A proposta de solução de inclusão da afetação da gravidade no resultado da dureza, tal como explicado no Subcapítulo 3.3.1, requer o desenvolvimento de um modelo complexo do processo de medição para avaliar a influência deste fator na sua plenitude. Seria benéfico desenvolver um modelo tanto mais detalhado quanto possível, em conjunto com o fabricante do equipamento (Proceq®). Esta solução só se tornaria totalmente validada após a realização de
ensaios empíricos em mais do que um tipo de gravidade e em vários materiais rochosos diferentes ou geomateriais.
Visto que este projeto terá certamente continuidade, sugere-se que, após a automatização do processo de operação do Equotip, se efetuem várias medições em amostras rochosas no decorrer de campanhas de microgravidade.
Depois de consolidada a influência da gravidade, seria interessante estudar a variação da orientação de impacto aquando de medições inseridas em ambiente espacial, a fim de relacionar ambos os parâmetros, permitindo também medições não verticais em gravidades diferentes da terrestre.
Finalmente, recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de hardware e software do GEO-MiNO ou semelhante, no sentido de viabilizar a primeira medição de dureza usando um Equotip numa missão efetivamente no espaço.
Como nota final e tal como referido ao longo desta dissertação, a presente investigação continua a decorrer e os primeiros resultados da experiência do Equotip em voos parabólicos estão a ser analisados. Esta abordagem preliminar e inédita da medição de dureza nas rochas em gravidade lunar e microgravidade com o equipamento Equotip, encontra-se em fase de finalização (peer review) e publicação numa revista científica internacional.
Reference to be submited: A. Pires, A. Costa, R. Moura, A. Persad, J. Reimuller, D. Gowanlock, S. Alavi, H. Wright, J. Almeida, F. G. Almeida, E. Silva, A. Pérez-Alberti, and H. I. Chaminé, mm“Hardness tester for analog planetary rocks: A preliminary assessment of performance in microgravity flight experiment,” Springer Advances in Science, Technology and Innovation Proceedings, vol. 4GEO, 2020.
Abstract: Lunar exploration is more and more imperative when we talk about space missions. But not limited to the Moon or Mars, it is important to inclide asteroids, comets and meteors. Sampling and analysis have posed great challenges in the past and present in such low gravity environments as comets and asteroids (e.g. failure to land on the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet, or more recently missions such as Ryugu and Bennu, demonstrate how microgravity research on Earth is important to the planning and success of geological sampling). This research presents an experiment related with planetary geology and it was performed under the framework of microgravity campaign in the national Research Council of Canada|NRC (Ottawa) with PoSSUM Project (www.projectpossum.org). The main purpose is assessing rock hardness testing function of the Equotip3 (Proceq®) and equipment behavior in microgravity and lunar gravity environments, as well as to carry out preliminary approach for data correlation. This was the first time that this type of research was carried out inside FALCON20 and the first time ever that this equipment flew in these envirments. The data gathered in the experiment enabled us to understand the rock behavior and the hardness values, which are easily related with uniaxial compressive strength values in laboratory. Later, through numerical modeling will be performed in order to analyze all the measurements (in-situ) and to determine data correlation with microgravity environment. The experiment was tested in rock samples from Flagstaff (San Francisco Volcanic Field): basalt and limestone. In terms of future outcomes, this experiment will certainly contribute fot the development of the robotic geo-system that is currently on-going - forthcoming integration in a lander/rover and space suit miniaturization for integrated human use.
Figura 42 - Atividades extraveiculares e trabalho de campo num boulder e rególito do astronauta Harrison Schmidt na missão Apollo 17, em 1972 (última missão tripulada a pousar na Lua) [131]
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Escala
Rockwell Símbolo da escala penetrador Tipo de
Força preliminar
(𝑭𝑯𝑹𝟎) Força Total (𝑭𝑯𝑹) 𝑺𝑯𝑹 𝑵𝑯𝑹
Intervalos de aplicação
A HRA Cone de diamante 98,07 N 588,4 N 0,002 mm 100 20-95 HRA
B HRBW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 1,5875 mm 98,07 N 980,7 N 0,002 mm 130 10-100 HRBW C HRC Cone de diamante 98,07 N 1,471 kN 0,002 mm 100 20-70 HRC D HRD Cone de diamante 98,07 N 980,7 N 0,002 mm 100 40-77 HRD E HREW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 3,175 mm 98,07 N 980,7 N 0,002 mm 130 70-100 HREW F HRFW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 1,5875 mm 98,07 N 588,4 N 0,002 mm 130 60-100 HRFW G HRGW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 1,5875 mm 98,07 N 1,471 kN 0,002 mm 130 30-94 HRGW H HRHW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 3,175 mm 98,07 N 588,4 N 0,002 mm 130 80-100 HRHW K HRKW Esfera de carboneto de tungsténio Ø 3,175 mm 98,07 N 1,471 kN 0,002 mm 130 40-100 HRKW 15N HR15N Cone de diamante 29,42 N 147,1 N 0,001 mm 100 70-94 HR15N 30N HR30N Cone de diamante 29,42 N 294, 2 N 0,001 mm 100 42-86 HR30N 45N HR45N Cone de diamante 29,42 N 441,3 N 0,001 mm 100 20-77 HR45N
15T HR15TW tungsténio Ø carboneto de