You need to know Amazon

Amazon

You need to know

https://sitefiespstorage.blob.core.windows.net/uploads/2019/09/file-20190903222914-engamazonia-edit-fina-low.pdf

Amazon ^Legal

61 _{of Brazil} ^%

- Administrative political concept adopted in the 50's

- Includes 9 states – Acre, Amapá, Pará, Amazonas, Rondônia, Roraima, Mato Grosso, Tocantins e Maranhão and 


3 biomes – Amazon and parts of Cerrado and Pantanal

- All deforestation and fire data are reported by Brazil as Legal Amazon

Source: IBGE – Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation). Last available data.

( ) ^5.2

( ) ^4.2

49 _{of Brazil} ^%

million km

Source: IBGE – Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation).

Last available data.

Area where the Amazon Rainforest is

2

Amazon

Biome

84 ^%

is covered with

native vegetation

Source: Territorial Embrapa (Strategic Territorial Intelligence Group - GITE). Last available data.

Amazon

Biome

3.52 ^{million km 2}

of native forest, the largest

remaining rainforest on the planet, equivalent to the area of 


15 European countries combined

Source: IBGE-Geoscience; IBGE-Countries; Embrapa Territorial (GITE). Last available data.

Native Vegetation

=

France

Spain

Poland Ukraine

Belgium

NetherlandsGermany

Italy

Suíça

Czech Republic Austria

Hungary Croatia

Slovakia

Portug al

Amazon

Biome

49%

is in areas protected by law (conservation units and indigenous reserves) is privately

owned

is in unregistered areas

Source: Embrapa Territorial (Strategic Territorial Intelligence Group - GITE), latest available data.

25%

26%

Native Vegetation

Amazon

Biome

All private properties in Brazil are governed by the Brazilian Forest Code, one of the most advanced environmental laws in the world.

Private property in the Amazon

MANDATORY CONSERVATION

80%

20%

In the case of the Amazon

biome, the code determines the preservation of 80% of native vegetation

Private Properties

Amazon

Biome

30

Thousand km2

25 20

15 10

17.3 18.2 18.2

21.7

25.4

27.8

11.7 12.9

7.5 7.0 6.4 6.2

7.9 6.9 7.5

3.925

5

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 200 7

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 201 7

2018

2020 Goal Copenhagen

agreement

19.0

14.3

4.6

5.9

5.0

Deforestation Series in the Legal Amazon

deforestation Fight against In the last decades, Brazil has intensified a set of public policies to combat

deforestation

Source: IBGE-Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation) and INPE, extracted on 28/08/19. Last available data.

Last 20 years average - 12.6

Last 10 years average – 6.5

Average deforestation

between 1999-2018 (thousand km2) Deforestation(thousand km2)

Average deforestation

between 2009-2018 (thousand km2)

is within the historical average Although deforestation

must be met in the Copenhagen agreement the goal set

Fires

Fires in the Legal Amazon is a typical dry season

phenomenon that recurs annually. They may be

associated with human

action or natural causes

Fires occur predominantly in Cerrado areas, transition environments and already open areas

08.30.2019 risk of burns predicted by INPE

Undefined Minimum Low Medium High

fires

Critical

Source: INPE - August 30, 2019 Daily Newsletter

Risk of

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 201

7 2018

2019 Until August 2 7 50,000

100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000

Number of burning spots

Burning spots

in Legal Amazon Annual Series

Last 20 years average – 148,501

Last 10 years average – 119,348

Average burning spots between 1999-2018

Burning spots in the year

Average burning spots between 2009-2019

Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.

Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.

Average burning spots between 1999-2018 (Jan-Aug)

Burning spots in the year (Jan-Aug)

Average burning spots between 2009-2019 (Jan-Aug)

1999

(Jan-A ug)

2000

(Jan-A ug)

2001

(Jan-A ug)

2002

(Jan-A ug)

2003

(Jan-A ug)

2004

(Jan-A ug)

2005

(Jan-A ug)

2006

(Jan-A ug)

200

7 (Jan-A ug)

2008

(Jan-A ug)

2009

(Jan-A ug)

2010

(Jan-A ug)

2011

(Jan-A ug)

2012

(Jan-A ug)

2013

(Jan-A ug)

2014

(Jan-A ug)

2015

(Jan-A ug)

2016

(Jan-A ug)

2017 (Jan-A ug)

2018

(Jan-A ug)

2019

(Jan-A ug) 20,000

40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

Burning spots in the year

January to August Series

Last 20 years average – 57,432 Last 10 years average – 47,030

Burning spots

in Legal Amazon

Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.

Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.

Average burning spots between 1999-2018 (August)

Burning spots in the year(August)

Average burning spots between 2009-2019 (August)

Aug/1999

Aug/2000

Aug/2001

Aug/2002

Aug/2003

Aug/2004

Aug/2005

Aug/2006

Aug/200 7

Aug/2008

Aug/2009

Aug/2010

Aug/2011

Aug/2012

Aug/2013

Aug/2014

Aug/2015

Aug/2016

Aug/201 7

Aug/2018

Aug/2019 10,000

20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000

Burning spots in the year

August Only Series

Last 20 years average – 34,646

Last 10 years average – 27,791

Burning spots

in Legal Amazon

Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.

Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.

Fires ^vs. deforestation

1999 250

200 150 100 50

0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 200 7

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 201

7 2018 350

300

Focos queimadas (1999 = 100) Desmatamento (1999 = 100)

Source: INPE. Fiesp elaboration

Burning spots Deforestation

(1999=100)

Base Index 100 = 1999

diff erent dynamics

Although they are around the historical average,

the reduction of burning spots

Qualifying information and understanding in which situations it occurs is an urgent and fundamental action to define reduction strategies

must be pursued.

Burning Spots

International

Brazil participates in the main global agreements in force in the

environmental area since the 1960s Brazil's commitment to 2020

is set out in the Copenhagen Agreement of 2009

agreements climate

Reduction of CO2 Emissions

Commitment: Reduce Emissions by 1.24 Gigatons How we are: The deforestation reduction in the

Amazon and Cerrado alone has mitigated CO2 emissions by 2.28 Gigatons

Deforestation reduction in the Amazon

Commitment: 80% reduction over 2004 rate How we are: We reduced by 73%

until 2020 Main actions

(Copenhagen)

Source: INPE 2018 and Informative Note from MMA 2019

International

agreements climate

The Paris Agreement

has already been signed and ratified,

Brazil is already doing its part:

Source: MME

with goals for 2025 and 2030.

Commitment

Increased participation of biofuels in the energy matrix (Renovabio)

Percentage of renewables in the energy matrix

Increased share of renewables in energy matrix.

except hydroelectric

18%

45%

> 28%

17.4%

45.3%

32.7%

2030 Goal Already done in 2018

Matrix

Energy

Brazil has the cleanest and most diverse

energetic matrix

on the planet 45 ^%

10 ^%

14 ^%

renewable sources

OECD

World

Brazil

other sources

renewable sources

renewable sources

other sources

other sources

Source: Energy Research Company (EPE) of the Ministry of Mines and Energy.

National Energy Balance - 2019 (base year 2018)

In the last decades, Brazil has built one of the most robust sets of norms and laws

in the world to ensure the sustainable production and rational use of its

natural resources.

Additionally, we have private initiatives in the main production chains that

reinforce this commitment

Framework ^Legal

Monitoring

Brazil has invested and developed very sophisticated systems to

monitor everything that goes on in the Amazon. Today, diff erent agencies monitor the region such as INPE, EMBRAPA, IBGE and CENSIPAM

Official databases are able to show in detail everything that goes on. And these technologies advance every day. They will be increasingly eff ective

São Gabriel da Cachoeira

VistaBoa

Tefé Manaus

Tiriós

Macapá

Belém

Imperatriz São Félix

do Xingú Mancoré

Tabatinga

Conceição do Araguaia

Sinop

Cachimbó Jacareacanga

Cruzeiro

do Sul Eirunepê Porto Velho

Vilhena

Porto Esperidião

São Félix do Araguaia BrancoRio

Guajará Mirim

Santarém São

Luis

SIPAM

radar system

Technology

Produce Preserve and

Brazil is a global leader in tropical forest conservation, has the cleanest and most diversified energy matrix and still manages to be the largest net food exporter to the world, reaching over 200 markets

We preserve and produce with

excellence and quality

must be restrained Illegal deforestation

with sustainable public policies that generate

income, access to technology and strengthening

of monitoring and enforcement actions

Amazon ^Legal

29

^millions

of people concentrated in urban areas

61% of the territory

14%

Legal Amazon Brazil

6 inhabitants/km ² 22 inhabitants/km ²

Source: IBGE-Geoscience and Population Estimation, 2019 and UN (Population Division).

Latest data available.

is necessary Harmonic coexistence

Standing forest Economic activities

+ +

Families

wellbeing

The Federation of

Industries of the State of São Paulo conducted this analysis of the Amazon based on public data and primary sources of

information in order to participate in the public debate and bring light to the information that has been circulating on the subject, often in a

mismatched manner.

Sources consulted

Amazon Protection System Management and Operational Center - CENSIPAM Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA

Energy Research Company - EPE

São Paulo State Federation of Industries - FIESP

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE National Institute of Meteorology - INMET

National Institute for Space Research - INPE Ministry of Mines and Energy - MME

Ministry of Environment - MMA

United Nations - UN

Federation of Industries

of the State of São Paulo