The World Ant i- Doping Code
TH E 2 0 0 8
PROH I BI TED LI ST
I N TERN ATI ON AL
STAN D ARD
The official t ext of t he Prohibit ed List shall be m aint ained by WADA and shall be published in English and French. I n t he event of any conflict bet w een t he English and French versions, t he English version shall prevail.
TH E 2 0 0 8 PROH I BI TED LI ST
W ORLD AN TI - D OPI N G COD E
V a lid 1 Ja n u a r y 2 0 0 8
The use of any drug should be lim it ed t o m edically j ust ified
indicat ions
SUBSTAN CES AN D M ETH OD S PROH I BI TED AT ALL TI M ES
( I N - AN D OUT- OF- COM PETI TI ON )
PROH I BI TED SUBSTAN CES
S1 . AN ABOLI C AGEN TS
Anabolic agent s are prohibit ed.
1 . An a bolic An dr oge n ic St e r oids ( AAS)
a. Exogenous* AAS, including:
1 - a n dr ost e n diol ( 5α- androst - 1- ene- 3β,17β- diol ); 1 - a n dr ost e n dion e ( 5α -androst - 1- ene- 3,17- dione); bola n diol ( 19- norandr ost enediol); bola st e r on e ; bolde n on e ; boldione ( androst a- 1,4- diene- 3,17- dione); ca lu st e r on e ;
clost e bol; da n a z ol ( 17α- et hynyl- 17β- hydroxyandrost - 4- eno[ 2,3- d] isoxazole); de h ydr och lor m e t h ylt e st ost e r on e ( 4- chloro- 17β- hydroxy- 17α- m et hylandrost a-1,4- dien- 3- one); de sox ym e t h ylt e st ost e r on e ( 17α- m et hyl- 5α- androst - 2- en-17β- ol); dr ost a n olon e ; e t h y le st r e n ol ( 19- nor- 17α- pregn- 4- en- 17- ol); flu ox y m e st e r on e ; for m e bolon e ; fu r a z a bol ( 17β- hydroxy- 17α- m et hyl- 5α -androst ano[ 2,3- c] - furazan); ge st r in on e ; 4 - h ydr ox yt e st ost e r on e ( 4,17β -dihydr oxyandrost - 4- en- 3- one); m e st a n olon e ; m e st e r olon e ; m e t e n olon e ; m e t h a n die n on e ( 17β- hydroxy- 17α- m et hylandrost a- 1,4- dien- 3- one);
m e t h a n dr iol; m e t h a st e r on e ( 2α, 17α- dim et hyl- 5α- androst ane- 3- one- 17β- ol); m e t h yldie n olon e ( 17β- hydroxy- 17α- m et hylest ra- 4,9- dien- 3- one); m e t h yl 1 -t e s-t os-t e r on e ( 17β- hydroxy- 17α- m et hyl- 5α- androst - 1- en- 3- one);
t r e n bolon e and ot her subst ances w it h a sim ilar chem ical st ruct ure or sim ilar biological effect ( s) .
b. Endogenous* * AAS:
a n dr ost e n e diol ( androst - 5- ene- 3β,17β- diol); a n dr ost e n e dion e ( androst - 4- ene-3,17- dione); dih ydr ot e st ost e r on e ( 17β- hydroxy- 5α- androst an- 3- one) ;
pr a st e r on e ( dehydroepiandrost erone, DHEA); t e st ost e r on e and t he follow ing m et abolit es and isom ers:
5α- a n dr ost a n e - 3α,1 7α- diol; 5α- a n dr ost a n e - 3α,1 7β- diol; 5α a n dr ost a n e -3β,1 7α- diol; 5α- a n dr ost a n e - 3β,1 7β- diol; a n dr ost - 4 - e n e - 3α,1 7α- diol; a n dr ost - 4 - e n e - 3α,1 7β- diol; a n dr ost - 4 - e n e - 3β,1 7α diol; a n dr ost 5 e n e -3α,1 7α- diol; a n dr ost - 5 - e n e - 3α,1 7β- diol; a n dr ost - 5 - e n e - 3β,1 7α- diol;
4 - a n dr ost e n e diol ( androst - 4- ene- 3β,17β- diol); 5 - a n dr ost e n e dion e ( androst - 5-ene- 3,17- dione); e pi- dih y dr ot e st ost e r on e ; 3α- h y dr ox y - 5α a n dr ost a n 1 7 -on e ; 3β- h ydr ox y- 5α a n dr ost a n 1 7 on e ; 1 9 n or a n dr ost e r on e ; 1 9
-n or e t ioch ola -n olo-n e .
Where an anabolic androgenic st eroid is capable of being produced endogenously, a Sam ple w ill be deem ed t o cont ain such Prohibit ed Subst ance and an Adverse Analyt ical Finding w ill be report ed w here t he concent rat ion of such Prohibit ed Subst ance or it s m et abolit es or m arkers and/ or any ot her r elevant rat io( s) in t he
At hlet e’s Sam ple so deviat es from t he range of values norm ally found in hum ans t hat it is unlikely t o be consist ent w it h norm al endogenous product ion. A Sam ple
shall not be deem ed t o cont ain a Prohibit ed Subst ance in any such case where an
At hlet e pr oves t hat t he concent rat ion of t he Prohibit ed Subst ance or it s m et abolit es or m arkers and/ or t he relevant rat io( s) in t he At hlet e’s Sam ple is at t ribut able t o a physiological or pat hological condit ion.
I n all cases, and at any concent rat ion, t he At hlet e’s Sam ple will be deem ed t o cont ain a Prohibit ed Subst ance and t he laborat ory w ill report an Adver se Analyt ical Finding if, based on any reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) , t he laborat ory can show t hat t he Prohibit ed Subst ance is of exogenous origin. I n such case, no furt her invest igat ion is necessary.
When a value does not so deviat e from t he range of values norm ally found in hum ans and any reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) has not det erm ined t he exogenous origin of t he subst ance, but if t here are indicat ions, such as a com parison t o endogenous reference st eroid profiles, of a possible Use of a
Prohibit ed Subst ance, or w hen a laborat ory has report ed a T/ E rat io great er t han four ( 4) t o one ( 1) and any reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) has not det erm ined t he exogenous origin of t he subst ance, furt her invest igat ion shall be conduct ed by t he relevant Ant i- Doping Organizat ion by review ing t he result s of any previous t est ( s) or by conduct ing subsequent t est ( s) .
addit ional reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) , t hat t he Prohibit ed Subst ance is of exogenous origin, no furt her invest igat ion is necessar y, and t he Sam ple will be deem ed t o cont ain such Prohibit ed Subst ance. When an addit ional reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) has not been applied, and t he m inim um of t hree previous t est result s are not available, a longit udinal profile of t he At hlet e shall be est ablished by perform ing t hree no- advance not ice t est s in a period of t hree m ont hs by t he relevant Ant i- Doping Organizat ion. The result t hat t riggered t his longit udinal st udy shall be report ed as at ypical. I f t he longit udinal profile of t he
At hlet e est ablished by t he subsequent t est s is not physiologically norm al, t he result shall t hen be report ed as an Adverse Analyt ical Finding.
I n ext rem ely rare individual cases, boldenone of endogenous origin can be consist ent ly found at very low nanogram s per m illilit er ( ng/ m L) levels in urine. When such a very low concent r at ion of boldenone is report ed by a laborat ory and t he applicat ion of any reliable analyt ical m et hod ( e.g. I RMS) has not det erm ined t he exogenous origin of t he subst ance, furt her invest igat ion m ay be conduct ed by subsequent t est ( s) .
For 19- nor androst erone, an Adverse Analyt ical Finding report ed by a laborat ory is considered t o be scient ific and valid proof of exogenous origin of t he Prohibit ed Subst ance. I n such case, no fur t her invest igat ion is necessar y.
Should an At hlet e fail t o cooperat e in t he invest igat ions, t he At hlet e’s Sam ple
shall be deem ed t o cont ain a Prohibit ed Subst ance.
2 .
Ot h e r An a bolic Age n t s, in clu din g bu t n ot lim it e d t o:
Cle n bu t e r ol, se le ct ive a n dr oge n r e ce pt or m odu la t or s ( SARM s) , t ibolon e , z e r a n ol, z ilpa t e r ol.
For purposes of t his sect ion:
*
“ exogenous” refers t o a subst ance w hich is not ordinarily capable of being produced by t he body nat urally.
* *
“ endogenous” refers t o a subst ance w hich is capable of being produced by t he body nat urally.
S2 . H ORM ON ES AN D RELATED SUBSTAN CES
The follow ing subst ances and t heir releasing fact ors, are prohibit ed: 1 . Er yt h r opoie t in ( EPO) ;
2 . Gr ow t h H or m on e ( h GH ) , I n su lin - lik e Gr ow t h Fa ct or s (e.g. I GF- 1 ) , M e ch a n o Gr ow t h Fa ct or s ( M GFs) ;
3 . Gon a dot r oph in s ( e .g. LH , h CG) , prohibit ed in m ales only; 4 . I n su lin s;
and ot her subst ances wit h sim ilar chem ical st ruct ure or sim ilar biological effect ( s) . Unless t he At hlet e can dem onst rat e t hat t he concent rat ion w as due t o a physiological or pat hological condit ion, a Sam ple w ill be deem ed t o cont ain a
Prohibit ed Subst ance ( as list ed above) w here t he concent r at ion of t he Prohibit ed Subst ance or it s m et abolit es and/ or relevant rat ios or m ar kers in t he At hlet e’s
Sam ple so exceeds t he range of values norm ally found in hum ans t hat it is unlikely t o be consist ent w it h norm al endogenous product ion.
I f a laborat ory report s, using a reliable analyt ical m et hod, t hat t he Prohibit ed Subst ance is of exogenous origin, t he Sam ple will be deem ed t o cont ain a
Prohibit ed Subst ance and shall be report ed as an Adverse Analyt ical Finding.
S3 . BETA- 2 AGON I STS
All bet a- 2 agonist s including t heir D- and L- isom ers are prohibit ed.
As an except ion, form ot erol, salbut am ol, salm et erol and t erbut aline w hen adm inist ered by inhalat ion, require an abbr eviat ed Therapeut ic Use Exem pt ion. Despit e t he grant ing of any form of Therapeut ic Use Exem pt ion, a concent rat ion of salbut am ol ( fr ee plus glucur onide) gr eat er t han 1000 ng/ m L will be considered an Adverse Analyt ical Finding unless t he At hlet e proves t hat t he abnorm al result was t he consequence of t he t herapeut ic use of inhaled salbut am ol.
S4 . H ORM ON E AN TAGON I STS AN D M OD ULATORS
The follow ing classes are prohibit ed:
1 . Ar om a t a se in h ibit or s including, but not lim it ed t o: a n a st r oz ole ,
le t r oz ole , a m in oglu t e t h im ide , e x e m e st a n e , for m e st a n e , t e st ola ct on e .
2 . Se le ct ive e st r oge n r e ce pt or m odu la t or s ( SERM s) including, but not lim it ed t o: r a lox ife n e , t a m ox ife n , t or e m ife n e .
3 . Ot h e r a n t i- e st r oge n ic su bst a n ce s including, but not lim it ed t o: clom iph e n e , cy clofe n il, fu lve st r a n t .
S5 . D I URETI CS AN D OTH ER M ASKI N G AGEN TS
Masking agent s are prohibit ed. They include:
D iu r e t ics*, e pit e st ost e r on e , pr obe n e cid, a lph a - r e du ct a se in h ibit or s (e.g. fin a st e r ide , du t a st e r ide ) , pla sm a e x pa n de r s (e.g. a lbu m in , de x t r a n , h ydr ox ye t h yl st a r ch ) and ot her subst ances w it h sim ilar biological effect ( s) .
Diuret ics include:
Ace t a z ola m ide , a m ilor ide , bu m e t a n ide , ca n r e n on e , ch lor t h a lidon e , e t a cr yn ic a cid, fu r ose m ide , in da pa m ide , m e t ola z on e , spir on ola ct on e , t h ia z ide s (e.g. be n dr oflu m e t h ia z ide , ch lor ot h ia zide , h ydr och lor ot h ia z ide ) , t r ia m t e r e n e, and ot her subst ances wit h a sim ilar chem ical st r uct ure or sim ilar biological effect ( s) ( except for drosperinone, w hich is not pr ohibit ed) .
*
PROHIBITED METHODS
M 1 . EN H AN CEM EN T OF OX YGEN TRAN SFER
The follow ing are prohibit ed:
1. Blood doping, including t he use of aut ologous, hom ologous or het erologous blood or red blood cell product s of any origin.
2. Art ificially enhancing t he upt ake, t ransport or deliv ery of oxygen, including but not lim it ed t o perfluorochem icals, efaproxiral ( RSR13) and m odified haem oglobin product s ( e.g. haem oglobin- based blood subst it ut es, m icroencapsulat ed haem oglobin product s) .
M 2 . CH EM I CAL AN D PH YSI CAL M AN I PULATI ON
1. Tam pering, or at t em pt ing t o t am per, in order t o alt er t he int egr it y and validit y of Sam ples collect ed during Doping Cont rols is prohibit ed. These include but are not lim it ed t o cat het erisat ion, ur ine subst it ut ion and/ or alt erat ion.
2. I nt ravenous infusion is prohibit ed. I n an acut e m edical sit uat ion w here t his m et hod is deem ed necessary, a ret roact ive Therapeut ic Use Exem pt ion w ill be required.
M 3 . GEN E D OPI N G
SUBSTAN CES AN D M ETH OD S
PROH I BI TED I N - COM PETI TI ON
I n a ddit ion t o t h e ca t e gor ie s S1 t o S5 a n d M 1 t o M 3 de fin e d a bove ,
t h e follow in g ca t e gor ie s a r e pr oh ibit e d in com pe t it ion :
PROH I BI TED SUBSTAN CES
S6 . STI M ULAN TS
All st im ulant s ( including bot h t heir ( D- & L- ) opt ical isom er s where relevant ) are prohibit ed, except im idazole derivat ives for t opical use and t hose st im ulant s included in t he 2008 Monit oring Pr ogram*.
St im ulant s include:
Adr a fin il, a dr e n a lin e* *, a m fe pr a m on e , a m iph e n a z ole , a m ph e t a m in e , a m ph e t a m in il, be n z ph e t a m in e , be n z ylpipe r a z in e , br om a n t a n , ca t h in e* * *, clobe n z or e x , coca in e , cr opr opa m ide , cr ot e t a m ide , cycla z odon e ,
dim e t h yla m ph e t a m in e , e ph e dr in e* * * *, e t a m iva n , e t ila m ph e t a m in e , e t ile fr in e , fa m pr ofa z on e , fe n bu t r a z a t e , fe n ca m fa m in , fe n ca m in e , fe n e t yllin e , fe n flu r a m in e , fe n pr opor e x , fu r fe n or e x , h e pt a m in ol, isom e t h e pt e n e , le vm e t h a m fe t a m in e , m e clofe n ox a t e , m e fe n or e x , m e ph e n t e r m in e , m e soca r b, m e t h a m ph e t a m in e ( D - ) ,
m e t h yle n e diox ya m ph e t a m in e , m e t h y le n e diox y m e t h a m ph e t a m in e , p-m e t h yla p-m ph e t a p-m in e , p-m e t h yle ph e dr in e* * * *, m e t h ylph e n ida t e , m oda fin il, n ik e t h a m ide , n or fe n e fr in e , n or fe n flu r a m in e , oct opa m in e , or t e t a m in e , ox ilofr in e , pa r a h ydr ox ya m ph e t a m in e , pe m olin e , pe n t e t r a z ol,
ph e n dim e t r a z in e , ph e n m e t r a z in e , ph e n pr om e t h a m in e , ph e n t e r m in e , 4 -ph e n ylpir a ce t a m ( ca r -ph e don ) , pr olin t a n e , pr opylh e x e dr in e , se le gilin e, sibu t r a m in e , st r ych n in e, t u a m in oh e pt a n e and ot her subst ances wit h a sim ilar chem ical st ruct ur e or sim ilar biological effect ( s) .
*
The follow ing subst ances included in t he 2008 Monit oring Program ( bupropion, caffeine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolam ine, pipradol, pseudoephedrine, synephrine) are not considered as Prohibit ed Subst ances.
* *
Adr e n a lin e associat ed wit h local anaest het ic agent s or by local adm inist rat ion ( e.g. nasal, opht halm ologic) is not pr ohibit ed.
* * *
Ca t h in e is prohibit ed when it s concent rat ion in urine is great er t han 5 m icr ogram s per m illilit er.
* * * *
A st im ulant not expressly m ent ioned as an exam ple under t his sect ion should be considered as a Specified Subst ance only if t he At hlet e can est ablish t hat t he subst ance is part icularly suscept ible t o unint ent ional ant i- doping rule violat ions because of it s general availabilit y in m edicinal pr oduct s or is less likely t o be successfully abused as a doping agent .
S7 . N ARCOTI CS
The follow ing nar cot ics are prohibit ed:
Bu pr e n or ph in e , de x t r om or a m ide , dia m or ph in e ( h e r oin ) , fe n t a n yl a n d it s de r iva t iv e s, h ydr om or ph on e , m e t h a don e , m or ph in e , ox ycodon e ,
ox ym or ph on e , pe n t a z ocin e , pe t h idin e .
S8 . CAN N ABI N OI D S
Cannabinoids ( e.g. hashish, m arij uana) are prohibit ed.
S9 . GLUCOCORTI COSTEROI D S
All glucocort icost eroids are prohibit ed w hen adm inist ered orally, rect ally, int ravenously or int ram uscularly. Their use requires a Therapeut ic Use Exem pt ion approval.
Ot her rout es of adm inist rat ion ( int raart icular / periart icular/ perit endinous/ epidural/ int rader m al inj ect ions and inhalat ion) require an Abbreviat ed Therapeut ic Use Exem pt ion except as not ed below .
SUBSTAN CES PROH I BI TED I N PARTI CULAR
SPORTS
P1 . ALCOH OL
Alcohol ( et hanol) is prohibit ed I n- Com pet it ion only, in t he following sport s. Det ect ion w ill be conduct ed by analysis of breat h and/ or blood. The doping violat ion t hreshold ( haem at ological values) for each Federat ion is report ed in parent hesis.
• Aeronaut ic ( FAI ) ( 0.20 g/ L)
• Archery ( FI TA, I PC) ( 0.10 g/ L)
• Aut om obile ( FI A) ( 0.10 g/ L)
• Boules ( I PC bow ls) ( 0.10 g/ L)
• Karat e ( WKF) ( 0.10 g/ L)
• Modern Pent at hlon ( UI PM) ( 0.10 g/ L) for disciplines involving shoot ing
• Mot orcycling ( FI M) ( 0.10 g/ L)
• Pow er boat ing ( UI M) ( 0.30 g/ L)
P2 . BETA- BLOCKERS
Unless ot herw ise specified, bet a- blockers are prohibit ed I n- Com pet it ion only, in t he follow ing sport s.
• Aeronaut ic ( FAI )
• Archery ( FI TA, I PC) ( also prohibit ed
Out - of- Com pet it ion)
• Aut om obile ( FI A)
• Billiards ( WCBS)
• Bobsleigh ( FI BT)
• Boules ( CMSB, I PC bowls)
• Bridge ( FMB)
• Curling ( WCF)
• Gym nast ics ( FI G)
• Mot orcycling ( FI M)
• Modern Pent at hlon ( UI PM) for disciplines involving shoot ing
• Nine- pin bowling ( FI Q)
• Pow er boat ing ( UI M)
• Sailing ( I SAF) for m at ch r ace helm s only
• Shoot ing ( I SSF, I PC) ( also prohibit ed Out - of- Com pet it ion)
• Skiing/ Snow boarding ( FI S) in ski j um ping, freest yle aerials/ halfpipe and snow board halfpipe/ big air
• Wrest ling ( FI LA)
Bet a- blockers include, but are not lim it ed t o, t he follow ing:
Ace bu t olol, a lpr e n olol, a t e n olol, be t a x olol, bisopr olol, bu n olol, ca r t e olol, ca r ve dilol, ce lipr olol, e sm olol, la be t a lol, le vobu n olol, m e t ipr a n olol,
SPECI FI ED SUBSTAN CES*
“ Specified Subst ances” * are list ed below :
• All inhaled Bet a- 2 Agonist s, except salbut am ol ( free plus glucuronide) great er t han 1000 ng/ m L and clenbut erol ( list ed under S1.2: Ot her Anabolic Agent s) ;
• Alpha- reduct ase inhibit ors, probenecid;
• Cat hine, cropropam ide, crot et am ide, ephedrine, et am ivan, fam profazone, hept am inol, isom et hept ene, levm et ham fet am ine, m eclofenoxat e,
p- m et hylam phet am ine, m et hylephedrine, niket ham ide, norfenefrine, oct opam ine, ort et am ine, oxilofrine, phenprom et ham ine, propylhexedrine, selegiline, sibut ram ine, t uam inohept ane, and any ot her st im ulant not expressly list ed under sect ion S6 for w hich t he At hlet e est ablishes t hat it fulfils t he condit ions descr ibed in sect ion S6;
• Cannabinoids;
• All Glucocort icost eroids;
• Alcohol;
• All Bet a Blockers.
