1º ARTIGO NOTA CIENTÍFICA
2º ARTIGO – ARTIGO ORIGINAL
7. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS E PERSPECTIVAS
Diante do exposto foi claro que a dieta hipoproteica oferecida durante gestação e lactação impõe mudanças no organismo materno desde o nível de consumo dietético até alterações fisio-metabólicas visivelmente quando se estende pela lactação. Porém, no organismo materno, os dados não nos permitem inferir se estes agravos observados são permanentes ou transitórios, e, se temporários, qual o período de reversão dessas alterações.
Na prole, os resultados mostraram que a manutenção da dieta hipoproteica após o desmame diminui o peso e o comprimento do animal, porém, percentualmente, não afeta este crescimento. Por outro lado, os animais “recuperados” se igualam aos animais controle, confirmando a presença do catch-up. Foram observados vários parâmetros semelhantes entre os grupos controle e “recuperado”, que pode ser decorrente da jovem idade em que os animais foram avaliados. A literatura mostra possíveis consequências metabólicas após uma recuperação nutricional em animais desnutridos na vida perinatal. Contudo, estas desordens surgem tardiamente em idades igual ou superior a 180 dias, momento semelhante a um adulto de meia idade. Vale salientar que os animais que mantiveram a dieta hipoproteica apresentam uma maior tolerância à glicose, assim como um menor teor de gordura visceral nos incitando a refletir sobre diversas repercussões que possam advir a este organismo em longo prazo.
Desta forma, os resultados obtidos com a continuidade da dieta hipoproteica até a idade estudada nos permitem concluir a existência de um estado de resposta preditiva- adaptativa nos animais LPP que pode sofrer interferências com o avançar da idade, sendo necessário estudos posteriores para confirmar a permanência ou não deste estado.
Ao término deste trabalho foram levantadas novas hipóteses que levam a continuação deste e de mais estudos nesta temática:
Estudar os efeitos sobre o metabolismo materno e as consequências fisio-metabólicas na prole de mães submetidas à desnutrição proteica desde o período pré-gestacional. Estudar os efeitos da desnutrição proteica em um grupo de animais recém-
desmamados. Desta forma, poderia se estabelecer quais alterações fisio-metabólicas são restritas ao período perinatal;
Estudar a manutenção da dieta materna, inclusive a hipoproteica, por um período além dos 90 dias. Assim, na idade adulta, os animais poderiam, ou não, apresentam alterações fisio-metabólicas decorrentes do insulto no período perinatal;
Estudar outras estruturas corporais, como por exemplo, o hipotálamo dos animais, que poderiam trazer um respaldo aos resultados encontrados;
Realizar o teste de sensibilidade à insulina ao final do experimento, que, associado com o teste de tolerância oral à glicose, poderia demonstrar com mais clareza até que ponto os animais apresentam uma alteração a nível deste hormônio.
Realizar nos grupos teste de tolerância à glicose por via intraperitoneal e análise histológica de segmentos do trato gastrointestinal.
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