Th e species of th e fam ily Rh yn ch ocin etidae are ch arac-terized by h avin g a m ovable rostru m , by fin e tran sverse striae on th e su rface of th e carapace an d abdom in al som ites, by h avin g th e first two pairs of pereiopods m ore robu st th an th e oth -ers, th e fin gers of th e ch elipeds with lon g lateral an d term in al spin es, an d th e secon d pereiopods with carpu s en tire, n ot su b-divided (OKUNO 1996).
Th e gen us Rhynchocinetes, as presen tly recogn ized, can be divided in to two n atural groups, as suggested by GORDON (1936) in h is revision of th e gen us. Accordin g to HOLTHUIS (1995), th e n um erous species described after th e work of Gordon h ave on ly con firm ed th e differen ces between th ese two groups, wh ich could be establish ed as subgen era: Rhynchocinetes H. Miln e Edwards, 1837 s.str. (wh erein Rhynchocinetestypus H. Miln e Edwards, 1837 was in clu d ed ) an d Cinetorhynchus Holth u is, 1995 (to wh ich Rhynchocinetesrigens Gordon , 1936 was assign ed). OKUNO (1997) elevated th ese two subgen era to gen us ran k, as th ey are pres-en tly treated.
GO M ES-CO RRÊA (1971) sign aled t h e first o ccu rren ce o f Rhynchocinetesrigens on th e Brazilian coast, with m aterial (th ree ovigerou s fem ales) collected in Tam an daré Bay, Pern am bu co.
Th is species was previou sly kn own from Florida, th e Bah am as, an d th e Berm u da Islan ds in th e Western Atlan tic, an d th e Ma-deira Islan d an d th e Azores in th e Eastern Atlan tic.
Du rin g an exam in ation of th e carcin ological collection of th e Mu seu de Zoologia da Un iversidade de São Pau lo, on e specim en (MZUSP 10913) was fou n d of Rhynchocinetestypus, origin atin g from Ubatu ba on th e n orth ern coast of São Pau lo. Up to n ow, th e kn own distribu tion of th is species was lim ited to th e Eastern Pacific (Ch ile, Peru an d Ecu ador).
Rhynchocinetidae Ortmann, 1890
Rh yn ch ocin etid ae Ortm an n , 1890: 459; Stebbin g, 1917: 26; Gordon , 1936: 75; Bu rken road, 1939: 310; Barn ard, 1950: 762; Holth u is, 1955: 40; 1980: 79; Miran da & Kon g U., 1970: 42; Fon seca, 1970: 19; Men dez, 1981: 69; Bru ce, 1984: 209; Retam al, 1994: 25; Hen drickx, 1995: 424; Oku n o, 1996: 325; 1997: 43; Ram os-Porto & Coelh o, 1998: 328; Udekem d’Ácoz, 1999: 92.
Rh yn cocin etidae Sh arp, 1893: 118. Rh yn ch ocyn etidae Borradaile, 1907: 467. Ryn ch ocin etidae Gu rn ey, 1939: 72
(Cr
(Cr
(Cr
(Cr
(Crustacea,
ustacea,
ustacea,
ustacea, Deca
ustacea,
Deca
Deca
Deca
Decapoda,
poda,
poda,
poda, Car
poda,
Car
Car
Car
Caridea) on the Br
idea) on the Br
idea) on the Br
idea) on the Brazilian coast
idea) on the Br
azilian coast
azilian coast
azilian coast
azilian coast
Gustavo A. S. de M elo
M useu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Caixa Postal 42594, 04299-970 São Paulo, Brasil. Bolsista do CNPq. E-mail: gasmelo@usp.br
ABSTRACT. The family Rhynchocinetidae Ortmann, 1890, presently in the superfamily Nematocarcinoidea Smith, 1884 and the genus Rhynchocinetes H. Milne Edwards, 1837, has always had a complex and controversial classification. Until recently, the only species known from the Brazilian coast was Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936, which was transferred to the genus Cinetorhynchus. Rhynchocinetes typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837, the type-species of the genus, was known only from the eastern Pacific; but in the carcinological collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, a specimen of this species collected at Ubatuba, São Paulo was found; this is the first record of this species for the Brazilian coast. These two species are redescribed and illustrated. KEY WORDS. Brazilian waters; Cinetorhynchus; redescriptions; Rhynchocinetes.
RESUMO. AAAAA fffffamíliaamíliaamíliaamíliaamília RhRhynchocinetidaeRhRhRhynchocinetidaeynchocinetidaeynchocinetidaeynchocinetidae OrtmannOrtmann (CrOrtmannOrtmannOrtmann (Cr(Cr(Cr(Crustaceaustaceaustaceaustaceaustacea, DecaDecaDecaDecaDecapodapodapoda, Carpodapoda CarCarCarCaridea)idea)idea)idea)idea) nononono litorno litorlitorlitorlitoralal bralalal brbrbrbrasileirasileirasileirasileiro.asileiro.o.o.o. A família Rhynchocinetidae Ortmann, 1890, atualmente na superfamília Nematocarcinoidea Smith, 1884 e o gêne-ro Rhynchocinetes H. Milne Edwards, 1837, sempre tiveram uma discutida e complexa classificação. Até recentemen-te, no litoral brasileiro, a única espécie conhecida era Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936, que foi transferida para o gênero Cinetorhynchus. A espécie Rhynchocinetes typus, espécie-tipo do gênero, só era conhecida do Pacífico orien-tal, mas na coleção carcinológica do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, foi encontrado um exemplar desta espécie coletado em Ubatuba, São Paulo, que é o primeiro registro desta espécie para o litoral brasileiro. As duas espécies da família são redescritas e ilustradas.
Key to genera and species of Rhynchocinetidae in Brazil
1. Two d o rsal t eet h o n carap ace b eh in d b ase o f ro st ru m . Po st o rb it al sp in e p resen t , rarely red u ced t o a t u b ercle. Su borbital an gle d istin ct, located above an ten n al sp in e. Posterior m argin of abd om in al som ites 4 an d 5 with ou t spin e above base of pleu ra. Rostru m articu lation com plete ... Rhynchocinetestypus 1’. Th ree d orsal teeth on carap ace beh in d base of rostru m . Postorbital spin e absen t. Su borbital an gle con tin u ou s with an ten n al spin e. Posterior m argin of som ites 4 an d/ or 5 with distin ct spin e. Rostru m articu lation som etim es in com plete ... Cinetorhynchusrigens
Cinetorhynchus
rigens
(Gordon, 1936)
Figs 1-10
Rh y n ch oci n et es ri gen s G o r d o n , 1 9 3 6 : 7 5 ; t e x t -fig . 1 -7 ; Bu rken road, 1939: 311; Gu rn ey, 1940: 113, text-fig. 8-10; Figu eira, 1960: 1; Man n in g, 1961: 1, figs 1-2; Gom es-Corrêa, 1971: 105, fig. 1-10; Ch ace, 1972: 17; Coelh o & Ram os, 1972: 144; Ram os-Porto & Coelh o, 1998: 328.
Rhynchocinetes(Cinetorhynchus)rigens; Holth u is, 1955: 145. Cinetorhynchusrigens; Oku n o, 1997: 33; Udekem d’Acoz, 1999:
92.
Descrip tion : rostru m lon g, cu rved u p ward s, exten d in g far beyon d scaph ocerite; dorsal face with abou t five teeth , th ree proxim al teeth larger an d m ore spaced, an d two distal teeth sm aller an d closer togeth er; ven tral face with n in e teeth , th ree p roxim al teeth m ore d evelop ed an d cu rved , an d rem ain in g teeth m u ch sm aller an d m ore spaced; a lon gitu din al crest on each lateral face of rostru m ; articu lation of rostru m with cara-pace in com plete, allowin g on ly vertical m ovem en t. Caracara-pace with in con spicu ou s vertical striae an d with th ree stou t teeth in fron t of articu lation with rostru m , first two teeth closer to-geth er; su pra-orbital spin e absen t. Scaph ocerite n arrowin g dis-tally an d with stou t teeth on ou ter m argin , wh ich exten ds past extrem ity of lam in a. An ten n al sp in e con tin u ou s with lower ed ge of orbit; p terogostom ial an gle rou n d ed . Eyes large an d rou n ded, corn ea m u ch wider th an pedu n cle. Th ird m axillipeds n early reach in g extrem ity of scaph ocerite. Ch elipeds reach in g extrem ity of an ten n al pedu n cle, m eru s with sm all distal lobe; carpu s m ore th an h alf len gth of palm , an d palm th ree tim es len gth of fin gers; dactylu s an d fixed fin ger term in atin g in sev-eral corn eou s spin es. Am bu latory legs m ore slen der th an ch e-lipeds, an d all reach in g or exceedin g basal article of an ten n a; m eru s with 4-7 m ovable spin es, carpu s gen erally with on e spin e an d isch iu m with two spin es. Abdom en also with fin e striae eq u al to th ose of carap ace; p leu ra of first an d th ird som ites with obliqu e groove; first som ite with rou n ded pleu ra an d th ird som ite term in atin g in poin t; fourth an d fifth som ites with sm all tooth on each side. Telson lon g, term in atin g in acu te p oin t an d with th ree p airs of term in al sp in es: ou ter lateral sp in es dim in u tive, in n er lateral spin es lon gest, an d m esial spin es lon g
bu t sm aller th an an terior spin es; dorsal face of telson with th ree pairs of spin es: first pair located at level of m id-telson , secon d an d th ird pairs on distal th ird.
Geograph ical distribution : Western Atlan tic – Berm uda Is-lan ds, Florida, Bah am as, Virgin IsIs-lan ds an d Brazil (Pern am buco an d Espírito San to). Eastern Atlan tic – Madeira Islan d, Azores.
Material exam in ed: BRASIL, Pernam buco: Tam an daré Bay, Mu n icipality of Rio Form oso, S. Ypiran ga Pin to coll., Febru ary 1967, th ree ovigerou s fem ales (MNRJ- 2284). Espírito Santo: Ilh a dos Fran ceses, Marataizes, Gasparin i & Floeter coll., 12.III.1997, on e ovigerou s fem ale (MZUSP- 12920).
Rem arks: th e m aterial exam in ed , in gen eral, con cord s with th e descrip tion of th e typ e-m aterial by GORDON (1936), bu t som e differen ces were n oted. Th e type-specim en h as a ros-tru m with eigh t teeth on th e lower face, wh ereas th e Brazilian specim en s h ave n in e teeth ; an d th e articu lation of th e rostru m of th e h olotype n early reach es th e lon gitu din al crest, wh ich is n ot th e case with th e specim en s exam in ed, in wh ich th e ar-ticu lation is m u ch sh orter. Accordin g to MANNING (1961), th e rostral articu lation is n ot visible in specim en s less th an 6.0 m m in carapace len gth . In large specim en s, th e rostru m is sh orter in th e fem ales th an in th e m ales. In th e specim en s from Espírito San to, th e basal segm en t of th e scaph ocerite bears two stron g spin es, wh ich are n ot m en tion ed in th e works of GORDON (1936) an d GO MES-CO RRÊA (1971). Th e occu rren ce of Cin etorh yn ch us rigens in Esp írito San to rep resen ts th e sou th ern m ost lim it of th e species in th e Sou th Atlan tic.
Rhynchocinetes
typus
H. Milne Edwards, 1837
Figs 11-20Rhynchocinetestypus H. Miln e Edwards, 1837a: 383; 1837b: 168; H. Miln e Edwards & Lucas, 1843: 36; Wh ite, 1847: 130; Nicolet, 1849: 246; Gibbes, 1850: 197; Heller, 1865: 120; Cun n in gh am , 1871: 497; Miers, 1876: 77; Filh ol, 1885: 52; 1886: 430; Ortm an n , 1890: 507; Sh arp , 1893: 118; Len z, 1902: 734; McCulloch , 1909: 312; Rath bun , 1910: 562; Stebbin g, 1920: 27; Kem p, 1925: 264; Gordon , 1936: 83; Holth uis, 1947: 78; Retam al, 1981: 14; Correa, Baeza, Hin ojosa & Th iel, 2003: 33. Rhynchocinetestypicus; Dan a, 1852: 568; 1855: 12; Porter, 1940a:
147; 1940b: 313; 1941: 460.
bor-Figures 1-10. Cinetorhynchusrigens, Ilha dos Franceses, Espírito Santo, ovigerous female, M ZUSP 12920: (1) lateral view; (2) carapace, dorsal view; (3) telson and uropods, dorsal view; (4) rostrum, lateral view; (5) left cheliped, mesial view; (6) right cheliped, mesial view: (7) second pereopod, lateral view; (8) third pereopod, lateral view; (9) fourth pereopod, lateral view; (10) fifth pereopod, lateral view. Scale bars: (1-2) 8 mm; (3) 10mm; (4) 7 mm; (5-10) 6 mm.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Figures 11-20. Rhynchocinetestypus, Ubatuba, São Paulo, female, M ZUSP 10913: (11) lateral view; (12) carapace, dorsal view; (13) rostrum, lateral view; (14) telson and uropods, dorsal view; (15) left cheliped, mesial view; (16) right cheliped, mesial view; (17) second pereopod, lateral view; (18) third pereopod, lateral view; (19) forth pereopod, lateral view; (20) fifth pereopod, lateral view. Scale bars: (11) 16 mm; (12) 8 mm; (13, 15, 16) 7 mm; (14, 17-20) 5 mm.
der of orbit. Eyes large an d roun ded, corn ea m uch wider th an pedun cle. Th ird m axillipeds reach in g past scaph ocerites. Ch eli-peds n ot reach in g extrem ity of an ten n al pedun cle, with m erus lon ger th an carpus an d with stron g distal spin e; m erus an d car-pus with dorsal m argin den tate: palm double th e width of th e
fin gers, wh ich possess a corn eal poin t an d th e h iatus between th em covered by tufts of setae. First am bulatory leg m ore slen -der th an th e oth ers an d with un arm ed segm en ts. Secon d am bu-latory leg with m erus with four ven tral teeth , th e distal tooth larger; carpus h alf of m erus an d with two ven tral teeth ; propodus
11
13
14
15
16
12
17
18
19
with lin e of sm all spin es on ven tral face, wh ich in crease in size distally; dactylus sh ort. Th ird leg equal to secon d, but with bi-furcate dactylus. Fourth am bulatory leg sm aller th an th e oth ers, with a sin gle ven tral subterm in al spin e on m erus, an d dactylus bifurcate. Abdom en sm ooth , with out spin es; pleura of first som ite som ewh at roun ded, of secon d som ite stron gly roun ded; som ites 35 with pleura som ewh at acute; th ird som ite h igh er th an oth ers, form in g a h um p, after wh ich th e abdom en curves down -wards; sixth som ite double th e fifth . Telson lon g, term in atin g in acute poin t an d with th ree pairs of term in al spin es: outer lateral spin es dim in utive, in n er lateral spin es lon gest, an d m esial spin es lon g but sm aller th an an terior spin es; dorsal face of telson also with th ree pairs of spin es: on e pair on an terior h alf an d two pairs on posterior h alf. Exopods of uropods with stron g subdistal spin e an d en dopods ovate, with tufts of setae alon g th eir en tire len gth .
G eo gra p h ica l d ist rib u t io n : Ea st ern Pa cific – C h ile (Iqu iqu e, Cavan ch a, An tofagasta, Caldera, Coqu im bo, Viñ a del M a r a n d Va lp a r a íso ), Pe r u (Lo b o s d e Afu e r a ), Ecu a d o r (Galápagos). Western Atlan tic – Brazil (Ubatu ba, São Pau lo).
Material exam in ed: BRAZIL, São Paulo: Ubatuba, H.R. Costa, coll., 12.IV.1965, 13 m , 1 ovigerou s fem ale (MZUSP-10913). Ch ile, Viñ a del Mar, Gom es-Corrêa coll., 28.I.1988, 4 fem ales (MNRJ-2701).
Rem arks: HOLTHUIS (1951: 67) explain ed th at in th e cou rse of h is revision of th e sp ecies of Rhynchocinetes, GORDON (1936) fou n d th at m an y specim en s of R. typus from localities oth er th an Ch ile belon ged to oth er species; an d th at th e type-local-ity of R. typus, in dicated by H. Miln e Edwards as th e In dian Ocean , was erron eou sly labeled . In reality, th is sp ecies was kn own on ly from Ch ile, Peru an d Ecu ador (Galapagos).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Th e auth or is grateful to Cristian a Serejo (Museu Nacion al do Rio de Jan eiro) for m akin g avaliable th e m aterial from th eir in stitu tion , an d Jaim e Roberto Som era for preparin g drawin gs. Th e au th or also th an k to CNPq (Nation al Cou n cil for th e De-velopm en t of Scien ce an d Tech n ology) for su pportin g stu dies on th e system atics of decapod cru stacean s in th e form of on -goin g gran t (2004-304273-0).
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