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Efeito da utilização de substâncias inibidoras de metaloproteinases e de tipos de envelhecimento na resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta

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Apresentação gráfica e normalização de acordo com:

Alvarez S, Coelho DCAG, Couto RAO, Durante APM. Guia prático para Normalização de Trabalhos Acadêmicos da FOSJC. São José dos Campos: FOSJC/UNESP; 2010.

P424e Perote, Letícia Carvalho Coutinho Costa

Efeito da utilização de substâncias inibidoras de metaloproteinases e de tipos de envelhecimento na resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta / Letícia Carvalho Coutinho Costa Perote. - São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2012.

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Dissertação (Mestrado em Odontologia Restauradora) – Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, 2012.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Cesar Rogério Pucci.

1. Resina composta. 2. Metaloproteinases da matriz. 3. Envelhecimento. 4. Resistência à tração I. Pucci, Cesar Rogério. II. Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista. III. Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”. IV. UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista. V. Título

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Ficha catalográfica elaborada pelo Serviço Técnico de Biblioteca e Documentação da Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos – UNESP

AUTORIZAÇÃO

Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, desde que citada a fonte.

São José dos Campos, 14 de Agosto de 2012 . Assinatura :

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