*
ﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘهﺪﻧرﺎﮕﻧ
:
ﻦﻔﻠﺗ،يدﺎﺑآدﻮﻤﺤﻣﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ
: 09153635067
ﻚﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﺴﭘ،
: razereza2002@gmail.com
ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﺶﻨﺗ زروﺎﺸﻛمﻮﻠﻋردﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣيﺎﻫ ي
نﺎﺘﺴﻣز،لواهرﺎﻤﺷ،لواﺪﻠﺟ 87
56 -47
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻪﻧاد
تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
و
كﺎﺧ
يرﻮﺷ
ناﺰﻴﻣ
ﺮﺑ
ﻲﻟآ
دﻮﻛ
ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ
ﺮﺛا
يا
ي
ﺎﻳﻮﺳ
يدﺎﺑآدﻮﻤﺤﻣﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1 * ،
ﻲﻘﻧورﺪﻴﺠﻤﻟاﺪﺒﻋ
2
نﺎﻴﻤﻳﺮﻛﻲﻠﻌﻔﺠﻧ،
2
مﺎﻣاﻲﻴﺤﻳ،
3
1 .
ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣآﺶﻧاد ﻲ
ﺎﻨﺸﻛﺎﺧﺪﺷرا ﺳ
ﻲ زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد، ي
ﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد، ﻴ
زاﺮ
2 .
ﻲﻤﻠﻋتﺎﻴﻫيﺎﻀﻋا ﺳﺎﻨﺸﻛﺎﺧﺶﺨﺑ
ﻲ زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد، ي
ﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد، ﻴ
زاﺮ
4 .
ﻲﻤﻠﻋتﺎﻴﻫﻮﻀﻋ زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد،ﺖﻋارزﺶﺨﺑ
ي ﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد، ﻴ
زاﺮ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳردﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
20 / 10 / 87 شﺮﻳﺬﭘﺦﻳرﺎﺗ؛ :
24 / 12 / 87
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
هدﺎﻣراﺪﻘﻣ ي
ﺎﭘناﺮﻳايزروﺎﺸﻛيﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧﺐﻠﻏاﻲﻟآ وﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ،ﻲﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﺪﻧاﻮﺗﻲﻣﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧﻦﻳاردﻲﻟآدﻮﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛوﺖﺳاﻦﻴﻳ
ﺪﺸﺨﺑدﻮﺒﻬﺑاركﺎﺧيﺰﻴﺨﻠﺻﺎﺣ .
ﻻﺎﺑيرﻮﺷ،ﺎﻬﺘﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛوﻲﻣاديﺎﻫدﻮﻛﻲﺧﺮﺑزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاتﻼﻜﺸﻣزاﻲﻜﻳ ﺪﺷرﺮﺑنآبﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧﺮﺛاو
ﺖﺳاهﺎﻴﮔ . ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﻦﻳازافﺪﻫ ﻲﻟآدﻮﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗيا
تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﺮﺑ ﺰﻣﺎﻴﻠﻳوﻢﻗر
)
Wiliams
( ﻪﻧاد ﺎﻳﻮﺳ
(Glycine
max L.)
ﺖﺳا . ﻲﻟآدﻮﻛعﻮﻧﻪﺳﻞﻣﺎﺷﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ )
يﺪﻨﻔـﺳﻮﮔدﻮـﻛويوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ،يﺮﻬﺷﻪﻟﺎﺑزﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ (
ﺢﻄـﺳرﺎـﻬﭼرد )
0 ، 1 ، 2 و 4
ﻲﻧزوﺪﺻرد (
ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺢﻄﺳودو )
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآوهﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ (
ـﻜﺗﻪﺳﺎﺑﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗًﻼﻣﺎﻛكﻮﻠﺑحﺮﻃترﻮﺻﻪﺑ
دﻮـﺑراﺮ . ﻦـﻳاﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ
ﻪـﻧادردهﺪﺷيﺮﻴﮔهزاﺪﻧاﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣوﺲﻣ،يور،ﺮﻔﺴﻓ،نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺖﻈﻠﻏﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛوﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﻪﻛدادنﺎﺸﻧﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻣ ﻲ دﺮﮔ د، ﺶﻳاﺰﻓايرادﻲﻨﻌﻣرﻮﻃﻪﺑارﻪﻧادﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣونژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺖﻈﻠﻏﺎﻬﻨﺗيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛﻲﻟو ـﻣ
ﻲ ﺪـﻫد . دﻮـﻛوﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآ
ﻤﻋيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ
دادﺶﻫﺎﻛارﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠ .
داﺪﻧنﺎﺸﻧارﻲﺻﺎﺧﺪﻧورﻪﻧادﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺖﻈﻠﻏﺮﺑﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺮﺛا .
ﻪـﺑﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧﻪـﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ
يﺎﻬﺘﺒﺴﻧﺎﺑﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼﺪﺳرﻲﻣﺮﻈﻧﻪﺑهﺪﻣآﺖﺳد ﺮﺘﻤﻛ
دﻮﺷراﺮﻜﺗﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ ،
ﺑيﺮﺘﻬﺑﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪ
ﺪﻣآﺪﻫاﻮﺧﺖﺳد .
يﺪﻴﻠﻛيﺎﻫهژاو :
ﻪﻟﺎﺑزﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ ي
ﮔدﻮﻛ،يﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﻧاد،يرﻮﺷتاﺮﺛاﺶﻫﺎﻛ،يﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛ،يوﺎ
ي ﺎﻳﻮﺳ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
يرورﺎﺑردﻲﻧاﻮﻴﺣيﺎﻫدﻮﻛﺮﻴﻈﻧﻲﻟآداﻮﻣزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
لواﺪـﺘﻣنﺎـﻬﺟطﺎـﻘﻧمﺎﻤﺗردزﺎﺑﺮﻳدزا،ﻲﻋارزيﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧ ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ .
يﺎـﻬﻛﺎﺧردﻲـﻟآداﻮـﻣدﻮـﺒﻤﻛﻪـﺑﻪـﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ
ردﻲـﻟآتﺎـﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ،ﻚﺸﺧﻪﻤﻴﻧوﻚﺸﺧﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ
ﺎﺑﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣﻦﻳا وﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴـﺷ،ﻲـﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓصاﻮـﺧ دﻮـﺒﻬﺑﺚﻋ
ﻲﻣكﺎﺧيﺰﻴﺨﻠﺻﺎﺣ دﻮﺷ
. ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺎـﺑ،ﺮـﮕﻳد يﻮـﺳزا
ﻪـﻧﻼﻗﺎﻋًﻻﺎـﻤﺘﺣا،ﻲـﻟآداﻮﻣنوﺰﻓازورﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗوﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ
هارﻦﻳﺮــﺘﻨﺌﻤﻄﻣﻲــﻄﻴﺤﻣﺖــﺴﻳزﺮــﻈﻧزاو،ﻦﻳﺮــﺗ
ﻪـﺑﺎـﻬﻧآندوﺰـﻓا،داﻮـﻣﻦـﻳانﺪﺷﻪﺘﺷﺎﺒﻧازايﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ
ﺖـﺳايزروﺎـﺸﻛيﺎﻬﻨﻴﻣز .
ﻲـﺷﺎﻧﻲﻟﺎـﻤﺘﺣاتاﺮـﻄﺧ زا
ﻨﻴﻣزﻪﺑﻲﻟآداﻮﻣندﺮﻛﻪﻓﺎﺿا زاﻞﺒﻗﺪﻳﺎﺑيزروﺎﺸﻛيﺎﻬ
دﺮـﻴﮔراﺮـﻗﻲـﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮـﻣنآيدﺎﺼﺘﻗاويدﻮﻛشزرا .
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑﻪﻛيدراﻮﻣزا ﻲﻜﻳ ﻪﺑصﺎﺧرﻮﻃ
،دﻮﺷﻪﺟﻮﺗنآ
ﺎﻫدﻮﻛﻦﻳايرﻮﺷراﺪﻘﻣ ﺖﺳا
ﻲـﻣﻪـﻛ ناﻮـﻨﻋﻪـﺑﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ
ددﺮﮔ حﺮﻄﻣهﺎﻴﮔ ﺪﺷرهﺪﻨﻨﻛ دوﺪﺤﻣ .
نﺎـﺸﻧتﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﻪﻛﺖﺳا هداد ﻲـﻟآيﺎـﻫدﻮﻛزاتﺪـﻣﻲﻧﻻﻮـﻃ
ﻲﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑﻪﺘﺷادلﺎﺒﻧدﻪﺑ اركﺎﺧنﺪﺷرﻮﺷﺪﻧاﻮﺗ .
رﻮـﺷ
ﻛﺎﺧنﺪﺷ يزروﺎﺸﻛﻲﺳﺎﺳاتﻼﻜﺸﻣزاﻲﻜﻳﻲﻋارزيﺎﻬ
ناﺮﻳاﻪﻠﻤﺟزاﺎﻴﻧد ﺖﺳا
) نارﺎﻜﻤﻫوزدور .
، 1992 .(
ﻲﻟﻮﺳر ) 1381 ( دﻮﻛ،ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﻪﻛدادنﺎﺸﻧ
ﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪـﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺎﺑيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔويوﺎﮔ ﻲـﻜﻳ
هرﺎﺼﻋ ي
دﻮـﺑهاﺮـﻤﻫكﺎـﺧعﺎﺒﺷا ،
ﻪـﺑ ﻦـﻳاﻪـﻛيرﻮـﻃ
ويوﺎـﮔدﻮﻛ،ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺪـﺻردرﺎـﻬﭼﺢﻄﺳردﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ 4
، 7 / 6 و 9
دﻮـﺑﺪﻫﺎـﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺮﺑاﺮﺑ .
نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫوﻦﻴﺘــﺴﭘا )
كﺎﺧﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟا زا 41 / 0 ﻪﺑ 5 / 5 ﻲﺳد
ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز ،
ﺮﺑ
فﺮـﺼﻣﺮﺛا 240
ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻦـﺗ زاﻲـﺷﺎﻧاررﺎـﺘﻜﻫرد
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻧاددﻮﻛﻦﻳاردﺮﻠﻛوﻢﻳﺰﻴﻨﻣ،ﻢﻴﺴﻠﻛيﻻﺎﺑﺖﻈﻠﻏ .
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ وﮓﻧاﻮﻴﻟ )
1984 ( دﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﻪـﻛﺪـﻧدﺮﻛشراﺰﮔ
50 يرﻮﺷﺎﺑﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻤﺠﺣﺪﺻرد 21
ﻲﺳد ﺲﻨـﻤﻳز
مﻮﻟكﺎﺧﻚﻳردﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ
زااركﺎـﺧيرﻮـﺷ،ﻲﺘﻠﻴﺳ 2 / 0 ﻪــــﺑ 3 / 17 ﻲــــﺳد ﺶﻳاﺰــــﻓاﺮــــﺘﻣﺮــــﺑﺲﻨــــﻤﻳز ﻣ ﻲ ﻫد ﺪ .
ﻣوﻮﻛاﻮﻴﺑ ﻮﻧﻼ
) 1994 ( ﺎـﺑﻪـﻛﺪـﻧدﺮﻛهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
ندوﺰﻓا 74 ﺖﻳاﺪـﻫﺖـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ،رﺎـﺘﻜﻫ ردﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻦـﺗ
زاكﺎﺧﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟا 52
/ 1 ﻪﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷرد 44 / 2 ﻲﺳد ﺲﻨﻤﻳز
ﺖﺳاﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ . تاﺮﭘ ) 1984 ( دﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﺎـﺑ 40 ﺎﺗ 158 ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻣدﻮﻛراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻴﺑ،رﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻲﻣاددﻮﻛﻦﺗ
كﺎـﺧﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗو ﻪـﻄﺑارﻚـﻳ ﻢﻴﻘﺘـﺴﻣ دروآﺖﺳﺪﺑ . ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ رددﻮـﺟﻮﻣحﻼﻣاﻞﻴﻟدﻪﺑ
نآ ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺐﺟﻮﻣ ) EC ( كﺎﺧ ﻣ ﻲ دﻮـﺷ ) ﺰﭽﻧﺎـﺳ ،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوورﺪـﻧﻮﻣ 2001 .( ﺎـﻫ وﻮﺋ ﮓﻧﺎﭼ ) 2003 (
ﻪﻛﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺐﺒﺳيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ
ﻪـﺑﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﻦﻳاﻪﻛهﺪﺷكﺎﺧﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ
ﺮﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛيازا ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑدﻮـﻛرددﻮﺟﻮﻣﻚﻤﻧﻦﺗ
1108 / 0 ﻲﺳد
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز .
،ﻢﻴـﺳﺎﺘﭘ،ﻢﻳﺪـﺳﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ
ﻲﺑ،ﺮﻠﻛ،ﻢﻳﺰﻴﻨﻣ
يوﺎـﮔدﻮـﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑتﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳوتﺎﻨﺑﺮﻛ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻲﻀﻌﺑرد
ﻪﺑﻲﻣاددﻮﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ،ﺎﻫ
ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﻞﻴﻟد
ﻲـﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪـﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ )
EC
( ﺶﻫﺎـﻛﺐﺒـﺳكﺎـﺧ
ﺳاهﺪﺷهﺎﻴﮔدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺖ
)
،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫورﻮﭘﻲﻠﻗرﻮﻧ 1382
؛
،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫوﻲﻠﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳا 2008
،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫويدﺎﺑآدﻮﻤﺤﻣ؛
2008 ؛
نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ وطﺎﻴﺧ ،
2009 .( ﺮـﮕﻳدناﺮﮕـﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
ﻪﻛﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ
ﺪـﺷر،ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻪـﻨﻴﻬﺑﺮﻳدﺎـﻘﻣ
ردسﺮﺘـﺳدﻞـﺑﺎﻗﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫوهﺎﻴﮔ
ﻲﻣدﻮﺒﻬﺑاركﺎﺧ
ﺪﺸﺨﺑ ) ،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوﻮﮔارﺪﺋﻮﻛ 2001
؛
،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ وﺲﻳدﺎﻴﺗﺎﻣﺎﺘﺳا 1999 .( زا ﻲﻠـﺻاتﻼﻜـﺸﻣ ﺎﻛ
ﺖﻴﻤﺳدﺎﺠﻳا ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺎﻳزدﺮﺑر دﺎـﻳزراﺪﻘﻣزا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ
ﻚﻤﻧ ) ،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫوﺲﻳدﺎﻴﺗﺎﻣﺎﺘﺳا 1999
( تاﺰﻠﻓﻊﻤﺠﺗو
ﻢﻛ
نﺎـﺴﻧاﺖﻣﻼﺳﺖﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻣﻪﻛﺖﺳانﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔردبﺎﻳ ﺎﻳ زاﻪﻛارﻲﻧاﻮﻴﺣ نآ
ﻲـﻣﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ
ﻪـﺟاﻮﻣﺮـﻄﺧﺎـﺑﺪـﻨﻛ
دزﺎﺳ ) ،ﻲﻟزوﺮﺘﭘ 1996 .( ﻲﺳﻮﻃيﻮﺿر ) 1380 ( ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﻪﻛدادنﺎﺸﻧ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑ
بﺮـﺳ ﺖـﻈﻠﻏﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣراد رد هﺎـﻴﮔ ــﻣ ﻲ ــﺷ دﻮ . هرﺎــﺼﻋﻞــﺑﺎﻗبﺮــﺳﺖــﻈﻠﻏ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗيﺮــﻴﮔ هرﺎﺼﻋ ﺮﻴﮔ DTPA ، زاﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ 8 / 0 ومﺮـﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ 4 / 0
كﺎــﺧردﺪﻫﺎــﺷيﺎــﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗردمﺮــﮔردمﺮــﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
جﺎﻨﻔـﺳاوﺞﻧﺮﺑﺖﺸﻛﺮﻳز ، ﻪـﺑ 9 / 3 و 9 / 1 ردمﺮـﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗردمﺮﮔ 60
ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛمﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ
ﺖﺳاﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ . يﻮﺟﺮﻣ ) 1378 ( فﺮﺼﻣﺎﺑ 50 ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻦﺗ
نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫوﻲﻨﻴﺋﻮﻜــﺳﺎﮔوﻪــﻟﺎﺑز ) 1995 ( دﺮﺑرﺎــﻛﺎــﺑ تﻻﻮﻀﻓﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ ،
شراﺰـﮔار كﺎـﺧردبﺮـﺳﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ . ﻮﻧﻼﻣوﻮﻛاﻮﻴﺑ )
1994 ( دﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﺎﺑﻪﻛﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ
37 و 74 دﻦﺗ
ﻲـﻣاددﻮﻛرﺎﺘﻜﻫر ، ﻴﻣدﺎـﻛﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﻮ ردم زاكﺎﺧ 71 / 0 ﻪـﺑﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪـﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗردمﺮﮔﻲﻠﻴﻣ
71 / 0 و 79 / 0 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓاكﺎﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ
هﺎـﻴﮔياﺮـﺑﺖﻴﻤـﺳﺪـﺣزاﺮﺘﻤﻛراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳاﻪﻛ )
10 -5
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ كﺎﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ (
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ .
ندﺮـﻛرﻮـﺷ،يﺮﻬـﺷﻪـﻟﺎﺑزﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛتﻼﻜﺸﻣزا ﻲﻜﻳ
كﺎﺧ صﻮﺼﺨﺑﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﻪﺑكﺎﺧﻲﮔدﻮﻟآوﻲﻋارز
ﺖﺳا مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛوبﺮﺳ .
يدﺎﻬﻨـﺸﻴﭘيﺎـﻫرﺎﻜﻫار زاﻲـﻜﻳ
اﺮﺑ ي ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺮﻀﻣ تاﺮﺛاﻦﻳاﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺖـﺳا
. زا
ﻪﻛﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪﻨﻴﻣزﻦﻳارد ور ي ﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ ي ناﺮـﻳارد ﻛﺪﻧاتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻲ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺖﺳا ، ـﺗ ﺄ يورﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآﺮﻴﺛ
ردﻲﻔﻨﻣتاﺮﺛاﻦﻳاناﺰﻴﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛ رديﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﺶﻳﺎﻣزآدرﻮﻣ،نﺎﻬﻔﺻا .
اﺮﺑ ي نﺪـﺷﺮﺘﺤـﺿاو
دﻮـﻛعﻮـﻧودﺎﺑهﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ،تاﺮﺛاﻦﻳا ﺪﺷﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔويوﺎﮔﻲﻣاد .
شوروداﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ اﺮﺑ ي مﺎـﺠﻧا نداد ،ﺶﻳﺎـﻣزآﻦـﻳا ﺎـﺗﺮﻔـﺻﻖـﻤﻋزا
30 كﺎــﺧيﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎــﺳ ﺎــﻫ ي ﺮــﺳ ي يدﺮــﺠﻣار ) Fine,
mixed, mesic, Fluventic Haploxerepts
(
راﺪﻘﻣﻪﺑ
رادﺮﺑﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧزﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ ي
ﺪـﺷ . ردكﺎـﺧﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ
ﻠﻴﻣودﻚﻟازا رﻮﺒﻋزاﺲﭘوﻚﺸﺧاﻮﻫضﺮﻌﻣ ﻲ ﺮـﺘﻣ ي ﺧﺮﺑ ﻲ ﻲﮔﮋﻳو ﺎﻫ ي ﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻲ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ نآ .
ﻦﻳا
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو
شوروﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ي
زاﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ ترﺎـﺒﻋﻚـﻳﺮﻫ ﻦﻴـﻴﻌﺗ :
ﻪـﺑكﺎﺧﺖﻓﺎﺑ
ﻲـﻟآهدﺎـﻣ،يﺮﺘﻣورﺪـﻴﻫشور
1. Diethylen Triamene Penta Acetate 2. Shimadzo AA-670
ﻪـﺑندﺮﻛهﺮﺘﻴﺗ ﺲﭙﺳوﻚﻴﻣوﺮﻛﺪﻴﺳاﺎﺑنﻮﻴﺳاﺪﻴﺴﻛا تﺎﻔﻟﻮــﺳمﻮــﻴﻧﻮﻣآسوﺮــﻓ )
،نﻮــﺴﻜﺟ 1975
( ﺖــﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ،
ﺑعﺎﺒﺷاهرﺎﺼﻋردﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﻪ
ﺖﻳاﺪﻫﻪﻠﻴﺳو
ﺞﻨﺳ
ﻪﺘﻳﺪﻴﺳا،ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟا )
pH
(
ﻪﺑعﺎﺒﺷاﺮﻴﻤﺧرد
ﻪﻠﻴﺳو
pH
ﻛشورﻪـﺑﻞـﻛنژوﺮـﺘﻴﻧ،ﺮﺘﻣ ﺠ
لاﺪـﻠ ) ،ﺮـﻨﻣﺮﺑ 1965 ( ،
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻔﺴﻓ هرﺎﺼﻋﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﺮﻴﮔ ، ﻲﺑ ﻢﻳﺪـﺳتﺎﻨﺑﺮﻛ
نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوﻦﺴﻟواشورﻪﺑ )
1954 ( هرﺎـﺼﻋﻢﻴـﺳﺎﺘﭘو
مﻮـﻴﻧﻮﻣآتﺎﺘــﺳاﺎـﺑهﺪــﺷيﺮـﻴﮔ )
،نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫوﻦــﺳدﺎﻧ
1982 ( ﺎـﺑفﺮـﺼﻣﻢﻛﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋو
1 DTPA
) وﻲـﺳﺪﻨﻴﻟ
،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 1978
( هرﺎﺼﻋ ﻪﻠﻴـﺳوﻪـﺑﺎﻬﻧآﺖﻈﻠﻏويﺮﻴﮔ
ﻲــﻤﺗابﺬــﺟهﺎﮕﺘــﺳد
2
ﻦﻴــﻴﻌﺗ ﺪــﻳدﺮﮔ . ﻲــﮔﮋﻳو يﺎــﻫ
هزاﺪﻧا ﮔ هﺪﺷيﺮﻴ ي
لوﺪﺟردكﺎﺧ 1
هﺪﺷهدروآ ﺖﺳا
.
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛوﺎﻫدﻮﻛ
ﻪـﻧﺎﺧرﺎﻛزا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ ي
ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
يزﺎـﺳ
ﺪـــﺣاوزايوﺎـــﮔويﺪﻨﻔـــﺳﻮﮔيﺎـــﻫدﻮﻛونﺎﻬﻔـــﺻا هﺪﻜﺸﻧاديروﺮﭙﻣاد ي
ﻪـﻴﻬﺗزاﺮﻴـﺷهﺎﮕـﺸﻧاديزروﺎـﺸﻛ
ﻚـﻟازارﻮﺒﻋواﻮﻫردندﺮﻛﻚﺸﺧزاﺲﭘﻪﻛﺪﻳدﺮﮔ 2
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺑ،يﺮﺘﻣ وﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗﺶﻫﺎﻛرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪ
ﻲﺗاﺮﺘﻴﻧنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ ،
ﺎﻫدﻮﻛزاﻲﺘﻤﺴﻗ
ﺪـﺷﻲﺋﻮـﺸﺑآ .
ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻲﻣاددﻮﻛﻲﺼﺨﺸﻣراﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳزﻮﺗ
و 10 نزوﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻪﻓﺎﺿاﺮﻄﻘﻣبآنآ )
ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآﺖﺒﺴﻧ 1
ﻪـﺑ
10
ﺮـﻄﻘﻣبآﻪﺑﻲﻟآدﻮﻛ (
و زابآﺎـﺗﺪـﺷهدادهزﺎـﺟا
دﻮﺷجرﺎﺧفﺮﻇﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ .
آيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ ﺲﭙﺳهﺪﺷﻲﺋﻮﺸﺑ
رد
ضﺮﻌﻣ
ﺪﻧﺪـﺷﻚـﺸﺧاﻮﻫ .
pH
ﺮـﻄﻘﻣبآرد ﺖـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗو
شورﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣﺰﻴﻧﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫ درﻮـﻣردﻪـﺘﻓررﺎﻛﻪﺑ
هزاﺪﻧاكﺎﺧ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔيﺮﻴﮔ .
،تادﺎـﻧاودرزشورﻪـﺑﺮﻔـﺴﻓ
هدﺎﻣ ي ﻞﻛنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧوﻲﻟآ )
ﻛ ﺠ لاﺪﻠ ( مﺎـﺠﻧاشورﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ
هزاﺪﻧاكﺎﺧياﺮﺑهﺪﺷ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷيﺮﻴﮔ .
ﺮـﺻﺎﻨﻋﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،يور
آ،ﺲـــﻣ شورﻪـــﺑبﺮـــﺳوﻢﻴﻣدﺎـــﻛ،ﺰـــﻨﮕﻨﻣ،ﻦـــﻫ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﺪﻴـﺳاردنآﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧندﺮﻛﻞﺣﺲﭙﺳوﻲﻧازﻮﺳ
ﻚﻳرﺪﻳﺮﻠﻛ 2
ﻲـﻤﺗابﺬـﺟهﺎﮕﺘﺳدزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑورﻻﻮﻣ
هزاﺪﻧانآ ﺪﺷيﺮﻴﮔ .
لوﺪﺟردﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
يﺎﻫ 2 ، 3 و 4 نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺖﺳاهﺪﺷهداد .
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ
يا
ﺎﺑﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗًﻼﻣﺎﻛحﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗردﻞﻳرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻦﻳا 3
ﻪــﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔردراﺮــﻜﺗ ي
هﺪﻜــﺸﻧادﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺸﻛﺎﺧﺶــﺨﺑ ي
ﺪﺷمﺎﺠﻧازاﺮﻴﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاديزروﺎﺸﻛ .
ﺶﻳﺎـﻣزآيﺎـﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ 3 ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛويﺪﻨﻔـﺳﻮﮔدﻮـﻛ،يوﺎـﮔدﻮﻛعﻮﻧ
ﺢﻄﺳرﺎﻬﭼﺎﺑنﺎﻬﻔﺻا )
40،20،10،0 مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛردمﺮـﮔ
كﺎﺧ ( و 2 ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺢﻄﺳ )
وهﺪـﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﻲﻟآيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ
هﺪﺸﻧ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ (
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ .
ﺎﺧ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﻪﺳ
ﻪﺴﻴﻛردك
يﺎـﻫ
ﺲﭙﺳوﺪﺷﻪﺘﺨﻳرﻲﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﻪـﻳﺰﺠﺗﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ
كﺎﺧ ،ﺖـﺧاﻮﻨﻜﻳرﻮﻃﻪﺑﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧمﺎﻤﺗﻪﺑ 50
ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ مﺮـﮔ
هرواﻊﺒﻨﻣزا كﺎﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ )
زاﻞـﺒﻗﻲـﻤﻴﻧ
ﻚﻳﻲﻤﻴﻧوﺖﺷﺎﻛ
ﺖـﺷﺎﻛزاﺲﭘهﺎﻣ (
، 25 ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ مﺮـﮔ
ﻊــﺒﻨﻣزاكﺎــﺧمﺮﮔﻮــﻠﻴﻛردﺮﻔــﺴﻓ
KH2PO4
و 5
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
ردﻦﻫآمﺮﮔ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺳﻮﻜﺳﻊـﺒﻨﻣزاكﺎـﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
138 راﺪﻘﻣ، 5 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻊﺒﻨﻣزاكﺎﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛرديورمﺮﮔ
ZnSO4.2H2O
و 5 ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮــﻠﻴﻛردﺰــﻨﮕﻨﻣمﺮــﮔ
ﻊــﺒﻨﻣزاكﺎــﺧ
MnSO4
و 5 / 2 ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ ردﺲــﻣمﺮــﮔ
ﻊـﺒﻨﻣزاكﺎـﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
CuSO4
لﻮـﻠﺤﻣترﻮـﺻﻪـﺑ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻪﻓﺎﺿا .
ﻲﻓﺎـﻛﺮـﻄﻘﻣبآندﺮﻛﻪﻓﺎﺿاﺎﺑ ،
ﺖـﺑﻮﻃر
ﺪﺣﻪﺑكﺎﺧ هﺪﻧﺎﺳرﻲﻋارزﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
ﺪﺷ ،ﺪـﻌﺑزورﺪﻨﭼو
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺴﻴﻛﺮﻫرددﻮﺟﻮﻣكﺎﺧ
ﻪـﺑوﺪـﺷطﻮـﻠﺨﻣﻲﺑﻮـﺧ
ﻲﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘيﺎﻬﻧاﺪﻠﮔ 3
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣﻲﻣﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ .
داﺪـﻌﺗ
6
ﺎﻳﻮﺳرﺬﺑدﺪﻋ ي
ناﺪﻠﮔﻚﻳردﺰﻣﺎﻴﻠﻳوﻢﻗر و
ﻖﻤﻋرد
دوﺪﺣ 5 / 1 ﺎﺗ 2
ﺪﺷﻪﺘﺷﺎﻛﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ .
ﻦـﻳازاﺲﭘ ﻪـﻛ
هزاﺪﻧاﻪﺑﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ي
ﺪـﻧدﺮﻛﺪـﺷرﻲﻓﺎﻛ ،
ﻪـﺗﻮﺑداﺪـﻌﺗ
يﺎـﻫ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑفﺬﺣﺎﺑناﺪﻠﮔﺮﻫردﺎﻳﻮﺳ
ﻪﺑﺮﺘﻔﻴﻌﺿيﺎﻫ 3
دﺪـﻋ
ﻴﻠﻘﺗ
ﺪﺷهدادﻞ .
ﻧاﺪﻠﮔﺖﺑﻮﻃر
هرودلﻮﻃردﺎﻬ ي
ﺎـﺑﺪﺷر
ﺎﻬﻧاﺪﻠﮔﻦﻳزﻮﺗ و
ﺖـﻴﻓﺮﻇﺪﺣردﺮﻄﻘﻣبآزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑ
ﻲﻋارز )
FC
( ﻪﮕﻧ ﺪﺷﻪﺘﺷاد .
زاﺲـﭘ 16 ﻪـﺘﻔﻫ ) نﺎـﻳﺎﭘ
ﻲﺸﻳازﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ (
ﺪﻧﺪـﺷﺖـﺷادﺮﺑهﺪﺷﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗيﺎﻬﻓﻼﻏ و
ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷرﺎﺑودزاﺲﭘ )
بآﺎـﺑﺲﭙـﺳوﻲﻟﻮـﻤﻌﻣ بآﺎﺑ
ﺮﻄﻘﻣ ( تراﺮﺣردنوآرد 65
ﻪـﺟرد ي ﻲﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﺎـﺗداﺮـﮔ
ﺪﻧﺪـﺷﻚـﺸﺧﺖﺑﺎﺛنزوﻪﺑنﺪﻴﺳر .
زاﺲـﭘﺎـﻫﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ
ﻪـﻳﺰﺠﺗمﺎﺠﻧارﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑوردﻮﭘﻲﻗﺮﺑبﺎﻴﺳآﺎﺑ،ﻦﻳزﻮﺗ ي
ﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﺪﺷﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣهﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآﻪﺑﻲ ﺪﻧ
.
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗياﺮﺑ ي
ﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﻳ
امﺮﮔﻚﻳ ،هﺎﻴﮔﻲ هدﺎﻣز
ي ﻚﺸﺧ
هرﻮــﻛردﻪــﻧاد ي
يﺎــﻣدردﻲــﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟا 550
ﻪــﺟرد ي
ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ردﺲﭙـﺳوﺮﺘـﺴﻛﺎﺧداﺮﮔ 5
ﺪﻴـﺳاﺮـﺘﻴﻟﻲـﻠﻴﻣ
ﻚﻳرﺪﻳﺮﻠﻛ 2
ﻦﻤﺗاوﻲﻓﺎﺻ 42
ﻢـﺠﺣﻪـﺑﺮﻄﻘﻣبآﺎﺑ 50 ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ ﺮـﺘﻴﻟ ــﺳر ﺪﻴ و ﺲﭙــﺳ وبﺮــﺳ،ﺲــﻣ،يور،ﺰــﻨﮕﻨﻣﺖــﻈﻠﻏ
ﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻮ
ﻲﻤﺗابﺬﺟهﺎﮕﺘﺳدﺎﺑم شورﻪـﺑﺮﻔﺴﻓﺖﻈﻠﻏو
ﺪﺷﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗتادﺎﻧاوتاﺪﺒﻴﻟﻮﻣ .
،ﺰـﻨﮕﻨﻣ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻓ،نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻞﻣﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔيﺎﻬﺨﺳﺎﭘ
مﺮــﻧﺎــﺑﻪــﻧادنزووداﺪــﻌﺗوﺲــﻣ،يور يﺎــﻫراﺰﻓا
EXCEL, MSTAT C
نﻮـﻣزآزاهدﺎﻔﺘـﺳاﺎـﺑو
F
ﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗدرﻮﻣ ﺖ . لوﺪﺟ 1 .
درﻮﻣكﺎﺧﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷوﻲﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓيﺎﻬﻴﮔﮋﻳوزاﻲﺧﺮﺑ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ سر ﺖﻠﻴﺳ ﻲﻟآهدﺎﻣ P K Fe Mn Zn
Cu كﺎﺧﻲﮔﮋﻳو
(%)
pH EC
(dS m-1)
)
كﺎﺧمﺮﮔﺮﺑمﺮﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
( راﺪﻘﻣ 48 23 23 / 0 5 / 7 27 / 0 4 / 7 384 9 / 3 6 / 3 56 / 0 9 / 1 لوﺪﺟ 2 .
ﻲﮔﮋﻳوزاﻲﺧﺮﺑ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآدرﻮﻣﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷيﺎﻫ
TN EC TP TK Fe Mn Zn Cu Pb
Cd ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﮔﮋﻳو
pH
(%) (dS m-1)
)
ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛمﺮﮔﺮﺑمﺮﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
( هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 9 / 7 52 / 1 2 / 7 4810 169 1720 978 685 301 232 24 هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 1 / 8 39 / 1 7 / 2 3250 112 1611 928 647 282 143 12 لوﺪﺟ 3 .
ﻴﮔﮋﻳوزاﻲﺧﺮﺑ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآدرﻮﻣيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷيﺎﻬ
TN EC TP TK Fe Mn Zn Cu Pb
Cd يوﺎﮔدﻮﻛﻲﮔﮋﻳو
pH
(%) (dS m-1)
)
يوﺎﮔدﻮﻛمﺮﮔﺮﺑمﺮﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
( هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 6 / 8 15 / 2 9 / 7 8000 341 1093 772 432 27 ND 2 / 0 هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 7 / 8 84 / 1 1 / 3 7120 308 986 758 380 25 ND 2 / 0 ND :
هزاﺪﻧاﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻴﻏ يﺮﻴﮔ لوﺪﺟ 4 .
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآدرﻮﻣيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷيﺎﻬﻴﮔﮋﻳوزاﻲﺧﺮﺑ
TN EC TP TK Fe Mn Zn Cu Pb Cd
ﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛﻲﮔﮋﻳو يﺪ
pH
(%) (dS m-1)
)
يﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛمﺮﮔﺮﺑمﺮﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
( هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 8 / 7 81 / 2 2 / 11 7100 563 654 488 347 41 ND 8 / 0 هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 9 / 7 63 / 2 9 / 4 6550 513 532 430 319 36 ND 6 / 0 ND :
هزاﺪﻧاﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻴﻏ يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ي
ﭙﻤﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴـﺷ ويوﺎـﮔيﺎـﻫدﻮﻛوﺖـﺳﻮ
يﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ) لوﺪﺟ يﺎﻫ 2 ، 3 و 4 ( ﺖـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗﻪﻛدادنﺎﺸﻧ
هدﻮﺑﻻﺎﺑًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧﺎﻫدﻮﻛﻦﻳاﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ) ﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪـﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 2 / 7 ، 9 / 7 و 9 / 11
ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد (
ﺎـﻣا زاﺪـﻌﺑ
ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ يﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ـﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﺖـﺳاﻪ ) 7 / 2 ، 1 / 3 و 9 / 4
ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد .(
ﻦﻴـﻨﭽﻤﻫﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآ
ﺑ
هرﺎـﺼﻋﻲـﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎ ي
عﺎﺒـﺷا
ﺖﺷادﺮﺑزاﺲﭘكﺎﺧ ﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺷ . ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛﻦـﻳا زا 3 / 2 ، 4 / 2 و 4 / 2 ﻲﺳد ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗردﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز
ﻪﺑهﺪﺸﻧ 8 / 1 ، 5 / 1 و 1 رﺎـﻤﻴﺗردﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ ﻮﺑ د ) هداد
هﺪﺸﻧشراﺰﮔﺎﻫ ﺪﻧا .( نآزا ﺎـﺟ ﻳ ﻲ ﺎﻳﻮﺳﻪﻛ
رﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ ي ﻲﻄـﺳﻮﺘﻣﺖـﻣوﺎﻘﻣ دراد ) ﺪـﺣ يرﻮﺷﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ = 5 ﻲـﺳد
ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨـﻤﻳز (
دﺮﺑرﺎـﻛاﺬـﻟ،
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗﺎﻬﻨﺗﻪﻧهﺪﺸﻧ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآوهﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﻲﻟآيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻲﺋﻮﺳ نآ
،داﺪـﻧنﺎـﺸﻧيرﻮـﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﻄﺳاﻮﺑ
ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﺚــﻋﺎﺑيوﺎــﮔدﻮــﻛوﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎــﻛﻪــﻜﻠﺑ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ،
ـﺑيوﺎـﮔدﻮﻛﺪﺻردﻚﻳوﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺪﺻردودفﺮﺼﻣ ﻪ
ﺪــﻣآﺖــﺳد .
لدﺎــﻌﻣﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﻦــﻳا 51
و 54 ردﺪــﺻرد
دﻮﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷيﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺎﺑﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ )
لوﺪﺟ 5 .(
ﻢـﻗرﻦﻳارد ،
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋراد
، زا
16 / 2 ﻪـﺑهﺪـﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎـﻤﻴﺗردمﺮﮔ 51
/ 1 ردمﺮـﮔ
ـﺷﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗردناﺪﻠﮔ ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔهﺪ . ويدﺎـﺑآدﻮﻤﺤﻣ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) 1387 ( ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛفﺮـﺼﻣﻪـﻛﺪـﻧدادنﺎـﺸﻧ
ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑ ي ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﺎﻳﻮﺳ ، ﺑ ﻪ يرﻮﻃ ﻪـﻛ
دﺮﺑرﺎــﻛﺎــﺑﻪــﻧاددﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋراﺪــﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ 4 ﺪــﺻرد ـﺑ ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ ﻪ ﺪـﻣآﺖـﺳد ) 52 / 2
ناﺪـﻠﮔردمﺮـﮔ ( ﻪـﻛ لدﺎــﻌﻣﻲــﺸﻳاﺰﻓا 9 / 1 نﺎــﺸﻧارﺪﻫﺎــﺷﺮــﺑاﺮﺑ ﻲــﻣ
ﺪــﻫد .
رﺎﻜﻤﻫوﻲﻧﺎﻘﻫد نا
) 1384 ( يﺎـﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﻛﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاديﺮﺗﺮﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧﻲﻣاددﻮﻛفﺮﺼﻣ ،
ﻪﺑ فﺮـﺼﻣﺎـﺑﻪﻛيﻮﺤﻧ 30
ﻲـﻣاددﻮـﻛرﺎـﺘﻜﻫردﻦـﺗ ،
ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ )
04 / 10
رﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ (
ﺖـﺳدﻪـﺑ
هﺪﻣآ و
ﻟﺎﺣردﻦﻳا ﻲ
ﻪﻛﺖﺳا ﻞﻗاﺪﺣيارادﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ 82
/ 8
هدﻮـﺑرﺎـﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ ﺖـﺳا . وﻲﺗﺎـﻫ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) 2006 ( ﻲﻧاﻮـﻴﺣدﻮـﻛدﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﻪﻛﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ
ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ي
زاارﺎﻳﻮـﺳ 915
ﻪـﺑ 1905 ﺮـﺑمﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ
دادﺶﻳاﺰﻓارﺎﺘﻜﻫ .
ﻪﻧادداﺪﻌﺗﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛﺪﺻردوددﺮﺑرﺎﻛ
زا 7 / 12 ﻪـﺑﺪﻫﺎـﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗردﻪﻧاد 8
/ 18 ناﺪـﻠﮔردﻪـﻧاد
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ) لوﺪﺟ 5 .(
ﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ ﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑي
ﻲــﻨﻌﻣ ﻪــﻧادداﺪــﻌﺗراد ي
زاﺎﻳﻮــﺳ 9 / 20 رﺎــﻤﻴﺗردﻪــﻧاد
ﻪﺑهﺪﺸﻧ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ 2
/ 14 ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗردناﺪﻠﮔردﻪﻧاد
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔهﺪﺷ .
ﺚـﻋﺎﺑيﺪﻨﻔـﺳﻮﮔويوﺎـﮔدﻮـﻛ،ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ
ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔﺪﻫﺎﺷﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧﻪﻧادنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،
ﺪـﻨﭼﺮـﻫ
يوﺎﮔدﻮﻛرﺎﻤﻴﺗردﻲﺼﺨﺸﻣﺪﻧورﻪﻛ ،
ﺪﺸﻧهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
رد
نژوﺮـﺘﻴﻧﺖـﻈﻠﻏيوﺎـﮔدﻮﻛوﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺢﻄﺳﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻧاد ي ﺎﻳﻮﺳ 21 / 1 و 09 / 1
دﻮـﺑﺪﻫﺎـﺷﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ .
ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
ﻪﻧادنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ي
يزﺎـﻴﻧوﻲﻣﺮﻛارترذ ) 1384 ( دﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑ 25 ﻦﺗ هدﺎﻣ ي ﻲﻟآ
ﺪـﻧدروآﺖـﺳﺪﺑرﺎـﺘﻜﻫرد ،
دﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑﻪﻛ 15
ﻲﻨﻌﻣفﻼﺘﺧارﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ نﺎـﺸﻧيراد
داد . دﻮﻛ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ ﻪـﻧادنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ
زا 97 / 4 ﻪـﺑهﺪﺸﻧ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗردﺪﺻرد 61
/ 4 ﺪـﺻرد
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔهﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗرد )
لوﺪﺟ 5 .(
ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﺚــﻋﺎﺑيوﺎــﮔدﻮــﻛوﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎــﻛ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺪﺷﻪﻧادﺮﻔﺴﻓﺖﻈﻠﻏراد .
ﺮﻔـﺴﻓﺶﻳاﺰﻓاراﺪﻘﻣﺎﻣا
يﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑ ﻪﻧاد ،
ﻲـﻨﻌﻣيرﺎﻣآظﺎﺤﻟزا
راد
دﻮﺒﻧ . زاﻪـﻧادﺮﻔﺴﻓﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛﻲﺋﻮﺸﺑآ
71 / 12 ﻪﺑ 01 / 10 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ لدﺎـﻌﻣﺶﻫﺎـﻛﻦﻳاﻪﻛﺪﺷمﺮﮔ
27 هﺪـﺸﻧﻲﺋﻮﺸﺑآدﻮﻛرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺎﺑﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣردﺪﺻرد ﺖـﺳا ) لوﺪﺟ 5 .(
ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﺐﺒــﺳيوﺎــﮔدﻮــﻛوﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﺮﺑرﺎــﻛ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﻪﻧاديورﺖﻈﻠﻏراد ي
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﺎﻳﻮﺳ
رﻮـﻃﻪﺑ، ي ﻪـﻛ
ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺪﺻردودفﺮﺼﻣﺎﺑﻪﻧاديورﺖﻈﻠﻏﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
ﺑيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛو ﻪ
ﺪﻣآﺖﺳد .
ـﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﻦـﻳا ًﺎ لدﺎـﻌﻣ 3 / 1 و 2
دﻮﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺎﺑﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣردﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ،
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ
ﺎﻫﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ي ﻲﻠﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳا نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫو ) 2008 ( ﻲﻧاﻮـﺨﻤﻫ دراد . ﺶﻫﺎـﻛﺚـﻋﺎﺑيﺪﻨﻔـﺳﻮﮔويوﺎـﮔدﻮـﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣراد
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻪﻧاديورﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،
ﻪﺑ ﻪـﻛيرﻮﻃ
زايورﺖﻈﻠﻏ 45 و 2 / 58 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎـﻤﻴﺗردمﺮﮔ
ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑهﺪﺸﻧ 8 / 16 و 5 / 47 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ
هدﺎﻣ ي ﺖـﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎـﻛهﺪـﺷﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎـﻤﻴﺗردﻚـﺸﺧ
) لوﺪــﺟ 6 .( ﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻪــﻛﻲﻳﺎــﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗرديورراﺪــﻘﻣ
يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗزاﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﺪﻧدﻮﺑهدﺮﻛﺖﻓﺎﻳرد وﺎﺣ
ي دﻮﻛ يوﺎﮔ
ﻲﻣﺮﻣاﻦﻳاﻪﻛدﻮﺑيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔو ﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑراﺪـﻘﻣﻪـﺑﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ
يور دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻣﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛرد
ﺎﺑﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣرد يﺎﻫدﻮﻛ
دﻮـﺷهدادﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔويوﺎﮔ .
ﻮـﻟروويﻮﺘـﺳﻮﻣ
) 1995 ( دﻮﻛﻲﻧزوﺪﺻردوددﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑﻪﻛﺪﻧدﺮﻛشراﺰﮔ
هرﺎﺴﺧﺎﺷ يورﺖﻈﻠﻏﻲﻣاد 20 ﺎـﺗ 28 ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺪـﺻرد ﺖﺳاﻪﺘﺷاد . دﺮﺑرﺎــﻛ ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﺚــﻋﺎﺑيوﺎــﮔدﻮــﻛوﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺪﺷﻪﻧادﺲﻣﺖﻈﻠﻏراد ) لوﺪﺟ 6 ( رﻮـﻃﻪﺑ ي ﻪـﻛ
ﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺪـﺻردرﺎـﻬﭼدﺮﺑرﺎـﻛﺎﺑﺲﻣﺖﻈﻠﻏﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
) 48 / 28 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
هدﺎﻣمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ ي
ﻚـﺸﺧ ( رﺎـﻬﭼو
يوﺎﮔدﻮﻛﺪﺻرد ) 19 / 26 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
هدﺎـﻣمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ ي ﻚﺸﺧ ( ﺪﺷﻞﺻﺎﺣ ؛
ﻲﻨﻌﻣفﻼﺘﺧاﻪﻛﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ
ﻦﻴﺑيراد
ﺖـﻈﻠﻏﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣﺮـﺑهﺪﺷﺮﻛذيﺎﻫدﻮﻛحﻮﻄﺳﺮﻳﺎﺳﺮﺛا
ﺪﻳدﺮﮕﻧهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣﺲﻣ .
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘﻦﻳاراد ،
ﻪﺑ ﻪـﻛيرﻮـﻃ
زاﻪــﻧادﺲــﻣﺖــﻈﻠﻏ 61
/ 26 و 40 / 25 ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ ردمﺮــﮔ
ﻪـﺑﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ 97
/ 20 و 84 / 17
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
هدﺎﻣمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ ي
ﺧ ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎـﻤﻴﺗردﻚﺸ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻛ هﺪﺷ .
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ وﻦﻴﭽﻠﮔ )
1379 ( هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
ﻪﻧادردﺲﻣﺖﻈﻠﻏﻪﻛﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ي
زامﺪﻨﮔ 3 / 7 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ
ﻪﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗرد 7
/ 6 ﻲـﻠﻴﻣ ﺎـﺑﻪـﻧادمﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛردمﺮـﮔ
دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ 40 ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻛرﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻲﻧاﻮﻴﺣدﻮﻛﻦﺗ .
هدﺎﻣﻪﺳﺮﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ ي
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑﻲﻟآ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏراد
ﻣ ﺪــﺷﻪــﻧادﺰــﻨﮕﻨ )
لوﺪــﺟ 6 ( . ﺖــﻈﻠﻏﻦــﻳا دﺮﺑرﺎــﻛﺎــﺑ
زايﺪﻨﻔــﺳﻮﮔويوﺎــﮔدﻮــﻛ،ﺖــﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ 3
/ 55 ، 6 / 65 و
9 / 57 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻪـﺑﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑﺪﻫﺎﺷيﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗردمﺮﮔ 2
/ 92 ،
90 و 4 / 82 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ هدﺎﻣمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛردمﺮﮔ ي
ﻚﺸﺧ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
ﻪﻛﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳا
هﺪـﻨﻫدنﺎﺸﻧ ي
ـﻧاﺰﻴﻣ ﻲ لدﺎـﻌﻣ 66 ، 37 و
29 / 42
يﺎـﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗﻪـﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧﺪﺻرد
دﻮـﺑﺪﻫﺎـﺷ .
راﺪـﻘﻣ
ﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ
ﺖﺒـﺴﻧهﺪـﺷفﺮﺼﻣﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛرد
ﻲﻣيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔويوﺎﮔيﺎﻫدﻮﻛﻪﺑ
ﺮـﻣاﻦـﻳاﻞـﻴﻟدﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) لوﺪﺟ يﺎﻫ 2 ، 3 و 4 .( نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫولاﺮﺑﺎﻛ )
1998 (
ﺪﻧدادنﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ
فﺮﺼﻣﺎﺑ 25
ﺖـﻈﻠﻏﻲﻧاﻮـﻴﺣدﻮـﻛﻦـﺗ
ﺰــﻨﮕﻨﻣ ﻪــﻧاد ي زامﺪــﻨﮔ 26
ﻪــﺑ 5 / 18 ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ ردمﺮــﮔ
ﻪﻧادمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
ﺖـﺳاﻪـﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻛ .
نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوﻦﻴـﭽﻠﮔ
) 1379 ( دﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑ 40 يﻮﺿروهﺪﻴﺳﻮﭘﻲﻧاﻮﻴﺣدﻮﻛﻦﺗ ﻲﺳﻮﻃ
) 1380 ( دﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺎﺑ 30 رﺎـﺘﻜﻫردﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻦـﺗ
ﻪﻧادﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣردﻲﺘﻈﻠﻏتوﺎﻔﺗ ي
ﺪﻧدﺮﻜﻧهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣمﺪﻨﮔ .
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺚﻋﺎﺑيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛوﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛفﺮﺼﻣﻲﻠﻛرﻮﻃﻪﺑ
ـﺸﺑآوﺪـﻳدﺮﮔﻪـﻧادﺮﻔﺴﻓﺖﻈﻠﻏ دﻮـﻛوﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﻮ
دادﺶﻫﺎﻛارﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ .
ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآرﺎﻤﻴﺗﺮﺛا
داﺪﻧنﺎﺸﻧارﻲﺻﺎﺧﺪﻧورﻪﻧادﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺖﻈﻠﻏﺮﺑ .
زا
ﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺮﺜﻛاﺖﻈﻠﻏﻪﻛﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪـﻧاد
ي ﺎﻳﻮـﺳ ﺮـﺛاﺮـﺑ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓايﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔويوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ ،ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛندوﺰﻓا
ﻲﻣاﺬﻟﺖﺳا ارﺎﻬﻧآناﻮﺗ
ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣناﻮﻨﻋﻪﺑ ﻨﻣ
ياﺮـﺑﻲﺒـﺳﺎ
دﺮﻛﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣهﺎﻴﮔزﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ،
ﺎـﻣا ﺮـﺛا
ﺖﺷادﺮﻈﻧردﺪﻳﺎﺑﺰﻴﻧار ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﻦﻴﺑﺶﻨﻜﻤﻫﺮﺑ .
ﻪـﭼﺮﮔ
ﻦﻴﮕﻨـﺳتاﺰـﻠﻓزاﻲﻳﻻﺎـﺑًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧﺖﻈﻠﻏيارادﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
ﻴﻣدﺎﻛوبﺮﺳﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻮ
م ﺖﺳا دﻮﻛﻦﻳافﺮﺼﻣﺎﻣا ظﺎﺤﻟزا
ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﻦﻳاﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﻲﻠﻜـﺸﻣ
اﺮـﺑار ي هﺎـﻴﮔ
دﺮـﻜﻧدﺎـﺠﻳا .
ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻲﻣارﺮﻣا ﻦﻳا درﻮـﻣكﺎـﺧﻲﻳﺎﻴﻠﻗﺶﻨﻛاوﻪﺑناﻮﺗ
ﻢﻴـﺴﻠﻛتﺎـﻨﺑﺮﻜﻴﺑ دﺎﻳزراﺪﻘﻣوﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ نآ
دادﺖﺒـﺴﻧ .
ﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآﺮﺛاصﻮﺼﺧردﻲﻧاﺪﻨﭼتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﻪﻜﻨﻳاﻪﺑﺮﻈﻧ
ﻪـﻧاد تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﺮﺑﻲﻟآيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ ي
هﺪـﺸﻧمﺎـﺠﻧاﺎﻳﻮـﺳ
ﺖﺳا ،
ﻲﻣدﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ
وﻲﻳﻮـﺸﺑآﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄـﺳﺮـﺛادﻮﺷ
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧردﻲﻟآيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ ،
زايﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑمﺎـﻗراﺮـﺑ
دﺮﻴﮔراﺮﻗﻲﺑﺎﻳزراوﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣﺎﻳﻮﺳ .
لوﺪﺟ 5 . ﺎﺑﻲﻟآداﻮﻣﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ
ﻪﻧادﺮﻔﺴﻓونژوﺮﺘﻴﻧﺖﻈﻠﻏ،دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآنوﺪﺑو
ي ﺎﻳﻮﺳ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻧاد ﻪﻧادنژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻪﻧادﺮﻔﺴﻓ دﻮﻛعﻮﻧ
)
ناﺪﻠﮔردمﺮﮔ
( )
ﺪﺻرد
(
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
16 / 2 a 5a
25 / 12 a
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
51 / 1 b 79
/ 4 a 58
/ 12 a
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ
89 / 1 a 22
/ 5 a 63
/ 10 a
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ
75 / 1 a 27
/ 5 a 02
/ 11 a
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛ
27 / 2 a 97
/ 4 a 71
/ 12 a
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛ
25 / 2 a 61
/ 4 a 01
/ 10 b
هدﺎﻣﺮﻫياﺮﺑ ي
رﺮﻫﺎﻳونﻮﺘﺳﺮﻫردﻪﻛيداﺪﻋا،ﻲﻟآ
ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﻫكﺮﺘﺸﻣﻚﭼﻮﻛفﺮﺣﺎﻳگرﺰﺑفﺮﺣﻚﻳردﻒﻳد ،
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺪﺻردﺞﻨﭘﺢﻄﺳردﻦﻜﻧادنﻮﻣزآﻖﺒﻃ ﻲﻤﻧراد
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
.
لوﺪﺟ 6 . ﺎﺑﻲﻟآداﻮﻣﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآ
ﻪﻧادﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺖﻈﻠﻏﺮﺑﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآنوﺪﺑو
ي ﺎﻳﻮﺳ
يور ﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣ
ﺲﻣ بﺮﺳ
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ دﻮﻛعﻮﻧ
)
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑمﺮﮔ
(
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
43 / 77 a 13
/ 76 a 16
/ 26 a 25
/ 8 a 51
/ 0 a
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛ
60 / 74 a 40
/ 76 a 08
/ 26 a 46
/ 9 a 70
/ 0 a
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ
97 / 44 a 51
/ 75 a 61
/ 26 a
ND*
ND
هﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيوﺎﮔدﻮﻛ
77 / 16 b 79
/ 65 a 97
/ 20 b ND
ND
هﺪﺸﻧﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛ
15 / 58 a 86
/ 76 a 40
/ 25 a ND
ND
ﺪﺷﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآيﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔدﻮﻛ ه
53 / 47 b 18
/ 74 a 84
/ 18 b ND
ND
ND*
:
يﺮﻴﮔهزاﺪﻧاﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻴﻏ
هدﺎﻣﺮﻫياﺮﺑ ي
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫكﺮﺘﺸﻣﻚﭼﻮﻛفﺮﺣﺎﻳگرﺰﺑفﺮﺣﻚﻳردﻒﻳدرﺮﻫﺎﻳونﻮﺘﺳﺮﻫردﻪﻛيداﺪﻋا،ﻲﻟآ
، ﻖـﺒﻃ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣﺪﺻردﺞﻨﭘﺢﻄﺳردﻦﻜﻧادنﻮﻣزآ ﻲﻤﻧراد
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
.
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ف،ﻲﻧﺎﻘﻫد .
م،ﻲﻧﺎﻛدراﻦﺸﻠﮔ، .
ف،يدﺰﻳﻲﺋﻼﻋ، .
، 1384 . وكﺎﺧﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷصاﻮﺧﺮﺑﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣزاﻲﻟآداﻮﻣﺮﺛاﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
لﻮﺼﺤﻣدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ .
ﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ناﺮﻳاكﺎﺧمﻮﻠﻋهﺮﮕﻨﻛﻦﻴﻤﻬﻧتﻻﺎﻘﻣ .
ناﺮﻬﺗ . ﻪﺤﻔﺻ 179 -177 .
ﻟﻮﺳر ﻲ ف، . ، 1381 . ﺛﺄﺗ ﻴ ﻟآدﻮﻛﻪﺳﺮ ﻲ
ﻨﻏ ﻲ ﻧﺎﺑهﺪﺷ ﻴ ﻛﺮﺗوﺪﺷرﺮﺑنژوﺮﺘ ﻴ
ﺷﺐ ﻴ ﻤ ﻴﺎ ﻲﻳ ﻗﺎﺑتاﺮﺛاوﺞﻧﺮﺑ ﻴ
مﺪﻨﮔﺮﺑنآهﺪﻧﺎﻤ .
ﺎﭘﻳ ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛﻪﻣﺎﻧنﺎ ﻲ
ﺳﺎﻨﺸﻛﺎﺧﺶﺨﺑﺪﺷرا ﻲ
زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد، ي
ﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد، ﻴ
زاﺮ .
ﻮﺿر ي ﺳﻮﻃ ﻲ ا، . ، 1380 .
ﺷ،ﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﺶﻨﻜﻤﻫﺮﺑ ﻴ
ﻛﺮﺗوﺪﺷرﺮﺑﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣوﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻪﺑاﺮ ﻴ
ﺷﺐ ﻴ ﻤ ﻴﺎ ﻲﻳ ﺞﻧﺮﺑوجﺎﻨﻔﺳا .
ﺎﭘ ـﻳ نﺎ
ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻲ
ﺳﺎﻨﺸﻛﺎﺧهوﺮﮔﺪﺷرا ﻲ
زروﺎﺸﻛهﺪﻜﺸﻧاد، ي
ﺷهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد، ﻴ
زاﺮ .
ع،ﻲﻣﺮﻛ . يزﺎﻴﻧ، . ج . ، 1384 . هدﺎﻣﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣوﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ي
ﻪـﻧادترذدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋوكﺎﺧصاﻮﺧﺮﺑﻲﻟآ
يا . تﻻﺎـﻘﻣﻪـﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ
ناﺮﻳاكﺎﺧمﻮﻠﻋهﺮﮕﻨﻛﻦﻴﻤﻬﻧ .
ناﺮﻬﺗ . ﻪﺤﻔﺻ 327 -324 .
ا،ﻦﻴﭽﻠﮔ . م،ﻲﻠﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳا، .
م،ﻲﺗﻮﻜﻠﻣ، .
ج . ، 1379 . نﺎﺘﺳاردﻲﺑآمﺪﻨﮔﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛودﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﺲﻣوﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣ،ﻲﻟآداﻮﻣﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ يﺎﻫ
دﺮﺳ رﻮﺸﻛﺮﻴﺳ .
ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗتﻻﺎﻘﻣﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ي
مﺪﻨﮔلدﺎﻌﺘﻣ .
ﻪﺤﻔﺻ 287 -301 .
م،يدﺎﺑآدﻮﻤﺤﻣ .
ر .
ع،ﻲﻘﻧور، .
م،ﻮﺠﻣزرآ، .
1387 . ﺐـﻴﻛﺮﺗودﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮـﺑيﺮﻬـﺷﺪـﻳاوزﺖـﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛﻲﻳﻮﺸﺑآوحﻮﻄﺳﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
ﻪﻧادﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ي
ﺎﻳﻮﺳ )
Glycine max L.
.( ﺖﺴﻳزﻂﻴﺤﻣﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗهﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻤﻧوﺶﻳﺎﻤﻫﻦﻴﻣود .
هﺪﻜـﺸﻧاد
ﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﻳزﻂ . ناﺮﻬﺗهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد .
ﻮﺟﺮﻣ ي ع، . ، 1378 . ﻗﺎﺑﺮﺛا ﻴ هﺪﻧﺎﻤ ي
ﺮﻬﺷﺖﺳﻮﭙﻤﻛدﻮﻛ ي
ﻤﻛدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑ ﻲ
ﻛو ﻴﻔ ﻲ مﺪﻨﮔ .
ﻤﺸﺷتﻻﺎﻘﻣﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﻴ
هﺮـﮕﻨﻛﻦ
اكﺎﺧمﻮﻠﻋ ﻳ
ناﺮ . دﺮﻛﺮﻬﺷ . ﻪﺤﻔﺻ 480 -479 .
ﻲﻠﻗرﻮﻧ ف،رﻮﭘ .
ك،يزاوﺎﺧ، .
م،ﻲﺗﻮﻜﻠﻣ، .
ج . ، 1382 .
يﺮﺘﻛﺎـﺑ،دﺮﮔﻮـﮔهاﺮﻤﻫﻪﺑتﺎﻔﺴﻓﻲﻛﺎﺧدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ وسﻮﻠﻴـﺳﺎﺑﻮﻴﺗ
هدﺎﻣ ي ﺎﻳﻮﺳﻲﻔﻴﻛوﻲﻤﻛدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻲﻟآ .
ناﺮﻳاكﺎﺧمﻮﻠﻋهﺮﮕﻨﻛﻦﻴﻤﺘﺸﻫتﻻﺎﻘﻣﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ .
ﺖﺷر . ﻪﺤﻔﺻ 41 -28 .
Bevacqua, R.F., Mellano. V.J., 1994. Cumulative effects of sludge compost on crop yield and soil properties. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 25, 395-406.
Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soil. Agron. J. 54, 464-465.
Bremner, J.M. 1965. Total nitrogen. In: Black, C.A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, WI. pp. 1149-1178
Cabral, F., Vasconcelos, E., Cordovil, M.D.S., 1998. Effect of solid phase from pig slurry on iron, copper, zinc and manganese content of soil and wheat plants. J. Plant Nutr. 21, 1955-1966.
Epstein, E., Keane, D.B., Meisinger, J.J., Legg. J.O., 1978. Mineralization of nitrogen from sewage sludge and sludge compost.J. Environ. Qual. 7, 217-221.
Esmaeili, A., Mahmoodabadi, M.R., Karimian, N., Fotovat. A., 2008. Effect of manure and compost on growth and chemical composition com plant in two calcareous soils. 12th congress of Soil Science, Pakistan, October 20-23, 2008, Peshawar
Giusquiani, P.L., Pagliai, M., Gigliotti, G., Businelli, D., Benetti. A., 1995. Urban waste compost: Effects on physical, chemical and biochemical soil properties. J. Environ. Qual. 24, 175-182.
Hao, X., Chang. C., 2003. Does a long term heavy cattle manure application increase salinity of a clay loam soil in semiarid southern Alberta? Agric. Eco. Environ. 94, 89-103.
Hati, K.M., Mandal, K.G., Misra, A.K., Ghosh, P.K., Bandyopadhyay, K.K., 2006. Effect of inorganic fertilizer and farmyard manure on soil physical properties, root distribution, and water-use efficiency of soybean in Vertisols of central India. Bio. Tech. 97, 2182-2188.
Jackson, M.L. 1975. Soil chemical analysis. Advanced Course, Dept. Soil, College Agric., Univ. Wis., Madison, WI.
Khayyat, M., Tafazoli, E., Rajaee, S., Vazifeshenas, M., Mahmoodabadi, M.R., Sajjadinia, A., 2009. Effects of NaCl and supplementary potassium on gas exchange, ionic content, and growth of salt-stressed strawberry plants. J. Plant Nutr. 32, 1–12.
Knudsen, D., Peterson, G.A., Prat, P.F. 1982. Lithium, sodium and potassium. In: Page,
A.L. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part. II, 2nd ed., Monograph No. 9, Am. Soc.
Agron., Madison, WI. pp. 225-246
Leiwang, S.H., Lohr, V.I., Coffey, D.L., 1984. Growth response of selected vegetable crops to spents mushroom compost application in a controlled environment.Plant Soil. 82, 31-40.
Lindsay, W.L., Norvell. W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, 421-428.
Moustaoui, D., Verloo, M., 1995. The effect of manure application on the behaviour of iron, manganes and zinc in soil.Agrochimica. 39, 129-134.
Olsen, S.R.C., Cole, V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate, USDA. Cir. 939. US Govern. Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Ouédraogo, E., Mando, A., Zombré, N.P., 2001. Use of compost to improve soil properties and crop productivity under low input agricultural system in west Africa. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 84, 259–266.
Petruzzelli, G., 1996. Heavy metals in compost and their effect on soil quality.In: De Bertoldi, M., Sequi, P., Lemmes, B. Papi, T. (Eds.), The Composting Science, Part I. Blackie Academic and Professional Editor, Glasgow, UK. pp. 212–223.
Pratt, P.F., 1984. Salinity, sodium and potassium in an irrigated soil treated with bovine manure.Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 48: 823-828.
Rhoades, J.D., Kandiah, A., Mashali, M., 1992. The use of saline waters for crop production. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No: 48, Rome, Italy.
Sanchez-Monedero. M.A., Roig, A., Paredes, C., Bernal, M.P., 2001. Nitrogen transformation during organic waste composting by the rutgers system and its effects on pH, EC and maturity of the composting mixtures.Bio. Tech. 78, 301-308.
Corresponding Author: Mohammad Reza Mahmoodabadi, Tell: 09153635067, E-mail: razereza2002@gmail.com
Environmental Stresses in Agricultural Sciences
(ESAS) Vol. 1(1): 47-56
Greenhouse assessment of organic manure leaching on soil salinity level and
seed properties of soybean plant
M. R. Mahmoodabadi1*, A.M. Ronaghi2, N. Karimian2, Y. Emam4
1. Former M.Sc. student of Soil Science, Agricultural College, Shiraz University 2. Faculty members, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural College, Shiraz University 3. A faculty member, Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, Shiraz
University
Abstract
Soil organic matter content is low in most cultivated soils in Iran but the addition of
organic wastes may improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties. One of the
problems caused by using manure and compost is the high salinity and its effects on plant
growth. The purpose of the present experiment was to study the effects of manure
leaching on soybean (Glycine max L. var. Williams) seed properties. Treatments
consisted of a factorial arrangement of three organic wastes (Esfahan's municipal
compost, cow and sheep manures) in four levels (0, 1, 2 and 4 % on dry weight basis) and
two leaching levels (leached or not leached) in a completely randomized design with
three replicates. The findings of the paper show that compost and cow manure increased
most of the nutrient concentrations in soybean seeds. But adding sheep manure just
increased nitrogen and Mn concentration significantly. Application of cow manure
increased seed number by 49%. Application of compost and cow manure increased seed
yield by 51 and 54%, respectively. Leaching of compost and sheep manure reduced seed
yield. The effect of leaching on the seed nutrients concentration was not consistent. It can
be concluded that better results can obtain with fewer leaching ratios.
Keywords: compost, cow manure, sheep manure, leaching, soybean seed.
