Language contact and contact induced change | 35
in order to elucidate more elaborate issues and questions, e.g. application of contemporary theories of linguistic borrowing) and code mixing (cf. Reintges 2001), contact induced changes and the sociolinguistics of multilingualism, loanwords and lexical borrowing, fine-grained semantics encompassing cultural, social and religious connotations, thus having important implications for disciplines other than linguistics.
Where possible, the examination of the material contained in modern databases and lexicographical works should encompass marginal works and recently published texts. Newly discovered texts of ancient languages will continue to improve our knowledge of the different languages spoken in the ancient world and can be useful for the examination of contact phenomena where Greek, as a Großcorpus-language, functions as a ‘donor’ language to other languages, but also for further linguistic surveys, such as the comparison between terms used in different registers (religious, medical, legal, etc.).
On the morphological level, the rendering of certain types of Greek derivational suffixes and nominal compounds in Coptic, Hebrew/Aramaic and Syriac and vice versa could be studied more systematically.27 Further research topics could refer to certain aspects of Greek loanwords concerning research in specialized areas like ‘hybridic’ compounds and typology of borrowing in general (cf. Grossmann/Richter forthcoming). A linguistic survey which concentrates not only on phonology and morphology, but also on syntax and linguistic typology could be facilitated by collecting and analyzing loaned verbs and ‘functional’
words. Today, we have much more material and recent bibliographical documentation and/or analysis on these topics, cf. among others Hasznos (2012) on Greek and Coptic clause patterns, Müller (2009; 2012), Almond (2010) on Greek loaned verbs in Coptic.
It would be overly ambitious to address all the domains of linguistic description for such a wide-ranging corpus in a single paper; nevertheless, the above selected examples should be sufficient to give some idea of the challenges, the problems and the possible benefits stemming from the compilation of new databases and digital dictionaries of the Greek loanwords in the languages of the Greco-Roman and Byzantine periods. As the material is so large in its chronological span and so complex in the problems it poses, only the conjunction
|| 27 Further research in this area should also pay more attention to the influence of Greek on Aramaic: “The contact of Aramaic with Indo-European languages, especially with Greek, may have increased the use of suffixes since the morphology of those languages largely involves suf- fixation rather than differences in vowel patterns” (Creason 2008, 119).
Language contact and contact induced change | 37
of experts from several different disciplines can hope to bring such lexicographical projects closer to completion.
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