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ȱɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɝɿɝɿɽɧɢɬɚɟɤɨɥɨɝɿʀ
ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɟɞɢɱɧɨɝɨɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɭɿɦ. Ɉ.Ɉ. Ȼɨɝɨɦɨɥɶɰɹ (ɞɢɪ. – ɞ. ɦɟɞ. ɧ., ɩɪɨɮ. ɋ.Ɍ. Ɉɦɟɥɶɱɭɤ)
ɩɪ. ɉɟɪɟɦɨɝɢ, 34, Ʉɢʀɜ, 03057, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ Institute of Hygiene and Ecology
of the National Medical University named after O.O. Bohomoltsia Peremogy Av., 34, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
e-mail: san-gig@yandex.ua
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿɫɥɨɜɚɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɢ, ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ, ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɢ, ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ, ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɢ, ʉɪɭɧɬ, ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿɜɨɞɢ
.H\ZRUGV fungicides, triazolopyrimidines, triazoles, pyrimidines, morpholines, soil, groundwater
Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɮɭɧɝɢɰɢɞɨɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɢɪɢɦɢɞɢɧɨɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɨɜ ɩɢ ɪɢɦɢɞɢɧɨɜ ɢ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɢɧɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ Ȼɢɥɨɭɫɋȼ ɈɦɟɥɶɱɭɤɋɌ ȼɚɜɪɢɧɟɜɢɱȿɉ ȺɧɬɨɧɟɧɤɨȺɇ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯɜɨɞɮɭɧɝɢɰɢɞɚɦɢɪɚɡɧɵɯɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɥɚɫɫɨɜɜɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɨ-ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɍɤɪɚɢɧɵɢɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɰɟɧɤɚɢɯ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ȼ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɯ
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. Ȼɵɥɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɜɩɨɱɜɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨɧɨɜɨɝɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɥɚɫɫɚɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɢɪɢɦɢɞɢɧɨɜ – ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ
ɤ 4 ɤɥɚɫɫɭ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ (ɦɚɥɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ), ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɵ ɠɟɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤɨ 2 ɤɥɚɫɫɭ (ɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ), ɚ
ɩɢɪɢɦɢɞɢɧɵɢɦɨɪɮɨɥɢɧɵ – ɤ 3 ɤɥɚɫɫɭ (ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ). Ɍɚɤɠɟɛɵɥɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨɧɚɢɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ
$EVWUDFW &RPSDUDWLYH DVVHVVPHQW RI VWDELOLW\ RI IXQJLFLGHV WULD]RORS\ULPLGLQH WULD]ROH S\ULPLGLQH DQG PRUSKROLQH LQ WKH VRLO DQG SUHGLFWLRQ RI JURXQGZDWHU SROOXWLRQ ZLWK WKHP %ɿORXV69 2PHOFKXN67 9DYUɿQHYLFK23 $QWRQHQNR$0 The purpose of our study was prediction of ground water contamination with fungicides of different chemical classes in soil-climatic conditions of Ukraine and other European countries and hygienic assessment of their harmful effects on human health. The materials contain field experiments results and literature data. It was established that according to stability in the soil, substance of a new chemical class of triazolopyrimidines – ametoctradin relates to the 4-th hazard class (low hazardous substances), triazoles belong to the 2-nd class (hazardous substances) and pyrimidines and morpholines – to the 3-d class (moderately hazardous substances). It was also found that ametoctradin which relates to the 4-th hazard class according to integral index of danger is the least dangerous, when released into the drinking water.
ȼ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɩɨɫɬɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɡɪɨɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɿɧɬɟɧ ɫɢɮɿɤɚɰɿʀ ɫɿɥɶɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɬɚ ɤɪɚʀɧ ȯɜɪɨɫɨɸɡɭ ȯɋ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚ ɱɭɜɚɧɟɡɛɿɥɶɲɟɧɧɹɨɛɫɹɝɿɜɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɡɚɫɨɛɿɜ ɡɚɯɢɫɬɭ ɪɨɫɥɢɧ ɏɁɁɊ >@ ȼɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɰɶɨɝɨɜɢɧɢɤɚɽɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɧɚɤɨɩɢɱɟɧɧɹʀɯ ɡɚɥɢɲɤɿɜ ɭɨɛ¶ɽɤɬɚɯ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ʉɪɭɧɬɜɨɞɚ>@
ɉɨɪɿɜɧɸɸɱɢ ɜɫɿ ɨɛ¶ɽɤɬɢ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟ ɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɜɩɟɜɧɟɧɨ ɫɬɜɟɪɞɠɭɜɚɬɢ ɳɨ ɫɚɦɟ ʉɪɭɧɬ ɽ ɦɿɫɰɟɦ ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲ ɬɪɢɜɚɥɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɤɨɩɢɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɜɿɧ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɪɚɡɨɜɨ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɏɁɁɊ ɹɤ ɩɪɨ ɬɹɝɨɦ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɭ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɜɩɪɨɞɨɜɠ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɪɨɤɿɜ>@
ɇɚɣɛɿɥɶɲ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɢɦɢ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɢɦɢ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɚɦɢ ɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɲ ɱɚɫ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɯɢɫɬɭ ɫɿɥɶɫɶɤɨɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɶɤɢɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪ ɽ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ Ɍɚɤɨɠ ɞɨɫɢɬɶ ɩɨɲɢɪɟɧɿ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɢɬɨɪɿʀ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ʀɯ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɤɢ±ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɢɤɥɚɫɿɜɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜɩɿɪɢ ɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ɿ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ >@ ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɸ ɨɫɨɛɥɢ ɜɿɫɬɸ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɿɜ ɜɢɳɟɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ ɽ ʀɯ ɞɜɨ ɬɚ ɬɪɢɤɪɚɬɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɯɢɫɬɭ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ ɭɫɶɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɿɨɞɭ ɜɟɝɟɬɚɰɿʀ ɳɨ ɦɨɠɟ ɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɹɬɢɧɚɤɨɩɢɱɟɧɧɹʀɯɜɨɛ¶ɽɤɬɚɯɞɨɜɤɿɥɥɹ ɿ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯ ɜɨɞɚɯ ɹɤɿ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɧɚɣ ɛɿɥɶɲɭ ɣɦɨɜɿɪɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɚɦɢ >@ ɋɚɦɟ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿ ɜɨɞɢ ɽ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɢɦ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦ ɩɢɬɧɨʀ ɜɨɞɢ ɞɥɹ ɛɥɢɡɶɤɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɯɫɿɥɬɚɫɟɥɢɳɦɿɫɶɤɨɝɨɬɢɩɭ>@ɳɨɣ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɭɜɚɝɢ ɞɨ ɧɢɯ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨʀ ɬɨɤɫɢɤɨɥɨɝɨ ɝɿɝɿɽɧɿɱɧɨʀɨɰɿɧɤɢɧɨɜɢɯɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɧɢɯɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɿɜ
Ɇɟɬɨɸ ɧɚɲɨʀ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɛɭɥɚ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɥɶɧɚ ɝɿɝɿɽɧɿɱɧɚ ɨɰɿɧɤɚ ɫɬɿɣɤɨɫɬɿ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜ ɩɿɪɢɦɿ ɞɢɧɿɜ ɿ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ ɭ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿ ɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɡɨɧɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɪɢɡɢɤɭɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹɧɢɦɢʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯɜɨɞ
ɆȺɌȿɊȱȺɅɂɌȺɆȿɌɈȾɂȾɈɋɅȱȾɀȿɇɖ
Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɧɚɦɢ ɛɭɥɢ ɨɛɪɚɧɿ ɨɞɧɿ ɡ ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲɩɨɲɢɪɟɧɢɯɧɚɫɶɨɝɨɞɧɿɜɍɤɪɚʀɧɿɤɥɚɫɢ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɢ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨ
ɧɚɡɨɥ ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ɬɚ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɢ ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ Ȳɯ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɭ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɸɜɚɥɢ ɡ ɧɨɜɨɸ ɞɿɸɱɨɸ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɨɸ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ±ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɨɦ
ȱɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹɩɪɨɮɿɡɢɤɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɫɬɿɞɨ ɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɞɿɸɱɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɞɪ ɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɡɝɿɞɧɨɡ>@ɿɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɿ
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɿɧɤɢ ɫɬɿɣɤɨɫɬɿ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɞɪ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭ ɜɚɧɢɯ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ ɧɚɦɢ ɛɭɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɿ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɿɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɜɪɿɡɧɢɯʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱ ɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɡ ɪɿɡɧɢɦɢ ɬɢɩɚɦɢ ʉɪɭɧɬɿɜ ɍɦɨɜɢ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜ ɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɨɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɿ
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɛɭɥɢ ɜɢ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɿɞɥɹɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɦɨɞɟɥɸɜɚɧɧɹɩɨɜɟ ɞɿɧɤɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɞɪ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ Ȼɭɥɢ ɪɨɡɪɚ ɯɨɜɚɧɿ ɩɟɪɿɨɞ ɧɚɩɿɜɪɭɣɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ IJ ɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚ
ɲɜɢɞɤɨɫɬɿɪɭɣɧɚɰɿʀɄ
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Q±ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɶ [±ɱɚɫɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨʀɨɛɪɨɛɤɢɞɨɛɚ
\±ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɭ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɱɚɫɭ[
ɉɪɢ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɿ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜ ɜ ɨɛ¶ɽɤɬɚɯ ɚɝɪɨɰɟɧɨɡɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɭ IJ ɞɪ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɛɭɜ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɢɣ
ɦɟɬɨɞ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɹɤɢɣ ɩɟ ɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɨɜɟ ɜɿɞɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜ ɪɭɣɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜ ɡɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɢɦɢ ɳɨɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɬɢʀɯɫɬɿɣɤɿɫɬɶ
Ⱦɥɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɧɚɦɢ ɛɭɥɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɨ ɟɤɫɩɨ ɧɟɧɰɿɣɧɭ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɡ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɲɨɝɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ
&
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NWɞɟ &W±ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɜɦɨɦɟɧɬɱɚɫɭWɦɝɤɝ&±ɜɢɯɿɞɧɚɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɦɝɤɝ
N±ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɚɲɜɢɞɤɨɫɬɿɪɨɡɩɚɞɭɞɨɛɚ
ɉɊɈɎȱɅȺɄɌɂɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 1
Ɏɿɡɢɤɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɞɿɸɱɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ>@
Ⱦɿɸɱɚɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɚ Ɏɿɡɢɤɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɣ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ
ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ
ȿɦɩɿɪɢɱɧɚɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ &+1 &+&O12 &+&O12 &+1 &+1 &+&O12
ɏɿɦɿɱɧɚɧɚɡɜɚɡɚ
,83$& ɨɤɬɢɥ>@ɬɪɟɬɢɥ ɢɚɡɨɥɨ>ɚ@ɩɿ ɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɚɦɿɧ
^> ɯɥɨɪɮɟɧɨɤɫɢ
ɯɥɨɪɮɟɧɿɥ ɦɟɬɢɥ ɞɿɨɤɫɨɥɚɧ ɿɥɦɟɬɢɥ@`ɇ
ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥ
56ɩ ɯɥɨɪɮɟɧɿɥ ɞɢɦɟɬɢɥɇ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥ
ɿɥɦɟɬɢɥ ɩɟɧɬɚɧɨɥ
ɰɢɤɥɨɩɪɨ ɩɿɥɦɟɬɢɥ ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧ ɿɥɮɟɧɿɥɚɦɿɧ
1ɞɢɦɟ ɬɢɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧ
ɿɥɚɧɿɥɿɧ
(=> ɯɥɨɪɮɟɧɿɥ ɞɢɦɟɬɨ ɤɿɮɟɧɿɥɚɤɪɢ ɥɨɿɥ@ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧ
Ɇɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɚɦɚɫɚ
ɝɦɨɥɶ
Ɋɨɡɱɢɧɧɿɫɬɶɭɜɨɞɿ
ɩɪɢɋɦɝɥ
Ʉɨɟɮɿɰɿɽɧɬɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɭ ɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɿ
ɨɤɬɚɧɨɥɜɨɞɚ/RJ3 ɩɪɢɪɇɋ
Ɍɢɫɤɩɚɪɢɩɪɢɋ
ɦɉɚ î
î î î î
Ʉɨɟɮɿɰɿɽɧɬɫɨɪɛɰɿʀ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɦɜɭɝɥɟɰɟɦ .RF
Ɂɪɚɡɤɢ ɩɪɨɛ ɜɿɞɛɢɪɚɥɢ ɩɨɱɢɧɚɸɱɢ ɡ ɞɧɹ ɨɛɪɨɛɤɢ ɬɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ ɜɩɪɨɞɨɜɠ ɭɫɶɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɿɨɞɭ ɜɟɝɟɬɚɰɿʀ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿɣ ɜɿɞɛɿɪ ɩɪɨɛ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɡɛɨɪɿ ɜɪɨɠɚɸ ȼɦɿɫɬ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭ ɜɚɧɢɯ ɞɪ ɭ ɩɪɨɛɚɯ ʉɪɭɧɬɭ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɢ ɡɚ ɞɨ ɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ȽɊɏ ɝɚɡɨɪɿɞɢɧɧɚ ɯɪɨɦɚɬɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ ɬɚ ȼȿɊɏɜɢɫɨɤɨɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɪɿɞɢɧɧɚɯɪɨɦɚɬɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ Ɇɟɠɚ ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɭ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɦɝɤɝ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɭ ± ɦɝɤɝ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɭɿɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥɭ±ɦɝɤɝɩɿɪɢɦɟ ɬɚɧɿɥɭ±ɦɝɤɝɬɚɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮɭ±ɦɝɤɝ
Ɂɚ ɫɬɚɛɿɥɶɧɿɫɬɸ ɬɚ ɦɿɝɪɚɰɿɣɧɨɸ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɸ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ ɤɥɚɫɢɮɿɤɭɜɚɥɢ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɤɥɚɫɢ ɮɿɤɚɰɿɸȾɋɚɧɉɿɧ>@ɹɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɚɽ ɤɥɚɫɢɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɡɚɫɬɚɛɿɥɶɧɿɫɬɸɭʉɪɭɧɬɿɤɥɚɫ± IJ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɛɿɥɶɲɟ ɞɿɛ ɜɢɫɨɤɨɫɬɿɣɤɿ
ɤɥɚɫ±IJɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ±ɞɿɛɫɬɿɣɤɿɤɥɚɫ±
IJɜɦɟɠɚɯ±ɞɿɛɩɨɦɿɪɧɨɫɬɿɣɤɿɤɥɚɫ±
IJɦɟɧɲɟɞɿɛɦɚɥɨɫɬɿɣɤɿȾɥɹɨɰɿɧɤɢɞɚɧɢɯ
ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɡ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɛɿɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɞɪ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ
ɛɭɥɨ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɨɜɚɧɨ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɿ ɤɥɚɫɢɮɿɤɚɰɿʀ ,83$&ɬɚ66/5ɋ>@
ɉɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɦɿɝɪɚɰɿʀ ɮɭɧɝɿ ɰɢɞɿɜɭʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿɜɨɞɢɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɥɢɡɚɪɹɞɨɦɩɨ ɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɿɧɞɟɤɫ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɦɢɜɚɧɧɹ *86 >@ɿɧɞɟɤɫɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯ ɬɚ ɪɿɱɤɨɜɢɯ ɜɨɞ /ȿȺɋɇ >@ ɹɤɿ ɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɸɬɶ
ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɶɪɨɡɩɚɞɭɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜɭʉɪɭɧɬɿIJɤɨɟ
ɮɿɰɿɽɧɬ ɫɨɪɛɰɿʀ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɦ ɜɭɝɥɟɰɟɦ Ʉɨɫ ɬɚ
ɪɨɡɱɢɧɧɿɫɬɶɭɜɨɞɿ
Ⱦɥɹ ɿɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɨɰɿɧɤɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɧɟɛɟɡ ɩɟɤɢɜɩɥɢɜɭɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɥɸɞɢɧɢɩɪɢ ɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿ ɬɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɿ ɜɨɞɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɢɣ ɿɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤ ɧɟɛɟɡ ɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿɩɪɢɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿɭɜɨɞɭȱɉɇȼ>@
ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɂɌȺȲɏɈȻȽɈȼɈɊȿɇɇə
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 2
ɍɦɨɜɢɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɿɜɤɥɚɫɿɜɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ
ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɬɚɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ
Ⱦɿɸɱɚ
ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɚ ɉɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ
ɇɨɪɦɚ ɜɢɬɪɚɬɡɚ
ɞɪɝɝɚ Ʉɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ
ʈɪɭɧɬɨɜɨ ɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɚɡɨɧɚ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ Ɍɢɩʉɪɭɧɬɭ Ɍɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɭɯɢɣɋɬɟɩ
ȺɊɄɪɢɦ ɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ Ⱥɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɈɪɜɟɝɨɄɋ
ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹɬɨɦɚɬɢ
ɨɝɿɪɤɢɰɢɛɭɥɹ Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ Ɍɪɢɚɡɨɥɢ
ɹɛɥɭɧɿ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ
Ʌɿɫɨɫɬɟɩ
ɑɟɪɤɚɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɫɿɪɿɥɿɫɨɜɿɬɟɦɧɨɫɿɪɿ ɇɚɬɿɜɨ:*
ɬɨɦɚɬɢɦɨɪɤɜɚ ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹ ɹɛɥɭɧɿ
ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ ȱɤɚɪɭɫɜɟ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɬɟɩ
Ɇɢɤɨɥɚʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ Ɍɚɥɟɧɬɤɟ ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ ɹɛɥɭɧɿ Ʌɿɫɨɫɬɟɩ
ɑɟɪɤɚɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɫɿɪɿɥɿɫɨɜɿɬɟɦɧɨɫɿɪɿ Ɍɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ
Ɉɪɿɭɫɜɟ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɬɟɩɈɞɟɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ
ɄɜɚɞɪɿɫɌɨɩ6& ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹɬɨɦɚɬɢ
ɬɨɦɚɬɢ ɊɟɜɭɫɌɨɩ6&
ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹ
ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ
ɬɨɦɚɬɢ Ʌɿɫɨɫɬɟɩ
ɑɟɪɤɚɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɫɿɪɿɥɿɫɨɜɿɬɟɦɧɨɫɿɪɿ ɋɤɨɪȿɋ
ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹ Ⱦɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ
ɋɟɥɟɫɬɌɨɩ)6 ɝɬ ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹ
ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ
ɉɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɭɯɢɣɋɬɟɩȺɊ
Ʉɪɢɦ ɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ ɹɛɥɭɧɿ Ʌɿɫɨɫɬɟɩ
ɑɟɪɤɚɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɫɿɪɿɥɿɫɨɜɿɬɟɦɧɨɫɿɪɿ ɋɤɚɥɚ6&
ɬɨɦɚɬɢ ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ ɉɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ
Ɏɥɿɧɬɋɬɚɪ6& ɹɛɥɭɧɿɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ Ʌɿɫɨɫɬɟɩ
ɑɟɪɤɚɫɶɤɚ ɱɨɪɧɨɡɟɦɢɫɿɪɿɥɿɫɨɜɿɬɟɦɧɨɫɿɪɿ ɐɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ɋɜɿɬɱ:* ɨɝɿɪɤɢɬɨɦɚɬɢ ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ Ɇɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɢ
ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɭɯɢɣɋɬɟɩȺɊ
Ʉɪɢɦ ɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ ɈɪɜɟɝɨɄɋ
ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹɬɨɦɚɬɢ
ɨɝɿɪɤɢɰɢɛɭɥɹ Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɭɯɢɣɋɬɟɩȺɊ
Ʉɪɢɦ ɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ ɋɮɿɧɤɫȿɤɫɬɪɚɜɝ
ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɹ ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɚ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨɩɿɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɿ ȺɤɪɨɛɚɬɌɨɩȼȽ ɜɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɋɭɯɢɣɋɬɟɩȺɊ
Ʉɪɢɦ ɤɚɲɬɚɧɨɜɿ Ⱦɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ
ɄɚɛɪɿɨȾɭɨɤɟ ɬɨɦɚɬɢɰɢɛɭɥɹɨɝɿɪɤɢ ɉɨɥɿɫɫɹ
ɉɊɈɎȱɅȺɄɌɂɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
Ⱦɨɛɚɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ
Ʉɨ
ɧɰ
ɟɧ
ɬɪ
ɚɰ
ɿɹ
ɦ
ɝɤ
ɝ
ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ
ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ
ɍɫɟɪɟɞɧɟɧɿɞɚɧɿɳɨɞɨɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɢɜɦɿɫɬɭɞɿɸɱɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɤɥɚɫɭɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɬɚɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜɭʉɪɭɧɬɿ
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɿɧɚɦɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɳɨɚɦɟ ɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɪɭɣɧɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɿ ɡ IJ ±ɞɨɛɢ
Ɂɝɿɞɧɨɡɱɢɧɧɨɸɝɿɝɿɽɧɿɱɧɨɸɤɥɚɫɢɮɿɤɚɰɿɽɸɩɟɫɬɢ ɰɢɞɿɜ>@ɡɚɫɬɿɣɤɿɫɬɸɭʉɪɭɧɬɿɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɹɤɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɯ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿɜ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɜ ɿɧɲɢɯɤɪɚʀɧɚɯɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɜɿɞɧɟɫɟɧɢɣɞɨ,9ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿɦɚɥɨɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿɫɩɨɥɭɤɢ
Ⱦɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɿ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɢ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜ ± ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ɿ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚ ɬɢɱɧɢɯɭɦɨɜɚɯɍɤɪɚʀɧɢɪɭɣɧɭɸɬɶɫɹɜʉɪɭɧɬɿɡIJ
ɜ ɦɟɠɚɯ ± ɞɨɛɢ ɿ ɞɨɛɢ ɜɿɞɩɨ ɜɿɞɧɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ± ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ ± ɞɨɛɢ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ± ɞɨɛɢ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ±ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ±ɞɨɛɢ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 3
ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɢɫɬɿɣɤɨɫɬɿɭʉɪɭɧɬɿɬɚɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɭɜɚɧɧɹɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɦɿɝɪɚɰɿʀ
ɭʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿɜɨɞɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɞɿɸɱɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯɤɥɚɫɿɜ
ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɿɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ
IJʉɪɭɧɬɞɿɛ IJʉɪɭɧɬɞɿɛ *86 *86
ʋ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɚȾɿɸɱɚ
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IJIJ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɪɚɧɝ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɪɚɧɝ
Ⱥɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ
±
Ⱦɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ ±
Ɍɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ
±
ɐɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥ ±
ɉɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ
± Ⱦɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ
Ɉɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɧɚɦɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɲɜɢɞɤɨɫɬɿ ɞɟɝɪɚɞɚɰɿʀ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɬɚ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ ɜɿɞɧɟɫɬɢ ɞɪ ɤɥɚɫɭɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜɞɨȱȱɤɥɚɫɭɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿɡɝɿɞɧɨɡ >@ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɢɤɥɚɫɭɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɿɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ± ɞɨȱȱȱɤɥɚɫɭɩɨɦɿɪɧɨɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿ
ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɧɚ ɨɛɪɨɛɤɚ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨ ɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿɜ ɩɨ ɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɳɨ IJ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ
ɤɥɚɫɭ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɿɪɧɨ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɪɿɡɧɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɛɥ ɐɟ ɞɚɥɨɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɜɚɬɢɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤ ɩɟɪɿɨɞɭ ɧɚɩɿɜɪɭɣɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɥɹ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɬɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨ ɳɨ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨʀ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɬɚ ɮɿɡɢɤɨ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɟ ɜɩɥɢɜɚɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɶ ʀɯ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɡɦɭ ɉɨɪɿɜɧɹɥɶɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɭʉɪɭɧɬɿɩɨɤɥɚɫɚɯɩɨɤɚɡɚɜɳɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣ IJ ɞɥɹ ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɭ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɨɛɢ
ɞɥɹɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜ±ɞɨɛɢɞɥɹɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ± ɞɨɛɢ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ ± ɞɨɛɢ Ɍɨɛɬɨ ɧɚɣɲɜɢɞɲɟ ɜ ɨɛ¶ɽɤɬɚɯ ɚɝɪɨɰɟɧɨɡɭ ɪɭɣ ɧɭɽɬɶɫɹɧɨɜɚɫɩɨɥɭɤɚɤɥɚɫɭɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ± ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɪ
ɉɪɢ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɿ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɬɿɣɤɨɫɬɿ ɞɨ ɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɭ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ʉɪɭɧɬɿɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢɬɚɿɧɲɢɯɤɪɚʀɧȯɜɪɨɩɢɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɳɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɿ ɞɪ ɦɟɧɲ ɫɬɿɣɤɿ ɭ ɩɟɪɲɨɦɭ ɜɢ ɩɚɞɤɭ ɧɿɠ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ Ɍɚɤɚ ɪɿɡɧɢɰɹ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɪɿɡɧɢɦɢ ɬɢɩɚɦɢ ʉɪɭɧɬɿɜ ɬɚ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɤɥɿ ɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯɭɦɨɜ
Ɉɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɿɞɧɢɦ ɥɚɧɰɸɝɨɦ ɦɿɝɪɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜɭɛɿɨɫɮɟɪɿɽʉɪɭɧɬɧɚɦɢɛɭɥɨɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɨɰɿɧɤɭ ɪɢɡɢɤɭ ɣɦɨɜɿɪɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɿɞ ɡɟɦɧɢɯ ɜɨɞ ɡɚ ɿɧɞɟɤɫɚɦɢ *86 ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿ ɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯɭɦɨɜɚɯɍɤɪɚʀɧɢɬɚɿɧɲɢɯɤɪɚʀɧȯɜɪɨɩɢ ɬɚɛɥ
Ȼɭɥɨ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɳɨ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜɤɥɚɫɿɜɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɿɜ ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ɬɚ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɿɜ ɭ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚ ɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɿɫɧɭɽ ɧɢɡɶɤɢɣ ɪɢɡɢɤ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯ ɜɨɞ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɭ ɜɫɿɯ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɚɯ *86 ɛɭɜ ɬɚɛɥ ɍ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨ ɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɪɟɲɬɢ ɤɪɚʀɧ ȯɜɪɨɩɢ ɡɧɚ ɱɟɧɧɹ ɿɧɞɟɤɫɭ *86 ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɭ ɿ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨ ɧɚɡɨɥɭɫɩɿɜɩɚɞɚɸɬɶɡɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɦɢɧɚɦɢɞɚɧɢɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɭ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥɭ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥɭ ɬɚ ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮɭ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɥɢ ɞɟɳɨ ɜɢɳɢɦɢ ɳɨ ɿɦɨɜɿɪɧɨ ɩɨɜ¶ɹɡɚɧɨ ɡ ɛɿɥɶɲɨɸ ɫɬɿɣɤɿɫɬɸ ɞɨɫɥɿɞ ɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɭʉɪɭɧɬɚɯɉɿɜɧɿɱɧɨʀɬɚɁɚɯɿɞɧɨʀ ȯɜɪɨɩɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥɭ ɿ ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮɭ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɚɯ ȯɜɪɨɩɢ ɿɫɧɭɽ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɧɢɣ ɪɢɡɢɤ ɡɚɛɪɭɞ ɧɟɧɧɹʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯɜɨɞɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɭ±ɜɢɫɨɤɚɣɦɨ
ɜɿɪɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯ ɜɨɞ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɧɠɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ *86 ɜɿɞ ɦɿɧɿɦɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨʀɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɜɢɦɢɜɚɧɧɹɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿ ɜɨɞɢ ɪɚɧɝɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɡɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɬɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɤɪɚʀɧ ȯɜɪɨɩɢ ɫɩɿɜɩɚɞɚɸɬɶ
əɤɜɢɞɧɨɡɬɚɛɥɢɰɿɜʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯɍɤɪɚʀɧɢɪɢɡɢɤɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɢɯɬɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɢɯ ɜɨɞ ɡɚ ɿɧɞɟɤɫɨɦ /ȿȺɋɇ ɚɦɟ ɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɨɦ ɞɢɮɟɧɨɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɨɦ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥɨɦ ɿ ɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮɨɦ ɧɢɡɶɤɢɣ ɤɥɚɫ ɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɨɦ ± ɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣ ɤɥɚɫ ɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥɨɦ ± ɜɢɫɨɤɢɣ ɤɥɚɫȼɭɦɨɜɚɯɿɧɲɢɯɤɪɚʀɧȯɜɪɨɩɢɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɭ ɬɚ ɰɢɩɪɨɞɢɧɿɥɭ ɹɤɿ ɜɿɞɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɞɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɢɡɶɤɢɣ ɪɢɡɢɤɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹɳɨɞɨɿɧɲɢɯɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɬɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥɿɞɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ ɜɿɞɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɞɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɜɢɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɢɡɢɤ ɞɢɮɟɧɨ ɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ±ɞɨɤɥɚɫɭɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣɪɢɡɢɤ
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Ⱦɥɹɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹɨɰɿɧɤɢɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨʀɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɩɟɫɬɢɰɢɞɿɜ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿɜʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿɬɚɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɿɜɨɞɢɧɚɦɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɢɣ ɿɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱ ɧɨɫɬɿɩɪɢɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿɭɜɨɞɭȱɉɇȼɬɚɨɰɿɧɨɱɧɚ ɲɤɚɥɚ >@ ɹɤɚ ɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɜɚɥɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ /ȿȺɋɇ IJɭ ɜɨɞɿ ɬɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨʀ ɞɨɛɨɜɨʀ ɞɨɡɢ
ȾȾȾ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɥɚ ɱɨɬɢɪɢ ɝɪɚɞɚɰɿʀ ɉɿɫɥɹ ɞɨɞɚɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɫɿɯ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɛɚɥɿɜ ɨɰɿɧɸɜɚɥɢ ɿɧ ɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɬɪɚɩ ɥɹɧɧɿɭɜɨɞɭȱɉɇȼɬɚɛɥ
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ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɤɥɚɫ ɛɚɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɤɥɚɫ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɛɚɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɛɚɥɢ ɛɚɥɢ ɤɥɚɫ
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Ɍɟɛɭɤɨɧɚɡɨɥ Ȼ
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ɉɿɪɢɦɟɬɚɧɿɥ Ȼ
Ⱦɢɦɟɬɨɦɨɪɮ ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɿ ɬ ɤ ɢ ±ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿɜʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɤɥɿɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯɭɦɨɜɚɯɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ±ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿɡɚɞɚɧɢɦɢ>@±ɡɝɿɞɧɨɡ>@ ±ɡɝɿɞɧɨɡ>@
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ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɳɨɡɚɫɬɿɣɤɿɫɬɸɭʉɪɭɧɬɿɫɩɨ ɥɭɤɚɧɨɜɨɝɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨɤɥɚɫɭɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ± ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɞɨ ,9 ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɟɛɟɡ ɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿɦɚɥɨɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿɫɩɨɥɭɤɢɜɬɨɣɱɚɫɹɤ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɢ ɧɚɥɟɠɚɬɶ ɞɨ ȱȱ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿ ɫɩɨ ɥɭɤɢ ɚ ɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɢ ɿ ɦɨɪɮɨɥɿɧɢ ± ɞɨ ȱȱȱ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɩɨɦɿɪɧɨ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɳɨ ɧɚɣɲɜɢɞ ɲɟɜʉɪɭɧɬɿɪɭɣɧɭɽɬɶɫɹɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧɪ
ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɥɶɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɫɬɿɣɤɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ ɨɰɿɧɤɚ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɞɨ ɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɮɭɧɝɿɰɢɞɿɜɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɥɸɞɢɧɢɩɪɢ ɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿ ɜ ʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɿ ɬɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɿ ɜɨɞɢ ɩɨ ɤɚɡɚɜɳɨɧɚɣɦɟɧɲɭɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɩɨɥɭ ɤɚ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɬɪɢɚɡɨɥɩɿɪɢɦɿɞɢɧɿɜ ± ɚɦɟɬɨɤɬɪɚɞɢɧ ɹɤɢɣ ɜɿɞɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɞɨ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɧɟ ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ ɿɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɨɦ ɧɟɛɟɡ ɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿɩɪɢɩɨɬɪɚɩɥɹɧɧɿɭɜɨɞɭ
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Ⱦɍ «ȱɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɝɿɝɿɽɧɢɬɚɦɟɞɢɱɧɨʀɟɤɨɥɨɝɿʀɿɦɈ.Ɇ. ɆɚɪɡɽɽɜɚɇȺɆɇɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ»
ɜɭɥ. ɉɨɩɭɞɪɟɧɤɨ, 50, Ʉɢʀɜ, 02660, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ
SI «O.M. Marzyeev Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology NAMS of Ukraine» Popudrenko str., 50, Kiev, 02660, Ukraine
e-mail: oberdnyk@ukr.net
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿɫɥɨɜɚɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɚɡɚɯɜɨɪɸɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ, ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɡɚɯɜɨɪɸɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ, ɞɿɬɢɫɬɚɪɲɨɝɨɞɨɲɤɿɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɿɤɭ
.H\ZRUGV dynamics of morbidity, prognosis of morbidity, preschool age children
Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬɉɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɤɚɤɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɣɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ȻɟɪɞɧɢɤɈȼ ɊɭɞɧɢɰɤɚɹɈɉ ȾɨɛɪɹɧɫɤɚɹɈȼ ɉɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ
ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɭ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɦɟɪ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɚɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ. ɐɟɥɶɸɪɚɛɨɬɵ
