América Latina: 409 membros
337 hospitaiss
40 centros de atencão da saúde
19 sistemas de saúde e
13 organizações
Total (julio 2015):
LaRed Global tiene 520 miembros que representan el interés de 12500 hospitales y centros de salud de todo el mundo Argentina: 29 membros Brasil: 118 membros Chile: 175 membros Colombia: 55 membros Equador: 3 membros
Costa Rica: 14 membros
República Dominicana: 1 membro México: 12 membros
Oportunidades do Setor
Setor Saúde
contribui com as emissões de CO2
•Ao reduzir as emissões, o Setor pode se definir como um poderoso exemplo
Setor Saúde
está na linha de frente das mudanças climáticas
•Precisamos estar preparados para os impactos de climas extremos e os
encargos das mudanças de territórios/limites na ocorrência de doenças
Setor Saúde
pode liderar essa caminhada
•O Setor pode impulsionar a mudança através de sua influência moral, política e
econômica para promover a transição do sistema baseado em combustíveis
O Desafio 2020
O Desafio é baseado em três pilares:
•Mitigação
– redução da pegada de carbono
do Setor.
•Resiliencia
– se preparar para os impactos
de condições meteorológicas extremas e os
encargos das mudanças de territórios/limites
na ocorrência de doenças
•Liderança
– Educar colaboradores e a
população e promover políticas que protejam
a saúde pública das mudanças climáticas.
Lista Parcial
•Hospital Albert Einstein (
Brasil
)
•Catalan Instituto de Oncologia (
Espanha
)
•Dignity Health (
EUA
)
•Departamento de Saúde Xativa-Ontinyent (
Espanha
)
•Hospital León Becerra (
Equador
)
•Hospital Sirio Libanes (
Brasil
)
•Hospital “Dr. Enrique F. Enril” (
Argentina
)
•Kaiser Permanente (
EUA
)
•Partners Health Care (
EUA
)
•Serviço de Saúde Nacional (
Inglaterra
)
•Conselho do Condado de Estocolmo (
Suécia
)
•Fundação Médica TzuChi (
Taiwan
)
•Universidade Health Network (
Canadá
)
•Western Cape Government Health (
África do Sul
)
•Universidade Yonsei Sistema de Saúde (
South Korea
)
No momento
32
Participantes
1.200 Hospitais
Objetivo 2015
50
Participantes
1.000 Hospitais
Visão 2020!
10.000 hospitais e centros de saúde participantes no Desafio 2020
Redução anual de 26 milhões de toneladas de CO
2
e na emissões de gases de
efeito estufa anualmente
• Essa redução de carbono equivale a:
– retirar 5,5 milhões de carros das estradas anualmente, ou
– fechar 6,8 usinas de energia de carvão, ou
– instalar mais de 7.000 turbinas eólicas.
• Maior resiliência do Setor Saúde
• Liderança ativa na proteção da saúde pública contra a poluição do ar e
mudanças climáticas, ao mesmo tempo que obtém a redução de custos.
• Coréia do Sul, Universidade Yonsei Sistema de Saúde tem a
meta de reduzir 30% de suas emissões de GEE até 2020.
• A implantação de medidas de eficiência energética pouparam $1,7
milhões de dólares do Sistema e reduziram em 5.316 toneladas de
CO2 as emissões de GEE em 2011.
• Inglaterra: O NHS – Sistema de Saúde Pública e Assistência
Social assumiu o compromisso de reduzir sua pegada de
carbono em pelo menos 34% até 2020.
• EUA: Gunderson Health aumentou sua eficiência em 40%,
• Economias: $2 milhões de dólares anualmente, durante a
implantação de energia solar, eólica, geotérmica e biomassa para
reduzir significativamente a sua pegada de carbono e acabar com
sua dependência de combustíveis fósseis.
–Jeff Thompson, MD
Gundersen Health System 2014
“Nós não decidimos que
seremos o sistema de saúde
mais verde. Nós decidimos
fazer com que as condições
do ar sejam melhores para
nossos pacientes respirarem,
controlar nossos custos
crescentes de energia e
ajudar nossa economia local."
Painéis solares/baterias
fornecem
toda a energia para o Hospital
•
Inclui energia para raios x e para
autoclave de resíduos
•
Evita cortes de energia de rede
elétrica não confiável
•
O gerenciamento de energia permite
usar até 18 horas por dia
CIDADE DO CABO
ÁFRICA DO SUL
• 53 Hospitais
• 182 Unidades de Atendimento Básico
• 50 Estações de Ambulancias
• 10 Laboratorios de Patologia Forense
• 6 Escolas de Enfermagem
Caldeiras a Carvão e Óleo
Sources of data:
Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani
KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day
Caldeiras a carvão e óleo tem sido eliminadas
em todos hospitais exceto GSH e TBH
Bombas de calor e aquecimento elétrico
direto
Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public WorksNote 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day
Bombas de calor para aquecimento de
água e uso eficiente de aquecimento
elétrico para cozimento e autoclaves
Iluminação Eficiente
Sources of data:
Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani
KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day
Iluminação
orientada
ao
trabalho utilizando lampadas
fluorescentes em tubo T5, mini
CFL’s
e
lampadas
LED
–
combinadas com paredes de cor
clara
Lavanderias Eficientes
Sources of data:
Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani
KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day
Lavanderia Lentegeur : Total
Savings:
Água:
19.600.000
litros por ano
CO
2
:
557
toneladas por ano
Monitoramento & Avaliação dos Instrumentos
Sources of data:
Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani
KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day Sources of data: Beds: Sinjani PDE: Sinjani KWh: Electricity accounts KVA: Electricity accounts Water: Water accounts Floor area: Public Works
Note 1:
Energy and power indicators are calculated using the net total area of the hospital complex - reason, the electricity is metered for the entire complex.
Note 2:
Hospital m2/bed and PDE/m2/year
are calculated using only the hospital floor area - reason, these indicators are applicable to the hospital only.
Note 3:
Water is for the whole complex. Sub-metering is not in place.
COMPARATORS
SANS 204:2011 does not have maximum energy and demand targets for hospitals. To facilitate comparison the following are extracted from Tables 1 and 2:
Hotels: VA/m2 : 85 KWh/m2/year : 600 Offices: VA/m2 : 75 KWh/m2/year : 185 Hospitals: (SANS 10252-1:2012) Water: 450 to 550 l/bed/day
Comparações de Eficiencia Energética
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350George Hospital Mowbray Maternity
Somerset Hospital Paarl Hospital Worcester Hospital
kWh/m
2
/ano
Intervenções Propostas
• Medição inteligente
• Mudança de comportamento
• Intervenções de engenharia
• Fomento a novos designs
• Enegria renovável
• Desafio 2020 – a saúde pelo
• Estar operacional durante
e depois de um evento de
condições meteorológicas
extremas
• Tempestades, secas,
enchentes, ondas de calor
• Entender e estar
preparado para gerir as
necessidades da
população devido a
mudança na carga de
doenças
Spaulding Hospital de Reabilitação
Charlestown, Massachusetts
Serviços mecânicos, elétricos e de
emergência no telhado fora de
perigo
Térreo e cobertura do
estacionamento configurados a +19
Janelas operacionais com chave
aberta em caso de falha de
sistemas
Pacientes críticos acima do térreo
Plantações e muros de contenção
atuam como 'recifes‘ de proteção
Inglaterra NHS SDU
Colaboração do Professor Alan Short da Universidade Cambridge
Aumentar a resiliência dos
prédios existentes enquanto
diminui a pegada de carbono
•Avaliação do desempenho
energético dos edifícios existentes
•Definir alternativas que
diminuam a carga de calor
•Avaliação do desempenho dos
modelos em relação as previsões
das mudanças climáticas
Image from: Robust Hospitals in a Changing Climate: the DeDeRHECC Study