Grevtsev V.A.,Gorbachev B.F.,Lygina A.M.,Gubajdullina A.M.
FSUE "CNIIgeolnerud"
Properties of a kaolinite can vary in the course of mechanical, thermal, chemical actions.
Changes of physical properties occurring thus was possibly to reveal as classical (an electronic microscopy – EМ), and the modern methods of a radiospectroscopy (an electronic spin
resonance – ESR, a nuclear magnetic resonance – NMR). EМ allows to analyze the shape and sizes of the elementary crystals, EPR identifies paramagnetic ions and the electron-hole centers (EHC), i.e. defects of crystalline structure. Different kinds of water and its behavior in minerals are investigated by a NMR proton measurement (PМR). Partnering application of spectroscopy methods (EM, ESR NMR),XRD andthermal analysis (DTG-DTA) promotes improvement of the nature of mineral inclusions (presence of halloysite, rutile, anatase, monmorillonite), an estimate of a degree of deficiency of structure of a kaolinite and sorptive properties, identification of structural (isomorphous) and out of structure (mineral) iron. Effect of such approach is the select of a direction of use kaoline raw materials (Gorbachev et al., 2000).
Samples of kaolines are presented by deposits Beljaevsky (Ukraine), Sojuznoe (Kazakhstan), the Zhuravliny Log (the Chelyabinsk region) (Grevtsev V.A. et al., 1985a,1985b; Maslennikov G. N.
et al., 2002). The kaolinite in EM pictures is observed in the form of micro crystals with tracked facets, a size 2-5μm (with a coefficient of HinckleyR1.0) and finer particles of the isometric shape which are not possessing clear contours (with a coefficient of HinckleyR0.3). Unstable liquescency of kaolin, the increased exponents of adsorptive capacity, mechanical strength, plasticity and shrinkage are interpreted by presence of the halloysite recorded by method EM in samples [4].
Identification structural (isomorphous ions Fe3+sAl3 +) and out of structure (mineral Fe3+m) a trivalent iron is made by ESR method; methods XRD and ESR are applied to an estimate of a degree of structural perfection of crystalline structure of a kaolinite. Particles of kaolinite of fraction -0.020mm, unlike fraction –0.063mm, have lower value of a coefficient of crystallinity (Randesr), i.e. larger particles of crystals are more perfect. Among fractions from 0.063 to
0.020 mm the content of isomorphous ions Fe3+Al3 +is incremented in process of particle size decrease. The negative correlation between whiteness and the iron content is scored: R = –0.61 for Fe3+sand total value R = –0.82 (for Fe3+s+ Fe3+m). The positive connection (R=0.73) concentrations of EHC of type [Аl- O--Аl] in kaolinites with the adsorptive properties of
kaolines spotted by method PМR, is erected by a direct method of analysis of the proton systems which are a part molecular-related and planar water, i.e. the interconnection between
concentration EHC and development of dislocation growth failures in the course of formation of minerals is confirmed (Grevtsev V.A. et al., 1985a,1985b).
Structural parameters of kaolines according to XRD methods, EPR and NMR correlate between themselves and are mutually supplementing: a crystallinity coefficient↔a coefficient of Hinckley (EPR – XRD, R=0.88), the kaolinite content↔the water content (XRD – NMR – DTG, R=0.70), a dispersivity↔the water content (sedimentation – PМR, R = –100 nm), possessing the major square of a specific surface area, allow to refer to these natural formations to nanostructure, with a prospect of their possible practical application (0.68). The minimum particle sizes of a kaolinite (Nanomineralogy, 2005).
Grevtsev V.A. et al. (1985a). Complexingphysical methods of the analysis on an instance of examination of kaolines of a deposit Beljaevsky. Materials of XIII All-Union meeting ”Clay, clayey minerals and their use in a national economy”. Publishing house "Science" Kaz. The Soviet Socialist Republic, Alma-Ata, p.43.
Grevtsev V.A. et al. (1985b). Analysis of types and behaviour of water in some clayey minerals method PMR. Materials of XIII All-Union meeting ”Clay, clayey minerals and their use in a national economy”. Publishing house "Science" Kaz. The Soviet Socialist Republic, Alma-Ata, p. 41.
Gorbachev B.F. et. al. (2000). Evaluation test of kaolines. Investigation and a conservation of mineral resources, №9. 38-40.
Maslennikov G. N. et al. (2002). The enriched kaoline of a deposit “Zhuravliny Log” for ceramic production. Glass and ceramics. М, №1, pp.15-19.
Nanomineralogy. (2005). Saint-Pt, "Science". 377 p.
Библиографическая ссылка на эту работу:
Grevtsev V.A., Gorbachev B.F., Lygina A.M., Gubajdullina A.M.Morphological and structural features of kaolinites of some deposits of kaolines // Глины, глинистые минералы, слоистые материалы - CMLM2009 - М.: Издатель И.В. Балабанов, 2009, C.262
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