

❯✇✵✏✌❅☛✍✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅➨❋✠❅➧✡☛➣✆✤✁☎✣✔➯✒✕✡✁☎✄➣✓✪✢✛✣❁✁✛✥

✠❅➧✡☛■➬✛✠❅➧➵✩✡☛✍➦✛✌❅☛✍☛✛✮✂➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧➸✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✗➨✚✁☎✕➵✠❅✓✪✄✝☛■✢✛✕✗✩➴➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧➸✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✖➨✝✠❅➧✡☛

✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨❙✁✛✥✇➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❖✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛❋✩✗✞✡✌✜✓✪✕✡➦●✠❅➧✡☛❴✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✔✁✒✩◗✁✛✥✇✠❅✓✪✄✝☛❴✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✡☛✖✩❇✢✭➺✤✁✬✫✛☛✛✯

➳❖➧✡☛✚✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣❞✆✗✌❅✁✛✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩■➺❥➯■✠❅➧✡☛●✢✛✞✡✠❅➧✡✁✛✌✏☛✖✕✗✢✭➺✟✣✔☛✖➨❖✠☞✁◗✠❅✢✭✃✛☛✿✓✪✕❹✠☞✁◗✑✘✁☎✕✗➨❅✓✪✩✡☛✍✌✜✢⑦➭

✠❅✓✔✁☎✕▼✠❅➧✡☛✝✓✪✕❹✠☞☛✍✌✜✕✗✢✛✣✇✓✪✕❹✠☞☛✍✌✜✑✘✁☎✄➣✄●✞✗✕✗✓✪✑✍✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➎➺✤☛✍✠⑧➩✂☛✍☛✖✕❲✠❅➧✡✁☎➨☞☛✿✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨➔✴♠✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌☞➭

✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✛✮✗➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮❹✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✏✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯➔✑✘✁☎✕❹✠☞☛✖✕❹✠❅➨✍✮✟✩✡☛✖✕✗➨❅✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮❥✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛❩✑✘✁☎✕✒➭

✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✒✓✔✠⑧➯➣✁✛✥❍✠❅➧✡☛❩☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✂☛✍✠❅✑✬✵✜✮✗✁☎✕◗➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧◗✠❅➧✡☛✏✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨❑✁✛✥❞➺✟✓✔✁✛➦☎✢✛➨❙✓✪➨❅➨❅✞✡☛

✓✪✕★✠❅➧✡☛✝✩✗✞✗✄✝✆★➺✤✁✒✩✡➯❇✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✗➨✍✯ ✄ ✌❅✁☎✄ ✠❅➧✡☛✿✄➣✢✭✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✇✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠➎✁✛✥✼✫✒✓✔☛✍➩ ✢✛✣✪✣

✠❅➧✡☛✖➨☞☛❩✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜➨❑✢✭✌❅☛✏➺✤☛✖✓✪✕✡➦✚✓✪✕❹✠☞☛✍✌✜✑✘✁☎✕✗✕✡☛✖✑✘✠☞☛✖✩■✢✛✕✗✩◗✢✭✌❅☛✏➺✤☛✖✓✪✕✡➦❴➩❖✌✜✓✔✠☞✠☞☛✖✕◗✩✡✁✬➩➎✕

✓✪✕◗✢✚✥♠✁✛✌✜✄ ✁✛✥❍✢●➨☞➯✒➨☞✠☞☛✖✄ ✁✛✥❍✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✗☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❑✓✪✕➣✆✟✢✭✌❅✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✲✩✡☛✍✌✜✓✔✫✭✢✭✠❅✓✔✫✛☛✖➨❋➽✳✬➪➉✯

➳❖➧✡☛◗➨☞✁☎✣✪✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➲✁✛✥❙✠❅➧✗✓✪➨●➨☞➯✒➨☞✠☞☛✖✄ ➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➴✑✘✁✛✌❅✌❅☛✖➨☞✆✤✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✪✕✡➦❇✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✼✢✛✕✗✩➲➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯

✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➎✢✛✣✪✣✔✁✬➩➎➨➎✠☞✁➊✑✍✢✭✌❅✌❅➯■✁☎✞✡✠✏✠❅➧✡☛●✥♠✁✛✌❅☛✖✑✍✢✛➨☞✠❅✓✪✕✡➦◗✢✛✕✗✩▼✄➣✢✛✕✗✢✭➦✛☛✖✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❩✁✛✥✼✠❅➧✡☛

✑✘✁☎✕✗✑✘✌❅☛✍✠☞☛●✩✗✞✗✄✝✆❞✯

➼❑✠❁✠❅➧✡☛➅➦☎✓✔✫✛☛✖✕✿➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✂✁✛✥✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✢✭✌✜✑✜➧✡☛✖➨❁✠❅➧✡☛❑✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛✧✁✛✥✗✠❅➧✡☛➅✥♠✁☎✣✪✣✔✁✬➩➎✓✪✕✡➦❖✥→✢✛✑✘✠☞✁✛✌✜➨

✓✪➨❖✓✪✕❹✫✛☛✖➨☞✠❅✓✔➦☎✢✭✠☞☛✖✩✵✝

✑✘✁☎✕❹✠☞☛✖✕❹✠❅➨➎✁✛✥❁✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❴✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯➊✓✪✕➊➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛❴✆✗✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅➨✞✢

✩✡☛✖✕✗➨❅✓✔✠⑧➯➔✁✛✥✧➨❅✞✡➺✟➨☞✠❅✢✛✕✗✑✘☛✗✢

➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯◗✁✛✥✧➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯✫✢

✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❩✁✛✥✇➨☞☛✖✢✛➨☞✁☎✕✗✢✛✣❍✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❩✁✛✥✇✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✖➨✞✢

✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠➎✁✛✥❁✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✵❳➨❖☛✘➷✒✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✑✍✓✔✠⑧➯✫✢

✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠✝✁✛✥❩✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛➔✁✛✥✏✢✛✕✗✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑➊✢✛✕✗✩➵✢✭☛✍✌❅✁✛➺✟✓✪✑➊➨☞✠❅✢✭➦✛☛✖➨✝✁✛✥✏✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑

✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯➊✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨❅✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✵✢

✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛✂✁✛✥❤✩✡☛✍✫✛☛✖✣✔✁✛✆✟✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✼✆✗✌❅☛✖➧✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✁✛✌❅➯✚✁✛✥✲✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖➨✍✮❹✁✒✑✍✑✍✞✡✌❅✌✜✓✪✕✡➦❋✓✪✕✿✠❅➧✡☛

(6)

❩❭❬❫❪ ❴✸❵❨❛✔❜✗❛●❝❡❞✿❛❣❢✙❤✫❜✙✐❨❢✙❛❥❛❧❦✩❛●♠♥❜✙♦❘❝❡♣✶q❨❛●r❫r❫s❫t❨✉

✄ ✁✛✌❋✠❅➧✡☛✿✩✡☛✖➨❅✑✘✌✜✓✔✆✗✠❅✓✔✁☎✕❇✁✛✥✼✠❅➧✡☛●✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨✏✁✛✥➅➧✡☛✖✢✭✠❋✩✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✔➺✟✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✢✛✣✔✁☎✕✡➦◗✠❅✓✪✄✝☛●✢✛✕✗✩

✩✡☛✍✆✗✠❅➧◗✁✛✥❍✠❅➧✡☛❋✩✗✞✗✄✝✆➫✴♠✠❅✢✭✃✒✓✪✕✡➦✝✓✪✕❹✠☞✁✝✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠❙✠❅➧✡☛❩✥→✢✛✑✘✠❙✠❅➧✗✢✭✠❑✠❅➧✡☛❩✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❙✢✭✌❅☛

☛✘➷✒✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✑✬✵✂✠❅➧✡☛❴☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✁✛✥✧➧✡☛✖✢✭✠➎✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✒✓✔✠⑧➯◗✓✪➨❖✞✗➨☞☛✖✩❤✯

✈❧✇

✈ ▲

✈●① ②♥③

✴✇ ✵ ✈❧✇

✈●①✿④⑥⑤✼⑦

✴① ✵▼⑧ ✴✰✶☎✵

➳❖➧✗✓✪➨●☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➘✓✪➨✿✁✛✥✏✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✭➺✤✁☎✣✪✓✪✑➔✠⑧➯❥✆✤☛❇✢✛✕✗✩➘✓✔✥✏✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✡☛✖✕✗✑✍✓✔☛✖➨

✴✇ ✵●✢✛✕✗✩

✴① ✵❩✢✭✌❅☛➣✃✒✕✡✁✬➩➎✕❤✮❞✠❅➧✡☛✖✕➻✓✔✠❋✓✪➨❋✆✤✁☎➨❅➨❅✓✔➺✟✣✔☛✚✠☞✁★➨☞✁☎✣✔✫✛☛➣✠❅➧✡☛✝☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ✴✰✶☎✵❩✕❥✞✗✄✝☛✍✌✜✓❷➭

✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✔➯✛✯

✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜➨

✴✇ ✵❋✢✛✕✗✩

✴① ✵❴✢✭✌❅☛➔✠❅➧✡☛➔✥→✞✗✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣✼✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✡☛✖✕✗✑✍✓✔☛✖➨❋✁☎✕

✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✛✮✟➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮✡✩✡☛✍✆✗✠❅➧■✢✛✕✗✩■✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌➎✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜➨❖✁✛✥❁☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✍✯

✴✇ ✵❑✄➣✢✖➯■➺✤☛❋✌❅☛✖✑✘☛✖✓✔✫✛☛✖✩▼✢✭✠✏✕❥✞✗✄✝☛✍✌✜✓✪✑✍✢✛✣❞✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✁✛✥✇☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✪✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✛✣

✩✗✢✭✠❅✢❇✴→➨☞☛✍☛❴➨☞☛✖✑✭✯✂✶❥✯✶☎✵✜✯

✴① ✵✂✓✪➨❑✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✡☛✖✩➔➺❥➯➔✠❅➧✡☛❋➮❥✞✗✢✛✕❹✠❅✓✔✠⑧➯➔✁✛✥❁✩✡☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩

✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑❴✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯➫✴→➨☞☛✍☛✚➨☞☛✖✑✭✯✶❥✯✳☎✵✜✯

⑨✖⑩❷❶❹❸❺❶❼❻●❽✿❻●⑩❿❾✽➀❨➁✫➂❷⑩❿❾❷❻❣➃✺➄➆➅✙➁✫⑩❿❾❭❶❹❸❺❶❼➁✫⑩❿➇✗➈ Ï➁✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣❁✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❖✁✛✥✂✢➔✆✗✌❅✁✛➺✡➭

✣✔☛✖✄ ✄➣✢✖➯❇➺✤☛✚➦☎✓✔✫✛☛✖✕▼✠❅➧✡✌❅✁☎✞✡➦☎➧★✩✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✔➺✟✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➊✁✛✥✼✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛●✢✛✣✔✁☎✕✡➦◗✩✡☛✍✆✗✠❅➧▼✓✪✕

✢✛✕★✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✟✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✔✁✒✩◗✁✛✥✇✠❅✓✪✄✝☛❁▲ ❄ ✷✂✝

✇ ✴ ①❧➉ ✷❹✵

✇✵➊ ✴ ① ✵ ✴✰✳☎✵

✢✛✕✗✩■✠❅➧✡✌❅✁☎✞✡➦☎➧❇✩✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✔➺✟✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➔✁✛✥✇➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯◗✢✛✣✔✁☎✕✡➦➣✩✡☛✍✆✗✠❅➧✵✝

✴①❧➉ ✷❹✵

❄✽➋

➊ ✴ ① ✵ ✴♠➬❥✵

Ï➁✕ ✆✗✌✜✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✪✑✘☛✛✮❩✕✗✢✭✠❅✞✡✌✜✢✛✣✪✣✔➯✛✮❖✓✔✠➊✓✪➨➊✩✗✓✒✚◗✑✍✞✗✣✔✠➣✠☞✁➵✩✡☛✛✁✲✕✡☛▼✥→✞✗✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨ ✇✵➊ ✴ ① ✵➣➺❥➯

☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✪✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✛✣❤➩❑✢✖➯✛✯

➳❖➧✡☛❲✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣➎✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛➫✩✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✔➺✟✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➘✩✡✁❥☛✖➨❅✕✵❳✠■✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛▼☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✪✣✔➯

✁☎✕◗✠❅➧✡☛✏✌❅☛✖✢✛✣✪✓✆☎✖✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕◗✁✛✥❍✑✍✢✛✣✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✍✯✧➼➎✥♠✠☞☛✍✌❙➨☞☛✍✫✛☛✍✌✜✢✛✣✤✓✔✠☞☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➅✠❅➧✡☛❩✓✪✕✒➶✲✞✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛

✁✛✥✏➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯➲✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✿✢✛✕✗✩➴✠❅➧✡☛■☛✘➷✒✁✛✠❅➧✡☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✑✍✓✔✠⑧➯➴✁✛✥➎✁✒✑✍✑✍✞✡✌❅✌✜✓✪✕✡➦❲✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨

➺✤☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝☛❩✄●✞✗✑✜➧◗✄✝✁✛✌❅☛➎☛✖➨❅➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✰✯✧➳❖➧✗✢✭✠✂✓✪➨✼➩➎➧❹➯✝✥♠✁✛✌➅✠❅➧✡☛➎➺✤☛✍➦☎✓✪✕✗✕✗✓✪✕✡➦❋✁✛✥❞✑✍✢✛✣✪✑✍✞✗✣✪✢⑦➭

✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➎✓✪✕■✠❅➧✡☛❴✆✗✌❅✁✛✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩❇✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✤➩✂☛●✑✍✢✛✕★➨☞☛✖✣✔☛✖✑✘✠✏✣✪✓✪✕✡☛✖✢✭✌❖✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕■✁✛✥✧✠❅➧✡☛

✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛➔➺✤☛✍✠⑧➩✂☛✍☛✖✕➲➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯❲✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❋✁☎✕➻✠❅➧✡☛◗➨❅✞✡✌❅✥→✢✛✑✘☛➔✢✛✕✗✩➻✁☎✕➲✠❅➧✡☛

➺✤✁✛✠☞✠☞✁☎✄ ✁✛✥✇✠❅➧✡☛❴✩✗✞✗✄✝✆❞✯

✄ ✁✛✌★➨☞☛✍✠☞✠❅✓✪✕✡➦➸✠❅➧✡☛➫✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✏✩✗✓✪➨☞✠☞✌✜✓✔➺✟✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➵✁✛✥●➧❥✞✗✄➣✓✪✩✗✓✔✠⑧➯➘✠❅➧✡☛❲☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✪✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✛✣

✩✗✢✭✠❅✢ ✢✭✌❅☛➫✠☞✁ ➺✤☛➫✞✗➨☞☛✖✩❤✮❩➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧❮✢✭✌❅☛➻✠☞✁➘➺✤☛➫➦✛✁✛✠❇✥♠✁✛✌▼✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✪✣✔☛✖✩ ➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩ ➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛

(7)

➳❖➧✡☛✿✆✗✌❅✁✛➺✟✣✔☛✖✄ ➺✤☛✖✑✘✁☎✄✝☛✖➨❴✢■✣✪✓✔✠☞✠❅✣✔☛✿➺✟✓✔✠❋✄✝✁✛✌❅☛➣✑✘✁☎✄✝✆✟✣✪✓✪✑✍✢✭✠☞☛✖✩➫✓✪✕❲✠❅➧✡☛➣✑✍✢✛➨☞☛➣✁✛✥

✣✪✢✛✄➣✓✪✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➲✁✛✥➎☛✖✕❹✫✒✓✔✌❅✁☎✕✗✄✝☛✖✕❹✠✍✯➫✦★✁✒✩✡☛✍✌✜✕➴✠☞☛✖✑✜➧✗✕✡✁☎✣✔✁✛➦☎✓✔☛✖➨✿✁✛✥➎✠❅➧✡☛➊➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛➊➺✟✞✡✌✜✓✪✢✛✣

✁☎✕➵✠❅➧✡☛■➨☞✁☎✣✪✓✪✩➲➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛★✣✪✢✛✕✗✩✂✁✲✣✪✣✪➨❴✕✡☛✍☛✖✩➸✠❅➧✡☛❇✢✛✣✔✠☞☛✍✌✜✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➴✁✛✥✏✠❅➧✡☛➊➩❑✢✛➨☞✠☞☛■➺❥➯➴✠❅➧✡☛

✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✜➨●✁✛✥❖✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✪✕✡➦■✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✍✌✜✓✪✢✛✣❩✴→➨❅✢✛✕✗✩❤✮✇✑✍✣✪✢✖➯✛✮✧➦✛✌✜✢✖✫✛☛✖✣♠✵✜✯▼➳❖➧✗✢✭✠✞❳➨✚➩➎➧❹➯➫✠❅➧✡☛◗✢✛✑❪➭

✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠➔✁✛✥❴✄●✞✗✣✔✠❅✓❷➭⑧✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✜✕✡☛✖➨❅➨➔✓✪➨➣✓✪✕❹✠☞✌❅✁✒✩✗✞✗✑✘☛✖✩➘✓✪✕❹✠☞✁➻✠❅➧✡☛▼✄➣✢✭✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✏✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣✰✯

✂✁✛✌❅✌❅☛✖➨☞✆✤✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✪✕✡➦✚➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯➔✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❑✢✭✌❅☛❴➨☞☛✍✠❖✁☎✕➊✠❅➧✡☛✖➨☞☛❴✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✜➨✍✯➅✦★✁✛✌❅☛✍✁✬✫✛☛✍✌✖✮

✠❅➧✡☛●✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✪✕✡➦✿✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✍✌✜✓✪✢✛✣❞✩✡✁❥☛✖➨❅✕✵❳✠❖✠❅✢✭✃✛☛✚✆✟✢✭✌❅✠➎✓✪✕■✠❅➧✡☛❴➺✟✓✔✁✒✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✤✌❅☛✖✢✛✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✍✮

➩➎➧✗✢✭✠➎✓✪➨❑✠❅✢✭✃✛☛✖✕▼✓✪✕❹✠☞✁➣✢✛✑✍✑✘✁☎✞✗✕❹✠✏✓✪✕➊✠❅➧✡☛❴✄✝✁✒✩✡☛✖✣❤✠☞✁❥✁✡✯

➳❖➧✡☛❙✓✔✠☞☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✫✛☛❖✆✗✌❅✁✒✑✘☛✖➨❅➨✧✑✘✁☎✕❹✫✛☛✍✌❅➦✛☛✖➨❑✓✪✕●✠❅➧✗✓✪➨✧✑✍✢✛➨☞☛❖✠☞✁❥✁✡✮✒➧✡✁✬➩✂☛✍✫✛☛✍✌➅✠☞✁❴➦✛☛✍✠➅✕✡☛✖✑❪➭

☛✖➨❅➨❅✢✭✌❅➯★✢✛✑✍✑✍✞✡✌✜✢✛✑✘➯❲✓✔✠✏✕✡☛✍☛✖✩✗➨❩✄✝✁✛✌❅☛✿✓✔✠☞☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✍✯✏➼✏➨✏➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯■✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➎✠❅➧✡☛

✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✚✁✛✥❙✠❅➧✡☛❲➚❪➭⑧➨☞✠✍✮✂✶✬➭⑧✕✗✩➲✁✛✌✿✠❅➧✡☛■✳✬➭➉✌✜✩➴➨☞✁✛✌❅✠✿✄➣✢✖➯➲➺✤☛◗✞✗➨☞☛✖✩❤✯

✌❅✁☎✄ ✠❅➧✡☛

✆✟➧❹➯✒➨❅✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✛✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠❤✁✛✥✒✫✒✓✔☛✍➩➲✠❅➧✡☛✼➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯✏✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❤✁✛✥✒✠❅➧✡☛✂✶✬➭⑧✕✗✩✚➨☞✁✛✌❅✠❍✢✭✌❅☛✂✄✝✁✛✌❅☛

✑✘✁✛✌❅✌❅☛✖✑✘✠✂✢✛➨✧✠❅➧✡☛✍➯✿✩✡☛✖➨❅✑✘✌✜✓✔➺✤☛✂➺✤☛✖➧✗✢✖✫✒✓✔✁✛✌✧✁✛✥❤✢❋➨☞✠☞✌❅☛✖✢✛✄ ✁✛✥✤➧✡☛✖✢✭✠➅✢✭✠✼✠❅➧✡☛❙➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌✜✓✔☛✖➨✍✯

Ï❚✠●✓✪➨✚➨❅✞✡✆✗✆✤✁☎➨☞☛✖✩➫✠❅➧✗✢✭✠✚✠❅➧✡☛➔✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛◗✑✜➧✗✢✛✕✡➦✛☛✖➨✿✢✛✣✔✁☎✕✡➦★➨☞✆✟✢✛✑✘☛➊✢✭✌❅☛➔✆✗✌❅✁✛✆✤✁✛✌☞➭

✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗✢✛✣✗✠☞✁●✠❅➧✡☛✏✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕✗✑✘☛❖✁✛✥❤✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✖➨✼➺✤☛✍✠⑧➩✂☛✍☛✖✕➔✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑➎✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯✝✢✛✕✗✩

➧✗✓✔➦☎➧ ➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯➍➌➏➎●✁✛✥●✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✪✕✡➦➴✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✍✌✜✓✪✢✛✣➔✴→➨☞☛✍☛➫☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➍✴✰❒☎✵☞✵✜✮❴✢✛✕✗✩ ➺✤☛✘➭

✠⑧➩✂☛✍☛✖✕➫✣✔✁✬➩ ➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯❲➌➏➎➏➐❿➑✏✁✛✥✼✓✪✕✗➨❅✞✗✣✪✢✭✠❅✓✪✕✡➦➣✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✍✌✜✓✪✢✛✣❁✢✛✕✗✩★✁✛✌❅➦☎✢✛✕✗✓✪✑✚✑✜➧✡☛✖✄➣✓✪➨☞✠☞✌❅➯

✴→➨☞☛✍☛✚☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕➲✴➒✏☎✵☞✵▼✝

✈❧✇

✈●①

➑⑦✴✇➍➓⑥✇✵➔→ ✵ ➉P① ❄ ➌➏➎ ✴✰❒☎✵

✈❧✇

✈●①

❖✙➣

✴✇➍➓⑥✇✵➔→↔✂↕ ✵ ➉P① ❄ ➌➏➎➏➐❿➑ ➉ ✴➒✏☎✵

➩➎➧✡☛✍✌❅☛

➭ ✇✵➔→ ✢✛✕✗✩ ✇✵➔→↔✂↕ ✢✭✌❅☛➊✠❅➧✡☛■✑✘✁✛✌❅✌❅☛✖➨☞✆✤✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✪✕✡➦★✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✖➨●✁✛✥➎✠❅➧✡☛➊✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✢✭✌✜✑✜➧✡☛✖✩

✣✪✢✖➯✛☛✍✌✖✢

➑✏✢✛✕✗✩

❖✙➣

✢✭✌❅☛❴✠❅➧✡☛✚✑✘✁❥☛✛✚◗✑✍✓✔☛✖✕❹✠❅➨➎✁✛✥✇✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛❴✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✞✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✫✒✓✔✠⑧➯✛✮✗➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧■✢✭✌❅☛

✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✡☛✖✩➊☛✘➷✒✆✤☛✍✌✜✓✪✄✝☛✖✕❹✠❅✢✛✣✪✣✔➯✛✯

➳❖➧✡☛✝☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨➔✴✰✶☎✵✏➭✿✴➒✏☎✵❩✌❅☛✍✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕❹✠❴✠❅➧✡☛➔✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣❷➭➉➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯➊✆✗✌❅✁✛➺✟✣✔☛✖✄◆✓✪✕

✆✟✢✭✌❅✠❅✓✪✢✛✣❞✩✡☛✍✌✜✓✔✫✭✢✭✠❅✓✔✫✛☛✖➨✍✯

➳❖➧✡☛✼✥♠✁✛✌✜✄●✞✗✣✪✢✭✠☞☛✖✩✚✆✗✌❅✁✛➺✟✣✔☛✖✄ ✓✪➨❍➨☞✁☎✣✔✫✛☛✖✩●➩➎✓✔✠❅➧❴✠❅➧✡☛✂➧✡☛✖✣✔✆✚✁✛✥✗✥♠✁✛✌✜✄➣✢✛✣✪✓✔✠❅✓✔☛✖➨✍✮✬➺✟✢✛➨☞☛✖✩

✁☎✕➐✠❅➧✡☛➙✁✲✕✗✓✔✠☞☛▼✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕✗✑✘☛▼✄✝☛✍✠❅➧✡✁✒✩❤✯ ➳❖➧✡☛▼➨☞✁☎✣✪✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ✓✪➨➔➨☞✁☎✞✡➦☎➧❹✠➊✓✪✕➘✠❅➧✡☛❲✢✭✌❅☛✖✢

➛ ✝✲➽✷✠➜ ① ➜➍➌➉ ▲✌➝ ✷⑦➪❍➩➎✓✔✠❅➧■✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✲✢✛✕✗✩■➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✗✢✭✌❅➯◗✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❋✴✰✳☎✵✂➭✏✴➒✏☎✵✜✯

❯❞☛✍✠➊✞✗➨◗✥♠✁✛✌➊✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ✁✛✥✚✕❥✞✗✄✝☛✍✌✜✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✏➨☞✁☎✣✪✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ✠☞✁➵➨❅✞✡➺✟➨☞✠❅✓✔✠❅✞✡✠☞☛★✠❅➧✡☛

✢✭✌❅☛✖✢

(8)

✢➙✁✲✕✗✓✔✠☞☛➔✢✭✌❅✌✜✢✖➯➻✁✛✥❙✠❅➧✡☛◗✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠❅➨✍✮✇✣✔➯✒✓✪✕✡➦❇✓✪✕➻✠❅➧✗✓✪➨✚✢✭✌❅☛✖✢✒✯➞❯❞☛✍✠✿✞✗➨●✑✍✢✛✣✪✣✼✠❅➧✗✓✪➨✚✢✭✌❅✌✜✢✖➯ ➺❥➯➔✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕✗✑✘☛✏✄✝☛✖➨❅➧❤✮❹✠❅➧✡☛✏✆✤✁☎✓✪✕❹✠❅➨✼✠❅➧✡☛✖✄➣➨☞☛✖✣✔✫✛☛✖➨❨☞✝➺❥➯➣✕✡✁✒✩✡☛✖➨✍✮✒✢✛✕✗✩➣✠❅➧✡☛✏✥→✞✗✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕ ➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧❇✓✪➨❙✩✡☛✍✠☞☛✍✌✜✄➣✓✪✕✡☛✖✩■✓✪✕■✢✛✕❹➯➊➩❑✢✖➯➊✁☎✕■✠❅➧✗✓✪➨❖✢✭✌❅✌✜✢✖➯✎☞◗➺❥➯■✄✝☛✖➨❅➧➊✥→✞✗✕✗✑✘✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✵✝ ➛✤➟✜➠ ❋ ✝✟➽✔✴①■➡ ❄✼➢☛➤ ➉ ➢✱❄

✷ ➉ ➚ ➉ ✶ ➉ ⑧✞⑧✞⑧ ➉✛➥ ✵ ➉ ▲➧➦

❄❡➨✣➩

➨➞❄

✷ ➉ ➚ ➉ ✶ ➉ ⑧✞⑧✞⑧➪❂⑧

Ï➁✕➔☛✍✫✛☛✍✌❅➯◗✕✡✁✒✩✡☛✿✴❼➫ ➡✗➉ ▲➧➦✡✵✧✁✛✥❞✠❅➧✡☛❋✩✗✓❷➱✤☛✍✌❅☛✖✕✗✑✘☛✏✄✝☛✖➨❅➧➔✠❅➧✡☛❋✕❥✞✗✄✝☛✍✌✜✓✪✑✍✢✛✣✟➨☞✁☎✣✪✞✡✠❅✓✔✁☎✕

✇ ✴❼➫ ➡✗➉ ▲➧➦✡✵✜✮✡➩➎➧✗✓✪✑✜➧◗✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠☞☛✖➨ ✇ ✴❼➫ ➉ ▲❅✵✼➩➎✓✔✠❅➧➊✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✔➦☎✕✡☛✖✩◗✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣✟✢✛✕✗✩➊➺✤✁☎✞✗✕✗✩✒➭

✢✭✌❅➯■✑✘✁☎✕✗✩✗✓✔✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨✍✮✡✓✪➨❙➨☞✁☎✞✡➦☎➧❹✠✍✯

❯❞☛✍✠✝✞✗➨✝✩✡☛✖✕✡✁✛✠☞☛ ✇ ✴❼➫ ➡✜➉ ▲➧➦✗✵

❄✑➭

✯➸➳❖➧✡☛✖✕➴➩✂☛❇✑✍✢✛✕➵✌❅☛✍✆✗✌❅☛✖➨☞☛✖✕❹✠✿✠❅➧✡☛❇✓✪✕✗✓✔✠❅✓✪✢✛✣

☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕▼✴✰✶☎✵❁✁☎✕➣✠❅➧✡☛❖✢✛➨❅➨❅✓✔➦☎✕✡☛✖✩➣✄✝☛✖➨❅➧ ➛ ✢✛➨➅✢❴➨☞➯✒➨☞✠☞☛✖✄ ✁✛✥❤✢✛✣✔➦✛☛✍➺✗✌✜✢✛✓✪✑❑☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨

✴➉þ✛✵▼✝ ➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ➓ ➭ ➦ ➡ ➩ ❄ ❄ ➚ ➤✽➯❱➲ ➡ ➐❿➑✬✴➭

➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ✵ ➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ➐❿➑ ➓ ➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ➤ ➓ ➲ ➡ ✴➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ✵ ➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ➓ ➭ ➦✗➐❿➑ ➡ ❊ ➑

➤ ➳ ⑤➵⑦

✴➭ ➦✗➐❿➑

✵ ➉ ✴➉þ✛✵

➩➎➧✡☛✍✌❅☛ ➩ ✓✪➨❑✠❅➧✡☛✚➨☞✠☞☛✍✆❇➺❥➯◗✠❅✓✪✄✝☛✛✮ ➤ ✓✪➨❙✠❅➧✡☛❴➨☞✠☞☛✍✆★➺❥➯➊➨☞✆✟✢✛✑✘☛✛✯ ➳❖➧✗✓✪➨✚➨☞➯✒➨☞✠☞☛✖✄ ✁✛✥➎☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨●✌❅☛✖✢✛✣✪✓✆☎✍☛✖➨●✠❅➧✡☛➊➩✂☛✖✣✪✣❷➭➉✃✒✕✡✁✬➩➎✕➸✓✪✄✝✆✟✣✪✓✪✑✍✓✔✠➸❯❍✢✛✢✛➨☞✁☎✕ ➨❅✑✜➧✡☛✖✄✝☛✛✯✼➳❖➧✡☛❑✆✟✢✭✌✜✢✛✄✝☛✍✠☞☛✍✌ ➲ ➡ ✢✛✣✪✣✔✁✬➩➎➨✇✠❅➧✡☛❖✢✭✆✗✆✗✌❅✁✖➷✡✓✪✄➣✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✿✁✛✥✲✠❅➧✡☛❖✩✡☛✍✆✤☛✖✕✗✩✡☛✖✕✗✑✘☛ ③ ✁☎✕■✠☞☛✖✄✝✆✤☛✍✌✜✢✭✠❅✞✡✌❅☛✛✯

✥ ✓✔✠❅➧✚✠❅➧✡☛❑➧✡☛✖✣✔✆✚✁✛✥✗☛✘➷✒✆✟✢✛✕✗➨❅✓✔✁☎✕✚✁✛✥✗✠❅➧✡☛✂☛✖➮❥✞✗✢✭✠❅✓✔✁☎✕✗➨❁➨☞➯✒➨☞✠☞☛✖✄ ✴➉þ✛✵❍✓✪✕❹✠☞✁✏➳❁✢✖➯✒✣✔✁✛✌✖❳➨

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