Herpetologists' League
A New Species of Cycloramphus from Southeastern Brazil (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) Author(s): Célio F. B. Haddad and Ivan Sazima
Source: Herpetologica, Vol. 45, No. 4 (Dec., 1989), pp. 425-429 Published by: Herpetologists' League
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3892832 . Accessed: 24/01/2014 11:53
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CtLIo F. B.
'Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13500 Rio Claro, Sdo Paulo, Brasil
2Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13081 Campinas, Sdo Paulo, Brasil
ABSTRACT: A new species of frog, Cycloramphus juimirim, is described from coastal southern
Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil. It is a species of the fuliginosus group, most similar to C. bandeirensis Heyer.
Key words: Anura; Cycloramphus juimirim sp. nov.; Atlantic Forest
FROGS of the leptodactylid genus Cy-
cloramphus are restricted to the Brazilian coastal rain forest (Atlantic Forest) and range from eastern to southern Brazil (Heyer, 1983a; Heyer and Maxson, 1983). The genus was monographed by Lutz (1929), Bokermann (1951), and Heyer (1983a); 23 species of Cycloramphus are currently recognized (Heyer, 1983a,b). Heyer and Maxson (1983) analyzed rela- tionships, distribution, and speciation of Cycloramphus, and they stated: "Further field studies may uncover new species or more likely additional distributional data will modify the known distribution of the species." As Heyer and Maxson (1983) foresaw, we found an undescribed species of Cycloramphus at Jureia, in the south coastal portion of Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Description style, measurements, and usage of morphological characters fol- low mostly Heyer (1983a). Vocalizations were recorded with Aiwa TP 730 tape re- corder and Aiwa DM-54 dynamic micro- phone at tape speed of 9.5 cm/s. The re- corded tapes were analyzed in a Voice Identification Series 700 sound spectro- graph, with narrow and wide filters. Spec- imens are in MZUSP (Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo) and ZUEC (Museu de Historia Natural, Universidade Estadual de Campinas). As this new Cy- cloramphus (Fig. 1) is among the smallest representatives of the genus, we judged appropriate to name it:
Cycloramphus juimirim sp. nov. Holotype.-MZUSP 65376, an adult male obtained 7 November 1987 by Celio F. B. Haddad near the Rio Verde, Esta9co Ecologica de Jureia, Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil (approximately 24?30' S, 47?15' W). Paratopotypes.-ZUEC 6814-6818, two males and three females.
Diagnosis and comparison with other species.-The six species of Cycloramphus currently known to have toe webbing and to lack black and/or white dorsal tubercles (Heyer, 1983a) are C. bandeirensis Heyer, C. brasiliensis (Steindnachner), C. dubius (Miranda-Ribeiro), C. fuliginosus Tschu- di, C. jordanensis Heyer, and the new species. Reduced toe webbing distinguish- es C. juimirim from dubius and fuligi- nosus (moderate webbing) and brasiliensis (extensive webbing). The dorsum of jui- mirim lacks shagreen, whereas dubius has a shagreened dorsum. The weak tarsal fold of the new species distinguishes it from jordanensis, which has a distinct tarsal fold. The species morphologically most similar to C. juimirim is C. bandeirensis, from which the new species differs mainly by the distinct outer metatarsal tubercle, granulate belly, and by the absence of light spots on the posterior surface of thighs (Heyer, 1983a). The comparison between these two species is made difficult by the juvenile condition of the holotype of C. bandeirensis. C. juimirim will key out to
426 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 45, No. 4
FIG. l.-Cycloramphus juimirim, ZUEC 6818, female 38.7 mm SVL.
couplet 12 in the key to species published by Heyer (1983a). The weak tarsal fold distinguishes it from C. jordanensis, and the absence of light spots on thighs distin- guishes C. juimirim from C. bandeirensis, the second species contrasted in that cou- plet.
Description of holotype.-Snout round- ed in dorsal view, sloping in profile; can- thus rostralis indistinct; loreal region con- cave; tympanum and tympanic annulus not visible (Fig. 2A,B); vomerine teeth in short series almost in medial contact pos- teriorly and between choanae; second fin- ger a little longer than first; flat ovoid inner metacarpal tubercle smaller than flat heart- shaped outer metacarpal tubercle; inner metacarpal tubercle separated from sub- articular tubercle of thumb by approxi- mately half diameter of subarticular tu- bercle (Fig. 2C); thumb lacking asperities; dorsal texture granular, cobblestone-like; supratympanic ridge tubercular; large tu- bercle near angle of jaw; chin and belly granulate, ventral thigh slightly granulate; toe tips nearly same width as digits; toes
fringed, web I trace II 2--3+ III trace IV 4--2+ V; subarticular tubercles well devel- oped; inner metatarsal tubercle elongate, outer metatarsal tubercle half length of inner (Fig. 2D); tarsal fold weak; skin at tibio-tarsal articulation granulate; plantar surfaces smooth. Dorsum grayish brown with darker mottling and pale spots; a pale bar between eyes; lip bars distinct grayish; upper limbs grayish brown, barred gray; chin and belly grayish white with sparse brownish pigmentation; ventral surface of thighs, shanks, and feet more suffused with brown than chin and belly; cloaca with pale spot. In life, the holotype had dorsum brown with darker mottling and irregular yellowish spots; dorsal surface of legs brown, barred yellow; yellowish interoc- ular bar; iris brown with dark radiating network.
Measurements of the holotype (mm).- Snout-vent length (SVL) 31.5, head length 11.9, head width 14.0, eye-nostril distance 2.9, interorbital distance 6.2, femur 15.5, tibia 15.0, foot 16.1.
A
-
FIG. 2.-Cycloramphus juimirim, MZUSP 65376 (holotype). (A) Dorsal and (B) lateral view- of head; ventral view of (C) hand and (D) foot. Scale = 5 mm.
6).-Thumb lacking asperities; snout pro- file sloping or rounded; dorsal pattern blotched to almost uniform; posterior sur- face of thighs uniform; dorsal texture slightly granular to granular; chin white with sparse brownish pigmentation to brown with little white spots; foot web from I trace II 2--3+ III trace IV 31?2-2+ V to I trace 2--3+ III 21?2-4+ IV 4--21/2 V. Mea- surements in mm (mean, range, standard
error) of three males, followed by mea- surements of three females in parenthesis:
SVL x = 29.77 (37.27), range 27.25-31.5 (34.6-38.7), SD = 2.05 (2.31); head length x= 11.43 (14.0), range 10.8-11.9 (13.1- 14.5), SD = 0.57 (0.78); head width x 13.13 (16.20), range 12.1-14.0 (15.1-17.0), SD = 0.96 (0.99); eye-nostril distance x = 2.80 (3.33), range 2.5-3.0 (3.2-3.5), SD = 0.27 (0.15); interorbital distance x = 6.17
428 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 45, No. 4 4 2 U. 3 l .%. . . - . . 2 I 0
FIG. 3.-Advertisement call of Cycloramphus juimirim, specimen ZUEC 6815, recorded 2030 h on 7 November 1987: Rio Verde, Jur6ia, Sio Paulo, estimated air temperature 19-21 C. Upper: narrow filter; lower: wide filter. Irregular pulses above 2 kHz are water sprinkles on the microphone.
(7.23), range 5.5-6.5 (6.9-7.6), SD = 0.58 (0.35); femur length x = 14.97 (19.67), range 14.4-15.5 (19.6-19.7), SD = 0.55 (0.06); tibia length x = 14.30 (18.27), range 13.7-15.0 (18.1-18.4), SD = 0.66 (0.15);
foot length x = 14.97 (18.77), range 14.3-
16.1 (18.4-19.2), SD = 0.99 (0.40). Advertisement call.-Call composed of
5-12 pulsed notes (xt = 8.85; SD = 2.03; n = 20) lasting from 0.4-0.7 s; emphasized
frequency between 1.2-1.7 kHz; interval between pulses variable from 0.02-0.10 s, larger at the beginning of some calls (Fig. 3). Heyer (1983b) and Heyer and Maxson (1983) suggested close relationships be-
tween the fuliginosus and granulosus groups of Cycloramphus. As the relation- ships of C. juimirim seem to lie within the fuliginosus group, it may be of interest to examine its advertisement call in greater detail. The call of C. juimirim is a multi- note call, as are the calls of C. valae, from the granulosus group, and C. ohausi, from the ohausi group (Heyer, 1983b). The call of C. juimirim is of the type B of Heyer (1983a), and differs from that known for the fuliginosus group, characterized by single-note calls or three-note calls (Heyer, 1983b).
at the edge of the rainforest, about 50-100 m from a rocky seashore. Males called from steep rock surfaces or in rock crevices, sit- ting near or under the waterfalls 1-4 m high, always in the spray zone. Females, subadults, and juveniles were observed on or under rocks along the waterfalls. Small tadpoles, which may be attributed to the new species, were observed pressed with their ventral region on the wet surface of rocks up to 40 cm above the water level in the splash zone of the waterfall or near the margins of a small stream flowing from the hillside.
Specimens examined. -Cycloramphus bandei- rensis MZUSP 52924 (holotype); C. brasiliensis MZUSP 57765-57769; C. dulbius ZUEC 4152-4154, 6689-6690; C. fuliginosus ZUEC 2180-2182; C. jor- danensis MZUSP 4522 (holotype).
Acknowledgments. -M. Cecilia Guerazzi helped in the field; A. J. Cardoso, M. Martins, and J. P.
LITERATURE CITED
BOKERMANN, W. C. A. 1951. Sinopse das especies brasileiras do genero Cycloramphus Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia, Salientia-Leptodactylidae). Arq. Mus. Nac., R. Janeiro 42:77-105.
HEYER, W. R. 1983a. Variation and systematics of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Lep- todactylidae). Arq. Zool., S. Paulo 30:235-239.
. 1983b. Notes on the frog genus Cyclor- amphus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae), with de- scriptions of two new species. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington 96:548-559.
HEYER, W. R., AND L. R. MAXSON. 1983. Relation- ships, zoogeography, and speciation mechanisms of frogs of the genus Cycloramphus (Amphibia, Lep- todactylidae). Arq. Zool., S. Paulo 30:341-373.
LUTZ, A. 1929. Taxonomia e biologia do genero
Cycloramphus. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 22:5-23. Accepted: 7 February 1989
