Rev. Fac. Med. vet. Z o o tec. Univ. S. Paulo 1 4 (2 ):1 9 9 -2 0 3 ,1977
STUDY ON THE THYROID FUNCTION OF MALE AND FEMALE
THOROUGHBRED HORSES IN DIFFERENT TIMES AFTER WINNING
RACES AT THE HIPPODROME Cl DADE JARDIM, WITH THE USE
OF "IN VITRO" 125|.
t3 AND 125|.
j4 TESTS
B enedicto W ladem ir DE M ARTIN*
R FM V -A /22
DE M ARTIN, B.W. S tu d y o n th e th yr o id fu n c tio n o f male a n d fem a le thoroughbred horses in diffe ren t tim es a fte r winning races a t th e hippodrom e Cidade Jardim , w ith th e use o f “in v itro ” 12 $ I-T % and 1 2 5 l . f 3 tests. Rev. Fac. Med. vet. Z ootec. Univ. S. Paulo, 14(2 ): 199-203, 1977.
SUM M ARY: The a u th o r has stu d ied nine animals, fiv e fem a les a n d fo u r males, observing also data on age, weight, pulse, breathing and tem perature taken before and a fte r the race, besides the values o f T^ and 7”4 Tests o f th e sera collected 30, 60, 90 and 120 m inutes after th e event. We have perform ed variance and regression analysis fo r the results o f T3 and T4 Tests o b tained fr o m this group. For T j Test significance was fo u n d as to sex, along w ith linear regression, with the sam e results fo r T4 Test w ith o u t linear regression. We have a dded the data relative to T3 Test o f this g roup w ith those o b tained fr o m sera o f male and fem a le horses, in repose and after a ctivity, to the values o b ta in ed fr o m fem a les over 90 days pregnant verifying statistical significance through variance analysis. With the help o f T u k e y ’s test, we have noticed, in this case, differences a m ong th e three groups.
The data referring to T4 Test o f sera o f male a n d fem a le horses a fte r winning a race, in repose, after a ctivity, w ith data o b ta in ed fr o m fem a les over 90 days pregnant show ed statistical significance b y vari ance analysis. Using T u k e y ’s test in the fo u r groups, we fo u n d that o n ly the horses in repose group differed fr o m the others.
UN ITERM S: Thyroid, fu n c tio n s '; E q u i n e s “In v itro ” tests.
INTR OD U CTIO N
The observation th a t th e th o ro u g h b re d equines presented d ifferen t values fo r T4
T est for groups o f b o th sexes, in repose and a fte r activity and again for fem ales betw een 45 and 55 days pregnant, w hen com pared w ith th e values fo u n d in th o se in m ore ad vances stages o f pregnancy, led th e a u th o r to perform a stu d y on th e fu nctional behavior o f th e th y ro id glands o f these anim als, b o th males and females, th ro u g h th e use o f “ in v itro ” T3 and T4 Tests, dosed in sera rem o ved from bleeding at 30, 60, 9 0 and 120 m inutes afte r w inning th e race.
LIT E R A T U R E
T3 and T4 T ests 14** 2 , 1 3| 1 , 2 1 applied to sera in horses9'.5' 6 , 8 ' 1 0 ' 3' 4 proved to be o f in terest to th e stu d y o f th e th y ro id fu n c tio n o f these animals.
The stu d y o f th e th y ro id fu n ctio n o f these anim als by th e use o f radioisotopic t e c h n i q u e s1 s/9i7>5i6*8>10<3>4>) especially w ith th e help o f T3 and T4 Tests, show ed th a t th e value varies in accordance w ith th e activity, b u t rem ains c o n stan t as regards to sex, age and w eight7' 10,3>4.
Thus, for values o f T3 T est we have fo u n d as norm al results betw een 4 3 and
* Professor Livre-Docente.
D epartam ento de Cirurgia e O bstetrícia. Faculdade de M edicina V eterinária da USP.
5 9% 6 >® >*0 , although, to establish a com pari son w ith those here show n, we have conside red th e average o f 50.30% (P .S.I.) for horses a fte r activity and in repose and o f 44.30% fo r pregnant fem
ales4-F o r T4 T est th e values fo u n d are betw een 0 .7 6 and 2 .6 0 meg6 .8 , b u t we pre fer to w ork w ith average values for th o roughbred selected as norm al in repose, fe males over 60 days pregnant an d a fte r activi ty o f 0.61 meg, 2 ,2 9 meg a n d 2 .0 ] meg
T4 / ] 0 0 ml4 , respectively.
M ATERIAL AND METHODS We have exam ined th e serum o f nine animals, w inners o f races a t th e São Paulo Jo c k ey Club, being fo u r males and five fem a les, aged betw een th ree an d five years and fo u r years, respectively, rem oving in each bleeding an average o f 30 ml o f b lood frQm th e jugular vein. A fter clo t retrac tio n , ce n tri fugation was d one and th e n th e serum was placed in te st tu b e s and k e p t in freezer at -10°C.
T o m easure th e activity o f th e 125j bo u n d to the th y ro id horm ones we have used th e m odel 8 7 2 5 gam m a spectro m etric system o f th e N uclear Chicago, coupled to a tw o inches diam eter well d e te c to r w ith Nal crystal ( T l ) and a 16m m inner diam eter, gauged fo r th e 12 5 j energy, w ith a 1 5 K ev w indow.
M e th o d to establish the percentage o f the 1 2 5 l-ly o th yro n in e re ten tio n in resin (T est
125l_T3 o r T3 T est.)*m odified.
The a u th o r has used S C H O L E R ’s m e th o d (1 9 6 2 ), in tro d u c in g m odifications and in this work have varied th e am o u n t o f se rum o f 0 .0 5 to 0.2 ml d irectly deposi te d on th e resin colum m afte r ad d itio n o f th e 12 5 l.ly 0 th y ro n in e in o rd er to m easure the places n o t bo u n d to th e triio d o th y ro n i ne.
M e th o d to d eterm in e the to ta l th y ro x in
(T est 1 2 5 m 4 Dr T4 T est)* *
F o r this, we have em ployed th e me th o d proposed b y MURPHY & PATTEE (1 9 6 4 ).
We have established th e averages and sta n d ard deviations as well as P earson’s varia b ility coefficient o f th e values included in th e tables show ing th e results.
L ater on, we have equalled th e values by allo tm e n t and before th e tre a tm e n t these w ere co n v e rted in to angles (angle = arc. sen. % /percentage ).
To verify th e statistical significance w ith a 95% co n fidence coefficient we have p erform ed th e variance and regression analy sis.
T he a u th o r has m ake T u k e y ’s test in o rd er to elucidate differences betw een th e groups th a t show ed significance in th e vari ance analysis.
RESULTS
In Tables I an d II, o f fem ale and male w inners, respectively, we have registered cli nical d ata o n age, w eight, pulse, breathing and te m p eratu re , ta k en before and afte r th e race, besides th e values o f T3 an d T4 Tests o f sera collected 30, 60, 9 0 an d 120 m inutes a fte r th e event. F o r th e females, as average results o f T3 and T4 T ests o f sera collected 30, 60, 90 and 120 m inutes, respectively, we o b ta in e d th e values o f 55.58% and 2 .4 7 meg; 64.43% and 2 .4 8 meg; 65.52% and 2.34 meg; and 62.23% o f 12 5 l.ly 0 th y ronine re te n tio n in resin and 2.52 meg o f T 4 /1 0 0 ml o f serum . F o r th e males, as average results o f T3 and T 4 , a t 30, 60, 9 0 and 120 m inutes, respectively, we fo u n d th e values o f 47.47% a n d 2.67 meg; 60.31% and 2.93 meg; 60.00% and 2.49 meg; and 58.59% o f 125x_ly0 th y r 0 n inne re te n tio n in resin and
2 . 6 6 meg o f th y ro x in e per 1 0 0 ml o f sa- rum . T he a u th o r has perfo rm ed th e variance a n d regression analysis fo r th e T3 and T4
T ests, respectively, applied to th e date found. F o r T3 T est, th e re was significance as to sex as well as linear regression, w ith th e same result for T4 T est w ith o u t linear regres sion. By T u k e y ’s te st, th e au th o rs observed th a t this was due to th e first anim al.
* T riluta, Ames C om pany. Israel ** T etralu te, Ames C om pany. Israel
Rev. Fac. Med. vet. Zootec. Univ. S. Paulo, 1 4 (2 ):1 9 9 -2 0 3 ,1977. T A B L E 1 — A v e ra g e s, s ta n d a rd a n d Pe ar son 's v a ri a b il it y c o e ff ic ie n t o f t h ro u g h b re d f e m a le s, a c c o rd n g t o a g e ( y e a rs ), w e ig h t, p u ls e , b re a th in g a n d te m p e ra tu re , a n d r e su lt s o b ta in e d w it h t h e h e lp o f T 3 T e st (r e te n ti o n p e rc e n ta g e ) a n d 1 4 (m e g T 4 1 1 0 0 m l) , a c c o rd in g t o t im e e la p se d a ft e r w in n in g a ra ce . H ip p o d ro m e C id a d e J a rd im . S ã o Pa u lo , 1 9 7 3 . N A M E 'S A G E W EIG HT P U L S E B R E A T H IN G T E M P E R A T U R E TI M E ( M IN U T E S ) \ F T E R TH E R A C E IN IT IA L (k g ) (M IN UTES) (M 1N L IT E S )
rc
R A C IN G (M E T E R S ) 3 0 6 0 9 0 1 2 0 B E F O R E A F T E R B E F O R E A F T E R B E F O R E A F T E R T 3 T 4 T 3 T a T 3 T a T 3 T a B . 3 4 1 0 5 4 1 1 4 1 8 4 2 38 ,1 3 9 ,6 1 4 0 0 6 4 ,9 8 2 ,4 1 6 2 ,8 4 2 ,2 6 7 1 ,1 4 2 ,3 5 6 5 ,3 6 2 ,1 2 B . 3 4 0 0 3 6 1 1 6 1 2 5 4 3 8 ,2 3 9 ,7 1 0 0 0 5 1 ,7 7 2 ,0 6 6 1 ,9 3 2 ,1 8 7 0 ,0 6 2 ,2 6 6 4 ,1 3 2 ,1 1 H . 3 4 2 8 4 2 1 1 4 14 72 3 8 ,0 3 9 ,6 1 4 0 0 6 3 ,0 8 2 ,3 8 6 1 ,8 4 2 ,4 1 6 3 ,7 6 2,3 1 6 4 ,6 2 2 ,6 6 Y. 4 4 1 0 3 6 1 2 0 1 2 5 4 3 8 ,0 3 9 ,0 1 2 0 0 4 8 ,9 3 2 ,7 3 5 6 ,2 4 2 ,9 5 6 2 ,5 2 2 ,3 5 6 5 ,9 1 2 ,6 7 Q ■ 4 4 2 8 5 4 1 2 0 18 5 4 -3 9 ,6 1 2 0 0 4 9 ,1 6 2 ,7 8 7 9 ,3 0 2 ,5 8 6 0 ,1 4 2 ,4 3 5 1 ,1 1 3 ,0 4 x (M ea n ) 3 ,4 4 1 5 ,2 4 4 ,4 1 1 6 ,8 1 4 ,8 5 5 ,2 3 8 ,1 3 9 ,5 1 2 4 0 5 5 ,5 8 2 ,4 7 6 4 ,4 3 2 ,4 8 6 5 ,5 2 2 ,3 4 6 2 ,2 3 2 ,5 2 f ( S ta n d a rd devi at ion ) 0 ,5 5 1 2 ,3 7 9 ,0 9 3 ,0 3 3 ,0 3 1 0 ,7 0 0 ,0 9 0 ,2 8 1 6 7 ,3 3 7 ,8 2 0 ,2 9 8 ,7 1 0 ,3 1 4 ,8 3 0 ,0 6 6 ,2 5 0 ,4 0 Pe ars on s v a ri a b il it y c o e ff ic ie n t 1 6 ,2 3 ,0 2 0 ,5 2 ,6 2 0 ,5 1 9 ,4 0 ,3 0 ,7 1 3 ,5 14 ,1 1 1 ,9 1 3 ,5 1 2 ,4 7 ,4 2 ,7 1 0 ,0 1 5 ,9 T A B L E 2 -A v e ra g e s, st a n d a rd d e v ia ti o n s a n d Pe ar son 's v a ri a b il it y c o e ff ic ie n t o f t h o ro u g h b re d ma le s, a c c o rd in g t o a g e ( y e a rs ), w e ig h t, p u ls e , b re a th in g a n d t e m p e ra tu re , a n d r e su lt s o b ta in e d w it h t h e h e lp o f T 3 T e st (r e te n ti o n p e rc e n ta g e ) a n d T A ( m e g T 4 I1 0 0 m l) , e c c o rd in g to t im e e la p se d a ft e r w in n in g a r a c e . h ip p o d ro m e C id a d e J a rd im . Sâ o Pa u lo, 1 9 7 3 . N A M E 'S IN IT IA L A G E WEIGHT (k g ) P U L S E (M IN U T E S ) B R E A T H IN G (M IN U T E S ) T E M P E R A T U R E <°C ) R A C IN G (M ETE RS ) T IM E (M IN U T E S ) A F T E R TH E R A C E 3 0 6 0 9 0 1 2 0 B E F O R E A F T E R B E F O R E A F T E R B E F O R E A F T E R T 3 T a T 3 T a T 3 T a t 3 T a S. 4 4 7 0 4 0 1 1 4 1 4 5 4 3 8 ,2 3 9 ,5 1 6 0 9 4 7 ,1 0 3 ,7 9 5 0 ,2 2 4 ,1 3 4 8 ,4 1 2 ,6 0 5 0 ,7 2 2 ,7 5 z . 3 4 5 0 4 6 1 2 0 1 6 6 6 -3 9 ,8 1 6 0 0 4 8 ,9 1 2 ,3 2 6 8 ,6 9 2 ,3 5 6 3 ,2 8 2 ,4 8 6 0 ,1 4 2 ,5 6 L. 5 3 8 0 3 6 1 1 4 1 2 6 0 3 8 ,1 4 0 ,0 1 2 0 0 4 3 ,2 9 2 ,7 0 5 3 ,1 1 2 ,4 6 6 5 ,1 4 2 ,5 7 6 1 ,2 8 2 ,6 0 P . 4 4 5 5 4 2 1 0 8 1 4 5 4 3 8 ,0 3 9 ,7 1 4 0 0 5 0 ,5 7 2 ,6 9 6 9 ,2 3 2 ,7 7 6 3 ,1 9 2 ,3 2 6 2 ,2 4 2 ,7 2 x (M ea n ) 4 4 6 3 ,7 4 1 ,0 1 1 4 ,0 1 4 5 8 ,5 3 8 ,1 3 9 ,7 1 4 5 2 4 7 ,4 7 2 ,8 7 6 0 ,3 1 2 ,9 3 6 0 ,0 0 2 ,4 9 5 8 ,5 9 2 ,6 6 s (S ta n d a rd d ev ia ti on ) 0 ,8 2 1 3 ,7 5 4 ,1 6 4 ,8 9 1 ,6 3 5 ,7 4 0 ,1 0 0 ,2 1 1 9 3 ,8 7 3 ,1 2 0 ,6 3 1 0, 0( > 0 ,8 2 7 ,7 8 0 ,1 3 5 ,3 2 0 ,0 9 P e a rs o n 's v a ri a b il it y c o e ff ic ie n t 2 0 ,4 3 ,0 1 0 ,2 4 ,3 1 1 ,7 9 ,8 0 ,3 0 ,5 1 3 ,3 6 ,6 -2 2 ,1 1 6 ,7 2 8 ,0 1 3 ,0 5 ,0 9,1 3 ,5D ISCUSSION
We have added th e data referring to T3
T est o b ta in ed from fem ale and male eq u in es’ sera a fte r w inning a race, in repose an d a fte r activity, to th e values o b ta in e d from fem ales over 90 days pregnent, and observed sta tis tical significance by variance analysis. P erfor ming T u k ey ’s test, we have found, in this
case, th a t th e th ree groups varied am ong them selves.
The data referring to T4 Test o f male and fem ale equines’ sera a fte r w inning a ra ce, in repose and a fte r activity, w ith date o b tain ed from fem ale over 90 days pregnent show ed statistical significante by variance analysis.
Using T u k e y ’s te st in th e fo u r groups, we fo u n d th a t only th e fem ales in repose groupe differed from th e others.
RFM V -A /22
DE M ARTIN, B. W. E studo da fu n çã o tiróides em equinos machos e fêm ea s Puro Sangue Inglês, em diferentes tem pos, após terem vencido carreira no H ipódrom o de Cidade Jardim , m ediante a utiliza ção dos testes “in v itro ” ^ T 3 e 125j . f 4. Rev. Fac. Med. vet. Z ootec. Univ. S. Paulo, 14 (2): 199-203, 1977.
RESUM O: Foram estudados 9 animais, sendo 5 fêm ea s e 4 machos, onde se observou, tam bém , dados sobre idade, peso, pulso, respiração e tem peratura, tom adas antes e depois da corrida, além dos valores dos Testes T3 e 7\j dos soros colhidos, 30, 60, 90 e 120 m inutos após a prova. Foram feitas análises de variância e-de regressão para os resultados dos Testes T$ e 7'4 o b tid o s neste lote. Para o Teste T 3 houve significáncia quanto ao se xo observando-se. tam bém , regressão linear, obtendo-se o m esm o para o Teste T4, sem regressão linear. C onfrontam os os dados referentes ao Teste T3 deste lote com os conseguidos de soros de eqüinos, machos e fêm ea s, em descanso e em trabalho, com os valores o b tid o s em fêm ea s em gestação acima de 90 dias, verificando-se significáncia estatística m ediante a análise da variân cia. Aplicando-se o Teste de T u key, evidenciam os, neste caso, que os 3 lotes diferiam entre si. Os dados referentes ao Teste T4, de soros de eqüinos, machos e fêm eas, após terem vencido corrida, em descanso, em trabalho, com dados ob tid o s de fêm ea s em gestação acima de 90 dias, verificando-se à custa da análise da variância, significáncia estatística. Aplicando-se o teste de T u k e y aos 4 lotes, observou-se que apenas o lote dos eqüinos em descanso diferiu dos demais.
UNITERM OS: Tiróide, fu n çã o * ; Eqüinos*; Testes “in v itro ”.
B IB L IO G R A P H Y 1 - BAUER, et alii. The use o f Sephadex G-25
in the estim ation o f to ta l serum th y ro xine. G in . C hem ., 16: 5 2 6 , 1970. 2 - BRAV ERN AN, I. C. et alii. Evaluation o f a
sim plified techinique for th e specific m e a s u r e m e n t o f serum th y ro x in e c o n c e n t r a t i o n . J.clin.E ndocr. 32: 497-502, 1971.
3 - DE M ARTIN, B. W. E studo da função tiró i des em eqüinos Puro Sangue Inglês, a- través do 1311-T.B.I. Rev. Fac. Med. vet. Z ootec. Univ. S. Paulo, 10: 35-44, 1973
4 - DE M ARTIN, B. W. E studo da função tirói des em eqüinos Puro Sangue Inglês, m e d iante a utilização dos testes “ in v itro ” 1 2 5 l - T 3 e 1 2 5i-t4 . S ã o Paulo, 1974. [Tese - Faculdade de Medicina V eterinária e Z ootecnia da U.S.P.],
5 - HIGHTOW ER, D. & M ILLER, L .F . T hy roid fu n c tio n test in veterinary medici ne. I. A review. S. West V et.,22: 200-5, 1969.
6 - HIGHTOW ER, D. et alii. T hyroid function tests in veterinary m edicina. S. West V et., 23: 15-21, 1969.
7 - IR V IN E, C.H.G. T hyroxine secretion rate in th e horse in various physiological sta tes. J. E ndocr., 39: 313-20, 1967. 8 - K A LLFELZ, F.A . & LO W E.J.E. Som e nor
mal values o f th y ro id fu n ctio n in hor s e s . J . J. A m ei.vet.m ed.A ss., 156: 1888-91, 1970.
9 - KANEKO, J.J. T hyroid fu n ctio n studies in the horse. J. A m er.vet.m ed.A ss., 146: 262, 1965.
10 - MOTLEY, J.S. Use o f radioactive triiode-th y ro n in e in triiode-th e stu d y o f triiode-th y ro id func tio n in norm al horses. Vet.M ed.Sm all Anim .Clin., 6 7 :1 2 2 5 -8 , 1972.
11 - MURPHY, B. P. & PA TTEE, C. J. D eterm i n atio n o f th y ro x in e utilizing th e p ro perty o f protein-binding. J.clin.E ndo- cr., 24: 18796, 1964.
12 - MURPHY, B. P. & JA CH A N , C. The d eter m ination o f th y ro x in e by com petitive protein-binding analisys em ploying an anion-exchange resin and rad io th y ro x i n e . J.L a b .c lin .M e d ., 6 6: 161-7, 1965.
13 - M URPHY, B. P. et alii. Clinical evaluation o f a new m eth o d for th e determ in atio n o f serum th y ro x in e. J.clin.E ndocr., 26: 247-56, 1966.
14 - SCH OLER, J. F . A simple m easure o f thyro-binding b y plasma: A test o f t h y r o i d f u n c ti o n . J.nucl.M ed., 3: 41-6, 1967.
15 - WILSON, R. J. et alii. A procedure fo r as-s a y o f t h y r o i d as-s t a t u as-s in a n i mals. V et.M ed., 56: 285-9, 1961.
R ecebido para publicação em 10-3-77 Aprovado para publicação em 30-8-77
