L ESSON 19
LESSON 34 OPTIONAL) CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
1. NO PRESENT FORM 2. PAST FORM
UNCOMMON
3. You might not want to eat the cheese cake. It’s very calorific.
could
request
Might I have something to drink?
Might I borrow the stapler?
Requests usually refer to the near future.
NEGATIVE FORMS UNCOMMON
could, may, can
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UNIT 4. NATURE. THE WEATHER. THE ENVIRONMENT
ESSON 36
6. Read the title of the text and look at the picture of Pompeii below. Answer the questions and do the tasks.
1. What might ‘THE UNWELCOME NEIGHBOUR’ refer to?
2. Why do you think scientists believe the eruption might have happened during the day time?
3. Find the modals in the text and explain their meaning.
An Unwelcome Neighbour After many quiet centuries, Vesuvius
awoke at around noon on 24th August AD 79. At different times during the previous months there were usual signs of the forthcoming eruption and so the locals must have known that something terrible was going to happen. It is a scientific assumption that the first eruption must have happened around 1 o’clock as the marketplace was
full of dead bodies. Others think that the town’s inhabitants may have been expecting the danger but hadn’t realised it would happen so quickly. From excavations of Pompeii and evidence found, it is obvious that the people can’t have made any preparations to protect themselves from the flowing lava and burning ash. With some planning, many people could have escaped the inferno.
The local authorities should have had plans ready for the evacuation of the town but they didn’t pay attention to the danger. What is certain is that it all must have happened so quickly that 2,000 people couldn’t have predicted that day would turn into night in a matter of seconds.
7. Project work.
Search the Internet and find information about the weather in Britain at different times of the year – especially extreme weather. Talk about what you have discovered in class. Make relevant comparisons with Ukrainian weather patterns.
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UNIT 4. NATURE. THE WEATHER. THE ENVIRONMENT
ESSON 37
LESSON 37
1. Listen to the dialogues and write down all the modals you hear. Then identify their meaning. Make up
similar dialogues and act them out with your partner.
a) A: Where will you go for vacation?
B: We might go to Paris.
A: That’s a great city.
B: Or we might go to Canada.
A: That’s a great country.
B: We really can’t decide.
b) A: Where’s Maria?
B: She’s not here.
A: She’s always here.
B: She must be sick.
A: She’s not sick. She’s never sick.
B: Then, she must be stuck in traffic.
c) A: Has anyone seen my safety glasses?
B: I haven’t seen them. Could you have left them by the coffee machine?
A: No, I looked there. I must have left them home.
B: That’s all right. I have an extra pair. You’re welcome to borrow them.
A: Thanks very much. I’ll return them to you after my shift.
B: That’s okay. I don’t need them today.
2. Read the text and choose the correct item. Write down all the words that relate to the topic œNatural disastersB.
The Solomon Islands were rattled by a 6.9 magnitude earthquake on Saturday, a day after hundreds of people along the coast fled into the hills following a 7.8 magnitude tremor.
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UNIT 4. NATURE. THE WEATHER. THE ENVIRONMENT
ESSON 37
The latest quake initially triggered a fresh tsunami warning for the Solomons but that was lifted by authorities a short time later. No deaths were reported.
There were reports of damage to homes in remote areas, potentially affecting hundreds of people, but Suzy Sainovski, World Vision’s Pacific Timor- Leste spokeswoman, said it had been hard to get a full assessment from some more remote communities that did not have mobile phone coverage.
“There are some initial reports that 3,000 people have been affected,”
Sainovski said. “Some of these are traditional houses that are on stilts, and made with vegetation.”
The quake struck near the island of Makira. Sainovski said in the town of Kirakira on the island, the quake damaged a hospital, a church and other buildings including the World Vision office. She said 20 people were evacuated from a hospital. She said the quake had caused some power failures throughout the country.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said the quake happened 10 km deep (six miles).
Micha Maghe, World Vision’s water sanitation and health project coordinator in Kirakira, said the quake had been terrifying.
“When I got outside I could hear children crying, people shouting,” she said in a statement. “We assembled at a school and I saw people moving towards high ground … People just panicked and were frightened.”
Sainovski said there continued to be a number of aftershocks and power cuts.
The Solomon Islands have been hit by a series of aftershocks since Friday’s initial major quake that struck 130 km (80 miles) from the capital, Honiara.
That first powerful quake in the early hours of Friday triggered a series of tsunami alerts across the region, sending hundreds of people in the Solomons scrambling to higher ground.
Hundreds of people in southern Makira province, closest to the epicentre, spent Friday night in the hills.
1. The tremor with 6.9 magnitude on the Richter scale was _____ in a serious of earthquakes on Solomon Islands.
a. the first b. the second c. the last
2. The damage that the earthquake made to people was felt by ____ people.
a. 100 b. 3000 c. 20 d. no precise
number of 3. The capital of the Solomon Islands is _____.
a. Makira b. Honiara c. Micha Maghe d. Kirakira 4. The earthquake caused tsunami on Solomon Islands.
a. true b. false
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UNIT 4. NATURE. THE WEATHER. THE ENVIRONMENT
ESSON 37
5. The people had to rescue themselves from earthquake tremors and tsunami by hiding _____.
a. under the ground b. on hilly areas c. in hospitals d. in remote areas Focus on Grammar
Modal Verbs MAY
“May” is most commonly used to express possibility. It can also be used to give or request permission.
Examples:
Cheryl may be at home, or perhaps at work. – possibility
Johnny, you may leave the table when you have finished your dinner. – give permission
May I use your bathroom? – request permission
Mea- ning
Affirmative Forms 1. = Present 2. = Past
3. = Future
Negative Forms 1. = Present 2. = Past
3. = Future
Also use:
possibility
1. Jack may be upset. I can’t really tell if he is annoyed or tired.
2. Jack may have been upset.
I couldn’t really tell if he was annoyed or tired.
3. Jack may get upset if you don’t tell him the truth.
1. Jack may not be upset.
Perhaps he is tired.
2. Jack may not have been upset. Perhaps he was tired.
3. Jack may not get upset, even if you tell him the truth.
might
give permission
1. You may leave the table now that you’re finished with your dinner.