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Bergström, G., & Boréus, K. (2012). Textens mening och makt Metodbok i
samhällsvetenskaplig text- och diskursanalys (3., [utök.] uppl. ed.). Lund: Studentlitteratur Brannagan, P., & Giulianotti, R. (2018). The soft power–soft disempowerment nexus: the case of Qatar, International Affairs, 94 (5), pp. 1139– 1157.
Griffin, Thomas. (2017). Football in the hands of the other: Qatar's World Cup in the British broadsheet press. Arab World Geographer. 20, 170-182.
Griffin, T. (2019). National identity, social legacy and Qatar 2022: The cultural ramifications of FIFA's first Arab World Cup. Soccer and Society, 20(7-8), 1000-1013.
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International Relations, 16(4), 572-596.
Murray, S. (2012). The Two Halves of Sports-Diplomacy. Diplomacy and Statecraft, 23(3), 576–592.
Nye, J. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. New York, N.Y.: Public Affairs.
Nye, J. (2008). Public Diplomacy and Soft Power. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1), 94-109.
Ronay, Barney. (2022, 8 oktober). Football corruption and the remarkable road to Qatar’s world cup. The Guardian. Hämtad 2022-11-29,
https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/oct/08/football-corruption-and-the-remarkable- road-to-qatar-world-cup
Skey, M. (2022). Sportswashing: Media headline or analytic concept? International Review 2022.
Styrman, Agneta. (2022a, 18 augusti) Qatar – Äldre historia. Utrikespolitisk Institutet.
Hämtad 2022-12-19 från: https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och- omraden/asien/qatar/aldre-historia/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022b, 30 november). Qatar – Naturtillgångar, energi och miljö.
Utrikespolitiska Institutet. Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och- omraden/asien/qatar/naturtillgangar-och-energi/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022c, 22 november). Qatar – Ekonomisk översikt. Utrikespolitiska Institutet. Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-
omraden/asien/qatar/oversikt/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022d, 14 juli). Qatar – Befolkning och språk. Utrikespolitiska Institutet.
Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och- omraden/asien/qatar/befolkning-och-sprak/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022e, 24 augusti) Qatar – Sociala förhållanden. Utrikespolitiska institutet. Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-
omraden/asien/qatar/sociala-forhallanden2/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022f, 20 oktober). Qatar – Demokrati och rättigheter. Utrikespolitiska institutet. Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-
omraden/asien/qatar/demokrati-och-rattigheter/
Styrman, Agneta. (2022g, 15 december). Qatar – Utrikespolitik och försvar. Utrikespolitiska Institutet. Hämtad 2022-12-20, https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-
omraden/asien/qatar/utrikespolitik-och-forsvar/
Søyland, H. S., & Moriconi, M. (2022). Qatar’s multi-actors sports strategy: Diplomacy, critics and legitimisation. International Area Studies Review, 25(4), 354–374.
Yglesias, M., & Stromberg, J. (2015, 3 juni). FIFA’s huge corruption and bribery scandal, explained. Vox. Hämtad 2022-12-19, https://www.vox.com/2015/5/27/8665577/fifa-arrests- indictment
Empiriskt material Qatarisk media
Mohammad, A. (2022, 20 november). FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.. a bridge of love between the East and the West. The Peninsula. Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/opinion/22/11/2022/fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-a-bridge-of- love-between-the-east-and-the-west
Brownsell, J. (2022, 19 november). Beer, sports men: Inside the ‘Holy Trinity’ of alcohol marketing. Al Jazeera. Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2022/11/19/beer-sport-men-inside-the-holy-trinity-of- marketing
QNA (2022a, 21 oktober). 30 days ahead of FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022: Qatar turned dream into reality, carrying a message of peace. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf- times.com/story/727341/30-Days-ahead-of-FIFA-World-Cup-Qatar-2022-Qatar-turned- dream-into-reality-carrying-a-message-of-peace
QNA (2022b, 26 oktober). On ‘UN Day’” Qatar reaffirms commitments to multi-lateral action to achieve UN goals. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.qatar- tribune.com/article/27313/front/on-un-day-qatar-reaffirms-commitment-to-multi-lateral- action-to-achieve-un-goals
QNA (2022c, 12 november). Al Bayt stadium: Architectural masterpiece reflects Arab hospitality. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.qatar-
tribune.com/article/30496/qatar2022/al-bayt-stadium-architectural-masterpiece-reflects-arab- hospitality-achieves-sustainability-goals
QNA (2022d, 21 oktober). Qatar responds to skeptics with hard work as it bids to host exceptional world cup. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf-
times.com/story/727361/Qatar-responds-to-sceptics-with-hard-work-as-it-bids-to-host- exceptional-World-Cup
QNA (2022e, 6 november). Qatar responds to sceptics with hard work as it bids to host exceptional world cup. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-15, https://www.gulf-
times.com/story/727361/Qatar-responds-to-sceptics-with-hard-work-as-it-bids-to-host- exceptional-World-Cup
Sadiki, L. (2022, 18 november). The Qatar world cup is about to shatter colonial myths. Al Jazeera. Hämtad 2023-02-09, https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/11/18/qatar-2022- world-cup-football-colonial
Tawalbeh, K. (2022, 1 november). Qatar silences critics with landmark reforms. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-06, https://www.qatar-tribune.com/article/28443/nation/qatar-silences- critics-with-landmark-reforms
The Peninsula (2022, 10 november). The most sustainable world cup. The Peninsula. Hämtad 2023-02-07 från: https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/editorial/10/11/2022/most-sustainable-world- cup
Tribune news network (2022, 19 november). Working conditions in Qatar better than those faced by immigrants in Europe: Infantino. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07 från:
https://www.qatar-tribune.com/article/32368/qatar2022/working-conditions-in-qatar-better- than-those-faced-by-immigrants-in-europe-infantino
Svensk media
Ahlström, K. (2022, 18 november). Qatar gör fotbolls-VM mer relevant än någonsin. Dagens Nyheter. s. 9.
Bank, S. (2022, 20 november). Det här är det VM vi förtjänar. Aftonbladet. s. 2.
Esk. J. (2022, 13 november). Vad säger framtiden om oss alibijournalister. Dagens Nyheter. s.
33
Dagens Nyheter (2022, 20 november). Ledare: VM i Qatar är destillerad cynism i skenhelig förpackning. Dagens Nyheter. s. 2.
Lindblad, A. (2022, 18 november). Dags för ett VM som aldrig borde ha fått äga rum.
Svenska Dagbladet. s. 2.
Persson, I. (2022, 18 november). VM i Qatar blir en skam för idrotten. Aftonbladet. Hämtad 2023-02-15, https://www.aftonbladet.se/ledare/a/zEO90K/vm-i-qatar-blir-en-skam-for- idrotten
Appendix
Samtliga artiklar som analyserats
Qatarisk media
Al Jazeera (2022, 4 november.). Qatar official slams “hypocrisy” of World cup criticism. Al Jazeera. Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/4/football-for-everyone-says-qatar-minister-to- world-cup-critics
Brownsell, J. (2022, 19 november). Beer, sports men: Inside the ‘Holy Trinity’ of alcohol marketing. Al Jazeera. Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2022/11/19/beer-sport-men-inside-the-holy-trinity-of- marketing
Gulf Times (2022, 16 november). Allegations of using migrant workers to pose as fans are baseless: al – Khater. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf-
times.com/article/650162/qatar/allegations-of-using-migrant-workers-to-pose-as-fans-are- baseless-al-khater
Mahka, Tafi (2022, 14 november). World cup: Africa knows Qatar’s pain and joy. Al Jazeera.
Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/11/14/world-cup-africa-knows-qatars-pain-and-joy
Mohammad, A. (2022, 20 november). FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.. a bridge of love between the East and the West. The Peninsula. Hämtad 2023-02-07,
https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/opinion/22/11/2022/fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-a-bridge-of- love-between-the-east-and-the-west
QNA (2022, 27 oktober). International praise for FIFA Wold Cup Qatar preparations. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf-times.com/story/727675/International-praise- for-FIFA-World-Cup-Qatar-preparations
QNA (2022a, 21 oktober). 30 days ahead of FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022: Qatar turned dream into reality, carrying a message of peace. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf-
times.com/story/727341/30-Days-ahead-of-FIFA-World-Cup-Qatar-2022-Qatar-turned- dream-into-reality-carrying-a-message-of-peace
QNA (2022b, 26 oktober). On ‘UN Day’” Qatar reaffirms commitments to multi-lateral action to achieve UN goals. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.qatar- tribune.com/article/27313/front/on-un-day-qatar-reaffirms-commitment-to-multi-lateral- action-to-achieve-un-goals
QNA (2022c, 12 november). Al Bayt stadium: Architectural masterpiece reflects Arab hospitality. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.qatar-
tribune.com/article/30496/qatar2022/al-bayt-stadium-architectural-masterpiece-reflects-arab- hospitality-achieves-sustainability-goals
QNA (2022d, 21 oktober). Qatar responds to skeptics with hard work as it bids to host exceptional world cup. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-07, https://www.gulf-
times.com/story/727361/Qatar-responds-to-sceptics-with-hard-work-as-it-bids-to-host- exceptional-World-Cup
QNA. (2022e, 6 november). Qatar responds to sceptics with hard work as it bids to host exceptional world cup. Gulf Times. Hämtad 2023-02-15, https://www.gulf-
times.com/story/727361/Qatar-responds-to-sceptics-with-hard-work-as-it-bids-to-host- exceptional-World-Cup
Sadiki, L. (2022, 18 november). The Qatar world cup is about to shatter colonial myths. Al Jazeera. Hämtad 2023-02-09, https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/11/18/qatar-2022- world-cup-football-colonial
Tawalbeh, K. (2022, 1 november). Qatar silences critics with landmark reforms. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-06, https://www.qatar-tribune.com/article/28443/nation/qatar-silences- critics-with-landmark-reforms
The Peninsula (2022, 10 november). The most sustainable world cup. The Peninsula. Hämtad 2023-02-07 från: https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/editorial/10/11/2022/most-sustainable-world- cup
Tribune news network (2022, 19 november). Working conditions in Qatar better than those faced by immigrants in Europe: Infantino. Qatar Tribune. Hämtad 2023-02-07 från:
https://www.qatar-tribune.com/article/32368/qatar2022/working-conditions-in-qatar-better- than-those-faced-by-immigrants-in-europe-infantino
Totalt: 15 artiklar Svensk media
Ahlström, K. (2022, 18 november). Qatar gör fotbolls-VM mer relevant än någonsin. Dagens Nyheter. s. 9.
Bank, S. (2022, 20 november). Det här är det VM vi förtjänar. Aftonbladet. s. 2.
Bank, S. (2022, 17 november). Västs kritik mot Qatar ett hyckleri. Aftonbladet. Hämtad 2023- 02-15, https://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotboll/a/BWx6me/fotbolls-vm-2022-vasts- kritik-mot-qatar-ett-hyckleri-av-simon-bank
Bouvin, E. (2022, 19 nov.) Vem bryr sig om fakta? Alla vet att muslimska diktaturer är värst.
Dagens Nyheter. s. 24
Esk. J. (2022, 13 november). Vad säger framtiden om oss alibijournalister. Dagens Nyheter. s.
33
Dagens Nyheter (2022, 20 november). Ledare: VM i Qatar är destillerad cynism i skenhelig förpackning. Dagens Nyheter. s. 2.
Lindblad, A. (2022, 18 november). Dags för ett VM som aldrig borde ha fått äga rum.
Svenska Dagbladet. s. 2.
Lindblad, A. (2022, 20 november.) Desperation för att rättfärdiga valet av Qatar. Svenska Dagbladet. s. 41.
Persson, I. (2022, 18 november). VM i Qatar blir en skam för idrotten. Aftonbladet. Hämtad 2023-02-15, https://www.aftonbladet.se/ledare/a/zEO90K/vm-i-qatar-blir-en-skam-for- idrotten
Totalt: 9 artiklar
Artikelfrekvens Qatarisk media (OBS! endast Qatar Tribune och Gulf Times) 20 oktober – 20 november
Artikelfrekvens svensk media (DN, SvD och Aftonbladet) 20 oktober – 20 november.
Totalt antal artiklar publicerade: