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Sida 1 av 4 2012-09-19

Fråga-svar Barnomsorg i Makedonien

Fråga

-Hur ser barnomsorgen ut i Makedonien?

-Hur klarar sig ensamstående föräldrar?

- Finns det dagis/verksamhet som tar hand om barnen medan föräldern arbetar?

- Finns det barnhem för det fall situationen skulle kräva det?

Svar

Lagstiftning om barnomsorg

UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 44 of the Convention; Second periodic report of States parties due in 1998; The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 2009-11-12:

Sid. 50

Social security and childcare services and facilities (arts. 26 and 18, para. 3)

Article 26

292. According to the Law on Social Protection, the beneficiaries of social protection are minors without parents and parental care, children with social conduct problems, children with disorderly behaviour, persons with mild and mental handicaps, individuals incapable of work and the financially unprovided for. According to this Law, children unable to work are children younger than 15, and, when attending regular education, up to the age of 26.

(2)

The social protection rights in first instance are decided by the social welfare centre in the place of residents of the person in need of social protection. In the exercise of the rights of social protection in accordance with the Law, a right to placement of these persons in adequate institutions or foster care is stipulated.

293. In the Republic of Macedonia there are institutions where children without parents and parental care are placed up to the age of three, placed until coming of age, placed for social behaviour problems and placed for disorderly conduct. In these institutions the children are provided with adequate education, upbringing, different forms of work, structured lives, health care and other type of social care.

---

Ensamstående föräldrar

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Study on National Programmes and Benefits in the Frameworks of the Social Protection System in the Republic of Macedonia, August 2011:

Sid. 18

“The following 6 categories of citizens without secured housing may be beneficiaries of social housing units:

---

6) Single parents of minors.

These housing units shall be allocated by a Committee established for this purpose in the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Macedonia.

--- Sid. 75

"Vulnerable population categories in the Republic of Macedonia are:

single parents, who can use permanent cash transfers in the first three years after childbirth, and then transfer to social cash transfers; …"

sid. 85

Programme 6.7.

Permanent cash transfers ---

Persons without property or property right, who do not receive income from other sources, namely:

---

Single mothers during pregnancy, one month before childbirth, and single parents during the first three years of the child's life;

--- sid. 96

Programme 6.16.

Placement in social protection institutions ---

Pregnant women, one month before childbirth, and single parents with infants younger than three months. This right is exercised in:

Public Institution Home for Infants and Toddlers – Bitola (address:

Vasko Karangelevski b.b.);

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Dagisverksamhet

Council of Europe - European Committee of Social Rights, 4th National Report on the implementation of the European Social Charter submitted by The Government Of “The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia”, 2011- 02-14:

sid. 75

"In accordance with the Law on Child Protection, the care and education of preschool age children is organised and executed at public and private children institutions - kindergartens. The care and education of preschool age children is a form of a child protection which as an activity is organised with the purpose of

accommodation, stay, care, education, upbringing, sport and

recreation activities as well as cultural and entertaining activities for improvement and protection of health and for boosting the

intellectual, emotional, physical, mental and social development of the child until the age of 7, that is, until the inclusion in the primary education processes."

--- sid. 76

"In accordance with the Law on Child Protection, the public kindergarten can organise temporary home care for children which shall be performed by the permanent staff of the kindergarten, as well as by engaged external associates and professional workers.

There is also a possibility for the kindergarten to organize certain services which are part of its activity in other spatial conditions (primary school, hospital, house of culture, local community and other institutions, in the home of the parents) as well as to provide certain services which are part of the activities of the kindergarten to children and families in accordance with this Law."

--- Barnhem

Utrikesdepartementet (UD), Eterforskning av föräldrar samt information om barnhem i Makedonien, 2011-07-07 (Lifos 25781) :

Sid. 1

”Det finns två statliga barnhem i Makedonien, ett i Bitola där barn från 0-3 år bor och ett i Skopje där barn från 3-18 år bor samt ett barnhem ägt av en NGO, SOS Kinder. Den information som ambassaden lämnar nedan gäller de två statliga barnhemmen. Det framkom från alla tre intervjuade att antalet barn på barnhemmen sjunker eftersom makedonska myndigheter i allt högre grad försöker placera barnen i fosterhem. Ett problem är att det är svårt att finna fosterföräldrar.”

--- Sid. 3

(4)

”Det räcker att barnens föräldrar inte kan ta hand om barnen för att de(t) ska få plats på barnhem. Det är socialcentret som efter utredning avgör när ett barn anses behöva plats på barnhem.”

---

"När ett barn av olika anledningar inte längre kan bo kvar hos sina föräldrar görs en anmälan till socialcentret som gör en utredningen.

När utredningen är avslutad bestäms om barnet/-n ska bo på barnhem eller inte. Om föräldrarna är direkt skadliga för barnet/-n kan en domstol bestämma att föräldrarna förlorar vårdnaden. Målet är att barnen ska kunna återvända till föräldrarna eller släktingar."

---

Denna sammanställning av information/länkar är baserad på informationssökningar gjorda under en begränsad tid. Den är sammanställd utifrån noggrant utvalda och allmänt tillgängliga informationskällor. Alla använda källor refereras. All information som presenteras, med undantag av obestridda/uppenbara fakta, har dubbelkontrollerats om inget annat anges.

Sammanställningen gör inte anspråk på att vara uttömmande och bör inte tillmätas exklusivt bevisvärde i samband med avgörandet av ett enskilt ärende.

Informationen i sammanställningen återspeglar inte nödvändigtvis Migrationsverkets officiella ståndpunkt i en viss fråga och det finns ingen avsikt att genom sammanställningen göra politiska ställningstaganden.

Refererade dokument bör läsas i sitt sammanhang.

Källförteckning

Council of Europe - European Committee of Social Rights, 4th National Report on the implementation of the European Social Charter submitted by The Government Of “The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia”

(Articles 7,8 and 17 for the period 01/01/2005 – 31/12/2009), [RAP/Cha/FYROM/IV(2011)], 2011-02-14

http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1297764199_fyrom4-en.pdf

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Study on National Programmes and Benefits in the Frameworks of the Social Protection System in the Republic of Macedonia, August 2011

http://htsocialprotection.org/macedonia/publications/en/EN_Schemes.pdf

Utrikesdepartementet (UD), Eterforskning av föräldrar samt information om barnhem i Makedonien, 2011-07-07 (Lifos 25781)

UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 44 of the Convention; Second periodic report of States parties due in 1998; The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia [CRC/C/MKD/2], 2009-11-12

http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/470_1274279149_g0946322.pdf

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