H{bxubjdbxag
H{bxubjdbxag
f xvjx Bdl`vídhbjx dj
f xvjx Bdl`vídhbjx dj
Xghbfejef, Fhgdgabj f _g`áubhj$
Xghbfejef, Fhgdgabj f _g`áubhj$
L`ê|bj _bdcfb{g
L`ê|bj _bdcfb{g
D½ :? Xf{bf= 8 ½ N D½ :? Xf{bf= 8 ½ NF$F$ Ega _fe{g B
F$F$ Ega _fe{g B
;??2
;??2
H{bxubjdbxag
H{bxubjdbxag
f j [flg{aj [f`bibgxj$
Bdu{gevéèg
Bdu{gevéèg
J [f`bibèg â j ljhv`ejef gv g
J [f`bibèg â j ljhv`ejef gv g xfdubafdug zvfxfdubafdug zvf dgx `f|j j h{f{ dj fsbxuídhbj ef va Fduf dgx `f|j j h{f{ dj fsbxuídhbj ef va Fduf Xvp{fag$ Xvp{fag$ J {f`bibèg glf{fhf, dj xvj g{bifa f fd|g`|f{, g J {f`bibèg glf{fhf, dj xvj g{bifa f fd|g`|f{, g evp`g jxpfhug ef vaj fsp`bhjéèg eg lfdõafdgx evp`g jxpfhug ef vaj fsp`bhjéèg eg lfdõafdgx ej djuv{f}j f ej
ej djuv{f}j f ej |bej cvajdj, jp{fxfdujdeg,|bej cvajdj, jp{fxfdujdeg, jxxba g pjpf` ef pf{hvxxg{j ej hbídhbj f ef va jxxba g pjpf` ef pf{hvxxg{j ej hbídhbj f ef va xbxufaj dg{ajub|g ef hgdevujx eg
xbxufaj dg{ajub|g ef hgdevujx eg bdeb|áevg$bdeb|áevg$ Jpøx [f|g`véèg [f`bibgxj, g H{bxubjdbxag xf Jpøx [f|g`véèg [f`bibgxj, g H{bxubjdbxag xf eb|bebv fa p{gufxujduf f hjuø`bhj$
eb|bebv fa p{gufxujduf f hjuø`bhj$
Juvj`afduf, fsbxufa i{vpgx ef pfxxgjx zvf j Juvj`afduf, fsbxufa i{vpgx ef pfxxgjx zvf j `f|j fsu{fajafduf j xâ{bg f gvu{gx zvf j vub`b}j `f|j fsu{fajafduf j xâ{bg f gvu{gx zvf j vub`b}j pj{j gvu{gx lbdx$
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
J [flg{aj [f`bibgxj lgb va ag|bafdug zvf , dg J [flg{aj [f`bibgxj lgb va ag|bafdug zvf , dg bdáhbg ej Âpghj Agef{dj, p{g|ghgv u{íx i{jdefx bdáhbg ej Âpghj Agef{dj, p{g|ghgv u{íx i{jdefx u{jdxlg{ajéöfx=
u{jdxlg{ajéöfx=
Zvfk{gv j vdbejef ej Bi{fmj Hjuø`bhj>Zvfk{gv j vdbejef ej Bi{fmj Hjuø`bhj>
_õx fa eý|bej j jvug{bejef eg pjpj>_õx fa eý|bej j jvug{bejef eg pjpj>
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
J [flg{aj hgap{ffdefv fa evjx ljxfx J [flg{aj hgap{ffdefv fa evjx ljxfx p{bdhbpjbx=
p{bdhbpjbx=
[FLG[AJ _[GUFXUJDUF
[FLG[AJ _[GUFXUJDUF= bdbhbjej fa :6:9,= bdbhbjej fa :6:9, dj J`fajdcj, pg{ Aj{ubdcg @vuf{g$
dj J`fajdcj, pg{ Aj{ubdcg @vuf{g$ [FLG[AJ HJUØ@BHJ
[FLG[AJ HJUØ@BHJ, zvf p{ghv{gv hgakjuf{, zvf p{ghv{gv hgakjuf{ f bapfeb{ j
f bapfeb{ j fspjdxèg ejx beâbjx p{gufxujdufx,fspjdxèg ejx beâbjx p{gufxujdufx, j`âa ef {flg{aj{ j Bi{fmj$
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
G i{jdef `áef{ ej G i{jdef `áef{ ej [flg{aj _{gufxujduf [flg{aj _{gufxujduf lgb Aj{ubdcg @vuf{g lgb Aj{ubdcg @vuf{g #:538!:65<", agdif #:538!:65<", agdif jigxubdbjdg djuv{j` jigxubdbjdg djuv{j` ef Fbx`fkfd, dj ef Fbx`fkfd, dj J`fajdcj$ J`fajdcj$ _f{hvxxg{fx ef _f{hvxxg{fx ef @vuf{g= @vuf{g=Mgcd Ybh`fl
Mgcd Ybh`fl
Mgèg Cvxx
Mgèg Cvxx
Fujpjx ej [flg{aj [f`bibgxj
Fujpjx ej [flg{aj [f`bibgxj
@vuf{g {gapfv hga j Bi{fmj, ef|beg ï@vuf{g {gapfv hga j Bi{fmj, ef|beg ï
Zvfxuèg ejx
Zvfxuèg ejx Bdev`iídhbjx>Bdev`iídhbjx>
G {flg{ajeg{ lgb hgdefdjeg pf`g pjpj fG {flg{ajeg{ lgb hgdefdjeg pf`g pjpj f
bdbhbgv j eb|v`ijéèg ef xvjx dg|jx befbjx> bdbhbgv j eb|v`ijéèg ef xvjx dg|jx befbjx>
Fujpjx ej [flg{aj [f`bibgxj
Fujpjx ej [flg{aj [f`bibgxj
J J`fajdcj lgb fd|g`|bej pg{ evjx {fkf`böfx= J J`fajdcj lgb fd|g`|bej pg{ evjx {fkf`böfx=
[f|g`uj egx Hj|j`fb{gx[f|g`uj egx Hj|j`fb{gx
[f|g`uj egx Hjapgdfxfx[f|g`uj egx Hjapgdfxfx
Kfdx
Kfdx ej ej Bi{fmj Bi{fmj Dgk{f}jDgk{f}j
[flg{aj [f`bibgxj
Ljug{fx ef xvhfxxg ej [flg{aj ef @vuf{g
Ljug{fx ef xvhfxxg ej [flg{aj ef @vuf{g
Fxpá{bug h{áubhg ej kv{ivfxbj>Fxpá{bug h{áubhg ej kv{ivfxbj>
_g`áubhj djhbgdj`bxujx ef avbugx _g`áubhj djhbgdj`bxujx ef avbugx ig|f{djdufx>ig|f{djdufx>
_{bdhbpjbx pgdugx ej Egvu{bdj
_{bdhbpjbx pgdugx ej Egvu{bdj
Jkg`béèg ef xjh{jafdugx>Jkg`béèg ef xjh{jafdugx>
Jkg`béèg eg hv`ug egx xjdugx>Jkg`béèg eg hv`ug egx xjdugx>
J xj`|jéèg â j`hjdéjej fsh`vxb|jafduf pf`j lâ>J xj`|jéèg â j`hjdéjej fsh`vxb|jafduf pf`j lâ>
J `b|{f bduf{p{fujéèg ej Kák`bj>J `b|{f bduf{p{fujéèg ej Kák`bj>
F`babdjéèg ej cbf{j{zvbj fh`fxbêxubhj>F`babdjéèg ej cbf{j{zvbj fh`fxbêxubhj>
_{bdhbpjbx pgdugx ej Egvu{bdj
[fxv`ujegx ej [flg{aj _{gufxujduf
[fxv`ujegx ej [flg{aj _{gufxujduf
H{bxujdejef H{bxujdejef Hjuø`bhgxHjuø`bhgx
_{gufxujdufx _{gufxujdufx
Ivf{{jx [f`bibgxjx>Ivf{{jx [f`bibgxjx>
[fiböfx ej Fv{gpj, jkg`begx gx bapgxugx f[fiböfx ej Fv{gpj, jkg`begx gx bapgxugx f
gvu{jx ujsjx pjijx pf`gx lbâbx ï Bi{fmj> gvu{jx ujsjx pjijx pf`gx lbâbx ï Bi{fmj>
[fxv`ujegx ej [flg{aj _{gufxujduf
[fxv`ujegx ej [flg{aj _{gufxujduf
[flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
[flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
Gkmfub|gx= Gkmfub|gx=
Hgakjuf{ g p{gufxujdubxag f bapfeb{ xvjHgakjuf{ g p{gufxujdubxag f bapfeb{ xvj
fspjdxèg> fspjdxèg>
[fg{ijdb}j{ j Bi{fmj Hjuø`bhj>[fg{ijdb}j{ j Bi{fmj Hjuø`bhj>
Eb|v`ij{ j lâ hjuø`bhj ju{j|âx ej jéèg egxEb|v`ij{ j lâ hjuø`bhj ju{j|âx ej jéèg egx
abxxbgdê{bgx> abxxbgdê{bgx>
Bdlvdeb{ dgx lbâbx f dg h`f{g ajbg{ bduf{fxxfBdlvdeb{ dgx lbâbx f dg h`f{g ajbg{ bduf{fxxf
pf`gx |j`g{fx fxpb{buvjbx> pf`gx |j`g{fx fxpb{buvjbx>
Bdxu{vafdugx ej [flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
Bdxu{vafdugx ej [flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
Hgdhá`bg ef U{fdug>Hgdhá`bg ef U{fdug> Hgapjdcbj ef Mfxvx>Hgapjdcbj ef Mfxvx> Bdzvbxbéèg$Bdzvbxbéèg$
Bdxu{vafdugx ej [flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
Bdxu{vafdugx ej [flg{aj Hjuø`bhj
H{bxubjdbxag
H{bxubjdbxag
f xvjx
f xvjx
Bdl`vídhbjx dj
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
Jvug{ eg `b|{g ‐J Âubhj _{gufxujduf
Jvug{ eg `b|{g ‐J Âubhj _{gufxujduf f g Fxpá{bugf g Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag‑, Ajs Yfkf{, fxuvegv j
eg Hjpbuj`bxag‑, Ajs Yfkf{, fxuvegv j
bduf{jéèg ef beâbjx {f`bibgxjx hga g bduf{jéèg ef beâbjx {f`bibgxjx hga g hgapg{ujafdug fhgdõabhg$
hgapg{ujafdug fhgdõabhg$ Ufxf ef Yfkf{
Ufxf ef Yfkf{ ¾ Âubhjx f befbjx pv{bujdjx¾ Âubhjx f befbjx pv{bujdjx bdl`vfdhbj|ja g efxfd|g`|bafdug eg
bdl`vfdhbj|ja g efxfd|g`|bafdug eg hjpbuj`bxag$
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag ¾
Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag ¾ Beâbjx f Cêkbugx jBeâbjx f Cêkbugx j p{ghv{j {jhbgdj` ef ijdcg
p{ghv{j {jhbgdj` ef ijdcg fhgdõabhg$fhgdõabhg$
Hj`|bdbxag #ubpg ef _{gufxujdubxag" lj|g{fhbj g Hj`|bdbxag #ubpg ef _{gufxujdubxag" lj|g{fhbj g
hgapg{ujafdug fhgdõabhg {jhbgdj`$ hgapg{ujafdug fhgdõabhg {jhbgdj`$
Cjkb`bejefx Cvajdjx #Avxbhj,
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
Kv{ivfxfx hj`|bdbxujx hga {gvpjx xøk{bjx f
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
Jx befbjx {f`bibgxjx
Jx befbjx {f`bibgxjx pv{bujdjxpv{bujdjx uf|f va i{jdefuf|f va i{jdef bapjhug dg efxfd|g`|bafdug ej g{efa
bapjhug dg efxfd|g`|bafdug ej g{efa fhgdõabhj, j`âa ef gvu{gx ljug{fx=
fhgdõabhj, j`âa ef gvu{gx ljug{fx=
[jhbgdj`bxag dj hbídhbj>[jhbgdj`bxag dj hbídhbj>
Afxh`j ej gkxf{|jéèg hga j Afxh`j ej gkxf{|jéèg hga j ajufaêubhj>ajufaêubhj>
Mv{bxp{veídhbj>Mv{bxp{veídhbj>
Xbxufajub}jéèg {jhbgdj` Xbxufajub}jéèg {jhbgdj` ej jeabdbxu{jéègej jeabdbxu{jéèg
ig|f{djub|j> ig|f{djub|j>
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
Yfkf{ {fu{juj g Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag f j Âubhj Yfkf{ {fu{juj g Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag f j Âubhj
_{gufxujduf= _{gufxujduf=
Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag
Fxpá{bug eg Hjpbuj`bxag ¾ Bxg`jafdug
¾ Bxg`jafdug
ef hj{jhuf{áxubhj fa hgava, f
ef hj{jhuf{áxubhj fa hgava, f
fxujkf`fhbafdug eg ubpg befj` ef hgdevuj
fxujkf`fhbafdug eg ubpg befj` ef hgdevuj
{f`bibgxj$
{f`bibgxj$
Âubhj _{gufxujduf
Âubhj _{gufxujduf ¾ Xjdublbhjéèg j |bej
¾ Xjdublbhjéèg j |bej
ebê{bj fa hgdu{jpgxbéèg ï hgdufap`jéèg
ebê{bj fa hgdu{jpgxbéèg ï hgdufap`jéèg
eg eb|bdg$
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
H{bxubjdbxag f Hjpbuj`bxag
_g{ zvf xø j _{gufxujduf fxuj{bj
_g{ zvf xø j _{gufxujduf fxuj{bj
fd|g`|bej hga fxuf xbxufaj 7
fd|g`|bej hga fxuf xbxufaj 7
Hjuø`bhj
_{gufxujduf
Hjuø`bhj
_{gufxujduf
Hgdevujx zvf {fhvxj|ja j gkufdéèg eg
Hgdevujx zvf {fhvxj|ja j gkufdéèg eg
`vh{g
`vh{g f
f zvf
zvf efxuf
efxuf ageg
ageg bja
bja ef
ef fdhgdu{g
fdhgdu{g
jg befj` kv{ivíx$
H{bxubjdbxag
H{bxubjdbxag
f xvjx
f xvjx
Bdl`vídhbjx dj
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
Lvdejafduj`bxag _{gufxujduf
Lvdejafduj`bxag _{gufxujduf
Ag|bafdug {fjhbgdê{bg zvf hgdxbxuf fa
Ag|bafdug {fjhbgdê{bg zvf hgdxbxuf fa
vaj `fbuv{j `buf{j` egx ufsugx kák`bhgx$
vaj `fbuv{j `buf{j` egx ufsugx kák`bhgx$
Zvfxuöfx _g`íabhjx =
Zvfxuöfx _g`íabhjx =
Cgagxxfsvj`bejef, jkg{ug, lfabdbxag,
Cgagxxfsvj`bejef, jkg{ug, lfabdbxag,
bdf{{ëdhbj kák`bhj, dèg!jhfbujéèg ej
bdf{{ëdhbj kák`bhj, dèg!jhfbujéèg ej
cbxug{bhbejef ejx dj{{jub|jx kák`bhjx$
cbxug{bhbejef ejx dj{{jub|jx kák`bhjx$
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
Ag|bafdug J
Ag|bafdug Jdub!jkg{ug fa l{fduf dub!jkg{ug fa l{fduf j vajj vaj
h`ádbhj dgx FVJ
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
Bdufi{bxag Hjuø`bhg
Bdufi{bxag Hjuø`bhg
Bdxubuvbéèg egabdjduf fa ugejx j Bejef
Bdxubuvbéèg egabdjduf fa ugejx j Bejef
Aâebj fv{gpâbj, efajxbjeg bdl`vfduf dg
Aâebj fv{gpâbj, efajxbjeg bdl`vfduf dg
ufapgx agef{dgx$
ufapgx agef{dgx$
J`bdcjafdug j u{jebéèg f j
J`bdcjafdug j u{jebéèg f j
ag|bafdugx hgdxf{|jeg{fx$
ag|bafdugx hgdxf{|jeg{fx$
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
Efxxjh{j`b}jéèg$
Efxxjh{j`b}jéèg$
Bapjhug Ufhdg`øibhg f Hbfduálbhgx>
Bapjhug Ufhdg`øibhg f Hbfduálbhgx>
Ag|bafdug {fjhbgdê{bgx, jdub!agef{dgx f jdub!Ag|bafdug {fjhbgdê{bgx, jdub!agef{dgx f jdub!
agef{dbxujx
agef{dbxujx Bdufi{bxag Bdufi{bxag hjuø`bhg$hjuø`bhg$
Hjug`bhbxag Bdufi{j` 1 fsbiídhbjx eg Bduf`fhug .Hjug`bhbxag Bdufi{j` 1 fsbiídhbjx eg Bduf`fhug .
ejegx ef lâ ejegx ef lâ
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
Bavujkb`bejef, Bdujdibkb`bejef f bdufi{j`bejefBavujkb`bejef, Bdujdibkb`bejef f bdufi{j`bejef
Lba ej Xgkf{jdbj ufapg{j` eg pjpjeg>Lba ej Xgkf{jdbj ufapg{j` eg pjpjeg>
Fxujeg eg \jubhjdg ' U{jujeg ef Fxujeg eg \jubhjdg ' U{jujeg ef @ju{èg@ju{èg ‘ ‘ Buê`bj$Buê`bj$
Zvfxuöfx xghbjbx S Bdufi{j`Zvfxuöfx xghbjbx S Bdufi{j`
Fh`gxèg ef ag|bafdug ef u{jdxlg{ajéèg fFh`gxèg ef ag|bafdug ef u{jdxlg{ajéèg f
{f|g`véèg$ {f|g`véèg$
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
H{bxubjdbxag f Xbxufaj Xghbj`
_j{ubhbpjéèg eg Xjhf{eguf Xhcjhc`fbudf{
_j{ubhbpjéèg eg Xjhf{eguf Xhcjhc`fbudf{
dj {fvdbèg pøx!dj}bxuj
H{bxubjdbxag
H{bxubjdbxag
f xvjx
f xvjx
Bdl`vídhbjx dj
H{bxubjdbxag f _g`áubhj
H{bxubjdbxag f _g`áubhj
AfxxbjdbxagAfxxbjdbxag ‐ Dg|j F{j ef Mvxubéj f Lf`bhbejef ‑ ‐ Dg|j F{j ef Mvxubéj f Lf`bhbejef ‑ H{fdéj AfxxbëdbhgH{fdéj AfxxbëdbhgLGUG= Cvig Hcj|fx dj pjxxfjuj fa \fdf}vf`j$ LGUG= Cvig Hcj|fx dj pjxxfjuj fa \fdf}vf`j$
H{bxubjdbxag f _g`áubhj
H{bxubjdbxag f _g`áubhj
Ivf{{j eg Hgdufxujegx Ivf{{j eg Hgdufxujegx
Xv{ibeg fa :2:; dj eb|bxj egx fxujegx ef Xjduj Hjuj{bdj f Xv{ibeg fa :2:; dj eb|bxj egx fxujegx ef Xjduj Hjuj{bdj f _j{jdê, f{j va ag|bafdug `bef{jeg pg{ agdifx
_j{jdê, f{j va ag|bafdug `bef{jeg pg{ agdifx zvf eflfdebja jzvf eflfdebja j |g`uj eg Bapâ{bg