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APPROXIMATION OF PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS IN QUEUEING MODELS

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(1)

519.872

. .

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M k M

k ,

1, 2, ...

k – , .

( ) t

-(0 1)

    ,

,

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1

; [ ]

 

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  

t

k M

k ,

]x[ , x. ,

,

: 0,707 ( k = 2); 0,577 ( k = 3); 0,5 ( k = 4) . .

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.

-,

2 2

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1 2; 2 (1 1 2 2)

h h

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2

2 2

1 2 /(1 2)

 h tt tt .

. 1

2- t1/t2 . ,

1 0,7,

-, 0,707, . . 2- ,

-, t1t2.

(3)

0,05 0,25 0,45 0,65 0,85 1,00 0,6

0,7 0,8 0,9 1

t1/t2  

. 1. t1/t2

 

,

(k- , k2)

-.

k-

2

1 1 1

;

  

 

k k

k k k

h i h i i

i i i

M t t t . (1) 

k-

-(1/ k; 1), k

(k = 2, 3, …).

0  1 k- . ,

t  ( 0  1) ,

. ,

k-

: k1  1 1/t1 k2 k k1  2 1/t2, t1

2

t

. (1) ,

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1 1 2 2; 1 1 2 2 ( 1 1 2 2)

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k k

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M k t k t k t k t k t k t ,

1 2 

k k k.

, ,

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1 1 2 2

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1 1 2 2

1 1 2 2

;

  

  

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k t k t

k t k t ,

t  –

( ) . , k1 k2 ,

1

t t2. ,

1 1 2

2

 t k t

t

k . (2)

,

t1:

2 2 2 2

1( 1 2)1 2 1 1(  2 )0

k k k t k t t t k t .

, :

2

2 1

1

1 1

 

     

 

 

k t

t k

k k , (3)

1 2

(4)

.

(3) ,

2 1

 

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-, . . .

10

t ,

2 2

1

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(4) (5),

2 2

1

 

k k. (6)

(3) (2) t2:

2

1 2 2 1 1             k t t k

k k ,

, (6):

1 2

1

 

k k.

-k- 0  1:

2 1

 

k ; (7)

2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1                          k t t k k k k t t k k k

2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1                          k t t k k k k t t k k k . (8)

0  1

-k- t

 ,

-, :

1. (7) 

k

2

1 / ;

2. k1k k2 k k1;

3. (8) t1 t2.

(7) (8) k1 k2 k k1

,

-,

. ,

.

1.

-10 

t  0, 4.

:

1. k

7

k (k1/ 0,166, 25);

2. k13, k2  7 3 4;

3. (8) t12 t21.

,

7- , 3 ,

(5)

> 1

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1

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, ,

( ), r ,

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1

( 1, ), 1

r

i i

i

q i r q .

( . 2).

q

1 – q

exp(t1)

exp(t2)

. 2.

: t1 t2 –

-; q – .

-. ,

. t1, t2 q

-.

,

-1, 2

t t q

-t  .

1 (1 ) ;2

  

t q t q t (9)

( 2) 2 2

1 2

2[ (1 ) ].

  

t qt q t

2 2

2 1 2

2

2[ (1 ) ]

1  

  q t q t

t ,

2 2 2 2

1 2

2[qt  (1 q t) ]t (1  ). (10)

(9) :

1 2

1

 

t q t

t

q . (11)

(10),

2 2 2

1 1

2q t 4q t t     [1 q (1 q) ]t 0.

1

t , :

2 1

1

1 ( 1)

2

  

  

 

q

t t

q . (12)

10

t ,

:

2 1

1

1 ( 1)

2

  

   

 

q

t t

(6)

(13) (11) t2:

2

2 1 ( 1)

2 (1 )

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   

 

q

t t

q . (14)

, t20, . .

2

( 1) 1

2(1 )    q

q .

2 2 1

  

q . (15)

(13)–(15)

-1

  ,

-q (15) t1 t2 (13)

(14). , 22

1

  

q , (13) (14) :

2

1 2

1

; 0

2

 

 

t t t . (16)

, .

2.  3, (15) q0, 2.

1. q0,1, (13) (14) t17t; 2

1 3

t t.

2. q0, 2, (16) t15t; t20.

, t1 t2 (13) (14) . ,

(12)

, , :

2 1

1

1 ( 1)

2

  

     

 

q

t t

q ;

2

2 1 ( 1)

2(1 )

 

     

 

q

t t

q ,

q

2

2

1 1   

 

q ,

( . 2) .

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1. . ., - . .

// . . . – 2011. – . 54. – № 6. – . 44–49.

2. . . // . . . – 2012. – . 55. – № 10.

– . 57–63.

3. . : . . – .: , 1979. – 432 .

А вТа И а в ч

-, ,

Referências

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