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书 书 书 !38" !7# !"#$%& Vol.38No.7 2017$7% ActaEcologiaeAnimalisDomastici Jul.2017

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  345,-6789:;<=>?@A4BC D E F B G H I J K[1],L M N O P G Q R S H I JK<TUQRSHVWXYZ@A[\[2]。 @ A ]^ H _ 3 ` a b 7 c 9 5 24~33 mg/kg[34],d 3`efgBhi j I J K k l m、n X o p q r sl9` t P u v b[5],w x,NRC( 1998)_ @ A ]^HIJ O P 3 ` y z 9 5 50~100 mg/kg[6] {| H @ } K,Z ~ 9 3 4 5 @ A ?  ~[7]O P G IJK,>€wNZ3?‚ƒ[8],„…†‡ [ * †ˆ‰@A,Š‹Œ`†Ž\[9],uYZ H ` @}[\。‘’“,” • – — 1500~3000 mg/ kg˜™3 \ ?  Q R S H @ A[10]。 w x,{ š › ™|H@}K,5?Hœ@A,žcŸZ` ¡ ¢£,IJK3` O P 9 ¤ ¥ i ¦ § H ` @ ¨ 7 c 9。©GZ3\vbSHVWhXYZSH@}[ \,wx{SH@ } K I ª Z ~ 9 3 ` « ¬ ­ ® ¯ {。uH_IJK 3 ` e f g B h ° b,I J K 3 l9560mg/kg¥,H_3`efh±10%,uI JK3²³YZ5150 mg/kg¥,H _3 ` ef h bG5%[11],´Cef`3*µ¶j·¸¹º»¼, ½¾¿ÀÁÂ。Z3IJi½¾3ÃÄGH»ÅÆ ÇÈÉ,ÊËHÌÍXÎÏÐÑÒ。wx,ÓÔÕÖ š›™H×IJX · ¸ K 3 l 9 Õ Ø,_ H @ } K Ù¨OP3=TU¿ÀÁÂÚ¤ÛÜÝÞ。 ßàáâãÓ12äå暛™|H×IJX ·¸K3çè²³,é ¶ ê Ó ë ì @ A í î H · ¸ K3ïIJK3l 9 ` ð ñ [,< # Ó Ô H × I J 3OP`ÕØ=· ¸ K 3 ` l 9 ï > ð ñ [,5 I J=@H|òó)Yôõö÷ø。

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1.1 JKL/ àáüý Ó 1 2 ä å æ 19 þ H × (119 ÿ H ×),Hך›51000~10000!"H,¶M‚#Ó ]^H(25kg< $)、% ] H(10~25kg)= Q R S H(10kg< &)`' 171 (Ò )I Jï 171 (· ¸ *Ï,ëì@Aí î H I J X · ¸ * Ï ‚ # = ¶ + ,-’1。.ö / ¦ 0[12]` ‚ * ú û,5 % 1 * Ï  [f2”#] 20161116 34”#:20161213 [5678] 9:Û;‘<=>?(2016YFD0500505);9:@A.+56(31272485) [4BCD] E F(1988-),G,H16IJ,KL‘@,‘úM:,-N|ïIJ.+。Email:2013205012@njau.edu.cn    [OP4B] QRS(1974-),T,UVUVJ,WX,KL@YZ,[Ü\],-¿À@¨ïN|+‘。Email:chunmeili@njau.edu.cn

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`֒[,·¸¶ M \ ^ _ 30 þ ; ‚ # * Ï,I J \IJ`abþIJcè‚#20þ*Ï,¶M—¶ defý2kg45gþ֒[*Ï,hi@jcK kGlmno%¯p4qár。 M1 ./012NOPQRS609A Table1 Descriptionofsamplecollectionsfor feedsandfecalmaterials H×sÿ Pigsfarm t+ Variety »Û Bodyweight I J Feeds · ¸ Feces ]^H > 25kg 3( 3( 1~19 % ]H 10~25kg 3( 3( QRSH < 10kg 3( 3( 1.2 TUVW ‚Buv€èefûâãIJa·¸K3`q wl9。xyz90.5gIJa·¸*ÏG {™| K,Pi10mL T}~`  s:Z € s =1∶4 ` d ف‚,ƒ$„…†,r‡§ˆ‰‚Š‹Œ。A f $ { ™ Ž { ,{ Ô  ` ‘ ‡ ’ “:95 ℃ (30 min),130 ℃(30min),150 ℃(60min),180 ℃ ” s ‰2mL •–,‚Š — ˜ ™ “。 š‡³v‰r‡, §› œ  ‰ 25 mL `  9 ž K,u v € è e f  (CPOES,AgtThns,Ÿ9)ãœ3l9。 1.3 SXYZ ‚BSPSS20.0 >¡¢_IJaB·¸*Ï £¤w; ú ¥ ¶ ê (ONEWAY ANOVA),‚ B Duncan¦û£b Û § °,犘<0.05 5 ¥ ¨ © ª。 ·¸*Ïï I J * Ï « ¬  £ ­ ® * ß tâ á,犘 <0.055¥ ¨ © ª。 k ¤ õ ö ¯ ‚ B ° ¯ õ ± ± x²(Mean±SE)’ ³。GraphPadPrism5   > ¡ ¢¶ê>´·¸XIJK3l9`ðñ[。

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2.1 ./01234P56 · H × ` ] ^ H、% ] H X Q R S H ` I J X ·¸3l9-’2。H·¸3l9 Z G ð _ F I J 3l9,¸Ó3ÿ、12ÿX14 ÿ H × ` ] ^ H < = 1ÿ、2ÿ、4ÿ、5ÿ、12ÿX 14 ÿ H × ` % ] H « ¼,>¹H×`· þ í î H · ¸ 3 l 9 © ª Z G I J3l9(犘<0.05)。QR S H I J 3 l 9 ­ ® Z G]^HX%]HIJ3l9,¸4ÿX15ÿH× ¼,>ºH×QR S H I J 3 l 9 © ª Z G ] ^ H X%]HIJ3l9(犘<0.05)。 Q R S H · ¸ 3 l9­®ZG]^ H X % ] H · ¸ 3 l 9,¸ 4 ÿ X15ÿH×¼,>ºH×QRSH·¸3l9©ª ZG]^HX%] H · ¸ 3 l 9 (犘<0.05)。 ’ 3 N_·H×`]^ H、% ] H X Q R S H ` I J X ·¸3l9£` >L»¼¶ê。k¤H×HI JK3l9½¾569.50~2654 mg/kg,° ¯ l 9 5658.9mg/kg,> K Q R S H I J K 3 l 9 ¿ Z G]^HX%]H。k¤H×H·¸K3l9½¾ 5135.6~4283mg/kg,°¯l951197mg/kg, >KQRSH·¸K3°¯l953101mg/kg。 2.2 ./[123456P\=]9: ëì@AíîH`IJï_F·¸K3l9« ¬`ñÀ-Á1。k¤H`·¸K 3 l 9 ï > I J K3l9Ú¤©ª a  © ª ` Œ ð ñ ñ À,ð ñ À õ50.9594。]^H、%]H X Q R S H ` ð ñ À õ¶M 5 0.5342、0.1761 X 0.8488。 k ¤ H I J ï_ F · ¸ K 3 l 9 ` à [ 4 Ä ú ’ ` Å h 5 1.806,] ^ H、% ] H X Q R S H ` à [ 4 Ä ú ’ `Åh¶M51.220、0.7219X1.494。

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j È É 9 | ò ) ` < =,^ Ê · ¸ ` ¹ h 9 Ë $tP[13],© x Ì Í Î Û ` ¿ À X ƒ Ï Ñ Ò Ï Ð。 ÉÑO§¶ê§°ëì@AíîHIJK3l9< Õ,QRSHIJ K 3 ` ° ¯ l 9 ¶ M N % ] H X ]^HIJ`10.4X10.0Ò。k¤IJ*ÏK3 l9*G100mg/kg`Ó96.5%,* G 200 mg/kg `Ó40.4%,*G1000mg/kg`Ó29.8%。KI JÔ'X9() µ Õ Ö ! 1224 ÿ š œ Ó { H } Ù IJaÒdٔ• K 3 : ; y z O P 9 (< : ; > mg/kg):<× s 3 Ø Ù O P ½ ¾ 5 40~100,< ˜ ™3ØÙO P ½ ¾ 5 43~120;{ H } Ù I J a Ò dÙ ” • K 3 ` a Z Ú 9 (< : ; > mg/kg)5 150。<x5±x,ßàákâã¶ê`HIJ¦± h571.9%。‘’“,H_IJ3`7Ü9540 ~170mg/kg,>KQRSHIJ`3OP9<100 ~150mg/kg5Û,]^H590~100mg/kg,tH 550~65 mg/kg," H 5 80~110 mg/kg[12,1415] NRC(1998)±xK,SHIJ3Ü Ý O P 9 5 80~ 100mg/kg,@A H 5 60 mg/kg,] ^ H 5 50 mg/ kg。ߐ‘K,]^H X % ] H I J K 3 l 9 Þ * bõ{ 200~500 mg/kg « ¬,Q R S H I J K 3 l9Þ*bõZG2000mg/kg。  ‘ ’ “,H _ 3 ` e f g B h ß G 20%[1617],Þ*µ¶3<€ØaÖà-ØÙ<·、á 0ØÙ¹º» ¼。 * 9 H · â ^ G ã å ¥,H · ä `3:;ëi{å,uN{ãåäÄæ,u(4-_ 1 5 !7#      E F,0:ë욛™H×IJX·¸K3l9çè¶ê

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M2 '(,-^_,、`^,0abc,P./01234P56 Table2 Concentrationsofzincinswinefeedsandfeces H×sÿ Pigsfarm t+ Variety IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces H×sÿ Pigsfarm IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces ]^H 169.9b ±9.9 243.9b ±16.8 167.4b ±9.1 204.7c ±12.8 1 %]H 167.0b ±8.9 188.1b ±12.3 11 192.2b ±10.4 326.6b ±22.6 QRSH 1491.2a ±70.3 3800.7a ±236.8 1142.3a ±76.2 2937.0a ±133.7 ]^H 178.9b ±9.4 234.9b ±13.2 190.3b ±9.9 212.2b ±13.2 2 %]H 152.0c ±6.9 168.1c ±7.9 12 199.1b ±7.9 209.8b ±17.2 QRSH 1941.2a ±104.7 3670.4a ±201.3 1926.5a ±89.7 3179.2a ±190.3 ]^H 243.7b ±12.6 269.3b ±21.4 123.8b ±8.4 234.9b ±16.3 3 %]H 225.3b ±11.8 284.7b ±14.5 13 134.9b ±8.4 245.1b ±16.5 QRSH 2048.7a ±142.2 3301.3a ±207.4 2333.6a ±123.0 4211.6a ±249.3 ]^H 151.1a ±8.9 198.9 ±11.1 195.8b ±8.2 181.8b ±9.4 4 %]H 148.3ab ±11.2 185.9±12.3 14 202.7b ±12.0 204.5b ±16.5 QRSH 115.3b ±8.3 185.7±5. 1153.a ±95.5 2988.0a ±145.7 ]^H 147.3b ±6.9 269.3b ±12.6 131.0±10.0 233.9 ±14.0 5 %]H 152.3b ±7.5 174.8c ±7.3 15 127.7±10.5 209.3 ±14.3 QRSH 2048.7a ±140.1 3301.7a ±221.9 137.1±9.9 273.8±12. ]^H 166.4b ±8.6 247.1b ±11.4 125.1b ±5.9 194.6b ±13.0 6 %]H 155.2b ±7.3 228.7b ±15.9 16 143.3b ±10.4 210.2b ±14.4 QRSH 2654.7a ±162.9 3989.0a ±186.2 2006.8a ±131.3 4108.6a ±260.9 ]^H 69.5b ±3.1 135.6b ±5.4 111.4b ±7.4 202.2b ±14.8 7 %]H 72.5b ±3.9 142.8b ±11.3 17 134.2b ±11.1 254.3b ±13.8 QRSH 2396.0a ± 142.8 3744.0a ±220.6 1257.4a ±82.5 2598.0a ±159.2 ]^H 201.5b±8. 316.b±14. 262.±14. 473.b±23. 8 %]H 180.0b ±6.5 289.4b ±14.8 18 157.3c ±6.3 334.9c ±21.2 QRSH 2441.2a ±149.9 4283.3a ±284.7 1175.6a ±104.6 2193.3a ±146.9 ]^H 181.2b±12. 338.b±18. 118.±7. 178.c±9. 9 %]H 162.3b ±10.1 278.5b ±11.7 19 148.5b ±10.0 288.8b ±14.5 QRSH 1775.8a ±83.2 3668.5a ±194.5 1263.5a ±75.7 2357.6a ±150.9 ]^H 215.5b ±9.3 370.3b ±18.7 10 %]H 190.6b ±8.8 351.5b ±22.9 QRSH 2314.8a ±154.8 4122.4a ±274.7  é:ìêõöë±ëìßìí"’³¥¨©ª(犘<0.05),ðìaîí"’³¥¨ë©ª(犘>0.05)。’³ì £ I J ï · ¸K3l9¥¨©ª(犘<0.05)。  Note:Inthesamerow,valueswithdifferentsmalllettersuperscriptsmeansignificantdifference (犘<0.05),whilethose withsameornosuperscriptsmeaninsignificantdifference(犘>0.05).Inthesameline, meansignificantdifferencebetween feedsandfeces(犘<0.05). M3 '(#def,P./012456YZghi Table3 StatisticsofZincconcentrationindifferentpigfeedsandfeces 78Items ]^H Growingandfatteningpigs IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces %]H Nurserypigs IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces QRSH Weanedpigs IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces k¤H Pigs IJ Feeds ·¸ Feces ¯¼ Mean/(mg/kg) 164.6 249.3 158.6 240.7 1654.0 3101.0 658.9 1197.0 a*¼ Max/(mg/kg) 263.0 473.1 225.3 351.5 2654.0 4283.0 2654.0 4283.0 aß¼ Min/(mg/kg) 69.5 135.6 72.5 142.0 115.3 185.7 69.5 135.6 ±x¥ SD/(mg/kg) 47.3 79.0 35.3 60.7 730.5 1185.0 822.3 1516.0 ±x² SE/(mg/kg) 10.9 18.1 8.1 13.9 167.6 271.9 108.9 200.8 ï¨Àõ CV/% 28.8 31.7 22.2 25.2 44.2 38.2 124.8 126.7 2 5 :^@ð+ñ !38"

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@1 '(#def,./[jk123456lmP=n Fig.1 TherelationshipofZincconcentrationindifferentpigfeedsandfeces 3`ef9ë i ¦ § ô ò ` 2%[18],ó ô Y õ Ó { |Hö#åæ,÷åä`3:;*øtP,uÊË ÷ùK8@-`9=> ú ,[19]。 û ¼,· ¸ ä ` 3 üiO§ý#4BþÄGÿ!@-。wxH·K` 3"#$5¿ÀÛ6%ÁÂ`Û܀w«g。ßà á`µ¶&’“H·¸K3`°¯l9©ªZGI J,>KQRSH · ¸ K 3 ` ° ¯ l 9 ¿ Z G % ] HX]^H,¶MN%]HX]^HIJ`12.9X 12.4Ò。·¸*ÏK,3 l 9 * G 2000 mg/kgÓ 29.8%,* G 3000 mg/kg Ó 21.1%,* G 4000 mg/kgÓ7%。÷øK9(BÁ' KÁ  - (… ± x(GB42841984)_3`Ú9¼(÷ù pH<6.5 5 500mg/kg,÷ ù pH≥6.5 5 1000 mg/kg),) < 1000mg/kg5 ± x,H · ¸ ` 3 l 9 ¦ ± h 5 29.8%。©GÉ9µ¶åæ÷ù*3«¬&§°­ ®,+|^Ê·¸ K ` 3 { g œ ’ ³ $  < ¾ , – —÷ù3`4B,d N A # â B l Z ² ³ 3 ` · ¸ _¿À-$ . { Á  / 0。 ì ¥,{ ü 1 g B ¥ üFø2,^Ê· ¸ K > ¹ Û 6 % Á Â Ï Ð,A # âB3A¯{÷ùX(}ÏÁÂ/0[17,2021] ß  ‘ K,à [ 4 Ä ú ’ ` Å h  4 5 ’ ³ · ¸XIJK3`“² 6 À õ”,g œ ’ ³ å 7 8 H · ¸K3l9jIJK3l9tPutP`Òõ。ë ì@} í î k ¤ H ` “² 6 À õ”5 1.806,> K ] ^H、% ] H X Q R S H ` “² 6 À õ ”¶ M 5 1.220、0.7219X1.494,9 “ Q R S H · K 3 ` ² 6¢F*G] ^ H X % ] H。 ó : µ ¶ & ’ “,ë ì@Aíî`H_3`efgBXÖà¹;<°ë ì,>KQRSH_3`efgBhab。

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ß  ‘ µ ¶ ’ “,H I J ï · ¸ K 3 l 9 ¥ ¨ °*,IJX·¸3`°¯â㼯¦º9:±x, >KIJK3²³¦±h 5 71.9%,· ¸ ` 3 l 9 ¦±h5 29.8%。 H · ¸ K 3 l 9 ï > I J K 3 l9«¬Š©ªŒðñ。 opCD: [1] ½ =,E>?,½ @.89:;3{,-N|K`FB[J]. AB()C)/D+0+ñ,2006,8(1):1214. [2] Q˜E,FGH.SHX@A ^ ] H 8 9 : ; N | 7 Ü 9 `  ‘=[J].IJI),1999,(6):3335. [3] HillD A,PeoER,LewisAJ,etal.Zincaminoacidcomple xesforswine [J].JournalofAnimalScience,1986,63(1): 121130. [4] WedekindKJ,LewisAJ,Giesemann MA,etal.Bioavailabili tyofzincfrominorganicandorganicsourcesforpigsfedcorn soybeanmealdiets[J].JournalofAnimalScience,1994,72 (10):26812689. [5] CummingI.The MineralNutritionofLivestock [J].Veteri 3 5 !7#      E F,0:ë욛™H×IJX·¸K3l9çè¶ê

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naryJournal,2001,161(1):7071. [6] Nationalresearchcouncil.Nutrientrequirementsofswine[M]. 10threved.Washigton,DC:The NationalAcademiesPress, 1998. [7] JŒK,ÓLM,NOP.3{H@}K`FB‘=[J].I JKQ,2014(1):2124. [8] RST.Z3 ” • U … S H U # Q R F V W Ù » ` X ¨  ‘ [D].Ù^:ÑY()*+,2006. [9] Sargeant H R,Miller H M,Shaw M A.Inflammatoryre sponseofporcineepithelialIPECJ2cellstoenterotoxigenicE. coliinfectionismodulatedbyzincsupplementation[J].Molec ularImmunology,2011,48(1516):21132121. [10] NielsenF H.Historyofzincinagriculture[J].Advancesin Nutrition,2012,3(6):783789. [11] JondrevilleC,RevyPS,DourmadJY,etal.Influenceof genotypeandsexon minerals (Ca,P,K,N,Mg,Fe,Zn, Cu)contentandretentioninthebodyofpigsfrom25to135 kgofbodyweight[J].RecherchePorcine,2004(36):1724. [12] / ¦,QZ[,\t@,0.] ' # ± ™ | ò ^ Ê I J Zn l 9=·¸ Zn^_L»‘[J].( ) ¿ À . + + ñ,2009,28 (10):21732179. [13] \`˜,\aŽ,JbS.š › ™ | ò ^ Ê · [ Ü ¤ c $ ¶ 㠜¶ê‘[J].d-N|ï^J+ñ,2005,11(6):822829. [14] e f.89:;3{H N | K `  ‘  = [J].1 g ^ h i jkl,2000(5):3436. [15] mÒÿ,\ n,\R¤,0.89:;3{,-ÌÍ=N|K `‘=[J].,-j+=,2002,23(2):4143. [16] op q,e r Ò,s t u.8 9 : ; 3 { , - @ } K ` 4 B

[J].K9^hij,2008,35(6):2629. [17] CangL.Heavymetalspollutioninpoultryandlivestockfeeds and manuresunderintensivefarmingin Jiangsu Province, China[J].JournalofEnvironmentalSciences,2004,16(3): 371374 [18] McGrathD.ImplicationsofApplyingCopperRichPigSlurry toGrasslandEffectsonPlantsandSoils[M]∥CopperinAni malWastesandSewageSludge.SpringerNetherlands,1981: 144153. [19] McGrathSP,ChaudriA M,GillerKE.Longtermeffectsof metalsinsewagesludgeonsoils,microorganismsandplants [J].JournalofIndustrial Microbiology,1995,14(2):94 104. [20] NicholsonF A,ChambersBJ,WilliamsJR,etal.Heavy metalcontentsoflivestockfeedsandanimalmanuresinEng landand Wales [J].BioresourceTechnology,1999,70(1): 2331. [ 21] J?v,Qw1,xby,0.É9zϤX^JX¤X{|-KÛ6%`l9ج ï ¶ ê [J].( ) ¿ À . + + ñ,2005, 24(2):392397

犆狅狀

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狊狅

犳犣

犮犻

狀犉犲

狊犪狀犱犉犲

狊犻

狀犔犪

犲犛

犲犘

犵犉犪

狉犿狊

ZHOU Xin,RENShanmao,LIYansen,LIChunMei (犆狅犾犾犲犵犲狅犳犃狀犻犿犪犾犛犮犻犲狀犮犲犪狀犱犜犲犮犺狀狅犾狅犵狔,犖犪狀犼犻狀犵犃犵狉犻犮狌犾狋狌狉犪犾犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔,犖犪狀犼犻狀犵,犑犻犪狀犵狊狌210095,犆犺犻狀犪) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Feedandfecessamplesofgrowingandfatteningpigs,nurserypigsand weanedpigswere collectedfrom19intensivepigfarms.Theconcentrationsofzincinfeedsandfecessamplesweredetected andthecorrelationbetweenfeedsandfecalzincconcentrationswasanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatthe exceedingrateoffeedswas71.9%,withfecesexceedingrateof29.8%.Theconcentrationsofzincinthe pigs'fecesofvariousstageswerehigherthanthatinthecorrespondingstagesoffeeds(犘<0.05),except thegrowingandfatteningpigsfrom No.3,No.12andNo.14pigfarmsandthenurserypigsfrom No.1, No.2,No.4,No.5,No.12and No.14pigfarms.Theconcentrationsofzincinfeedssamplesof weanedpigswerehigherthanthatofgrowingandfatteningpigsandnurserypigs(犘<0.05),exceptNo. 4andNo.15pigsfarm.Therewassignificantpositivecorrelationbetweenthezincconcentrationinfeeds andthezincconcentrationinfeces,thecorrelationcoefficientwas0.9594.Andthecorrelationcoefficients were0.5342,0.1761and0.8488ingrowingandfatteningpigs,nurserypigsandweanedpigs,respective ly.Thelinearregressionslopewas1.806betweenfeedsandfeces,and1.220,0.7219and1.494,for growingandfatteningpigs,nurserypigsandweanedpigs,respectively.Theresultsindicatethatthezinc concentrationsinfeedsandfecesfromintensivepigfarmsbothexceedthelimitsofthenationalstandard, andthezincconcentrationinfecesandfeedswaspositivelycorrelated. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:pigs;feeds;feces;Zinc;intensivepigfarm 4 5 :^@ð+ñ !38"

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