SAMPLE ALLOCATION

Table 1 presents the number of records obtained from the registries for each type of cultural facility, which was the target population considered in the 2018 survey.

TABLE 1

TARGET POPULATION BY TYPE OF CULTURAL FACILITY, BY REGION

Region Archives Heritage

sites

Libraries Cinemas Museums Culture points

Theaters

Center-West 33 41 520 72 241 228 119

Northeast 54 279 1 881 131 666 1 018 230

North 15 21 523 62 147 231 58

Southeast 143 357 1 989 475 1 276 1 068 581

South 65 96 1 298 158 917 330 201

Total 310 794 6 211 898 3 247 2 875 1 189

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ENGLISH

A census approach was used to collect data from archives, heritage sites, museums and theaters in the North region, as well as from heritage sites in the Center-West and South. The other types of facilities were investigated using a sampling approach. The final size of the planned sample by type of cultural facility, already considering possible nonresponse rates throughout the data collection process, is shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

PLANNED SAMPLE BY TYPE OF CULTURAL FACILITY, BY REGION

Region Archives Heritage

sites Libraries Cinemas Museums Culture

points Theaters

Center-West 30 41 274 66 205 154 85

Northeast 39 141 258 104 222 323 229

North 15 21 435 51 147 195 58

Southeast 130 168 207 305 249 258 500

South 59 96 207 104 206 206 156

Total 273 467 1 381 630 1 029 1 136 1 028

DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS

INFORMATION ABOUT THE DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS

The data was collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. It was answered by those responsible for the cultural facilities, preferably someone familiar with the institution’s operation, both its administrative aspects and computer and Internet infrastructure. The questionnaire was the same for all types of cultural facilities and consisted of the modules described below.

Module A investigated the profiles of the institutions, with information of organizational and administrative nature, such as type of cultural facility that best describes the institution, year of establishment, site of operation, legal nature, human resources (paid workers and volunteers), the number of people served in the year of reference (2017), sources of funding and fundraising, and estimated revenue.

Module B examined information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, collecting information about ownership and use of computers and use of the Internet, in addition to reasons for not using these technologies and the contributions of such use, when applicable.

It also contained questions about types of Internet connection, maximum download speeds contracted, presence of a Wi-Fi network, and availability of free public access. Last, it also addressed types of software used and mobile phone use for work-related purposes.

Use of ICT was addressed in Module C, which included activities carried out on the Internet and the presence of institutions on online platforms, such as websites and social networking websites. It also presented specific questions about resources offered on the website, the use of social networking websites and electronic government services. Furthermore, the module investigated more general activities carried out by cultural facilities – including in-person and e-learning and ticket sales or bookings by the public.

ENGLISH

Module D presented issues relative to the ownership, digitization and dissemination of institutional collections, including questions about the types of collections, forms of availability to the public and barriers to digitization, in addition to the availability of collection catalogues for online consultation.

Module E, relative to ICT skills, asked questions about IT management in the institution, including the presence of information technology or informatics areas or departments, hiring of related services, development of websites, those responsible for managing public relationships on social networking websites, team training, and barriers to computer and Internet use.

When the respondents were not able to or refused to answer a specific question on the questionnaire, two options were given: “Does not know” and “Did not answer.” “Does not apply” was indicated as a result in the case of questions that did not apply to a specific group of facilities, which reflected the filters present throughout the questionnaire.

PRETESTS

The questionnaires were pretested between February 15 and 19, 2018, with interviews to 20 cultural facilities, including six libraries, seven museums and seven culture points. Regional diversity was taken into account, with seven institutions in the Center-West, three in the Northeast, four in the North, four in the Southeast, and two in the South. The questionnaire was administered in electronic format and lasted an average of 35 minutes.

CHANGES TO THE DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT

To improve the data collection instrument in relation to the first edition of the survey, various revisions and adjustments were made to the questionnaire. To improve the understanding of respondents, the headings of some questions and answer options were standardized and simplified. Furthermore, new questions and answer options were included, while others were excluded to avoid expanding the questionnaire administration process. All revisions were conducted in order to maximize the possibility of comparison of the survey’s main indicators throughout its historical series.

In Module A, on the profiles of the facilities, a question about the year of establishment of the institutions was included. Regarding audiences, a question was included about the approximate number of people served in the year of reference, and another about the type of audiences served was excluded. Moreover, answer options regarding sources of funding were reviewed and a question about funding via tax incentives was added. Last, to identify the profiles of heritage sites in particular, specific questions were included about the possibility of conducting guided tours and of visitors obtaining historical information at the sites of operations of the institutions.

In Module B, which addresses ICT infrastructure, the answer options for questions about reasons for not using computers and the Internet were reviewed, as were the headings and answer options about the levels of contributions provided to the institutions by the use of computers and the Internet. New questions about the availability of computers for public use and the purpose of the software used by the institutions were also included.

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ENGLISH

In Module C, regarding the use of ICT, the headings of questions relative to the presence of websites and the use of social networking websites were reviewed, as were the answer options regarding the resources offered on websites, and activities carried out on social networking websites. Answer options about the types of activities carried out on the Internet, types of electronic government activities – including a new option – and more general activities carried out by the institutions were also reviewed, as well as the question about online ticket sales and booking. Also regarding Internet use, questions about the frequency of updates on social networking websites and answer options relative to the presence and editing of content in Wikipedia articles were excluded.

In Module D, among the questions about collections and digitization in cultural facilities, a battery of answer options regarding types of collections and regarding forms of availability of digital materials to the public were reviewed, as well as a question about barriers to archive digitization. Still regarding this theme, the survey began investigating whether cultural facilities provided online access to collection catalogues.

In Module E, relative to ICT skills, the most important changes were the inclusion of questions about those responsible for managing public relationships on social networking websites, and the exclusion of a question that identifies the developers of the institutions’ application.

INTERVIEWER TRAINING

The interviews were conducted by a team of trained and supervised interviewers. They underwent basic research training; organizational training; ongoing improvement training; and refresher training. Furthermore, they also underwent specific training for the ICT in Culture 2018 survey, which included how to approach the responding audience, and information about the data collection instrument, field procedures and situations.

Furthermore, the data collection team also had access to the survey’s instruction manual, which contains a description of all the necessary procedures to collect data and details about the survey objectives and methodology, thus ensuring the standardization and quality of the work.

Data collection was carried out by 33 interviewers and one field supervisor.