AES BI OFLUX
Ad va n ce s in En vir on m e n t a l Scie n ce s -
I n t e r n a t ion a l Jou r n a l of t h e Bioflu x Socie t y
Fir st r e cor d of
Sa ga pe do
( Or t h opt e ra ,
Te t t igoniida e ) in Su ce a v a Cou n t y w it h n ot e s on
it s dist r ibu t ion in Ea st e r n Rom a n ia
1
Em ilian Pricop,
2Bogdan- Mihai Negrea,
1I rinel E. Popescu,
and
3I onu
ţ Ştefan Iorgu
1 Alexandru I oan Cuza University, Facult y of Biology, I aşi, Rom ania; 2 Şt efan cel Mare
University, Facult y of Forest ry, Suceava, Rom ania; 3 Grigore Ant ipa National Museum of
Nat ural Hist ory, Bucharest , Rom ania. Corresponding aut hor: E. Pricop, pricopem [email protected]
Abst r a ct. The predat ory bush- cricket Saga pedo Pallas, 1771 is m ent ioned for t he first t im e from
“Fâneţele Seculare Ponoare” Bosanci Nat ural Reserve, locat ed few kilom et ers sout h of Suceava cit y, Suceava count y ( Rom ania) . The general dist ribut ion of t his species in east ern Rom ania is also discussed in t his paper.
Ke y W or ds: Saga pedo, first record, Suceava count y, distribution.
I n t r odu ct ion. Genus Saga Charpentier com prises 13 species dist ribut ed in Cent ral and Sout hern Eur ope, Asia Minor and West ern Asia (Eades et al 2012) . The species Saga pedo Pallas, 1771 is considered t o be one of t he biggest predat ory insect s in Europe. The
species is xero- t herm ophilous and praticolous, with a Pont o- Mediterranean dist ribution of paleogeic origin ( Krištín & Kaňuch 2007) .
This is t he first record of t he species S. pedo in “Fâneţele Seculare Ponoare” Bosanci Nat ural Reserve, near Suceava cit y, Suceava count y ( Rom ania) . This is t he nort hern m ost known point of species dist ribution in Rom ania. I n t his paper, in addition t o habit us im ages and t he nat ural habit at where t he species was found, we also present t he regional dist ribution in East ern Rom ania. No m ore t han a m odest cont ribution t o t he knowledge of t his rare and prot ect ed species. The im port ance of “Fâneţele Seculare
Ponoare” Bosanci Nat ural Reserve ( 47 033’N 26 016’E, 300- 400m alt it ude, surface 24ha) is also due t o t he presence of t hree endangered plant species, at t he European level:
Cram be t at aria, Echium russicum and Ligularia sibirica ( Sârbu et al 2007). Several of t he present plant species are included on t he Rom anian red list : Adonis v olgensis, Carex diandra, Cent aurea m arschalliana, Cim icifuga europea, Cirsium decussat um , Dact y lorrhiza incarnat a, Diant hus capit at us, Dict am nus albus, Gy m nadenia conopsea, Gy m nadenia odorat issim a, I ris aphy lla ssp. hungarica, Lat hy rus pannonicus, Meny ant hes t rifoliat a, Orchis lax iflora ssp. elegans, O. ust ulat a, Pulsat illa grandis, P. pat ens, Salix rosm arinifolia, Serrat ula w olffii, Trolius europaeus, Verat rum nigrum . Plant com m unities
are edified m ainly by Fest uca spp., t ypical for t he st eppic veget ation.
M a t e r ial a n d Me t h od. A fem ale specim en of S. pedo has been collected by t he first aut hor in august 2010 wit h an ent om ological net on t he st eppic veget ation from Fanet ele Seculare Ponoare- Bosanci Reserve. The species was accident ally collect ed during a fieldt rip in order t o collect and st udy parasitic m icro- hym enopt era, especially Mym aridae ( Hym enopt era, Chalcidoidea) .
collected by t he first aut hor at Ponoare- Bosanci Reserve and som e individuals earlier collected by last aut hor, all t he ot her specim ens capt ured were phot ographed and released int o t he wild. Specim ens are in aut hors’ personal collections.
Re su lt s an d D iscussion. The species S. pedo is part of: Order Ort hopt era, Suborder
Ensifera, Fam ily Tet tigoniidae, Subfam ily Saginae, Saga pedo Pallas, 1771 ( syn. Gry llus pedo Pallas, 1771; Locust a serrat a Fabricius, 1798; Saga serrat a Charpent ier, 1825).
Mat erial: 1 ♀, 17.08.2010, Ponoare Bosanci, Suceava count y ( leg. E. Pricop & B. M. Negrea) .
Additional m at erial: 2 ♀♀, 27.06.2001, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (leg. I. Ş.
I orgu) ; 16 ♀♀, 05.06.2003, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 3 ♀♀, 22.07.2004, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (leg. I. Ş. Iorgu); 1 ♀, 25.08.2004, Paşcani, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 1 ♀, 11.06.2005, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (leg. E. Pricop); 1 ♀, 22.06.2005, Oancea, Galaţi
count y (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 3 ♀♀, 10.08.2005, Hagieni, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 2 ♀, 07.09.2005, Cheile Dobrogei,
Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 11 ♀♀, 28.07.2006, Valea lui
David, Iaşi county (leg. I. Ş. Iorgu); 1 ♀, 31.07.2006, Măcin, Tulcea county (leg. I. Ş.
I orgu) ; 1 ♀, 01.08.2006, Greci, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 4
♀♀, 11.05.2007, Gura Dobrogei, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 27.07.2007, Codru, Tulcea count y ( observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 13.05.2008, Codru, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 7 ♀♀, 14.05.2008, Gura Dobrogei, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu,
not collect ed) ; 1 ♀, 16.05.2008, Dumbrăveni, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu,
not collect ed) ; 1 ♀, 28.06.2008, Bârnova, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 5 ♀♀, 27.07.2008, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 12.08.2008, Hagieni, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 13.08.2008, Babadag, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 13.08.2008, Visterna, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 2 ♀♀, 13.08.2008, Codru, Tulcea count y ( observat ion I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 14.08.2008, Tulcea, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 14.08.2008, Atmagea, Tulcea county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 1 ♀, 14.08.2008, Horia, Tulcea count y ( observat ion I. Ş. Iorgu, not collect ed) ; 1 ♀, 15.08.2008, Hanu Conachi, Galaţi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 2
♀♀, 04.09.2008, Valea lui David, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 1 ♀,
30.09.2008, Mârzeşti, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collect ed) ; 1 ♀,
30.09.2008, Horleşti, Iaşi county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 2 ♀♀,
01.05.2009, GuraDobrogei, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not collected); 15
♀♀, 09.06.2009, GuraDobrogei, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu, not
collected) ; 9 ♀♀, 02.06.2010, GuraDobrogei, Constanţa county (observation I. Ş. Iorgu,
not collect ed) ; 2 ♀♀, 05.06.2010, Agigea, Constanţa count y ( observat ion E. Pricop, not collected) ; 3♀♀, Valea lui David, coll. Laborat ory of Ent om ology, Facult y of Biology, “ Al.
I. Cuza” University of Iaşi; 1♀, Valea lui David, coll. Natural History Museum of Iaşi. Description: ♀ body: 59- 112 m m . The specim en collect ed from Ponoare Bosanci m easures 9.7 cm , t he oviposit or from base t o tip is about 3.7 cm ( Figure 1) . Subgenit al plat e in t he fem ale t riangular wit h a sm all incision in t he apex. Tegm inae of t he m ales very short , reduced t o st ridulat ory organs. I n cont rast , t he fem ales do not have t egm inae. Very long oviposit or, denticulat e in the apical region. Ant erior and m edian t ibiae and fem urs wit h spurs on t he vent ral part s. Few m ales are known.
The species is xerot herm ophilous–pratinicolous, wit h a Pont om edit erranean dist ribut ion of paleogeic origin; in Europe it is critically endangered (Nagy et al 1983; Berg & Zuna- Krat ky 1997; Krištín 2001; Kenyeres et al 2002) .
a b
c d
e
f g
h
Figure 1. Saga pedo and som e specific nat ural habit ats in Moldavia and Dobrogea:
a, c - adult specim en capt ured from Ponoare - Bosanci Reserve, wit h t he t axonom ic feat ure of fore- t ibia; b - larva on Ephedra dist achya in Agigea Reserve; d, f - “ Fanet ele Seculare Ponoare” – Bosanci; e - dist ribution m ap of t he species in
All Saga species are com plet ely carnivorous, preferring t o eat bush- cricket s and
grasshoppers. The legs are adapt ed for holding prey, being fitt ed wit h rows of st rong spines along inside and out side lower edges of fem ur and t ibia. I t is a m at riarchal species reproducing part henogenet ically. Eggs are laid in lat e sum m er, plant ed deep in t he soil using t he long sabre-like oviposit or. Fem ale spawns only a few eggs in soil and fixes t hem at different dept h; t he spawn is diurnal and will end in aut um n. The hat ched larvae t ransit 9 phases of evolution. Males are known but quot ations are ext rem ely rare: recent ly one m ale was found in Swit zerland (Baur et al 2006) . Rare cases of hybridization bet ween S. pedo and S. ram m ei Kaltenbach have been recently discussed ( Lem
onnier-Darcem ont & onnier-Darcem ont 2007) . Several parasitoids are report ed t o at t ack Ort hopt era eggs ( Pricop 2009) .
S. pedo reaches m at urit y before ot her ort hopt eroids, preying ext ensively on t hem . I n t he East ern part of Rom ania we found adult s from early July up t o Sept em ber. This species is usually at t he t op of t rophic pyram ids and its abundance is lim it ed by t he availabilit y of suit able prey and well- preserved, nat ural or sem i- nat ural habit at s. S. pedo
is endangered cert ainly by insecticides and habit at dest ruction by int ensified agricult ure. Few species are it s nat ural enem ies.
I n Rom ania it is very rare and localized. I t prefers st eppic xerophilous and m eso-xerophilous lawns, wit h t all herbaceous veget ation; som et im es it can be seen on bushes ( I orgu & I orgu 2008) . Olm o i Vidal ( 2002) m ent ions it also in siliceous rockrose scrub, heat h and bram bles. I t has been found from 5- 7 m a.s.l. at Agigea ( Const anţa count y, Rom ania) up t o 1065 m a.s.l. at El Mascar ( Tort os, Spain) (Olm o i Vidal 2002) but it can go higher. This species point s out t he good condition of t he st eppic habit at ( Báldi & Kisbenedek 1997) . We consider t hat t he habit at loss is an im port ant lim it ation fact or for
S. pedo, m ost steppe habit at s are cultivat ed: t he agricult ural land represent s nowadays 62% of t he t ot al surface of Rom ania (Pet rescu & Pet rescu- Mag 2010) .
S. pedo is prot ect ed, locat ed on t he Annex I V of t he E. C. Habit at s Directive and
Annex I I of Bern Convent ion ( 1993) , considered vulnerable by I UCN com m ission which included it in t he prot ect ed species list since 2000 ( I UCN, ht t p: / / www.iucnredlist.org) and DCE: 92/ 43/ EEC from 21.05.1992 ( ht t p: / / eur- lex.europa.eu/ ) ( Baillie et al 2004; Török et al 2006; Lupu 2007) .
Ge n e r al dist r ibu t ion. Palaearctica ( Europe and Asia) and Nearctica ( int roduced only in
Michigan, USA) : Arm enia, Aust ria, Azerbaij an, Bulgaria, China, The Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germ any, Hungary, I t aly, Kazakhst an, Kyrgyzst an, Port ugal, Republic of Moldova, Rom ania, Russia, Serbia and Mont enegro, Slovakia, Spain, Swit zerland, Tajikist an, Turkey, Turkm enist an, Ukraine, Uzbekist an and SUA - Michigan ( Nagy et al 1983; Cant rall 1972; Eades et al 2011) .
I n t he past , Saga pedo was report ed in Rom ania by various researchers. Lupu
( 2009) sum m arizes som e of t he dat a available from literat ure: Knecht el & Popovici-Bîznoşanu ( 1959) recorded t his species near Turda, Zalău (Cluj county), Horoslar,
Murfat lar, Techirghiol ( Const ant a county), Pricopan (Măcin Mount ains, Tulcea count y) and Racosu de Jos ( Brasov count y) ; Kis found it in Danube Delt a ( 1993) ; Rákosy & Wieser
(2000) in Măcin Mountains; Kiss et al (2004) in Tulcea zone. Mîndru ( 1980) m ent ions t his
species from Fâneţele Seculare de la Valea lui David, Iaşi. Recently, the species is also nom inat ed in t he Red List of plant s and anim als from t he Danube Delt a Biosphere Reserve ( Lup 2003) and in the Red list of wild species of flora and fauna from Măcin
Mount ains National Park ( Rákosy & Wieser 2000) . Lupu ( 2009) also m entions t his species from DealurileTulcei - Dobrogea.
I n t he East ern part of Rom ania, S. pedo is com m oner in Dobrogea t han in
Moldavia according t o recent knowlegde of dist ribution: Paşcani, Valea lui David
( Zam firescu et al 2007), Horleşti, Mârzeşti, Bârnova (Iasi county), Oancea, Hanul
Conachi ( Galati count y) (I orgu & I orgu 2008; I orgu 2009) ; from t he border area Rom ania – Republic of Moldova ( Popescu & Davideanu 2009) ; from Dealul lui Dum nezeu - I aşi ( Zam firescu et al 2009); Ponoare- Bosanci ( Suceava count y) ( t his paper) ; General
Babadag, Visterna (Tulcea county), Hagieni, Dumbrăveni, Gura Dobrogei, Cheile
Dobrogei ( Const ant a count y) ( I orgu 2009) , Agigea ( Const ant a count y) ( t his paper) . Rarer t han S. pedo, in Rom ania also lives S. cam pbelligracilis Kis, known only
from t he surroundings of Hist ria ( I orgu et al 2008; I orgu 2009; Lupu 2009; Păiş, 2010).
The m ain difference bet ween t hese t wo species is t he prom inent t ym panal area on t he fore- t ibiae in fem ales of S. pedo, wider com pared wit h S. cam pbelli.
Con clusion s. The presence of Saga pedo in “Fâneţele Seculare Ponoare” Bosanci area is due t o t he good st at e of t his nat ural reserve, no m aj or t hreat s were det ect ed; it will be a good fut ure refuge for t his species.
Due t o environm ent al change of recent years, we can say t hat S. pedo species is
expanding its areal. I t is advant aged by a hot and dry clim at e, specific t o Sarm atic and Pont o- sarm at ic st eppes. I n t he last 2- 3 years precipit ation regim e in Suceava plat eau dropped under t he m ult iannual average of t he last 30 years ( charact eristical t o bioclim atic regionalization of nort hern Moldavia) , fact t hat advant ages t his species. S. pedo is considered t o be a vulnerable species.
Ack n ow le dge m e n t s. This st udy was support ed by t he following proj ect s:
POSDRU/ 88/ 1.5/ S/ 47646, POSDRU/ 88/ 1.5/ S/ 52946 and POSDRU/ 89/ 1.5/ S/ 63663 co-funded by t he European Social Fund t hrough t he Sect oral Operat ional Program m e - Hum an Resources and Developm ent 2007- 2013.
Re fe r en ce s
Baillie J. E. M., Hilt on- Taylor C., St uart S. N. ( eds) , 2004 I UCN Red List of Threat ened Species. A Global Species Assessm ent . I UCN, Gland, Swit zerland and Cam bridge, UK, 191 pp.
Báldi A., Kisbenedek T., 1997 Ort hopt eran assem blages as indicat ors of grassland nat uralness in Hungary. Agricult ure, Ecosyst em s and Environm ent 66: 121- 129. Baur B., Baur H., Roest i C., Roesti D., Thorens P., 2006 Saut erelles, Grillons et Criquet s
de Suisse. Editions Haupt , Berne, 352 pp.
Berg H.- M., Zuna- Krat ky T., 1997 Heuschrecken und Fangschrecken. Eine Rot e List e der in der Niederösterreich gefährdet en Art en. NÖ Landesregierung, Wien, 112 pp. Cant rall J. I ., 1972 Saga pedo ( Pallas) ( Tettigoniidae: Saginae) , an old world kat ydid,
new t o Michigan. The Great Lakes Ent om ologist 5(3) : 103–106.
Eades D. C., Ot t e D., Cigliano M. M., Braun H., 2011 Ort hopt era Species File Online. Version 2.0/ 4.0. ht t p: / / Ort hopt era. SpeciesFile, htt p: / / osf2.ort hopt era.org
I orgu I . Ş., 2009 Diversitatea ortopterelor (Insecta: Orthoptera) din Estul României şi semnificaţia lor ecologică. PhD Thesis, Iaşi, 438 pp. [ in Rom anian] .
I orgu I . Ş., Iorgu E. I ., 2008 Bush- cricket s, cricket s and grasshoppers from Moldavia ( Rom ania). Pim Publishing House, Iaşi, 294 pp.
I orgu I ., Pisică E., Păiş L., Lupu G., I uşan C., 2008 Checklist of Rom anian ort hopt era ( insect a) and t heir dist ribution by eco- regions. Travaux du Muséum National d’Hist oire Nat urelle «Grigore Ant ipa» 51: 119–135.
Kenyeres Z., Bauer N., Rácz I ., 2002 Saga pedo Pallas dans le bassin des Carpat es,
synt hèse et nouvelles données ( Ort hopt era, Tet tigoniidae) . Bulletin de la Societ e Ent om ologique de France 107: 149–156.
Knecht el W. K., Popovici- Bîznoşanu A., 1959 Ort hopt era. Fauna R.P.R., Academ ia R. P. P. Publishing House, Bucharest , 336 pp.
Kis B., 1993 Originea faunei de ortoptere din Rezervaţia Biosferei Delta Dunării. Analele Ştiinţifice ale Institutului Delta Dunării, pp. 63- 66.
Kiss J. B., Zenat ello M., Szabó L., Marinov M. j r., 2004 Dat a on breeding ecology of t he Rose- Coloured st arling - St urnus r oseus ( L.) in Dobrudj a ( Rom ania) in 2002–2004.
Scientific Annals of t he Danube Delt a I nst it ut e for Research and Developm ent 10: 32- 37.
Krištín A., Kaňuch P., 2007 Population, ecology and m orphology of Saga pedo
( Ort hopt era: Tet tigoniidae) at t he nort hern lim it of it s dist ribution. European Journal of Ent om ology 104: 73- 79.
Lem onnier- Darcem ont M., Darcem ont C., 2007 Hybridation ent re Saga pedo ( Pallas 1771) et Saga ram m ei Kalt enbach 1965 ( Ort hopt era: Tet t igoniidae). Ann Soc
Ent om ol Fr ( n. s.) 43( 2): 249- 252.
Lup A., 2003 Dobrogea Agricolă de la legendă la globalizare. EX PONTO Publishing House, Const anţa, 928 pp.
Lupu N. G., 2007 Prelim inary dat a on Saga pedo – specific habit at s. Scientific Annals of
t he Danube Delt a I nstit ut e for Research and Developm ent 13: 51–54.
Lupu G., 2009 Ecologia populaţiilor de ortoptere de pe dealurile Tulcei. Universit atea
“Ovidius” Constanţa, Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Stiinţe Agricole, Şcoala Doctorală – Dom eniul Biologie, Specializarea Ecologie şi Protecţia Mediului, Rezum at ul t ezei de doct orat , pp. 1- 38 [ in Rom anian] .
Mîndru C., 1980 Fauna de orthoptere din Fâneţele Seculare de la Valea lui David - Iaşi. Analele Ştiinţifice ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” din Iaşi (serie nouă), Secţ. I I , a. Biologie, 26: 93- 95 [ in Rom anian] .
Nagy B., Kis B., Nagy L., 1983 Saga pedo Pall. (Ort hopt era, Tet tigoniidae) : Verbreit ung
und ökologische Regelm ässigkeit en des Vorkom m ens in SO- Mit t eleuropa. Verh. X. int . Sym p. Ent om ofauna Mit t eleuropa ( Budapest 1983) [ SI EEC] 10: 190- 192. Olm o i Vidal J. M., 2002 At las Ort ópt ers de Cat alunya. Atles de Biodiversit at , n. 1.,
Generalit at de Cat alunya. Depart am ent de Medi Am bient i Habit at ge, 460 pp.
Păiş L. M., 2010 Cont ribuţii la ecologia ort opt erelor ( I nsect a, Ort hopt era) din Dobrogea. Universit atea “ Ovidius” Constanţa, Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Stiinţe
Agricole, Doct orat – Dom eniul Biologie, Specializarea Ecologie şi Protecţia Mediului, Rezum at ul t ezei de doct orat , pp. 1- 32 [ in Rom anian] .
Pet rescu D. C., Pet rescu- Mag R. M., Surd V., 2010 Rom ania’s agricult ure: t rends and challanges. AAB Bioflux 2( 2) : 151- 174.
Popescu I . E., Davideanu A., 2009 Conservat ion st at us of prot ect ed or rare invert ebrat es from t he border area Rom ania – Republic of Moldova. AES Bioflux 1( 1) : 43- 53. Pricop E., 2009 Prelim inary st udies of t he Mym aridae ( Hym ., Chalcidoidea) from Neamţ
count y, Rom ania, species dist ribution, vascular flora/ veget ation, an ecological approach. AES Bioflux 1( 1) : 13- 29.
Rákosy L., Wieser C., 2000 Das Macin Gebirge ( Rum änien, Nord – Dobrudscha) . Carint hia I I , 190/ 110: 7- 86.
Sârbu A., Sârbu I . Oprea A., Negrean G., Crist ea V., Coldea G., Crist urean I . et al., 2007
Arii speciale pentru protecţia şi conservarea plantelor în România. Vict or B. Vict or Publishing House, Bucharest , 396 pp. [ in Rom anian] .
Török Z., Dorosencu A., Davidov B., Doroft ei M., Lupu G., Török L., 2006 List a roşie a speciilor sălbatice de floră şi faună din Parcul Naţional Munţii Măcinului.
LI FE2003NAT/ RO/ 000026, APM Tulcea, 70 pp. [ in Rom anian] .
Zam firescu R. Ş., Zamfirescu O., Ion C., Popescu I . E., 2007 Research on t he habit at s of
Vipera ursinii m oldav ica populations from Iaşi County. Analele Ştiinţifice ale Univ.
“Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, seria Biologie Animală 53:159- 166.
Zam firescu R. Ş., Zamfirescu O., Popescu I. E., I on C., 2009 Prelim inary dat a on t he population charact eristics of Vipera ursinii m oldav ica from “ Dealul lui Dum nezeu”
(Iaşi County, Romania) with notes on conservation. Nort h- Western Journal of Zoology 5( 1) : 85- 96.
* * * 1992 Council Directive 92/ 43/ EEC of 21 May 1992 on t he conservat ion of nat ural habit at s and of wild fauna and flora. I n: OJ, L 206 ( July 22nd, 1992) , Bruxelles.
*** 1993 Legea nr. 13 din 11 martie 1993 pentru aderarea României la Convenţia privind conservarea vieţii sălbatice şi a habitatelor naturale din Europa, adoptată la
Berna la 19 sept em brie 1979. I n: Monit orul Oficial al Rom âniei 62, Bucharest [ in Rom anian[ .
Received: 06 Decem ber 2012. Accept ed: 10 Decem ber 2012. Published online: 15 Decem ber 2012. Aut hors:
Em ilian Pricop, Alexandru I oan Cuza Universit y, Facult y of Biology, Bd. Carol I 20a, 700505 I aşi, Rom ania, EU, e- m ail: pricopem [email protected]
Bogdan- Mihai Negrea, Şt efan cel Mare Universit y, Facult y of Forest ry, Universit y St reet no. 13, 720229, Suceava, Rom ania, EU, e- m ail: bogdannm @yahoo.com
I rinel E. Popescu, Alexandru I oan Cuza Universit y, Facult y of Biology, Bd. Carol I 20a, 700505 I aşi, Rom ania, EU, e- m ail: [email protected]
I onuţ Ştefan Iorgu, Grigore Ant ipa Nat ional Museum of Nat ural Hist ory, Şos. Kiseleff 1, 011341 Bucharest , Rom ania, EU,
e
- m ail: [email protected]This is an open- access art icle distribut ed under t he t erm s of t he Creat ive Com m ons At t ribut ion License, which perm it s unrestrict ed use, dist ribution and reproduct ion in any m edium , provided t he original aut hor and source are credit ed.
How t o cit e t his art icle:
