2nd Annex
Exhibit 1- Top 10 Chains: pipeline vs Existing Hotels in Africa.
Source: W Hospitality group. 2016. “Hotel Chains Development Pipeline 2016”. http://w-hospitalitygroup.com/category/reports/ (accessed November 27, 2016)
Exhibit 2- Political-military crisis summarized
The main conflict in scene involves the two most powerful parties of Mozambique: Frelimo- which is in power since 1975, and Renamo. Most recently in 2015, in a tentative to gain power, Renamo disregarded the previously signed peace agreements and conducted several violent attacks, mainly on central provinces. The escalation of violence was such that the United States Department of State had to intervene in order to encourage both parties to reach a lasting peaceful solution, to not jeopardize Mozambique’s future, in terms of opportunities, growth and investment. Thus, under this international influence, the two parties are negotiating to share the power at a regional level.
Sources: Wikipedia. 2016.
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resist%C3%AAncia_Nacional_Mo%C3%A7ambicana (accessed October 16, 2016); United States Department of Sate.
Exhibit 3- Indicators that illustrate the level of corruption in the country
The main conclusion is that illegal diversion of public funds is very common, as well as irregular payments and bribes. Also, public trust in politicians is not very high; yet, the country is not in such a bad position considering the other (138) economies.
Source: World Economic Forum. 2016. “Global Competitiveness Index: 2016-2017 edition” http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-index/country-profiles/#economy=MOZ (accessed October15, 2016)
Indicator Indicator Description Mozambique’s Rank (out of 138 economies)
Mozambique’s
Score (in a scale from1 to 7) Diversion
of Public Funds
Executive Opinion on the question: In your country, how common is illegal diversion of public funds to companies, individuals or groups? [Scale: 1= very commonly occurs; 7 = never occurs]
124 2.4
Public trust in
politicians
Executive Opinion on the question: In your country, how do you rate the ethical standards of politicians?
[Scale: 1 = extremely low; 7 = extremely high] | 2015–16 weighted average
93 2.6
Irregular Payments and Bribes
Average score across the five components of the following Executive Opinion Survey question: In your country, how common is it for firms to make undocumented extra payments or bribes connected with (a) imports and exports; (b) public utilities; (c) annual tax payments; (d) awarding of public contracts and licenses; (e) obtaining
favourable judicial decisions? In each case, the answer ranges in a scale from 1 [very common] to 7 [never occurs] | 2015–16 Weighted average
Exhibit 4- Increase in the exchange rate (MZN/ USD), over the years. Since 2010 the average was around 30, but in 2015 it increased to 40.
Source: Trading economics. 2016. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/mozambique/currency (accessed October 18, 2016)
Exhibit 5: Evolution of Trade balance values as a % of GDP. The negative tendency (registered since 2010) of the trade balance’s values, also, means a declining tendency of GDP.
Source: Euromonitor International from national statistics/OECD/International Monetary Fund (IMF), International Financial Statistics (IFS). 2016
Exhibit 6: FDI evolution. Although between 2010 and 2013, FDI increased, in 2014 and 2015 it declined, illustrating a decrease in the attractiveness of the Mozambican economy.
Source: Euromonitor International from UNCTAD. 2016. 0,0
10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
-60,00 -50,00 -40,00 -30,00 -20,00 -10,00 0,00
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0,00 50 000,00 100 000,00 150 000,00 200 000,00
Exhibit 7: GDP (% change) - This graph shows a decline in GDP growth, until 2016. Yet, previsions calculated for 2016 onwards reflect an increase in this economic indicator.
Source: IMF. 2016. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx (accessed November 28,2016)
Exhibit 8: Investment (as a GDP %) evolution – From 2014 to 2016 it is visible a decrease in GDP, caused by the economy’s adverse conditions. Forecasts for 2016 onwards are more satisfactory, registering an increase in investment from 40% to 80%, up to 2018.
Source: IMF. 2016. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx (accessed November 28,2016)
Exhibit 9- Characteristics of Maputo Districts
Source: Barros, Carlos, Andes Chivangue, Antonio Samagaio. 2014 “Cities”. “Elsevier”, 36: 76-81
Source: Barros, Carlos, Andes Chivangue, Antonio Samagaio. 2014. “Cities”. Elsevier, 36: 76-81
0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0
Exhibit 10: Area occupied by the port
Source: Safiri. 2016. http://www.safiri.co.za/mpfdb/maritime-port-of-maputo.html (accessed November 7, 2016)
Exhibit 11- Additional examples of companies in Matola: the majority are industries.
Source: adapted from Googlemaps.com (accessed November 26, 2016)
D1 D2
D5
STEMA
Grupo Lalgy
GINAV
ECV
Powervia Moçambique
Ferneto
Formwork Scaffolding Engineering Ltd
Meadow Feed Mill
Kwality Pharmacuticals Africa Lda
Riz industria Lda (Maise Mill)
Mota- Engil estaleiro central
Dash Energy Mozambique
EMA
Aquarel ltda
Pembe Milling
Cartrack
Ellies
Exhibit 12- The new bridge, connecting the city centre to Catembe
Source: Betar. 2016. “The new Katembe”.
http://www.betar.pt/upload/pdf/pdf_1383128883.pdf (accessed November 19, 2016)
Exhibit 13- Hotel concentration per area
Matola is on the right side of the picture; the city centre is on the left; Catembe is in the south margin of Maputo Bay.
Exhibit 14- Examples of guest’s evaluation of hotels, given the distance to the city centre and motive of travel.
Leisure guests comments of an hotel in the city centre: “…good enough location”; “…had a nice corner location in the centre of town”; “… good location”; “…good location, just one block from one of the main roads”; “As a first time visiting Maputo, I enjoyed the location which has many points of interest within a walking distance or a short cab ride away.”- In the overall they appreciate the central location
Leisure guests comments of an hotel far from the city centre ( Matola): “The hotel is far away from everything”; “The location isn't perfect. The neighborhood doesn't have a lot of attractions for Western visitors…, and I thought it was quite hard to find.” In the overall they dislike the distance from the city center.
Business guests comments of an hotel far from the city centre ( Matola): “The real good thing is that is out of the chaotic traffic of the city.”; “Would recommend … as it is close to amenities and with a few Km of the city.”; “is very well located”. Although far from the city center, they appreciate the location.
Source: Trip Advisor. 2016. Tripadvisor.com (accessed December 15, 2016)
Exhibit 15- Names of 4 and 3 stars hotels in Maputo (District 1)
4* 3*
Montebelo Girassol Hotel Africa Maputo Business
Hotel Maputo Maputo AFECC Gloria Hotel
Villa das Mangas Garden Hotel Hotel Monte Carlo
Hotel Cardoso Hotel Turismo
Pestana Rovuna Hotel Tivoli Maputo
Montebelo Indy Maputo Congress Hotel Villa das Arábias Boutique Hotel Southern Sun Maputo Hotel Terminus
Exhibit 16- Analysis of the differences between 3 and 4 star hotel in Mozambique
The following analysis will be focused on the differences between 3 and 4 stars hotels, once there are some important aspects present in the upper category that are not present in the lower one.
The main difference is seen, first, in the security level. 3 stars hotels does not have to possess internal TV circuit or similar security equipment; control of the flow of vehicles in the
establishment; and qualified security services. Plus, regarding food security, 3 stars hotels does not assure a periodic control of the food served in the establishment.
A second inequality observed is in the availability of staff/ services. This is illustrated through the fact that the lower category does not have 24 hour reception and room service, and laundry service done in the proper day.
Another matter is the number of areas provided by the hotels: corporate guests need an easy access to additional facilities besides a room, in their daily life. The upper category has more areas available. Regarding the social areas, 4 star hotels should have a barber/ hairdresser and small shops (e.g. tobacco shop). In terms of restaurants, they must have one of international category (and the chef must be qualified to perform his job). Plus this category has leisure areas, such as, fitness facilities and a pool, and has more complete business facilities.
Moreover there are other features that are present in 4 star hotels and not in the category below, but that represent smaller details. For instance, the higher quality of restaurant equipment, special illumination that valorizes the building’s façade, excellent appearance/conservation, full body mirror, safes and hair dryers in 100 % of the rooms, quality of the towels, amongst others. Regarding the requisites of the rooms, the differences are minimums. First, from one category to the other, rooms’ squared meters increase 1 unit. Plus, 3 stars hotels are not obliged to have baths in bathrooms, and suites or superior rooms.
Source: Decree Nº97/2013: Regulation of touristic undertakings, restaurants and beverages, and dance halls.
Function Nº of employees Range of prices per employee
Housekeeper 10 144€
Reception 6 260€-378€
Bell boy 6 144€
Night auditor 1 288€
Chef (Kitchen) 1 504€
Kitchen 8 144€-252€
Steward 4 144€
Head waitress
1 198€
Waitress/bar 12 144€-198€
Maintenance 6 198€
Groups/ Events/ Customer Care 2 198€
Accountant 2 504€
HR Responsible 1 504€
IT Technician 1 504€
Sales & Marketing Director 1 2.412€
Revenue Manager 1 567€
Stewardship 1 223€
General Manager 1 10.000€
Maintenance Manager 1 567€
F&B Manager 1 2.412€
Front Office 1 567€
Housekeeper Manager 1 223€
Source: Pedro Valle, Miguel dos Santos and Blue Shift. 2016
