• Nenhum resultado encontrado

Specific Energy Characteristics of Nanoporous Carbon Activated by Orthophosphoric Acid

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2016

Share "Specific Energy Characteristics of Nanoporous Carbon Activated by Orthophosphoric Acid"

Copied!
6
0
0

Texto

(1)

і і ,

.І. *, . . ,І. . , . .І

В я ,

. Ш , 57, 76025 - ,

( 02.10.2015; online 24.12.2015)

( ), .

є ,

. ,

’є ,

є 6-20 %.

і : , , ,

є .

PACS numbers: 65.40.Gk, 82.45. – h

*

bogdan_rachiy@ukr.net 1.

(~ 2000 2/ ) ,

.

, ,

,

.

( ),

-

( ),

.

є

-.

-.

є

700 1100°

( , ,

).

-: ,

-є ,

-, 'є ,

( );

( )

-. ’є

є

.

є

-,

.

,

,

[1, 2].

є

(~ 350-800° ) є

( ,

, ). ,

-,

-,

[3].

є

,

.

-, є

(ZnCl)

( 3 4). , ,

,

є [4].

,

-, , [5],

[6], [7] .

,

,

-є .

, є

-,

-, є

,

,

-,

-.

-, ,

’ , є

(2)

2. Е Е Е ’є , ( ). -.

, 5

-10 , .

300° ,

10 ° / .,

30 60 .,

. є

.

-. 8

50 16% 32%

-,

1 : 1 1 : 2.

1-2

-. 100°

24 .

550°

10° / .,

30 / .

-60 .

PH

80° .

(t)

(  300 ° )

( .1). .1

( )

. ,

.

1

t, , % : H3PO4

31 300

30 18 1 : 1

32 300 1 : 2

61 300

60 57 1 : 1

62 300 1 : 2

1 : 1,

-, .

(

’є )

/

(77Κ),

Quantachrome AutosorbNova2200e.

180°

18 . (SBET, 2/ )

-,

-/ 0 0,050…0,035. ’є (Vtotal,

3/ )

-/ 0 ~ 1,0. ’є (Vmicro, 3/ ), -- (Smicro, 2/ )

(Smezo, 2/ ) , t

DFT [8].

Autolab PGSTAT/FRA-12.

:

  :   :    75 : 20 : 5,

– ( KS-15

Lonza), – ’ -4D (

-).

-,

―2525‖,

-. 30 %

. . є ,

1 50 . є

(C ) (R)

-: C

It

2(U U m)  R U 2Ip,

p

I – , tp – , U

-, U

-, m – [9].

є

-. є

,

[10].

sdU / dt.

' є

I C·s, C–є [10], є

є C 2I sm, –

-.

3. Е Ь Е Е Е Х

Е

є

[11].

[11],

900°

є ,

,

є-.

-,

800°

-є 95,6% 2,4%

(3)

є

-. ,

-. ,

-, 300° ,

є 71% , ,

29 % [12].

І / 77

.1.

50 k ( k0, 1, 2, 3, 4).

. 1–І / :

C31—□—, C32—○—, C61——, C62——, —

І , ,

,

-. є

H3 IUPAC є [8].

є

--

є [13].

.2. ’є

-.

( 61, 62) є

’є , є

, є.

є , ’є є

80 % ’є ,

-є .

-( . 2) є,

є

1420 2/ .

-є ’є

≈ 80 % ’є .

є

. 61 62

є 1,7 .

-, 30 ,

( . 2 ).

( 31) є

0,7-0,8 1,4-1,6 ,

2 . є

.2– ’є

-, DFT

2

-SBET,

2/

Smic,

2/

Vt,

3/

Vmic,

3/

Dp, ,

/ 31 880 715 0,43 0,28 1,95 185 32 1270 980 0,66 0,38 2,07 177 61 966 927 0,41 0,36 1,74 175 62 692 615 0,30 0,24 1,76 133 1420 454 1,10 0,21 3,11 108

, 31 ’є є 35% 53%, 61 13 % 20% ( . 3).

. .4

10 ( )

50 ( ). ,

-,  50

(4)

.3– ’є Vt, ’є Vm

.4

10 ( ) 50 ( ) :

C31—□—, C32—○—, C61——, C62——, —

.5– є

: C31—□—,

C32—○—, C61——, C62——, —

є .

є .5.

є

.

, 61 62

є .

є ,

- 2 ( .6.), є

.  50

-є 25%,

,

.

. 6

-є є ,

-’

-, є ,

.

-,

, .

,

-є .

.7

1 / 0

(5)

. 7.

1 / , : C31—□—,

C32—○—, C61——, C62——, —

,

-

-.

є .

,

,

0,2-0,4 , є

-,

-. '

[14].

, ,

є

є [6],

є є

.

4.

300° 30 ,

, є

є 185 / .

1420 2/ , є 108 / .

’ ,

-,

-є є

6-20 %.

,

. . , . . , . . , . .

В я ,

. Ш , 57, 76025 - ,

( ),

-.

, .

-,

, 6-20 %.

: , ,

, .

Specific Energy Characteristics of Nanoporous Carbon Activated by Orthophosphoric Acid

B.I. Rachiy, B.K. Ostafiychuk, I.M. Budzulyak, N.Ya. Ivanichok

Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57, Shevchenko Str., 76000 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

This paper investigated the effect of the amount of phosphoric acid on the structure nanoporous carbon materials (NCM) obtained from raw materials of plant origin. The results voltammetry defined specific ca-pacitance characteristics of NCM and conditions its synthesis with optimal energy parameters established. It is shown that reducing the number of lignin-cellulose materials in precursor volume due to carboniza-tion leads to a decline in specific capacity of NCM approximately 6-20 %.

(6)

Е

1. H. Marsh, E. Heintz, F. Rodriguez-Reinoso, Introduction

to Carbon Technologies (Spain, Alicante: University of

Alicante: 1997).

2. J.-B. Donnet, R.C. Bansal, M.-J. Wang, Carbon Black: Science and Technology, Second Edition, Revised and

Ex-panded (New York: Marcel Dekker: 1993).

3. D. Lozano-Castellóa, D. Cazorla-Amorósa, A. Linares-Solano, S. Shiraishib, H. Kuriharab, A. Oyab, Carbon 41, 1765 (2003).

4. H. Teng, T.-S. Yen, L.-Y. Hsu, Preparation of activated carbon from bituminous coal with phosphoric acid activa-tion (Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan).

5. F. Suarez-Garcia, A. Martinez-Alonso, J.M.D. Tascon, Carbon 39, 1103 (2001).

6. . . , .І. , І.І. , . . ,

Т 9 No 1, 77 (2008) (B.K. Ostafiychuk, B.I. Rachiy, I.I. Budzulyak, O.D. Mahometa, Phys. Chem. Solid State 9

No 1, 77 (2008)).

7. . . , . . , . . , . . , .

А . 7, 144 (2009) (N.V. Sych, V.V. Strelko, N.N. Tsyba, A.M. Puzyy, Dop. NAN Ukraine. 7, 144 (2009)).

8. . , . , А я, я ,

(M : M : 1984) (S. Greg, S. Sing,

Ad-sorbtsiya, udel'naya poverkhnost', poristost' (Moskva: Mir:

1984)).

9. P. Kurzweil, The 12-th International Seminar on “Double Layer Capacitors and Similar Energy Storage Devices”, 18 (USA: Florida: Deerfield Beach: 2004).

10. . . , . . , . . ,

. . , . А , . . 3, 713 (1990) (V.A. Kozlov, L.A. Pogortina, S.Ye. Shilova, S.D. Fedoseyev, Izv. AN SSSR, Ser. Khim.3, 713 (1990)). 11.J. Xua, L. Chena, H. Qua, Y. Jiaoa, J. Xiea, G. Xingb, App.

Surf. Sci. 320, 674 (2014).

12.R. Razuan, Q. Chen, K.N. Finney, N.V. Russell, V.N. Sharifi, J. Swithenbank, Fuel Proc. Tech. 92 No 12, 2219 (2011).

13. . . , А я.

( : . .

: 1999) (A.P. Karnaukhov, Adsorbtsiya.

Tekstura dispersnykh i poristykh materialov (Novosibirsk:

Nauka. Sib. predpriyatiye RAN: 1999)).

Referências

Documentos relacionados

BET Surface Area Plot for activated carbon from COAL/BIOMASS/ AROMATIC TAR STOCK (two step

The optimum conditions for PET-based activated carbon preparation were obtained by using an impregnation ratio of 37.63%, activation temperature of 600ºC, and activation time of

Abstract - The activated carbon produced from olive stones was chemically activated using sulfuric acid, (OS-S), and utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from

In this regard, the main objective of this work is the production of activated carbon from Babassu petiole as raw material employing chemical activation method with

materials were compared with a commercial activated carbon, they presented higher values in several properties (specific surface area and volume of pores), characteristics that

Absorption of Acid Red 18 dye on the activated carbon sunflower stalk modified with magnetic nanoparticles was investigated by examining the contact time to

Toda a vivacidade e movimento da arte minóica, certamente não grega, pois é anterior à vinda dos indo-europeus, vai influenciar a arte helénica mais pictórica, como a que detectamos

Para tanto, o Núcleo de Avaliação da Odontologia (NAO) elaborou instrumentos avaliativos para construção de provas estruturadas (seis questões discursivas, em três