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Interphase Death of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Exposed to Accelerated Heavy Ions

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%E' DNA ( #!$ 7 F4l & C&* " )$ 1 7 7

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2 9 6 06 DNA , )$ 1

6 " & 5

A ( *

3

6 0*( Z ) l C * T

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$ 7 1 6 08" &F )

z " 4

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" 6

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" 0

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,7 #5 5 .

@

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40 & 57 % T 10

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cd 9 ( :A

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.

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'

DNA 4 1 ? 9 (. bp

100 .

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4) 5 $ 1 I

6 :

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3 :

% &1 24

$ 1 1 9(, J# 7 ' ,) 4) 5 2 ( $ 1

I

4 : % &1 40 4) 5 2 ( $ 1 .

3 -% &1 4) 52 ( 2 "5 5K 10

> LET

230 " # $% " % &#' .

$,-. a : L 2 DNA 2 4% &1

#% 9 1 24

4) 5 2 ( $ 1

. $,-. b : L 2 DNA 4% &1 40

4) 5 2 ( $ 1

) 2 7 &. ) E&7 G1

G2

(?) 4 *

.

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S $1 . 5 =A 2 "5 5K % &1

#M N ( OP* (

DNA J# 5 #H (#M &Q Q ) 4% &1

2 G1 . .

3 -3

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)

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230

$ #!$ 1

7 &< 30 , , , & 5 U!"

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$

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4 ( 5 % &1 2 7 "? R 2 S?)K =

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T#U"- V 2 4?W?

)

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)

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(

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F

(

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7 ( 9 5 @ & 3

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.

3 -4

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LET

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X , ) "

7 V

,7 ( # " O C "

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2 Q"2 ( + !"4 $ M LET

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LET A 230

A 2 * $ #!$ 1

6 %

"2( 7 Q

LET G " * " Q

L 7

* 9 % 1 8 !9& " &

$ 1 O

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LET

V + !"4 $ M , & 5

7 O

,7 # ) 90

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10

6 7 R

( , & 5

6 0*+" G , ) " U!" .

5

-J# =

LET J#Y?1

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R \

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2 "# 2 7 "? .

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b :

$1 2 "# R .

J ' )

C

( )

D

(

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.

8!0 6

yE *E

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LET

, @ , & 5

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b

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) +' )0

0 .

C 8!0

9

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yE+ * A

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67 5 $

10

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6 0 * C G

$ 1 *#+ 67 *+" G 130

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(8)

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F 1 ,

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7 ,7 ( # " O 6 " & 5 )$ 1

.

6

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9 :" U 2 7 "? R [() #H

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+ ( J ' )

C

( )

D

(

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H

( J)K )

E

(

OP* 4 31 W V

( ( > .

4

-3 4

5 )6 7) .

cd9 ,

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DNA 7

O

$ 1 " G *E

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. }" #

9

8 A* $ 1 % \ $ 1 O 7

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DNA +!0 #* 6 0

#+ ? &8 ' _ 1% DNA

6 " ^ .

8 $

" 0 " 5 " &V T

* #( " +!0, 7 6

DNA 7

+!08C

I 7 %

0 8 $ 22

7 % T

& 5 ]

16 [ . * "

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, # "

6 0V L [ * A )$ 1 & 5V

A ` " *

\ % cd9

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R $ 1

@

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, 7

DNA , ) " T

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G '* <

"

@,4 7 , "7

@ 8 C TV

" \ " I

. " & 5 " & 5

LET <

R 7 V

DNA +!0

,

*

^ hB R %& 1%

6 " , 7

DNA ? &V L R

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. " & 5 & !"2 ( R =@ G GA

LET

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#A $ 1 ? &

* & R

m @l" 0 8 '

#+ ? & 0 " &8 '2

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`"8' A "

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& 57 % $ 1 ? +G&~ ,7 # O

O V 0

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O L" )\,

,7 ( # " , )$ 1

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5 %

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#( '

V7< .

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s& " 5 x

7

1 8 !9&}" # & , G "

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6

LET

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( C 0

) 8!0 5 ( .

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:4

1. Barendsen GW, Beusker ILJ, Vergroesen A J. and Budke L, Effect of different ionizing radiations on human

cells in tissue culture II. Biological experiments. Radiat Res1960; 13: 841-849.

2. Pathak R, Dey SK, Sarma A, Khuda-Bukhsh AR, Cell killing, nuclear damage and apoptosis in Chinese hamster

V79 cells after irradiation with heavy-ion beams of (16)O, (12)C and (7)Li. Mutat Res 2007; 632: 58-68.

3. Brenner DJ, Ward JF., Constraints on Energy Deposition and Target Size of Multiply Damaged Sites sociated with DNA Double-strand Breaks. Int J Radiat Biol 1992; 61: 737-748

4. Fakir H, Sachs RK, Stenerlow B, Hofmann W., Clusters of DNA double-strand breaks induced by different

doses of nitrogen ions for various LETs: experimental measurements and theoretical analyses. Radiat Res 2006; 166: 917-927.

5. Mehnati P, Morimoto Sh, Yatagai F, et al, Exploration of `Over Kill Effect' of High-LET Ar- and Fe-ions by

Evaluating the Fraction of Non-hit Cell and Interphase Death.J Radiat Res 2005; 46: 343-350.

V

6. Aoki M, Furusawa Y. and Yamada T, LET Dependency of Heavy-ion Induced Apoptosis in V79 Cells. J

Radiat Res 2000; 41: 163-175.

7. Sasaki H, Cell killing and division delay in asynchronous and synchronized Hela cells irradiated with alpha particles or X rays. Radiat Res 1984; 99: 311-323.

8. Palayoor ST, Humm JL, Atcher RW, Hines J.J. and Macklis R.M., G2M arrest and apoptosis in murine T

lymphoma cells following exposure to 212Bi alpha particle irradiation. Nuct. Med. Biol. 1993; 20: 795-805.

9. Kana T, Kohno T, Minohara S, Sudou M, Takada E, Dosimetry and measured differential W values of air for heavy-ions. Radiat Res 1993; 135: 293-301.

10. Kanai T, Furusawa Y, Fkutsu K, et al, Irradiation of mixed beam and design of spread-out Bragg peak for heavy-ion radiotherapy. Radiat Res1997; 147: 78-85.

11. Walter RA, Gurley LR. and Tobey RA, Effect of caffeine on radiation-induced phenomena associated with cell-cycle traverse of mammalian cells. Biophys. J. 1974; 14: 99-118.

12. Guida P, Vazquez ME, Otto S, Cytotoxic effects of low- and high-LET radiation on human neuronal

progenitor cells: induction of apoptosis and TP53 gene expression. Radiat Res 2005; 164: 545-551.

13. Hotz MA, Gong J, Traganos F. and DarynKiewicz Z, Flow cytometric detection of the assays of in situ DNA degradation and chromatin changes. Cytometry 1994;15: 237-244.

14. Goodhead DT, Munson RJ, Thacker J, Cox R, Inactivation of Cultured Mammalian Cells Exposed to Beams of Accelerated Heavy Ions IV. Biophysical Interpretation. Int J Radiat Biol 1980; 37: 135-167.

15. Hendry HJ, Repair of Cellular Damage after High LET Irradiation,J Radiat Res 1999; 40: S60-S65.

16. Roots R, Holley W, Chatterjee A, Irizarry M., Kraft G, The Formation of Strand Breaks in DNA after High-LET Irradiation: A Comparison of Data from in Vitro an Cellular Systems. Int J Radiat Biol 1990; 58: 55-69.

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18. Todd P., Fractionated heavy-ion irradiation of cultuerd human cells. Radiat Res 1968; 34: 378-389.

19. Blakely EA, Chang PY. and lommel L, Cell-cycle-dependent recovery from heavy-ion damage in G1-phase cells. Radiat Res 1985; 104: S145-S157.

20. Ando K, Koike S, Uzawa A, Takai N, et al, Repair of skin damage during fractionated irradiation with

gamma rays and low-LET carbon ions. J Radiat Res 2006; 47: 167-74.

21. Hartwell LH. and Weinert TA, Checkpoints: Controls that ensure the order of cell cycle events. Science 1989; 256: 629-634.

22. Palayoor SJ, Macklis RM, Bump EA. and Coleman CN, Modulation of radiation induced apoptosis and G2/M block in murine T-lymphoma cells. Radiat Res 1995; 141: 235-243.

23. Imaoka T, Nishimura M, Kakinuma S, Hatano Y, et al, High Relative Biologic Effectiveness of Carbon Ion

Radiation on Induction of Rat Mammary Carcinoma and its Lack of H-ras and Tp53 Mutations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007; 69:194-203.

24. Skarsgard LD, Kihlman BA, Parker L, Pujara CM. and Richardso S, Survival, Chromosome abnormalities and recovery in heavy-ion and X-irradiated mammalian cell. Radiat Res Supp1967; l7: 208-221.

25. Lück-Huhle C, Blakely EA, Chang PY. and Tobias CA, Drastic G2 arrest in mammalian cells after irradiation with heavy-ion beams. Radiat Res 1979; 79: 97-112.

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