Desenvolvimento e implementação de um método espetrofotométrico para a monitorização, em tempo real, do parâmetro cor de águas residuais

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(24) !EHM:=HK>LI>LL:=HK 53A>- +>K<>GM:@>F=><:=:MBIH=>V@N:K>LB=N:EMK:M:=:G: /-=>-:;:=: 53A>- LI>MKH>E>MKHF:@G[MB<H67 53A>- /HF67 53A>- KHF:MB<B=:=>67 53A>- LMKNMNK:=HHEAHANF:GH6 7 53A>- LMKNMNK:=:K>MBG:=HHEAHANF:GH6 7 53A>- ->LIHLM:L>LI>MK:BL=>H;L>KO:=HK>LI:=KYH=>c> c L>@NG=H:$ 6:=:IM:=H 7 53A>-

(25) >M>KFBG:ZYH=HLO:EHK>LMKBLMBFNENL3 4>5:MK:O[L=:LH;K>IHLBZYH=H>LI>MKH=> K>?E>MXG<B:=>NF::FHLMK:<HF:L?NGZa>L=><HK λ λ> λ <HKK>LIHG=>GM>LWI>K<>ZYH =HHEAHANF:GH67 53A>-

(26) B:@K:F:=><KHF:MB<B=:=>6:=:IM:=H7 53A>-

(27)

(28) LJN>F:K>IK>L>GM:MBOH=:?HKF:=>H;M>GZYH=H<HFIKBF>GMH=>HG=:=>NF:<HK K><HKK>G=H:HNLH=H=B:@K:F:=><KHF:MB<B=:=>6:=:IM:=H7 53A>-

(29) LJN>F:K>IK>L>GM:MBOH=:?HKF:=>H;M>GZYH=:INK>S:=>NF:<HKK><HKK>G=H:H NLH=H=B:@K:F:=><KHF:MB<B=:=>6:=:IM:=H7 53A>-

(30) LI:ZH=><HK$ ':;67 53A>-

(31) LI:ZH=><HK$ 'Ac6:=:IM:=H 7 53A>-

(32) B:@K:F:>LJN>FVMB<H=H>JNBI:F>GMH=>:GVEBL>=:BF:@>F=B@BM:EHG EBG> I:K:: FHGBMHKBS:ZYH=:<HK=>V@N:LK>LB=N:BL67 53A>-

(33) .HENZa>LLMH<D=HL<HK:GM>LO>KF>EAH :SNE :F:K>EH>O>K=> =:F:K<:R.M:K 53A>-

(34) HG=BZa>L=:>Q><NZYH=::GVEBL>OBLN:E NMBEBS:G=H<HFH>Q>FIEHNF:=BENBZYH=H <HK:GM>:F:K>EH IKHO>M:W>LJN>K=:<HGM>F:LHENZYH=BEN]=: =H<HK:GM>>:=:=BK>BM:[: IKHO>M:JN><HGM>FV@N:=:MHKG>BK: 53A>-

(35) !EH<NE:=HK 53A>- E]JNHM:L=::FHLMK:=>V@N:K>LB=N:EIKHGM::L>K=>L<:KK>@:=:GHF>BHA]=KB<H GH ?EH<NE:=HK LH;HMK:M:F>GMH=><H:@NE:ZYH

(36) ?EH<NE:ZYH 53A>- .BLM>F:=>FHGM:@>FI:K::HSHGBS:ZYH=::FHLMK:=>V@N:K>LB=N:EMK:M:=:G: /- =>-:;:=: . >L>GOHEOBF>GMH>BFIE>F>GM:ZYH=>NFF[MH=H>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<HI:K:QO :FHGBMHKBS:ZYH >FM>FIHK>:E =HI:KXF>MKH<HK=>V@N:LK>LB=N:BL .

(37) 53A>-

(38) .HG=:>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<:LI><MKHERL>K ?:;KB<:=:I>E:L<:G BGLM:E:=:G: /-=> -:;:=: 53A>- (HGM:@>F=>NF>GL:BH<HF:LHG=: 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LHENZYHLMH<D=><HK:GM>:F:K>EH>=:LLN<>LLBO:L=BENBZa>L :G:EBL:=:LI:K::F>LF:<HK 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LHENZYHLMH<D=><HK:GM>O>KF>EAH>=:LLN<>LLBO:L=BENBZa>L :G:EBL:=:LI:K::F>LF:<HK 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LHENZYHLMH<D=><HK:GM>:SNE>=:LLN<>LLBO:L=BENBZa>L :G:EBL:=:LI:K::F>LF:<HK 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LHENZYHLMH<D=><HK:GM>O>K=>>=:LLN<>LLBO:L=BENBZa>L :G:EBL:=:LI:K::F>LF:<HK 53A>- LI>MKHJN>:V@N:WL:]=:=: /-=>O>:IK>L>GM:K I:K:JN>JN:G=H=BEN]=: O>S>LL>C:BG<HEHK:IK>MH K>LNEM:GM>=HL>LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LLHENZa>L=><HK:GM>L:F:K>EH ::F:K>EH O>KF>EAH:O>KF>EAH :SNE::SNE>O>K=>:O>K=> <NC:<HK[GYHOBL]O>EL>:L LHENZa>LK>IK>L>GM:=:L?HK>F=BEN]=:L O>S>L 53A>- ;LHKOXG<B: :GF >F?NGZYH=:<HG<>GMK:ZYH=><HK:GM>:F:K>EH >F@

(39) ' 53A>- ;LHKOXG<B: :GF >F?NGZYH=:<HG<>GMK:ZYH=><HK:GM>O>KF>EAH >F@

(40) ' 53A>- ;LHKOXG<B: : GF >F?NGZYH=:<HG<>GMK:ZYH=><HK:GM>:SNE >F@

(41) ' 53A>-

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(43) ' 53A>- “Espetro modelo” (a preto) e o respetivo intervalo de confiança delimitado pelas curvas :O>KF>EAH 53A>-Espetro de absorção “modelo” de uma água incolor à saída da ETAR quando diluída O>S>L:IK>MH limite superior do intervalo de confiança do “espetro modelo”>>LI>MKHL=> :;LHKZYH=>V@N:LMK:M:=:LG: /- <NC:<HK[GYHOBL]O>EJN:G=H=BEN]=: O>S>L<HEHKB=HL 53A>- ->@Ba>L => :GVEBL> => OVKBHL I:KXF>MKHL => FHGBMHKBS:ZYH =: JN:EB=:=> => V@N:L K>LB=N:BL >LI>MKH=>:;LHKZYH=>LN;LMXG<B:L=BLLHEOB=:L>GYH=BLLHEOB=:LGNF:V@N:K>LB=N:E : :SNE>BQHO>KMB<:E>LJN>K=H>>LI>MKH=>:;LHKZYH:I>G:L=>LN;LMXG<B:L=BLLHEOB=:LGNF: V@N:K>LB=N:E :O>KF>EAH>BQHO>KMB<:E=BK>BMH67 53A>-LI>MH=:LL>BL:E]JNHM:L=>NF::FHLMK:V@N:K>LB=N:EMK:M:=: :I_LHMK:M:F>GMH IHK<H:@NE:ZYH

(44) ?EH<NE:ZYH 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LOVKB:L:E]JNHM:L=::FHLMK:=>V@N:K>LB=N:EMK:M:=: :I_L HMK:M:F>GMHIHK<H:@NE:ZYH

(45) ?EH<NE:ZYH 53A>-LI>MHOBLN:E=H?BEMKH=>F>F;K:G: :I_L:?BEMK:ZYH=:L:E]JNHM:L > 53A>- LI>MH =:L L>BL :E]JNHM:L => NF: :FHLMK: V@N: K>LB=N:E =: ?:L> => MK:M:F>GMH ;BHE_@B<H :I_LHMK:M:F>GMHIHK<H:@NE:ZYH

(46) ?EH<NE:ZYH 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:LOVKB:L:E]JNHM:L=::FHLMK:=>V@N:K>LB=N:E=:?:L>=> MK:M:F>GMH;BHE_@B<H :I_LHMK:M:F>GMHIHK<H:@NE:ZYH

(47) ?EH<NE:ZYH 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH:I_L:K>FHZYH=H>LI>MKH=:LBGM>K?>K\G<B:L=:L:E]JNHM:L 2, 3 e 4, “espetro modelo” e limite superior do intervalo de confiança do “espetro modelo”. . >L>GOHEOBF>GMH>BFIE>F>GM:ZYH=>NFF[MH=H>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<HI:K:QOB :FHGBMHKBS:ZYH >FM>FIHK>:E =HI:KXF>MKH<HK=>V@N:LK>LB=N:BL .

(48) 53A>-

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(50) A >=:L:FHLMK:L JN>?HK:FLNC>BM:L:NF:JN:GMB=:=>=>HSHGH=> D@

(51) A D@

(52) A D@

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(55) A> D@

(56) A F=>V@N::L>KMK:M:=:

(57) A 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH:I_L:K>FHZYH=H>LI>MKH=:LBGM>K?>K\G<B:L=::FHLMK:GYH LN;F>MB=::HSHGH D@

(58) A >=:L:FHLMK:LJN>?HK:FLNC>BM:L:NF:JN:GMB=:=>=>HSHGH=> D@

(59) A D@

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(62) A Fde água a ser tratada/h), “espetro modelo”, a preto, e limite superior do intervalo de confiança do “espetro modelo”, a vermelho. 53A>- LI>MKHL=>:;LHKZYH=:V@N:=: /-=>-:;:=::GM>L>:I_LHMK:M:F>GMHIHK HSHGBS:ZYH ::SNE>:E:K:GC: K>LI>MBO:F>GM> >LI>MKH=>:;LHKZYH=:V@N:=: /-=>-:;:=: :I_L : K>FHZYH =H >LI>MKH =:L BGM>K?>K\G<B:L >LI>MKH => :;LHKZYH :I_L MK:M:F>GMH IHK ozonização), a cinzento, “espetro modelo”, a preto e limite superior do intervalo de confiança do “espetro modelo”, a vermelho. 53A>- “Espetro modelo” (a preto) resultante dos espetros de absorção das soluções de corantes da marca DyStar e “espetro modelo revisto” (a roxo) resultante dos espetros de absorção =:LLHENZa>L=><HK:GM>L=:F:K<:R.M:K>=:F:K<:'>O:?BQ 53A>-HGMKHE:=HK67 53A>-.>GLHK>L=B@BM:BL>=>:EM:I>K?HKF:G<><HG><M:=HL<HFH<HGMKHE:=HK67 53A>- :IMNK: => ><KY =H ><KY =H <HGMKHE:=HK HG=> >LMYH :IK>L>GM:=HL >GMK> OVKBHL I:KXF>MKHL HLI:KXF>MKHL“Yellow visibility”, “Red visibility”, “Blue visibility” e “Green visibility” GHFHF>GMH>FJN>>LM:O::L>K:G:EBL:=:NF:V@N:MK:M:=:G: /- <NC:<HK?HB<E:LLB?B<:=: como “Não Visível” na diluição 1:20. 53A>- <KY=H<HGMKHE:=HKHG=>>LMYH:IK>L>GM:=HLHLI:KXF>MKHL“Yellow visibility”, “Red visibility”, “Blue visibility” e “Green visibility”, no momento em que estava a ser analisada uma água tratada na ETAR, cuja cor foi classificada como “Visível” na diluição 1:20. . >L>GOHEOBF>GMH>BFIE>F>GM:ZYH=>NFF[MH=H>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<HI:K:QOBB :FHGBMHKBS:ZYH >FM>FIHK>:E =HI:KXF>MKH<HK=>V@N:LK>LB=N:BL .

(63) . >L>GOHEOBF>GMH>BFIE>F>GM:ZYH=>NFF[MH=H>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<HI:K:QOBBB :FHGBMHKBS:ZYH >FM>FIHK>:E =HI:KXF>MKH<HK=>V@N:LK>LB=N:BL .

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(65) ' =:L LHENZa>L LMH<D =HL <HK:GM>L :F:K>EH O>KF>EAH :SNE>O>K=>=:F:K<:R.M:K &-.18-'BENBZa>LK>:EBS:=:LI:K:::GVEBL> JN>KOBLN:EJN>K>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<: =H<HK:GM> :F:K>EH =: F:K<: R.M:K > K>LI>MBOHL OHENF>L => LHENZYH LMH<D >F F' K>JN>KB=HL I:K: : IK>I:K:ZYH=:L=BENBZa>L &-.18-'BENBZa>LK>:EBS:=:LI:K:::GVEBL> JN>KOBLN:EJN>K>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<: =H<HK:GM> O>KF>EAH=:F:K<:R.M:K>K>LI>MBOHLOHENF>L=>LHENZYHLMH<D >FF' K>JN>KB=HLI:K:: IK>I:K:ZYH=:L=BENBZa>L &-.18-'BENBZa>LK>:EBS:=:LI:K:::GVEBL> JN>KOBLN:EJN>K>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<: =H<HK:GM> :SNE =: F:K<: R.M:K > K>LI>MBOHL OHENF>L => LHENZYH LMH<D >F F' K>JN>KB=HL I:K: : IK>I:K:ZYH=:L=BENBZa>L &-.18-(BENBZa>LK>:EBS:=:LI:K:::GVEBL> JN>KOBLN:EJN>K>LI>MKH?HMHF[MKB<: =H<HK:GM> O>K=> =: F:K<: R.M:K > K>LI>MBOHL OHENF>L => LHENZYH LMH<D >F F' K>JN>KB=HL I:K: : IK>I:K:K:ZYH=:L=BENBZa>L &-.18- ( HG<>GMK:Za>L > K>LI>MBO:L BG<>KM>S:L >F @

(66) ' =:L LHENZa>L O>S>L F:BL <HG<>GMK:=:L=HJN>:LLHENZa>L<NC:<HK[GYHOBL]O>E=HL<HK:GM>L:F:K>EH O>KF>EAH :SNE> O>K=> =: F:K<: R.M:K > =BENBZa>L =: LHENZYH LMH<D <HKK>LIHG=>GM>L WL <HG<>GMK:Za>L =:L LHENZa>L O>S>LF:BL<HG<>GMK:=:L=HJN>:LHENZYH<NC:<HK[GYHOBL]O>E &-.18-(1HENF>L=><H:@NE:GM> ?EH<NE:GM>-$!'* >=>V@N:MK:M:=: >FF' NMBEBS:=HL G:IK>I:K:ZYH=><:=::E]JNHM:><HG<>GMK:Za>LK>LNEM:GM>L=><H:@NE:GM>>?EH<NE:GM> >FIIF =><:=::E]JNHM: &-.18-(+>K<>GM:@>F=>K>G=BF>GMH=HHSHGBS:=HK <HKK>LIHG=>GM>LJN:GMB=:=>L=>HSHGH >F&@

(67) A ><:N=:E=>V@N: >FF

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(71) &-.18-('1HENF>L >F F' ><HG<>GMK:Za>L >F@

(72) ' =H<HK:GM>:F:K>EH=:F:K<:R.M:K NMBEBS:=:LGHL>GL:BHL<HF>LM:<HK >=HL<HK:GM>LO>KF>EAH :SNE>O>K=>=:F:K<:R.M:K NMBEBS:=:LGHL>GL:BHL=><:=:NF:=>LM:L<HK>L &-.18-('->@BLMH=::GVEBL>OBLN:E=:<HK=:LLN<>LLBO:L=BENBZa>LK>:EBS:=:L<HF:LJN:MKH LHENZa>LLMH<D=><:=:<HK:GM> &-.18-('HFIKBF>GMHL=>HG=: >FGF GHJN:E::;LHKOXG<B:[FVQBF:I:K:<:=:<HK> K>LI>MBO::;LHKOXG<B: K>?>K>GM>LWLHENZYHLMH<D=><:=:<HK:GM> &-.18-('HG<>GMK:Za>L=><H:@NE:GM>>?EH<NE:GM> >FIIF NMBEBS:=:L>F<:=:NF:=:L L>BL:E]JNHM:L=::FHLMK:=>V@N:K>LB=N:EMK:M:=: >K>LNEM:=H=::GVEBL>OBLN:EK>:EBS:=:W<HK => <:=: NF: =:L L>BL :E]JNHM:L L>F G>GANF: =BENBZYH :I_L H MK:M:F>GMH IHK <H:@NE:ZYH

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