The bone drilling is common in orthopaedic surgery. The success of this surgery is
dependent on many factors, namely on the heat generation control during the bone
drilling. The main concern in bone drilling is the mechanical and thermal damage
induced by inappropriate parameters, as drill speed and feed-rate.
Motivation:
Find the best drill conditions where the increase in bone temperature
would be minimal (considering the criterion of temperature, above 47º C) [1].
•
Two biomechanical test blocks with similar density to the human bone were
chosen for the composite materials study.
•
Thermocouples (K-type) and a thermographic camera were used to measure the
temperature inside the blocks and in the drill bit, respectively.
•
The thermocouples were placed in adjacent positions to the drill bit.
•
Different feed-rates and drill speeds were considered, in order to evaluate the
influence on the drilling process.
[1] Eriksson RA et al. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 50:101-107, 1983. [2] Aerssens J et al. Endocrinology, 139:663-670, 1998. [3] Fernandes et al. BioMedWomen, 20-23 June, 2015.
•
Temperature evaluation in composite materials and
ex-vivo
bovine bones, during
the drilling process.
•
Different experimental methods were used, considering the effects of feed-rate,
drill speed, hole depth and the temperature variation between different materials.
3- NUMERICAL MODEL: HEAT PROPAGATION
•
Eight samples of bovine femur were obtained from a local butchers to
the ex-vivo
study (mechanical properties similar to human bone, [2]).
•
The samples have been prepared to obtain just the cortical bone tissue (epiphysis,
bone marrow and periosteum were removed leaving only the mid-diaphysis).
•
To retain the mechanical and thermo-physical properties, all samples were kept moist
in saline solution with gauze swabs and stored in plastic bags at -4ºC.
•
Different parameters were used to evaluate the influence on the drilling process.
1.1 Objectives
Graphs (a), (b) and (c) represent the temperatures at different positions of the
thermocouples (Side A), with 30mm of depth; feed-rate V'=25, V''=50 and
V'''=75mm/min; and constant drill speed 800rpm.
Graph (d) represents the temperature, at different positions of the thermocouples in
Side B for one drilled hole, with a feed-rate V’= 25mm/min and a drill speed 800rpm.
•
The present study showed the combinations of different drill parameters producing temperatures far below the critical values.
•
The application of high drill speeds and feed-rates reduce the heat generated during bone drilling process and decreasing the osteonecrosis in cortical bone.
•
The values of temperature in the drilling process of
ex vivo
bovine tissue were lower than the drilling process of composite materials.
ParametersDrill diameter 4 (mm) Drill point angle 118º Drill length 30, 8(mm) Drill speed 600, 800, 900, 1200 (rpm) Feed-rate 25, 50, 75 (mm/min)
•
In the
ex-vivo
study only the the thermal camera was
used to measure the temperature in drill bit, before
and after of drilling process.
•
The holes were carried out at room temperature
without cooling.
Parameters
Drill diameter 4 (mm) Drill point angle 118º Drill length 8 (mm) Drill speed 800, 900 (rpm) Feed-rate 50 (mm/min)
Drill speed [rpm] ΔT [ºC]
M ± SD [Range]
600 (n=6) 102.75 ± 14.16 [77.80-115.80]
1200 (n=6) 87.45 ± 7.25 [76.20-97.0]
MMean value, SDStandard Deviation, nnumber of holes, ΔTTemperature variation Table- 3 Temperature variation from drill bit, before and after drilling, in composite materials to holes with 30 mm of depth.
Drill speed [rpm]
Composite material Ex-vivostudy
M ± SD [Range] M ± SD [Range]
800 (n=8) 68.95 ± 2.60 [65.90-73.60] (n=23) 39.80 ± 6.57 [32.80-48.37]
900 (n=8) 68.00 ± 7.72 [54.20-79.40] (n=25) 39.78 ± 2.08 [35.55-47.02]
MMean value, SDStandard Deviation, nnumber of holes
In order to compare the obtained results in composite materials and
ex-vivo
studies,
several holes with 8mm of depth were made with different parameters.
Table 4 shows the mean values in different holes made with a drill speed: 800 and
900rpm and a constant feed-rate V’’=50mm/min.
Table- 4 Temperature variation from drill bit, before and after drilling, in composite materials to holes with 8 mm of depth.
•
It is concluded that the increase in feed-rate causes lesser increase in the bone
tissue temperature.
•
The thermocouples position showed a constant distribution of temperatures, with
a decreasing tendency when thermocouple is farthest from the hole.
•
The temperature decreases with increasing drill speed.
•
Temperature in the cutting tool is higher in holes made in composite materials.
•
Temperature in the cutting tool increases with the increasing depth of the hole.
•
For holes with a depth of 30mm were obtained a range equal to [76.2-115.8] and
the holes with 8mm the range is equal to [32.8-79.4].
•
In a real situation, the drilling will never exceed 8mm of depth and therefore the
measured temperatures in this study are far from the critical values.
Table- 1 Parameters of drilling.
Table- 2 Parameters of drilling.
Table 3 represents the temperature variation from the drill bit with drill speed 600 and
1200rpm and feed-rate as constant V’’=50mm/min.
6
th
International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design
Ponta Delgada/Azores, 26-30 July 2015
1INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 2LAETA-INEGI/UMNMEE Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
3CITAB, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
1. INTRODUCTION
2. DRILLING IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS
3. DRILLING IN
EX-VIVO
BOVINE MATERIAL
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5. CONCLUSIONS
,
- . % +
- . % +
,
0
)
!
"
!
#
1
$ %
$
#
#
&
2
'
( )
"
*
! &
3
,
#+ #," #
-
# .
" "
# ") (
!
" #$%"$$& $ '() *
+ , - .
'
"/# "%0 $ ' &
$ '() *
(
/
" (
%"-" /
0
,0- "
,1
1, - # )" ##," )2
# 1 "# (
1(
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
4
-/ "
# ")
# " ) 0& 03#,
0-# (
1(
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
# ")
,0 1
#4#-0
#
(
, )
#0$%0
$ ' & $ '() *
+ 2 3
+
3 *4
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
# .
"
- %#. 4"01, 0& %"0 % #
#," - (
/(
( +
"5
%05
& $ '() *
+ . 6 *
. (
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
#
5
/ #
"
"
04
"0
-#
,0
. "
# )" ##," )(
*
7
/ 3
5%0/ & $ '() *
+
*
*3
0 . 4 & $ '() *
#" "
%#. 4"01,
. ,
#,"5
"0
,# ) .# " ) 0&
0 ,1
"0 (
'8
9+
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() * &
(-
' 7 (-
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() * &
() 1 + )(
# 5 %"$ & $ '() *
+
:
*
'
#
3 *%0
3
& $ '() *
# .
"
#," - "
#
-
# " " #(
,
1
-!
. %0 $ ' & $ '() *
+ .;
$
7 <
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
0
" "5
"0
&0, 1
"
%-#
#4#-0
#
(
*
'8
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
+
'
'
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
(
, "04 1- ,
0, .0 # "
# .
"
# ") (
(:
(
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
+
'
'
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
#
6
# .
"
- %#. 4"0, 0&
4
#
#," -
,1
1,#
--
-# (
=(
(
> ) "
' '('
? 5 64
* ) &
4
# #
7
# .
"
- %#. 4"0, 0& 0&
%"0
#," - (
1
'
/ , )
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() * & $ +
. '
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
+ . 6 $
'
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
#
5
0
# ,1
"4# " #
"0
# . "61# &0,
#," -
,1
1,# (
, @
5 3
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() * & (:
( @
" #$%"$$& $ '() *
+ , @ 1
**
0 1,&
< *
.#,
-
0 &0, "
%1"- " ) (
. '
*3
0
3
+ .;
5 *
0
3
& $ '() *
,"%0-0)/
,#
&0, .").#, #&&" "#
/
,#-" %"-" /(
1 -
. '
"/# "%0 $ ' & $ '() * &
, )
'
"/# "%0 $ ' & $ '() * &
-
+
-!
"/# "%0 $ ' & $ '() *
+ , )
"/# "%0 $ ' &
$ '() *
,# / -" )
,# 1 # 0& "
1 ," -
.01 #.0-
3 # "
0
#3
0
0 " #
#," - (
A<
"
1%0 $ ' & $ '() *
+ .
1
"/# "%0 $ ' & $ '() *
(
61 -" /
0
,0-
# ,0-0)/ "
# )" ##," )(
,
B
+
5".& $ '() * & ,
B
*
;
"$7 & $ '() *
+ ,
B C* 3
"$7 & $ '() *
4
.#, 0 /
"
&-1" (
* '
?
#0$%0 $ ' & $ '() *
0
1
"0
-
# .
" "
# ") (
2
) D4
) 5
)4( 0 3
' &
4
&"%#, % #
#," - 2
# ") (
#4#-0
#
-"
"0 (
.
,
B
( 0 . 4 & $ '() *
+
+ B
'
0 . 4 & $ '() *
6
."
&"-
0
" ) "
,"%0-0)/(
*
3 *
50 %0
-
& $ '() *
+ 5 -
$ *6
0
('4 -!'
& 0 E
7
4
#
" ,# "5
"0
# . "61# "
0
1
"0
-
# .
" (
, )
* 4
"/# "%0 $ ' &
$ '() *
+
* 1 F(
"/# "%0 $ ' & $ '() *
5
&# / "
300
#," - (
#*<
6
"$ & $ '() *
+
B
"$ & $ '() *
7
%
*
8
%
%
2
-0 3
'
? $ '
$ '() *
0 3
'
? 5
'
+
0 3
'
?
<
$ '() *
'
%
8 &
)
9
0 $ '
:
9
0 5
'
;
, !
$ !
99
<
(
(
&
!
( 8
=
> 8 ? %
(
@
4 A(
)
(
)
99
'
( . 9#
;
'
(
8 9
;
( 9
!
;
!
(
& 9
;
B
(
9)
;
(
9
;
<
(
9
;
C
(
9
;
%
:
( - 9"
;
%
( 8 9
;
%
( 8 9
;
%
(
8 9
;
%
( ,
9
;
%
( 8 9
;
%
( 8 9 * A
;
%
( & 9&
;
( # 9
;
(
9
;
( 8 , 9
;
(
& 9
;
(
9
;
(
9
;
(
9
;
(
9
*
;
( 8 - 9&
;
( 8 9
;
(
9
;
(
9"
;
(
9
;
( 91 ;
:( 8 9%
;
( ) 9
;
( - 9
;
(
9
;
(
9
;
#'
( 8 9
;
#
( 8 - 9
;
&
( , 9
;
&
(
9
;
&
(
9
;
&
( 8 ) 9
;
& DA (
9
;
&
# 9
;
)
( # 9)
;
)
(
9
)
( ,
9
;
. E
(
9
;
"
(
9
;
"
A :( 5 9
;
"
(
9,
;
8
(
91F;
8
( ,
9
;
F
( & 8 9
!
;
F
( 3 9)
;
F
:
( 9)
;
-
( F 9)
;
-
(
9
*
;
-
( ) 9% A ;
-
( 8 9
;
-
( . 9
;
- ( 8
9.
F
;
( - 9
;
( -
9
;
(
91 ;
G
(
9
;
( , 9
;
( / 98
;
(
9"
;
(
9
;
( & 6 9
;
: (
9,
;
( , # 9
;
( , 91F;
( , 9
;
( & 9
;
(
9
;
( / 98
;
(
& 9
;
(
:
9
;
(
9
;
( . 9
;
(
9"
;
A
: ( # 9
;
(
9
;
(
8 91 ;
(
91F;
6
( 0 9% A ;
,
( F 9"
;
,
( 8
91 ;
,
(
9
;
, '
( 8 # 9
;
, '
( 8 9"
;
,
(
% 9
;
,
( . 9
;
,
( 8
9
;
, G
(
9
;
, A( ) 9
;
, A : (
9 A
, ;
@(
9
;
( 4 9%
;
( 8
9
;
(
9
;
' ( 8 9
;
: (
9
;
(
8 9
;
( -
9
;
)
( 8 & 9
;
EH
(
9 *
;
(
9
;
( -
9
;
( , 9
;
( / 9
;
( !A
9
;
:
(
98
;
(
9
;
: ( # 9% A ;
A ( 4 9-
;
( 8
9
;
(
9
;
(
8 9
;
(
# 91F;
A ( , 9)
;
4
.
E :(
9%
;
4
( . 9
;
4
G
(
9
;
4 A(
@
9
;
4
%
( 8 9
;
3
( 3
9
*
;
3
( ) 91 ;
/
(
98
;
/
( /
9
;
5
( + 9
;
I
:
' 7:
3'0
,
;
,
1
<<+
7:
' 5:
,
<<+
5:
' 5:(
,
,
5:( '
:
1 3 ,
,
'
=
*"
*9
1
-
'
4
$ ? ,
*3
-
0 $ ' & $ '() *
0
1
-
(+ '
(-4
$ ? $ '
0
+ *
)&
-!
:
91
!
(
;
3
0 ,
,
>
-
,2
-
-
-!
1
9
1
( 8
;
?
,
0, , 3 2,
3
?
-
0
,
3
:
'
:4
,22
'0
1
<<+
:4 '
:(
,
'
9%
.
64 F(
8
4 4 G . )( +0
.
64 F(
7
4 , - . '0 < *
.
4 , B .0 < *
J
4 () 1 + )((+ '
(-K
4 =( (2
'
7L
4 2 ) D4 )'
7I
4, B +
, !2 LLMN .# ,# "
#--1- , #," - % # 0 0 0 " # 9)/ 1 "-" ; %" #, # 4 4 (
" F A : ( 4 ( " 4
5 :
, !2 LILK
#3 # .0 &0, .# ,# 0 ,1 "0 0& " 0 -# # #+ #," # # , - ,# 0 #
," # 8 =
( - % (
+ (
, !2 LMM7 &1--/ " -" " 0 1 "0
-,0 . 0 / "
#- " "0 1 #, - ,)#
" - # # ( ( 8 = ,
, !2 LLIO #" "
,# %"-" "0 0& %1"- " ) 2
, "5 "0 0& " &0, "0 &0, %"
& (
8 ? ( (
A
, !2 LIMJ #+ #," # -" 4# -") "0 0
,0 ) "0 0& " % " .# ,
% - ( (
5 ( % 5 ( & '
-, !2 LION
#3 / # 0& ."). 0, #, #-# # % # 0 # . &,## ) -#,F"
&0, 1- "0 /
3 ( . ( + .
, !2 LIKO
" " - ,0 # 0 ,0- .# " 0, # 0& 1 " ) -"%, #
# 1,# # #61" # # 1 / 8 = % (
, !2 LLPL #4#-0 # 0& 0 "&"# 3# %"-" / 1,& # 0
# --" 1% , # %/ .0, 1- # - #,
" ,0 ,1 1," )
, 8 ( 8 8
%G ( 4 ( 8
-0
, !2 LM7M " 4# ") "0 0&
.#, -# . " -,0 #, "# 0& 61# . %-# ."). ,# ) . ##- " .0 " )
) Q ( (
( 8 "A
, !2 LKLL 1 / 0 .#
# . " -#,&0, # 0& -1 " 1 --0/ O LO F" %1 80" 3" . #-# ,0 %# 3#- " )
#B ( :
B ( )
! ( 4
( F
F :
, !2 LLM " - # #" " %#. 4"0, 0& ,0 ) 0 ,/ " &"-- 0 (
( )
, !2 LIM7
" ,# 0 # 0& &0 &"--#
0 ,# # 1 " )
,0 . #, #
/ # / - (
5 E - ( 5 8 ( - G
, !2 LIKM "4# 01 -" ) 0-# 1- , / " 00 .# 0-# 1- , / " 9 ; # .0 &0, 0 # . " ! . ( / - ( + 5
, !2 LLMP ,0 . 0 .# -"%, "0 0& --" #, " 0 IIPL27J
M
, !2 LOOO
# ") # " "4" / -/ " 0& .#, -0 1 "4" / 0&
0 #," - ( .
-8 ( . : F (
/ :
, !2 LMNL
0-#, # -/ " 0& ." 3 -- &, ,1 1, -#-# # 1 " )
0 0), ." " )" ) # E (
' ( 8
% ( ' "AG ( ( 8 = 4 ( / A( ! "
, !2 LKLK 1 #, - "
#&0, "0 0& ' %, 1 #, &," "0 0 " "0
B : (
- (
-,
, !2 LLNM " / 1,4# &0, ,#" &0, #
0 ,# # %1"- " ) # ") # "
0, # 3" . 0, 1)1# # ,#)1- "0 8 ?
, !2 LIML 0 " %"-" / " 0& &#,,0 ) # "
0 - #-# 0- , 40, #+ , &0, "0 0 ,0--# %/ # . " - -0
6 ( 3 E
( / 5
, !2 LIPP " 0 ,# "%-#
#," - 0" # .0 &0, &,## 1,& # &-03 &
5 ( + 5 (
/
-, !2 LLKM " # )# # / # # # "
-0 0 # " .# " ,04# # 0& 61 -" / ) '
( 8 = ! (
- (
( ,
, !2 LOKJ
80" # " "4" / -/ " 0& 0 # #, 1,#
0-# 1- , / " .
-8 ( . : F (
/ :(
, !2 LO N 1 #," -#+ #," #
# # # 0& .# " - # #
&"#-0 -#
8 ? , ' ( .
- ( (
@ 4 A
, !2 LK7N .0,"50 - -0
. #&&# " , 0-1 1 #, %" +" - %# " ) .
, ( =
& ( < C (
. ' 4
, !2 LMKO #+ #," # -" 4# -") "0 0& .#
0 ,# ) .
0& 0-/" " # ), ." # 1 #,
"&&#,# # #, 1,#
. - ( 6 * (
, !2 LINO "&&#,# " -61 , 1,# " # &" " # #-# #
# .0 &0, ,1 1,
-/ " / ! + ( ' 6 ( 8 )
, !2 LOK7 # 1 "0 &0, # )" ##," )
, R ,0 1 #4#-0 # 61 -" / 0 ,0-2
# 1 / @ & ( - S ,
, !2 LKLM ,#" &0, # #
.# 0 -# 0& # # " 01
#," - # &,0 3." # # # 3" . 1- "3
--,%0 0 1%#
: B (
% : (
& ) : (
5 B ( F
F :
, !2 LKKK #+ #," # -,# # , . 0 .0-# # )# ,#
0 # , "0 0& -0 ) )- &"%#, ,#" &0, #
0-/ ,0 /-# # 0 0 " # + E / (
, !2 LKIJ 0 0 0 " / -"
. , #,"5 "0 0& .# 01 0& - # %#. 4"01, 0& "
0 ,/ 3 -- = & ( .
, ( < C
, !2 LILO # 1,# # 0& , "0 -" % # 0 " )#
0, .0-0)/ -)0," . +
5 . ( 5 .
, !2 LMJJ 0 0-0)/ 0 " "5 "0 0&
0 " 11 ,1 1,# 3" . 1 #, " / " -0 " ) ",# "0 8 - ( ) 3 (
+ ( 6 B
6
, !2 LOPP
.03 0 -/ #
81 )# . & &0, # -" )
-" "0 & :
% ( 3 .
, !2 LKO
&," "0 3# , ,0 #, "# 0& 1 -70I ), 0 0 " # ,# ,# %/ ,# "0 "--" )
/ ( ) - ( % - ( 5 B /
, !2 LMLJ "-0,# 3," F-#
#, ."#4# %/
" ,0 ,1 1,#
# %, # / (
F 5 ( ) : .
:( ' 4:
-
?
% *
4:
'
:4
,
'
9%
.
64 F(
4
( (
0
.
64 F(
%
4 $ !! * ''0 < *
4 / 0- 4
0 < *
4 .H , @
(+ '
(-K
4 =( (2
'
7L
4 2('
7K
4* 3 *
, !2 LILM
-/ " - %1 F-" ) -0 0& 0 ,# # &"--#
##-1%1- , 0-1 3" . " #,- /#,
-" ' (
"
, !2 LIP7 #+ #," #
--/ " 0& .# 0,")" 0& .#
" 0 ,0 / " / -" %#. 4"0, 0& .# 7J K
-1 " 1 --0/ '
, !2 LIO7 #-# "0 0&
#," - &0, " - 0& .# .1 ." 80"
# . 0-0)/ 0& .#", ." " ) 3" . ."). ,# " "0
61 -" / 0& .#," 1,& # ,
A (
, !2 LIMK
%" # 4",0 # " .# " # # 0& %1"- " ) 5
( T
, !2 LIMO - ,)#
0 ,0-- %"-" / 0& 0 " #40-1 "0 " &#,,0#-# ,"
0 0 4" " 0 ,0 " 1,& #
. ,)# ,## " )
3 + (
3 ( 3 E ( / 5
, !2 LMJ7
"5# #&&# -/ " 0& 0 ,# "4# ,# ) . &0, ,# / -# 0 ,# # 1 " ) .# %&# 0
" ,0 # . " / E ( 8 *
, !2 LM7I #-& 0,) "5#
0 0 0 " # 3# , ,# "
" - 0 " ) 3" . 1 #,"0,
,0 #, "# 8 E
( ( , :(
FH !( , 3 U ' ( 8 A ! F :
, !2 LIN .# " -0 #- &-0, # / 1,,# # " ) 0& 1,& # &- 3 "
30 - /#, # -- # 4 F : (
F :
, !2 LMJM " &-1# # 0& 3#- " ) #&# 0 . - LJJ
##-- #2
" ,0 ,1 1,# ,# " 1 - ,# #4 -1 "0 " & (
( )
, !2 LINJ 0 " " "0 0& " #,& # ,01). #
0 " ) ." F # 0 +" " # 0 " ) 1% , #
.# "0 . A ( 5 ! G F (
F :
, !2 LIMP
%" " ,1 1, --/ # 0& %1"- " ) 5
( 4 A
, !2 LMKP " 1- "0 0&
# "-# &, 1,# 0& ), ." # #," -% # 0 .#
)# #40-1 "0 # 1,# %/ ")" -" )# 0,,#- "0 # G 5 ( +
3 ( . 3 (
, !2 LMJL #+ #," # 1 "#
0 " "5 "0 # ") 0& 0,,1) #
3" . #- E . ( + . (
6
-, !2 LL 7
" # "0 0& .# 3# , 0& " #--#, 0& # ,"&1)
-1 0 # %/
. , # - &0, 1 " ) 0& 4" # 1 #, 4" "0
L
, !2 LM
#4 -1 "0 0& .# "& 0 .# % " 0& .# 4#, )# , " # #,)/
# " / 1 #, "+# 0 # '
( & %
, !2 LMII 0 %" # ,1 1, - .# - .
0 " 0," ) 3#"). " 0 "0 / # &0, , "-3 / %," )# & (
# 0' (
5 ( . 4 - (
A * F : * : ( (
, ' '
, !2 LINP & ")1# " ,04# # 0& 3#- # #-# # %/ 1- , 0 " "
,# # 91" ; / F
, !2 LLNI #+ #," #
-1 #," - -/ " 0& 0 " --#
.# "4# .0, % ' ( E ' . ( % E %
, !2 LII
0 -" # , / " 0 1 " ) 4 ," "0 -" #61 --" -"# 2 .#0,/
-" "0 :
, !2 LM O
/ " 3# " ) 0 -/0 ."-" "-- ,
,, /# 1,& # 6 A /
, !2 LLLM %"0 ,"%0-0)" -%#. 4"0, 0& ) 5, + + 0 " )
) " 1. 3 # &0, 80" ,0 .# #
#4" # 4 (
8 A - A(
' (
, !2 LMLO 61 " "
/ " " 1- "0 0& .## # -&0, " ) ,0 # # 1 " ) -" # , 61 , " 0-" .#-- #-# #
3 ( . ( & '
, !2 LMMP
.# 7 1- "4 ," # " " - 0 ,0-. , " / 3.# -"# 0 #61" #
0 ,0- A
- ( , (
4 - '
, !2 LMLL 0 "&" "0 0& # --" 1,& # %/ 1 -#+
,# #
" 40-4" ) #4#,# - "
#&0, "0
) ( / !
(
, !2 LO
,# " - # # -/ " 0& #%& 3" . 01%-# .# ,
#- 3" . -03 ,# ) .
##-% : A
, !2 LII7 -/ " 0& &,#61# /
# # # %#. 4"0, " &#,,0#-# ,"
#," - - ( / , !2 LLJN
# # # # 0& &," "0 &,0
,0 ) "0 0 .# -0 - ,# #
+ - ( + (
5 - ( 5 5 (
/ 3
, !2 LLNL " " 1 . # # 0,/ --0/ " #,- /#, 1 0, " ) -03 &," "0 3
0 " ) (
, !2 LMOJ 1 #," -,# " "0 0& 1 "-# &, 1,# -" " " ##
, 3" ) 0, # # . ( &
'
, !2 LMO " 1- "0 #+ #," # 0& " ,1 # #
" ,0 " # "0 &0, .# # ") 0&
#3 .").
# #, 1,# " ,0 " # #, + E - (
, :( 8 &
, !2 LMPN
.#,# # F" # " 0& 4" 0#- " )," #, 3" . " .#,# 1,& #
F" # 2 ,# 1 / 0 " 1 ,"
--" "0 1 : :( & * ( "
) A( 5 E
, !2 LO K -/ " 0& .# 1 # "%"-" / 0& " &"--" ) 0 ,/ 3 -- 0 , F 1#
0 4#, " -#&0, "0 0& 0 ,# # ,1 1,# ,
( . <
, !2 LIIL ,# " "0 0& - ,)# -" 1 #
0 -" # , / " ,# 0 # 0&
.#, --/ %1 F-# 0 0 " # - # " 0 %" #
# 4",0 # -- ( % / - ( 6
) ( , .
, !2 LL7J
-0)/ # . "61# 0& 0 # . #
, " - -0 # &0, - 1 . 4#." -#
5 3 (
/ 5
-, !2 LOJL .# #&&# 0& .,0 "1 0 # 0 1 " )
#,&0, # 0+" "0 ,# " # 0&
0 " ) :(
, !2 LMKL 1- # # / 1,,# " # &,#61# / -/ " " # # " ) .#
0,,0 "0 " ,"%1 "0 " 1- "- /#, -1 " 1 - #
- : (
. (
(
, !2 LIIO
.# " ,0%1 F-" ) & "-1,# 0& / ##
0 0 " # %#
) - ( 3 5
, !2 LMPL -" "0 0& - #, "4# # .0 # , .30,F 61 -" / 0
,0-: : (
F 5 (
:
:4 '
:
,22
'0
1
<<+
:
' 7:
,
' (
9%
(
.
64 F(
4 ,( > 3 6
(0
.
64 F(
%
4 . 4 -- + 5(
0 < *
4 =( E(+ 3' 3
(
0 < *
4 !8* ' (
(
(+ '
(-K
4 =( ((2
'
7L
4 =(? ) 2 )(
'
7K
4 5 - $ *6, !2 LLMI
-/ " 0& " #-" # 4"%, "0 &0,
,# 1,# ,"4# R #-# ,0 ) # "
0 %" # &-1" &-03 " ,0 R " "
" ,0 ,#)" # 8 E ( 1 '
, !2 LLJO 1 / 0 " -"
," #,"0 0& ,# "). # # ,1 1,# 3" . 4" 0#- "
#," - " 4"%, "0 # 4",0 # 8 3 ( & 3 (
8 +
, !2 LMNM #+ #," #
-. , #,"5 "0 1 #," -0 #--" ) -0& ",# %0 " ) " #,& #
4 (
( = ( & = =
- ' ( 5 (
/
, !2 LOKO
" 04 "4# / # &0, # , .61 F# ,# " 0 ,/ # -0 1,# " , %1"- " ) " / #
,#-" " ,/ 30,F 1 "4#, " / 0& " .0
- S ( ) V
4 ( %
- V
, !2 LIIK
0-/ 0 " - ,# &1 "0 &0, )# #, - 7
,0%-# /
5 ( ' 5 (
. /
, !2 LLLO , # ," 0 0-0)" -0 " "5 "0 0&
"&&#,# # ") 0& &- # "
,# 1,# 4# #-
% A ' :
, !2 LONN %"0 ,"%0-0)" -%#. 4"01, 0& 2 )
0 0 0 " # 0 " ) F
O
, !2 LLNO
#3 0 # &0, .# # ") 0& &1 1,# &, 1,# ,# "
)# 0-#, 0 0 " # 0
F :(
( 8 ! (
&
, !2 LLIL
01 " # " "0 " " "1 ), # L
1," ) 1 " +" -& ")1# # " )
% (
( ) (
, !2 LL J ,"%0-0)" # # 0& ##F 1,& # 0 "&"# %/ &# 0 # 0 - #,
,# # '
. (
. ( (
= % (
= 4
, !2 LOPN
1 .04#, -/ " -" "0 &0,
)# # # # " ," " - # "0 0& ,"# &0, #
0 ,# # &, #
W : (
. A (
% : ( #
.
, !2 LINM # . " -%#. 4"01, 0& # ," ) 1 # " .#
# -0/ # 0& ,#&-# 0, ,01
0- , #-& * G ( 8
( 0 % X
, !2 LOJJ 0 0 . " ,0 # 0 #- &0, " # 4 ,/" ) 1 #, " /
-/ " 0,,# 0 " )
0 , 0
4"%, "0 .#0,/ 8 ( %
, !2 LKJ7 #-& "4# ." &"- &0,
# . " -# )&-#34; -#-#,&-#34; )
( '
, !2 LOIN ,0 ,/ , 3 %# " ) 0& ,# )1- , 1%# 2 #+ #," #
1 #," - -/ # (
% ( 4
& ( (
! !
, !2 LLL7 " &-1# # 0& .# ),03" ) )-# 0
.# & ")1# ,# ) . 0& #0
, )" ) ##-,0 1 # %/
" "4# # -." #
( ( ! & ( ) 0 (
A F (
: 4
, !2 LLI " ,04# # 0&
# . " 1,& # ,0 #, "# 0& # --" --0/ %/ - #, .0 F
,0 # " ) 8 =
0 ( 8 (
(
A( - - (
, !2 LKM " 1- 0, &0, 0 " "5" ) ,0--#,
0 #
0 ,# # "+ # ") ,
) ( (
- ,
, !2 LMJO
0 #--" ) .# ,# ) .
1 "-" / " 0 0 " # 0 3" # 0 #, - 5 ( + )
, !2 LOO7
,#& 0,"5 "0 0& ," "
1% ," # " -" "0 0 0 0-0)" -0 " "5 "0 , / ( 6 ( ( . 5 (
, !2 LK I -1%," "01 94; &"- &0, .").
# #, 1,# -" "0 3" . 0 ,0--# ,#-# # 0& .# -1%," "01 )# # 0 " # %/ ## 0 "-- "0
) # ,0 1 #," ) 9 0 ;
0 # & & (
8 ? 0 (
( '
, !2 LLOO
-" " 0& 1- , 0 " 3 4# ,0 ) "0 " 0 ,# #2
-" "0 0&
3 #,
,1#--0 #- ' A A
% (
0 ' ( 8
- ) ( '
,
, !2 LO7O #&&# 0&
- #, " ) #-# ," &"#-" # " / 0
.# "0 0& .#, 0 - " ,# " :
(
1 ( . :
F :
, !2 LKLI
,# # , . 0& # 0 )#
&, 1,# 0& 0 ,# # 4# # % # 0 #+ # # &" " # #-# #
# .0 ( 8 G
-, !2 LM7 # . " -,# 0 # 0&
0 -# #," - " 1 # %/ #- " " %"-" / . ( / ' F
, !2 LOKI . # # ") # " "4" / -/ " 0& / " , F
,0 ) "0 1 " ) #," / " 8
. F ( .
( . : F (
, !2 LKOI 04#- #," - " &-1" &"- %# ," )
# ")
) :
, !2 LLOP )# # # "0 0& %," )#
: ( 4 (
, !( & '
, !2 LML7 # F -0
# " "0 0& ,# , F# - " 0 ,# # %# " "+# 0 # &, 1,# + ) ( , F - ( % / , !2 LOKP
, #,"5 "0 0& # "-#
&, 1,# 01). # 0& #+ #,4" # ##- %/
-- 1 . # , ' (
< A(
! - (
, ) , !2 LKLO
# -/ " 0& .0, , "-3 / %," )#
A F : ( 8 %
4:
' 5:
,
,
'
0 " 2
(
(
( 8 Y /
0 " 2 7( J( K( 7L( 7K
<<+
8 :
, !2 LIK
#+ #," # - " 4# ") "0 1 #," - " 1- "0 0& .# #+ ,1 "0 ,"--" ) " ) ,0 # # F : ( ,
( F :
, !2 LMP
" 1- "0 0& 1,& # 0,,0 "0 )# 0& #,0 1 " - -1 " 1 --0/ 7J7M 3" . , "&" " - 1,& # #&# :
: ( : B ( ( 4
, !2 LMP7
,# " # " / & 0, &0, " 0 ,0 " #- " /-" #, 3" . , F : ( : 1 ( : ( . : . , !2 LMPI
" "- , -/ " &0, "#50#-# ," #," - " 0 ,0 " #," - 3" . #--" " - 4" / " -" "0 #4 -1 "0 0& #-# ," - &"#- % # 0 " "- ," / : ( : ( F
, !2 LLML
,# 0 # , "0 . , ,01 # 4 0 .# " 0, .0 ,0 " - # : :( A F A' :( F
F A' : , !2 LON7
1 #," - 1 / 0& ##- - # ,#" &0, # 0 ,# # 3 -- %#. 4"0, F A ( - ( . A ( % : ( .
, !2 LK7L
K
8 %: =
, !2 LO 7
1 / 0 , F" ) " ,% 80" " 0 # ,# " " ) &, # % : ( % : A , !2 LK7O
&1-- -# # 0& # 0, ,/ ##- 9&00 ; %," )# F A ( 8 8 ( ( '
, !2 LKOL
" - # 01 0& - # #+ #," # - . , #,"5 "0 0& , 0 ,/ " &"--# &, # & : ( ) V 4 ( %
- V ( (
-8 : )
, !2 LIPJ
# . " - ,0 #, "# 0& . + , + ,/ - # #, " # %/ 0" # "0 # + 8 3 ( / 6 3 ( & - . , !2 LLLJ
" # "0 - " #,4 - ," " - "5# 0& 0 -#) 0 " ,0 , " -# F : ( 4 4 : ( " F A : , !2 LLOM
# #, " "0 0& % " . , #," " 0& ,0 # "4# - /#, % # 0 0-/ #," 0&"%#, ( B : (
( . :( :
, !2 LK7M
. # # ") # " "4" / -/ " 0& 0-# 1- , / " &0, 0 -# - " # ,1 1,# . - 8 ( . ( / :(
, !2 LK7K
0 -# #-# "4# 0" # ,# 04 - #+ , "0 0& " ," " )#0 # ,/ &,0 & #+ #," # - . - 8 ( . :
F ( / :(
, !2 LKO7
.# #&&# 0& - 0 ,0 #, "# 0& -70I 1 0 0 " # ) - ( / ( 5 B / ( %
-+98:
, !2 LMJN
,# " "0 " # "0 0& &- # %/ 0",Z " #,&#,0 # ,/ , !2 LLP7
, & .0# #4#-0 # 2 0# " 0& ,# "0 0 F" ) ,0 # # A
+98:
, !2 LLJL
04#,4"#3 .,01). 0, 1)1# # #" " # ") ,#)1- "0 .# #3 #1,0 0 # 8 ? , !2 LLPP
0 %# #&" -/ " &0, #" " ,# %"-" "0 0& %1"- " ) & ( 8 ? , !2 LOKK
#" " ,#" &0, # # 0& 0 ,# # %1"- " ) ( 8 ? , !2 LKLJ
-" "0 0& -") . ##- &, " ) " #" " ,#. %"-" "0 , G & ( 8 ? , !2 LKKM
#" " %#. 4"01, 0& 0, 1)1# # , # # , . %1"- " ) , % ( . ' 4 ( . , ( ( ) V
4 ( - V
+98: 6
, !2 LIN7
% 0, - &, 1,# " " "1 --0/ O4 ( , !2 LMOI
&, 1,# 01). # 0& . # #4 -1 # %/ & ")1# 0 . ,# , F" ) - " = ( G ( ( , !2 LLJI
.#0,# " - #+ #," # - 1 / 0& "#50#-# ," "-#4#, %" 0, . / " . , #," " %/ #-# ,0 # . "
-#61"4 -# ,# - # # . A 5 ( E - ( 8
+98: = 6
, !2 LKJI
, "&" " - #1, - # 30,F2 0 1- , ,0 . & , !2 LK7I
80" # ") # " "4" / -/ " 0& / " , F ,0 ) "0 1 " ) #," / " .#0,/ 8 . F ( . ( , !2 LLPK
,"%0-0)" - #,&0, # 0& 0 "&"# 3 0 " ) " ,1%%#, 01- " ) -" "0 ( ) , E ( ' (
P
7:
'
:
,
,
'
0 " 2 &( " Y /
0 " 2 L( 7O
<<+
8 : 2
, !2 LILI
#&&# 0& 1,& 0 1,& # 0 "&" "0 0& 0I 0 , " -# &0, -1%," -" "0 # ( 3 F (
8
-, !2 LM7L
0 "%"-" / 0& ,# 1 " ) .# #&&# "4# #61"4 -# " -") # " .#-" - )# , %/ " / # - ,)# 3.##- # ,# E
F :
, !2 LMIK
#4#-0 # 0& / # 0& &"+" ) &0, ,# "&/" ) .# " #, - " # #, 0& )# , " ( , !2 LMMN
,# , "0 0& # 4",0 # - &,"# -/ %# 5# # &,## # - 1-&0 # 1,& &0, -1%," " "4# &0, 1- "0 #
( 3 F ( % 8 F ( 8
-, !2 LLO7
,0 # &0, ,# # 1,& # %/ 1 " ) ), 1- , 4"%,0 " F . ( % ' ' , !2 LLKK
&," "0 3# , . , #," " 0& ) # 0,.#0-0)" - #- 0 #, 1 #, 4"%, " ) 0 " "0 - ( F* . - ( . ( #
8 :
, !2 LM77
" 4# ") "0 0& -0 --/ ,# 0 % 0, "0 0& .0 0 " )- ( ( / 3 ( . 8 ( / ! & , !2 LMIL
# " - - 0& 61 " " 0 ,0 " - " # &0, #,0 # -" "0 % ( , E % ' ( % % * , !2 LMNI
.# , ." F# " ) &-1" " ,#) # #, & %," &0, # #,)/ % 0,%" ) / # - : A 3 A' : ( - * A( , !2 LLJP
3 -- -" .# 0 # 0 # " ) ,0 # " ) 0& .").-/ 03 #, , " -# &"--# 0-/ #, #- :( % :
. @( # . :
, !2 LL P
4" 0#- " -/ " 0& .# ,# ,# # 01%-# ," ) 1 #, .# # 0& 0 # #, 1,# " #, "0 / ( , !2 LLMK
# . " - ,0 #, "# 0& --0/ R "07 1 0 # / # 0& " 0 ,0 / 4" 1 -"5 "0 0 : ( ) ( /
0 : ( : ' ( ) 0 : ( 0 :
, !2 LLKI
-/ " 0& -0 ) #, " &-1# # 0& .-0," # )),# "4# # 4",0 # 0 .# 1. , : ( ' , !2 LOIM
04#- 0 0 " # --0/ &0, 0 %1 "0 # )" # " 0 8 A ! 5 :( 5 * : ( 8 : * : , !2 LOIK
,.#0-0)/ " 1- "0 0& .0, &"%,# ,#" &0, # 0 ,# # " ) . : . ( - ( F ( ( # , !2 LOLN
" ,0 ,1 1,# #40-1 "0 # . " - ,0 #, "# 0& 0- , 3 ./ #,#1 # 0" ##- 3",# 5 ! ( - / ( . ! , !2 LONK
0 , "4# 1 / %# 3## )#0 0-/ #, # %-# 3" . 0 "1 0 "1 ./ ,0+" # , A % ( . ' )
, ( ' F
, !2 LKJP
1 / 0& .# " 0, 0, "0 0& " #, - " "4# ,%0 &"%#, 0 .# 1, %"-" / #,&0, # 0& 0, , &0,
,#. %"-" "0 30,F E % '( A ( . .
, !2 LKIK
0 " "5 "0 0& 0 0 " # &## 0 F 3" . 3 0,#" &0, # 8 & ( 4
+98: =
, !2 LLO
1 / 0& ,"%0-0)" - %#. 4"01, 0& ##F ,#" &0, # 3" . "&&#,# / # 0& &"%,# # G E ( ( < A (
A( ' ( 8 = 4
5:( '
:
1 3 ,
,
'
=
*"
*9
1
-
'
4
$ ?
)
. * G
1
& 1(
0
1
-
(+ '
(-4
$ ?
. )( + 0 5
' &
+
!
.
91
! .
'
( )
;
,
-
,2
-
; ?
,
-
?
,
2
-
3
!
/
9
1(
;
>
-
,
2,
>
?
,
:
-
,
N
:
'
:4
,22
'0
1
<<+
:4 '
:(
,
' 4
9%
4
.
64 F(
7P
4 , ) * 440
.
64 F(
"
466 *
4
0 < *
L
4 , )4
0 < *
4 , 1 -!
4
(+ '
(-K
4 =( (42
'
&
4 E* ( E( <4
'
7O
4 .H , B (, !2 LIMN
" 0)#0 # ," 7 - # &0, 1- "0 % # 0 - ), )" % -" #
" #, 0- "0 &1 "0 &0, )#0 # ," -" # ,
0 -" # , -/ # 4 A A
( A
, !2 LIKK 0 0 " "0 ,1 1,# 0& %" 0 - 3
#," - ,#- # 0 # . " -,0 #, "# %, "4# 3# ,
- / ( :
( "
. ( ,
4 ( . :
, !2 LILL " "4# 1& 1," ) " .# #4#-0 # 0&
" , # 1-- ,/ "-2 1 / 0& -" " - # ) & ( &
( # A &
, !2 LK O
.# -" "0 0& ), .# # " ,# 04 %-#
,0 .# " S - ( S & (
8 , (
. &
, !2 LMOI &, 1,#
01). # 0& . # #4 -1 # %/ & ")1# 0 .
,# , F" ) -" = ( G (
(
, !2 LINL 1 / 0 ,"%0-0)" -%#. 4"01, 0& 2.
0 " ) 1 #, -1%," #
0 " "0 1 0 7LJ
[ , ! 3 (
! . ( ,
# :
, !2 LM7N
1 " ) 1- , 0 " ", .#, 0), ./ &0, # # " ) #&# " "-" ,/ 0,"# #
0-/ , " # #," - 3 * : (
( : (
4 4
, !2 LILP 61 " 1 #, " # # #
# .-# # .0 &0, .# -/ " 0&
- # , G (
, !2 LIPI
" ,0 , " -# 0& 0,F
,#" &0, # # #," - " %," -# ,1 1,
-.# "4#
% ' ( - (
0 ( 8
' E ( 8 ,
, !2 LMML
- 0 . --# )# # .0 9 ;2 # . " -,# "4" / " #3 ,0 1
#4#-0 # ":
( ) A
, !2 LK77 %"0 # . "
--/ " 0& &1--, . " 1 0, #
,#. %"-" "0 3" . "&&#,# # ")
" C % ( 8
, ( 4
, ( @ 4 A(
. & ( =
, !2 LMKI
0 -" # , / " . , #," "
0 " -0 ,0- 0& . # # 0,/ 0-/ #, 3" ) 1%8# # 0 0 . "
#+ " "0 8 + ( / B F ( 5 * 5
, !2 LMIM ,"%0-0)" -%#. 4"01, 0&
1 "-# ",0 ##- ", &0, 30, )# ," ) 4 & (
% (
) ( - A
)
, !2 LMLK #+ #," # -" 4# -") "0 0
.# ,0 #, "# #,&0, # 0& #-& 0 " ) 0 ,# # 3" . 4#)# %-# / .# " &"%#,
% : (
' ) (
A ( .
.
, !2 LM7K .# 0 -" # ,
-/ " 0& - # 1 " ) .# 1,
-#").%01, , " -0" " #, 0- "0
# .0 8 % (
- ( , 8
, !2 LMIN
40+#- 0 #-" ) 0& 0,01 #, " &0, %# " ) " F ,# ) . #
( 0
F ( %
A :
, !2 LLOK #4#-0 # 0& ,08#
1& 1,# # .0 0-0)/ &0, " "1 --0/ 80" ,0 .# # 8 ? - ( 8
-( , (
, !2 LKI
& ")1# # 0 I #-# # " -%," )# 0 %" " )
0 4# "0 -/ " %1 # 8 = & (
0 ( (
(
= ( ,
, !2 LMPK # #, 1,# " # # # # %#. 4"01, 0& 57 P J " -# ##- 1 #, 1 " +" - -0 " ) )
, !2 LLII
0 .# -1%," "0 %"-" / 0& , # ##
0"-) (
- ( )
(
-, !2 LL7O .#0,/
" 1- "0 0& .0, &"%,# ,#" &0, #
0 0 " # . :
. ( ( - (
#
, !2 LMK
&,0 0 #- 0 .# # %# # 0-" " .# #+ # # &" " # #-# # # .0 & = = ' !( # %
, !2 LMO7 0 , F" ) %#. 4"01, 0& % -&"%,# ,#" &0, #
0 ,# # F F A' :( 8
F * :
, !2 LLPJ 0 " #, "0 %01 .# " &-1# # 0& .# )#0 # ,"
-#4" "0 0 .# -# , # 0& # . " # %-"# <
?
, !2 LKI7 1,& #
. , #,"5 "0 0& #3 #, "
# - "
-< (
G ( = (
&@' - ' ( . & ( =
( & DE
, !2 LLJM / " . , #," "
0 ,0- 0& ,0 ,/ ,# " "0
0 " "0 " ) #4" # ,"4" ) %/ " &0, # 0&
"#50#-# ," %" 0, . . A 5 ( E - ( 8
, !2 LLMJ
" &-1# # 0& , " &"%#, 0
,"%0-0)" -%#. 4"0, 0& %
% (
) ( )
(
-, !2 LLOL
-/ " 0& 01%-# & # &" " .#
0 0 ,0 #, "# &0, %# .##
-" "0 &
, ( 8 =
' ( ) V
, !2 LLK .# 0 -" # , 1 #," - -/ " 1 " ) # .-#
# .0 8
% ( - (
, 8
, !2 LMOM
) # 0 # . " -,0 #, "# 0& #,&# 0- % # 0 0 " # A . :( 8 A F ( , !
, !2 LOJO )"-#
1& 1," ) , " # &0, #3 ,0 1
#4#-0 #
4 % A(
-, !2 LKIM %"0 # . " 04#, # 1,# & ( 4 A(
S & ( 8
, (
. &
, !2 LOL7
#+ "-# ,#" &0, # 0, , / # # &0, 0 &" # # 0&
0 ,/ ,1 1,# #+ 0 # 0 #-#4 #
# #, 1,#
! F :
, !2 LO7J #4#-0 # ,"%0-0)" -. , #," "0 0& 0 0 " # ,"%0
.# ( F F A (
( , '
F ! ( - (
. 8 ' (
8 % E*
, !2 LOIO
-" "0 0& 81 # &"%#, 0 1 0 4#." -#
" ,1 #
#-&, # ) (
8 = , ) (
% ( - A 0
) ( & (
, & %
, !2 LMPO ,.#0-0)"
-,0 #, "# 0& . - "+ 1,# 3" . " "4# 8 E
:( # :
: ( :
:
, !2 LKIP
# .# " # ") " ,# 04 %-# , "
-# 1,# & ) ( & ( S & ( % . G ( 8 ? &
, !2 LOLM #&0, "0 &, 1,# 0& 3" . . #
, &0, "0 " ,"+
F :
, !2 LON
0 # -" "0 0& .# " #, "0 -#, " 0-0)"
-, % " 0 JP7L &0, .#
)# " # "&" "0 0 .# ## . 0& )# , , " "0
4 ' E ( )
J
, !2 LL
0 0 " # #,"
-#4#-0 # 0
- # 0 " "0 &0, )#0 .#,
-1,%" # ,0 # "0 % A ( "
: ( (
) ' (
F ' , (
'E (
) (
)
, !2 LKMJ ) , 3" . # -"
-,#. %"-" "0 01 0 # "-)# #
0-/ 0, ." 4 A(
& ( & )< ( % ( 8 ? & ( < &
:( ' 4:
-
?
% *
4:
'
:4
,
'
9%
.
64 F(
7
4* '8
0
.
64 F(
"
4 #*< ' $ 6< G0 < *
)
4 '8 . ( @0 < *
\
F
4 , 1 -!
(+ '
(-O
4 . 6 * . (2
'
7
4 1 - . ''
N
4 * / 3, !2 LIOJ
0 " "5 "0 0& &) 3" . %# 1 " ) " #," -"
0 # " "4# -)0," .
F (
:
, !2 LL77 / #,)/ "
0 0 " # : " 3 ' + $ !
, !2 LM7O
" 4# ") "0 0& ,1 1, ,# ) . 0 #, " )
,0 #, "# 0& 3 4# ," ) ) F# A E
E : ( % A ' :
, !2 LKLP ,#&0, # 0 0 " # ,# " ,03 4
" -# ##-,03 " ," ,/ # " "0 " 4" ,0
1 / @ (
( 4
, ( @ 4 A( ( 8 ,
, !2 LK N 1 #," -#+ #," #
-. , #,"5 "0 0& ##- 300
03#-# 80" 1 #, 61 " " -0 " )
( & & ( 'S 8 ( 8 = +
, !2 LIO .# " --/ 0 "%"-" # "
&# " &," "0 0 " ) 3" . ."). 3# , ,# " #
- (
) : (
( ) . (
, & : ( "
. ( F F A
, !2 LMOP -# #, ,0 1 "0 2 , #)/ &0, " ,04# # ," F ,#4# "0
03 , 1 " %-#
#4#-0 # ) '
( , ' (
,
, !2 LM 7 0 " "5 "0 0&
", , & ,1 1,# 3" . 1 # 0& %"0 " # " ,1 1, -0 " "5 "0
# .0 * :(
F A A ! % ( . ' . ( , ' , A :
, !2 LLIN " &-1# # 0& ./ ,0 .0%"
" "4# 0 1 # "%"-" / 0
.# &0, "0 0& #&&-0,# # # 0 0 ,# # #-# # , :
, !2 LMI7 0 ,# "4# ,0 #, / . , #,"5 "0 0& & ," #
#--1- , ,1 1,# %
( - (
= ( %
% *
, !2 LKLN # ")
#4#-0 # 0& " 04 "4#
# 0,0 "%1- , 80" ,0 .# "
( < ,
, !2 LK7J
%"0 " - ,0 #, "# 0& 0 #+ "-#
0 # 3" . &1 )" " # ) "
,/ ,0 &1 )1 #, 1- - ,/
: ' (
, (
F : :
, !2 LIP
.# " --/ 0 "&"# 0-/9 # , &-10,0# ./-# #; " "4# " -1%," &0,
0 4#/0, / # . !! (
- (
(
( :
, !2 LLKO / # " " 04 "0 -#
,0 . -"# 0 #1 " # 0& ", , &
0 0 #
( ( .
, !2 LM K # ") " #)," /
0 #, "0 &# / 0 " "5 "0
# . "61#
, !2 LLL #4 -1 "0 0&
0 " # 0, , 3" . 5" %/ #-# ,0 .# " -" # # # ,0 0 /
4 ] (
8 S , ( :
!
, !2 LMMM 0 0, / -#
-" "0 0& 1- " 1%1- , . " &, &,
) A A( A(
, ! 3 ( :
%
, !2 LI7P ," F & 0,
0 1, - 0& .# % F F .00-&0, ," ,/
.00-."- ,# " 1 0 05 %"61#
-5 ( ' ) A
, !2 LMNK
# #, " "0 0& 0 # " &, 1,# 01). # 0& 0, " - .1 %0 # 1 " ) .# %
# & & ( & ) (
( 8 = + ( &@'
( 8 = 8 - ( " , ( 8 - V ( & 8
, !2 LLPO 04#- %" 1 . % # ,"%0-0)"
-0 " ) &0, ."). #,&0, # " #,
-0 %1 "-0 # )" # %# ," )
-" "0 " ( / 5 ( ( * ' ( " F
, !2 LLKN
-# " # # )# # "4" "# " 0"-#, " -2 #
1 / (
( ( .
, !2 LMMO " # "&" "0 0&
#," - . # % # 0
#")# 4 -1# , # 0& #")# 0 #
% ' (
, !2 LLLL 0, ." ) 0 0 " # ,1 1,# &0,
"4# ."). -"& #4" #
( (
) (
) 6 (
)
, !2 LMOL #3 0- # ") &0, 61 -"&" "0 0&
03 #, %" #, # , "0 " "
# . 0-0)/ 8 : ' . ' ( % :
. @
, !2 LIIJ
-/ " 0& -03#, -" % #+ -0 "4# &0, # " #+ - /#,
# 30 #
% F# % -- 1 0 " /2 0 , "4#
1 / ' ) A (
C & ' ?
, !2 LLNP ",,#4#, "%-# #&&# 0 ),# # ,1 1,# 1# 0 &," "0 # #,)/ # : F
, !2 LOI " " " "0 0& -# 801, #/ "
-0 ." ) 0 / ,D' # (
-( ' (
- ?
, !2 LLOI
1 / 0& &, ##F %0 # - # 2 #
&# -/ "
( (
% ( 8 % ( #
E ( ) A A( " ( "AG (
= A( (
4 ( 8 4 @ ( / Q A
, !2 LM P " , 0 #, 0, ,#-" %"-" / 0& . # 4#-0 " /
# 1,# # 0& &-#+1, - 01 " 3 4# " .# .1
"%" " 4"40 &
4 ( F X (
. ) ' ( 3 ,
, !2 LOPJ
-0 " ,"%1 "0 " .#-" - )# , " -1 " ) #- "
&," "0 #&&#
G ( , (
8 . 0 '
, !2 LOMN
.# 1 1 4#, 1 1 1 0 "&"# 0 ,0- . , 3.# -"# 0
"# #- # )" # , # #, 0 ,0- A
- ( , (
8 = , G E ( 4 - '
, !2 LKKO
.,## " # "0 / .# "
" ,0 ,1 1,# )# #, "0 &0, 0-" 0+" #
&1#-#-- #-# ,0 # ! F V( & /X (
^ :( :
( % : :
, !2 LMI
0 # &1 "0 " #-"0 &-03#,
.# ## .#
:4 '
:
,22
'0
1
<<+
:
' 7:
,
'
9%
.
64 F(
7
4* '8
0
.
64 F(
"
4 , < E * '0 < *
)
4 '8 . ( @0 < *
F
4 .; $ 7 <(+ '
(-2
'
7
4 1 - . ''
N
4 * / 3, !2 LOMM 1- "0%8# "4# 0 " "5 "0
- #, "4# # , . 0& 1 " %-#
0 0 " # ,1 1,#
< " 3 ' + $ !
, !2 LLNK
.#, 0&0, " ) 0& .#, 0 - " 304# 0 0 " # 2
0 #--" ) 4 -" "0
( & * ( 5
E
, !2 LL K # ") " 1- "0 0&
0-/ #," I ," # & -- ,,# / # &0,
-" %" ) , (
( 5 E
, !2 LMKN &" " # #-# # #4 -1 "0 0& .#
# . " -%#. 4"01, 0&
# "-# &00 &00 3# ,
0 #- 5 F : : ( (
A (
: :
, !2 LKMO ,0--" ) %# ," ) 3# , " 3"
1,%" # % A
) V ( , (
8 . 0 '
, !2 LOLJ
, " - 0 #- 0 #4 -1 #
0 # # "4# # ( 4 S
, !2 LL7P 1 " %-# 0-1 "0 1 #,
.# +"0 " # ") ," " -# 2 .# ## &0, ,# "-"# # 8 ? & ( < (
< ) V ( < ?
, !2 LOJ
.#, 0 # . " --/ " 0& . # # 0,/
0-/1,# . # 1 # A' A : (
A A :( E( F F * A : ) E * : ( ( .
' ( .
, !2 LLLK
# 0 1 #,
" 1- "0 0& #-# ," %1 # F : ( :
, !2 LOIJ - " " / #&&# 1," ) .# M 0" %# " ) 0& " , # 1-- ,/ -#) -# ) .# " ) " - 3" .
#-# 0 " ,1 1,# ::
F ( 5 % (
, - ( .
. ( : ,
, !2 LKMK
0 %" # 1,& # 0 & ")1#
3# , " 1, )# , 8 = % ? ( 8 . 0
' ( 8
( ,
, !2 LOKN -# 0 "# "
.# , F 0& 1 " %"-" /
& ' (
'
, !2 LOJ7 1- "0%8# "4# # ") 0& 1 0 0%"-# 0 0 " #
-" "0 % # 0 &# "%"-" / ,0%1 #
< ( - S . !!'
, !2 LOJK
0 # . " -#,&0, # # 4",0 # -"
" 1- #01 0 , " &0, .# #-# "0 0& 0 0 " #
#," - " .# # ,-/ # ")
)# 0& ", , & ,1 1,# #
( - (
, !2 LK 7 -" "0 0& % /# " 1 " )
0 . " &" " # #-# #
# .0 0 .# -0 ,# " # & 0, # ") 9-,& ; 0& ,01 % , . 4" ) , 0 )#0 # ,/ / E
: ( A :
, !2 LOLL 0,0 " / # . " -,0 #, "# 0& 5", 0 "1 #, "
F : (
#: F (
% :
, !2 LKMP
3" 1,%" # )# , 0"- #,&0, # #4 -1 "0 ,
( )
& ( 8 . 0 '
, !2 LOPK -# 0-1 "0
-"# " .# %#-4#, ./ ,0#-# ,"
# , - # _ I7
) (
( & &
, !2 LOOP " 0)#0 # ,"
0 &")1, "0 # ") 0 " "5 "0 0& .# 0 1 "0
,0%-# 1 " ) %01 ,/ " #), -#61 "0 / (
8 (
, !2 LO7M -/ " 0& .# ,# &"#- "
.0 040- " 0 1-# 1# 0 " -0 " )
( " ! (
, !2 LKOP +"0 " # ") % # # # 0& 0&& .0,# 3"
1,%" # 1 0, ,1 1,#
F (
F
, !2 LKKI
%"0 # . " 0& .#
.1 0 .
& #, % ," ," 1,)#,/
( , ! !
, !2 LKL
&," "0 0,61# 0& 0-/ #, ),# # 3" . "&&#,#
." F# #, 0 # ) V (
( (
% A ) V ( 8 . 0 '
, !2 LONJ " 04 "4#
,0 . &0, 0 ,0-1 0 "5 "0 0&
" ,0 - " ) ,0 # 8
( (
. 4 )
, !2 LKJK # . " -%#. 4"0, .,01).
," +" - # 0& - ) ,# #
%/ ), 1 #
- ) . ! (
( F : ( '
# / (
& V
, !2 LKL7 &0, 1- "0 R ,.#0-0)/
.#, - )" ) 0& 0-/ #, ),# #
) V (
( % A ) V ( 8 . 0
'
, !2 LKIL
,"5 -"&"#, &0, 0, 0, #
,# "4" / 0, 0, # " 04 "0 %"-" /
% ' )
, !2 LK P ,F - " #," ) 0& - .
%# " -0
F : ( :
7
4:
' 5:
,
,
' (
0 " 2 %( )( .( F Y /
0 " 2 O( N( 7
<<+
8 : 0
, !2 LIK7
1 / 0& 3#- " ) -" # 1 ," " ) # 0& # - %#--03 5 ' ( / - ( ( 6 , !2 LMOO
-/ " 0& .# ", , & 0 #, "0 " .# 0 #+ 0& &# / #&&# "4# # 8 A ! 5 :( 8 : * : ( 8 , E , !2 LLMM
,# ,F 0 # " ) 0& ,# ) . & ")1# -"&# F : ( 8 E , !2 LLP
" &-1# / 0& .# ,# # " .# # . " - ,0 #, "# ."). # #, 1,# 0& N ##- " # 3#- # 80" (
< A( ) ( &
, !2 LOML
4 # #) # " ) )#0 # ,/ " 0 .# ,# " .# ",&0"- 1,& # - /#, * F :( * , : : ( , ! ( 8 :
* : ( A * :( 8 * :
, !2 LOLI
.# ,# # #&&# 0 " ,0 ,1 1,# ,0 #, "# 0& " )-# ,/ - + M` " F#- % # 1 #, --0/ A E * :(
* , : : ( ) A A 8 : ' * A( F : * : ( ) A *: * :( A 3 A' : ( 8 * : ( 8 : * :
, !2 LOKM
& ")1# %#. 4"0, 1 1- "4# )# 0& 0 .# )&, 0 0 " # ! ( 4 ( , ' ( & ( &
, !2 LONI
" 4# ") "0 0& .# # . " - %#. 4"01, 0& 5", 0 "1 --0/ "&&#,# , " , # 1 " ) 1% "5# # "-# # " #
F :( , ( 8 A
, !2 LKKL
00- 0 " "0 0 " 0," ) " ,"--" ) % # 0 " -# &## 0 0, 1,,# ! ) A@ A( , S A( 8 ) S A ( " ' ( 8 = .
8 :
, !2 LIL7
-- -# , "). %- # ,,"#1 4#, " - +" 3" 1,%" # , ! ( ' ) , !2 LMLM
-"&# / -# -/ " 9- ; ,#-" %"-" / # . "61# " " 1 ," - # ") ,08# 8 ( ( ! ) A A( " , ( 8 = .
, !2 LOJI
0 " #, "0 0 0 #, "0 0& 1,%08# # )" # 3" . .# a%/ a # ") * F * : , !2 LKOJ
" - & # , F ,"4# 2 .# " - 0 #- &0, / .# " 0& 3 ,# "--1 , "0 # ' E
8 :
, !2 LM J
.,## " # "0 - #&&# 0 3#- # - 80" 1 #, # "-# .# , -0 " ) & % ( ' , !2 LOOK
#4 -1 "0 0& " -# ##- - # 0& .# #+ . )#, )# . ' ( % 5 ( F
8 : 1
, !2 LLPM
# 1,# # 0& " 1 01 " " # # 0& .1 1 " 0,/ / # ( - ( %
, !2 LONO
-/ " 0& .# 0,# %"-" / 0 " ,04# " )-# -#) # 9 # 1 /; ( @ 4 A(
+98:
, !2 LO P
1 #," - " 1- "0 0& 3 -- #&0, "0 " #1,/ 0 #- 8 ? , ' ( , - ( . - ( @ 4 A( 8 & )
+98: 5
, !2 LMJK
) # " . , #,"5 "0 %/ # / 1,,# # " ) 0 #4 -1 # .# )# " ,0 ,1 1,# 0& ,#&0, #, &1, # 1%# 8 ?
, ' ( ( - A ( - . ( , ( ) ,
, !2 LM7J
# 1,# # 0& ,# " 1 - ,# # " 3#- # #-# # ,1 1,# %/ 1- , 0 " # .0 / F ( 8 ' F ( -, !2 LMMK
" " 1,"5# -# ,## # 0 # ,1 "4# 0-1 "0 . & ( & ( - A ( -, !2 LLI7
" &-1# # 0& 1 #, --0/ " ) ,1 1,# 0 ,0 ) "0 0& 1- , 0 " 3 4# 8 : * : ( F ) A :( 3 E E(
, ' ' ( , ! ( F A A ! F ( 8 * :
, !2 LOO
#4 -1 "0 0& & ")1# ,0 #, "# 0& " F#- % # 1 #, --0/ , 7MK 3" . -1 " " # 0 " ) , F # # "0 %/ 0 # ,1 "4# # . "61# : F :
+98:
, !2 LOKL
." # 1,& # -/ " ."). 1 " ) ## 1 " ) ,%" # ,"-- " - " --0/ ( 8 = , ) ( ) ( %
