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Ʌɶɜɿɜɫɶɤɢɣɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣɦɟɞɢɱɧɢɣɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿɦ. ȾɚɧɢɥɚȽɚɥɢɰɶɤɨɝɨ
ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨʀɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿʀ
(ɜ.ɨ. ɡɚɜ. – ɤ. ɦɟɞ. ɧ., ɞɨɰ. Ɉ.Ƚ. Ɇɢɫɚɤɨɜɟɰɶ)
ɜɭɥ. ɉɟɤɚɪɫɶɤɚ, 69, Ʌɶɜɿɜ, 79010, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University Department of physiology
Pekarska str., 52, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine e-mail: lnmu.fedorenkov.i@gmail.com
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿɫɥɨɜɚɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɢɣɫɬɪɟɫ, ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɣɿɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɣɬɢɩɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ, ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢ, ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɿ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ
ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ Ȼɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɹ ɭ ɛɟɥɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ ɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɜɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɫɚɎɟɞɨɪɟɧɤɨɘȼɐɟɥɶɸɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɛɵɥɨɩɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɭɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢɭɛɟɥɵɯɤɪɵɫɫɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ
ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɚ. Ɉɩɵɬɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɛɟɥɵɯ
ɤɪɵɫɚɯ, ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯɢɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ
ɬɟɫɬɟ «ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ». Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯɜɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɜɵɟɩɟɧɚɥɵɧɚ 6 ɱɚɫɨɜɟɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 30 ɫɭɬɨɤ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ
ɜɵɡɜɚɥɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ, ɥɢɩɢɞɧɨɝɨ, ɤɚɥɶɰɢɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ, ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɭɠɧɨɣ ɮɨcɮɚɬɚɡɵ, ɚɥɚɧɢɧ- ɢ
ɚɫɩɚɪɬɚɬɚɦɢɧɨɬɪɚɧcɮɟɪɚɡɵ ɜ ɫɵɜɨɪɨɬɤɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɯ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ,
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɜɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɬɨɬ ɬɢɩɚɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ. ɇɚ
3-ɢɢ 5-ɟɫɭɬɤɢɨɩɵɬɚɧɚɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸɜɛɨɥɶɲɟɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɨɬɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢɝɥɸɤɨɡɵɢɤɚɥɶɰɢɹɜɤɪɨɜɢ, ɧɚ 10-ɟɢ 30-ɟɫɭɬɤɢɨɩɵɬɚɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɢɫɶɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɫɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɜɫɟɯ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ. ɀɢɜɨɬɧɵɟ ɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤ
ɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɭ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɚɫɶ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɭ
ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯɫɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɛɷɬɨɦɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬɜɵɫɲɢɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ
ɢɛɨɥɟɟɧɢɡɤɢɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɨɛɳɟɝɨɯɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɚɢɬɪɢɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɞɨɜ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵɤɚɥɶɰɢɟɜɨɝɨ
ɨɛɦɟɧɚɭɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯɩɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɦɢ. Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ
ɧɚɦɢ ɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɟ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɫɬɪɟɫɫɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ-ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ. ɗɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɤɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɢɦɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɫɚɧɚɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɫɪɚɡɧɨɣɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ.
$EVWUDFW%LRFKHPLFDOSDUDPHWHUVDQGDGDSWDWLRQRIZKLWHUDWVZLWKDFWLYHDQGSDVVLYHW\SHRIEHKDYLRUXQGHU LPPRELOL]DWLRQVWUHVV)HGRUHQNR<X9 The aim was to study dynamics of changes of certain biochemical indices and the development of adaptation in white rats with active and passive type of behavior under the influence of immobilization stress. Experiments were conducted on white rats, previously divided into groups of active and passive ones, on the basis of indicators of activity in the test “open field”. Modeling of immobilization stress was carried out by placing the animals in plastic boxes for 6 hours daily within 30 days. It was found that the immobilization caused changes of carbohydrate, lipid, calcium metabolism, activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine- and aspartataminotransferase in blood serum of both experimental groups. However, the intensity, direction of the biochemical parameters, development in time depends on the type of animal behavior. To a greater degree active animals reacted to immobilization by changing of concentration of glucose and calcium in the blood on the 3rd and 5th day of the experiment, changes of all investigated parameters were observed on the 10th and 30th day of the experiment. Animals with active type of behavior appeared to be more susceptible to stress mobilization, but the intensity of their metabolic processes was higher than in animals with a passive type of behavior. This is testified by the highest level of blood glucose and lower levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as more active processes of calcium metabolism in the active animals than passive ones. Thus, dynamics of changes of biochemical parameters and the proceeding of the adaptation process in the conditions of immobilization stress depends on individually-typological features of animal behavior. This indicates to the necessity of differentiated approach to correction of adaptation disorders due to the action of immobilization stress on the organism with different typology of behavior.
Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɿɡ ɡɧɚɱɭɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɿɜ ɜɢɧɢɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɪɿɡɧɨɦɚɧɿɬɧɢɯ ɡɚɯɜɨɪɸɜɚɧɶ ɭ ɞɢɬɹɱɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɞɨ ɪɨɫɥɨɝɨɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹɽɦɚɥɨɪɭɯɨɦɢɣɫɩɨɫɿɛɠɢɬɬɹ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɿɫɬɶɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨɝɨɮɿɡɢɱɧɨɝɨɧɚɜɚɧɬɚɠɟɧɧɹ ɳɨ ɽ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨ ɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɫɿɯ ɛɟɡ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɭ ɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɭ Ƚɿɩɨɞɢɧɚɦɿɹ ɽ ɱɢɧɧɢɤɨɦ ɪɢɡɢɤɭ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɩɟɪɟɞɭɫɿɦ ɫɟɪɰɟɜɨɫɭɞɢɧɧɢɯ ɡɚɯɜɨɪɸ ɜɚɧɶ ɡɚɯɜɨɪɸɜɚɧɶ ɨɩɨɪɧɨɪɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɩɚɪɚɬɭ ɧɟɪɜɨɜɨʀ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɢ ɬɨɳɨ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɨʀ ɬɚ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɨʀɩɪɚɰɟɡɞɚɬɧɨɫɬɿɚɬɚɤɨɠɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹɚɞɚɩ ɬɚɰɿɣɧɢɯɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɭɞɨɞɿʀɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɯɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯɩɫɢɯɨɟɦɨɰɿɣɧɢɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɿɜ Ɉɫɬɚɧɧɿɦ ɱɚɫɨɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɩɥɢɜ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɭ ɱɢ ɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɧɹ ɪɭɯɨɜɨʀ
ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɧɚ ɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɿ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɿ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ȼɿɞɨɦɨ ɳɨ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɢɣ
ɫɬɪɟɫ ɫɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɠɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɦɿɧɚɦɢ ɦɨɪɮɨ
ɿɧɞɢɜɿɞɭɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɸ ɝɨɦɟɨɫɬɚɡɭ ɜɟɝɟɬɚɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɪɟɚɤ ɰɿɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿʀ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɭ > @ Ɍɢɩ ɐɇɋ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɸɽɪɿɜɟɧɶɪɭɯɨɜɨʀɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɿɧɞɢɜɿɞɭɭɦɚ ɉɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɹ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɝɿɩɨɤɫɿʀ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɯɨɥɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɨɪɝɚ ɧɿɡɦɭɞɟɩɪɟɫɢɜɧɢɯɫɬɚɧɿɜɧɚɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɨɜɿɪɟɚɤɰɿʀ ɛɿɥɢɯ ɳɭɪɿɜ ɡɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɜɿɞ ʀɯɧɶɨʀ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ > @ Ɇɟɬɨɸ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɛɭɥɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɠɢɬɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɭ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɯ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜɿɩɪɨɰɟɫɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿʀɭɛɿɥɢɯ ɳɭɪɿɜɡɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɦɿɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢɡɚ ɭɦɨɜɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭ
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ɳɨɞɟɧɧɨɩɨɝɨɞɢɧɡɞɨɭɩɪɨɞɨɜɠ
ɞɿɛ Ɋɟɲɬɭ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɨɛɢ ɬɜɚɪɢɧɢ ɭɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɭ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɜɿɜɚɪɿɸ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɰɿɨɧɚɪɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɰɿɨɧɿɡɜɿɥɶɧɢɦɞɨɫɬɭɩɨɦɞɨɜɨɞɢɇɚɿ ɭɞɨɛɭɞɨɫɥɿɞɿɜɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɰɿɤɪɨɜɿɳɭɪɿɜɜɢɡɧɚ ɱɚɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɪɢɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɢɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɸ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɸ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɨɨɤɫɢ ɞɚɧɬɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɭ ɮɟɪ ɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɬɪɢɝɥɿɰɟɪɢɞɿɜ ɟɧɡɢɦɚ ɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɚɫɩɚɪɬɚɬɚɦɿɧɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɚɡɢ ȺɫȺɌ ɿ ɚɥɚɧɿɧɚɦɿɧɨɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɚɡɢ ȺɥȺɌ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɊɚɣɬɦɚɧɚɎɪɟɧɤɟɥɹ ɬɚ ɥɭɠɧɨʀ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɚɡɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɥɢ ɫɟɪɬɢ ɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɿ ɧɚɛɨɪɢ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɿɜ ©ɎɿɥɿɫɿɬȾɿɚɝɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚª Ɉɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɨɩɪɚɰɶɨɜɭɜɚɥɢ ɦɟɬɨ ɞɨɦɧɚɣɦɟɧɲɢɯɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɿɜɡɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɜɿɪɨɝɿɞɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ Wɤɪɢɬɟɪɿɽɦ ɋɬɶɸɞɟɧɬɚ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨ ɦɨɝɨɸɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɢ0LFURVRIW([FHO
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Ɉɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɫɜɿɞɱɚɬɶ ɳɨ ɿɦɦɨɛɿ ɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɢɣɫɬɪɟɫɩɪɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɨɩɟɜɧɢɯɡɪɭɲɟɧɶ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɭ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɚɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧɡɪɿɡɧɨɸɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨɸɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɸɇɟɬɪɢ ɜɚɥɢɣ ɝɿɩɨɤɿɧɟɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɫɬɚɧ ɩɨ ɝɨɞɢɧ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɭ ɭɩɪɨɞɨɜɠ ɿ ɞɿɛ ɧɟ ɜɩɥɢɧɭɜ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɠɧɭ ɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɡɚ ɜɢɧɹɬɤɨɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɬɚ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɸ ɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɰɿɤɪɨɜɿȼɠɟɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɜɿɞɛɭɥɨɫɹ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɧɟ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɭ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɭ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɨɛɨɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɯ ɝɪɭɩ ɉɿɫɥɹ ɬɢ ɤɪɚɬɧɨʀ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢɜɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯɬɜɚɪɢɧɡɧɢɡɢɥɚɫɶɧɚɭ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɨɸ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨ ɡ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɸɝɪɭɩɨɸɌɨɞɿɠɡɚɪɟɽɫɬɪɨɜɚɧɨɡɧɢ ɠɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɸ ɭ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɛɿɥɶɲɨɸ ɦɿɪɨɸɜɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯɳɭɪɿɜ±ɧɚɭɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ± ɧɚɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦɇɚɿɭɞɨɛɭ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭ ɜɿɞɛɭɥɢɫɹ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɡɚ ɜɫɿɦɚ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭ ɜɚɧɢɦɢɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɚɦɢɬɚɛɥɋɥɿɞɡɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ
ɳɨ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɿɣ ɝɪɭɩɿ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɤɨɧ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɭ ɬɪɢɝɥɿɰɟ ɪɢɞɿɜɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶɬɪɚɧɫɚɦɿɧɚɡɛɭɥɢɧɢɠɱɿɧɿɠɭ ɝɪɭɩɿɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯɬɜɚɪɢɧȱɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɹɩɪɢɡɜɟɥɚɞɨ ɡɦɿɧ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɽɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɿɧɭ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɭ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɸ ɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɰɿ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɡɧɢɡɢ
ɥɚɫɶɜɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯɬɜɚɪɢɧɧɚɭɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯɞɟɳɨ
ɦɟɧɲɟ±ɧɚɧɚɞɚɥɿɞɨɞɨɛɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɤɨɧ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɢɥɚɫɹ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨ ɡ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦɿɛɿɥɶɲɨɸɦɿɪɨɸɭɬɜɚɪɢɧɡɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨ ɡ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɦɢ Ɂɧɢ ɠɟɧɧɹ ɪɭɯɨɜɨʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɪɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɨ ɧɚɞ ɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɤɚɥɶɰɿɸɡɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɤɢɤɪɨɜɿɞɨɤɿɫɬɨɤɹɤ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɿɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɨɫɬɟɨɰɢɬɿɜ ɿ ɩɿɞ
ɜɢɳɟɧɧɹɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɿʀɨɫɬɟɨɛɥɚɫɬɿɜ
ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑɇȺ
ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 1
Ȼɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɰɿɤɪɨɜɿɛɿɥɢɯɳɭɪɿɜ
ɡɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢɡɚɭɦɨɜɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭ
ɞɨɛɚ ɞɨɛɚ
ɉɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɞɨɫɥɿɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɞɨɫɥɿɞ
Ʉɚɥɶɰɿɣɦɦɨɥɶɥ
Ƚɥɸɤɨɡɚɦɦɨɥɶɥ Í
Ʌɭɠɧɚɮɨɫɮɚɬɚɡɚɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ɏɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɦɦɨɥɶɥ
Ɍɪɢɝɥɿɰɟɪɢɞɢɦɦɨɥɶɥ
ȺɥȺɌɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ȺɫȺɌɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ɄɨɟɮɿɰɿɽɧɬȾɟɊɢɬɢɫɚ
ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɿ ɬ ɤ ɚ ɜɿɪɨɝɿɞɧɨɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦɪ
Ȼɭɞɶɹɤɢɣ ɫɬɪɟɫɨɜɢɣ ɱɢɧɧɢɤ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɿɦɦɨ ɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɩɨɪɭɲɭɽ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɱɧɿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ >@ ɐɟ ɫɬɨɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɜɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɥɿɩɿɞɧɨɝɨɨɛɦɿɧɭɁɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɢɦɱɭɬɥɢɜɢɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɿɽɦ ɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɦ ɬɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɨ ɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɜɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɿɧɭ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨ ɠ ɽ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿɹ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɭ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɍ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɞɨ ɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɯ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɭ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɧɚɫɬɚɥɨ ɪɚɧɿɲɟ ɭ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɸ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɨɸɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɧɿɠɭɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯɿ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɭ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɹɤɟ ɭɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɥɨɫɹ ɞɨ ɞɨɛɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭ ɭ ɦɟɠɚɯ ɍ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɩɪɨɹɜɢ ɝɿɩɨɝɥɿɤɟɦɿʀ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɥɢɫɹ ɞɟɳɨ ɩɿɡɧɿɲɟ±ɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹɧɚ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨ ɡ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɩɪɨɬɟ ɞɨ ɞɨɛɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɥɨɫɹɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɧɹɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢɞɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɢɯɪɿɜɧɿɜɈɬɠɟ ɫɥɿɞ ɡɚɭɜɚɠɢɬɢ ɳɨ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɯɜɢɥɟ ɩɨɞɿɛɧɿɮɚɡɨɜɿɡɦɿɧɢɜɦɿɫɬɭɝɥɸɤɨɡɢɭɤɪɨɜɿɿɰɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɪɿɡɧɿ ɜ ɱɚɫɿ ɭ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɸ ɬɚ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɨɸ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɨɸ Ƚɿɩɨɝɥɿɤɟɦɿɸ ɩɨɜ¶ɹɡɭɸɬɶ ɡɿ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹɦ ɡɚɩɚɫɿɜ ɝɥɿɤɨɝɟɧɭ ɜ ɩɟɱɿɧɰɿ ɿ ɝɚɥɶɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɣɨɝɨ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɭ > @ ɉɪɢ ɫɬɪɟɫɿ ɰɟ ɡɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɜɿɞ ɧɟɣɪɨɝɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɪɟɝɭ ɥɹɰɿʀ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɢ ɹɤɨʀ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɚɞɪɟ ɧɚɥɿɧɨɦɿɧɫɭɥɿɧɨɦɝɥɸɤɚɝɨɧɨɦɿɽɞɭɠɟɫɤɥɚɞɧɿ ɚɬɚɤɨɠɡɚɥɟɠɚɬɶɜɿɞɫɬɚɧɭɿɫɢɥɢɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɿɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɿ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ȱɦɨɜɿɪɧɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿ ɬɜɚɪɢɧɢ ɱɭɬɥɢɜɿɲɿ ɞɨ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɭ ɿ ɰɢɦ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɿ ɲɜɢɞɲɿ ɭ ɱɚɫɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɲɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɛɿɝ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɍ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɯɜɢɥɟɩɨɞɿɛɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɭ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɣ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɮɚɡɨɜɿɫɬɶ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿ ɮɚɡɢ ɚɞɚɩ ɬɚɰɿʀ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɸɬɶɫɹ ɪɚɧɿɲɟ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ȼɿɞɨɦɨ ɳɨ ɜ ɫɬɚɞɿʀ ɬɪɢɜɨɝɢ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɿɞ ɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɢ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɿ ɚ ʀʀ ɯɜɢɥɟɩɨɞɿɛɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɢ ɩɪɨ ɮɚɡɭ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿɈɤɪɿɦɬɨɝɨɮɚɡɨɜɿɫɬɶɡɦɿɧɟɧɟɪ ɝɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɿɧɭ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɟɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɨʀɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ>@
ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤ ɮɚɡɢ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ Ɂɦɿɧɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ȺɥȺɌ ɿ ȺɫȺɌ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɮɚɡɨɜɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɭ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹʀɯɧɶɨʀɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɿ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɧɹɧɚɞɨɛɭɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɸ ɝɪɭɩɨɸ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɡɚɪɟɽɫɬɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿȺɥȺɌɜɨɛɢɞɜɚɬɟɪɦɿɧɢɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧ ɧɹ Ⱥɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ȺɫȺɌ ɜ ɨɛɨɯ ɝɪɭɩɚɯ ɡɧɢɡɢɥɚɫɶ ɥɢɲɟ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɭ ɧɚɩɪɢɤɿɧɰɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɭ ɜɿɪɨɝɿɞɧɢɯ ɡɦɿɧɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦɧɟɜɿɞɦɿɱɟɧɨɈɛɢɞɜɚ ɟɧɡɢɦɢɥɨɤɚɥɿɡɭɸɬɶɫɹɜɰɢɬɨɩɥɚɡɦɿɤɥɿɬɢɧɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɬɤɚɧɢɧ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɭ ɩɪɨɬɟ ɜɢɫɨɤɨɸ ʀɯɧɶɨɸ ɚɤɬɢɜ ɧɿɫɬɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɱɿɧɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɪɨɥɶ ɹɤɨʀ ɜɿɞɨɦɚ ɜ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɚɯ ȺɥȺɌ ɿ ȺɫȺɌ ɜɜɚɠɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɢɦɢ
ɚɥɟɞɨɫɢɬɶɱɭɬɥɢɜɢɦɢɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɚɦɢɞɨɞɿʀɪɿɡɧɨ ɦɚɧɿɬɧɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɿɜ ɪɿɡɧɨʀ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɢ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦ >@ Ɂɦɿɧɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɚɡ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɨɩɨɫɟ ɪɟɞɤɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɿ ɡɧɨɜɭ ɠ ɬɚɤɢ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɡɚɥɟɠɚɬɢ ɜɿɞ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɧɟɣɪɨɝɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞ ɧɨɲɟɧɶ ɹɤɿ ɜɢɧɢɤɚɸɬɶ ɡɚ ɭɦɨɜ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚ ɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭɡɨɤɪɟɦɚɿɜɿɞɫɬɚɧɭɜɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɿɧɭ ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɡɦɿɧ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɪɚɧɫɚɦɿɧɚɡ ɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɶɩɪɨɬɟɳɨɡɚɭɦɨɜɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɪɭɣɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɿɬɨɯɨɧɞɪɿɣ ɤɥɿɬɢɧ ɩɟɱɿɧɤɢ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ȺɫȺɌ ɧɟ ɛɭɥɚ ɧɟ ɥɢɲɟɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɨɸɚɥɟɣɧɢɠɱɨɸɧɿɠɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ȺɥȺɌɭɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɭɫɶɨɝɨɞɨɫɥɿɞɭɐɟɩɿɞɬɜɟɪɞɠɭ ɽɬɶɫɹɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɤɨɟɮɿɰɿɽɧɬɚȾɟɊɢɬɢɫɚɹɤɢɣɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɜɚɜ
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 2
Ȼɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɰɿɤɪɨɜɿɛɿɥɢɯɳɭɪɿɜɡɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢɡɚ
ɭɦɨɜɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭ
ɞɨɛɚ ɞɨɛɚ
ɉɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɞɨɫɥɿɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ Ⱦɨɫɥɿɞ
Ʉɚɥɶɰɿɣɦɦɨɥɶɥ
Ƚɥɸɤɨɡɚɦɦɨɥɶɥ
Ʌɭɠɧɚɮɨɫɮɚɬɚɡɚɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ɏɨɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɦɦɨɥɶɥ
Ɍɪɢɝɥɿɰɟɪɢɞɢɦɦɨɥɶɥ
ȺɥȺɌɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ȺɫȺɌɦɦɨɥɶɝɨɞāɥ
ɄɨɟɮɿɰɿɽɧɬȾɟɊɢɬɢɫɚ
ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɿ ɬ ɤ ɚ ɜɿɪɨɝɿɞɧɨɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦɪ
Ɉɰɿɧɸɸɱɢ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɡɚɝɚɥɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ ɳɨ ɡɚ ɭɦɨɜ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɭ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɧɚɫɬɚɸɬɶɭɱɚɫɿɪɚɧɿɲɟɧɿɠɭɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯɚɤɬɢɜɧɿ ɬɜɚɪɢɧɢɱɭɬɥɢɜɿɲɿɞɨɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɉɨɪɹɞɡɰɢɦ ɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɽ ɜɢɳɨɸ ɧɿɠ ɭ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɚ ɨɬɠɟ ɚɞɚɩ ɬɚɰɿɣɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɬɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɲɟ ɏɜɢɥɟ ɩɨɞɿɛɧɿ ɿ ɪɿɡɧɨɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɨɯ ɝɪɭɩɚɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ Ɍɚɤɚ ɮɚɡɨɜɿɫɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽ ɩɟɪɟɯɿɞ ɩɟɪɜɢɧɧɨʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɿʀ ɭ ɫɬɿɣɤɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɿɸ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜ ɬɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿʀ >@ ɍ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɯ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɧɚɜɩɚɤɢ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɩɨɜɿɥɶɧɿɲɢɣ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤ ɫɬɚɞɿɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿʀ ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɞɿʀɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ
Ɉɬɠɟɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɚɡɦɿɧɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɢɯɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱ ɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɛɿɝ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿʀ ɡɚ ɭɦɨɜ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɭ ɡɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɜɿɞ ɿɧɞɢɜɿ ɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɐɟɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɶɩɪɨɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶɞɢɮɟɪɟɧɰɿɣɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɭ ɞɨ ɤɨɪɟɤɰɿʀ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɡɪɭɲɟɧɶ ɭɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤɞɿʀɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭɿɦɨɜɿɪɧɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɭ ɣ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ʉɟɧɟɡɭ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦ ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɸ ɬɚɩɚɫɢɜɧɨɸɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɽɸɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ
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Ɂɚ ɭɦɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ
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ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
ɿɚɫɩɚɪɬɚɬɚɦɿɧɨɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɚɡɭɬɜɚɪɢɧɡɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɦɿ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ
ȱɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɿɫɬɶɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶɬɚɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤɭ
ɱɚɫɿ ɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɡɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɜɿɞ ɬɢɩɭ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ Ɍɜɚɪɢɧɢ ɡ ɜɢɫɨɤɢɦ ɪɿɜɧɟɦ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɭɬɥɢɜɿɲɿ ɞɨ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚ ɰɿɣɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɟɫɭɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɿɫɬɶɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɿɱɧɢɯɩɪɨ ɰɟɫɿɜ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɽ ɜɢɳɨɸ ɧɿɠ ɭ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɡ ɧɢɡɶɤɢɦ ɪɿɜɧɟɦɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨʀɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɳɨɩɿɞɬɜɟɪɞɠɭɽɬɶ ɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɲɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɚɦɢ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɤɚɥɶɰɿɽɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɿɧɭɿɜɢɳɢɦɪɿɜɧɟɦɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀɝɥɸɤɨɡɢɬɚ
ɧɢɠɱɢɦ ɪɿɜɧɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɨ ɥɟɫɬɟɪɢɧɭɿɬɪɢɝɥɿɰɟɪɢɞɿɜɭɤɪɨɜɿ
Ɋɿɡɧɨɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɮɚɡɨɜɿɫɬɶ ɡɦɿɧ ɛɿɨɯɿ
ɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɛɿɝ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɹɤɢɣ ɽ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɲɢɦ ɭ ɬɜɚɪɢɧ ɡ ɜɢɳɢɦ ɪɿɜɧɟɦ ɪɭɯɨɜɨʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ Ɉɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɫɜɿɞɱɚɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɞɢɮɟɪɟɧɰɿɣɨɜɚɧɨʀ ɤɨɪɟɤɰɿʀ ɚɞɚɩɬɚ ɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɡɪɭɲɟɧɶ ɭɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɞɿʀ ɿɦɦɨɛɿɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɦ ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɿ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɢɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ
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ȺɧɝɟɥɶɫɶɤɿɋɄɥɿɧɿɱɧɚɛɿɨɯɿɦɿɹ&Ⱥɧɝɟɥɶɫɶ ɤɿ ɆȽȾɨɦɿɧɿɱɚɤ Ɂəɤɭɛɨɜɫɤɿ >ɩɟɪ ɡ ɩɨɥɶɫɶɤɨʀ@ ȼɈɅɨɝɿɧɫɶɤɢɣɈȾɅɭɰɢɤɅɅɆɚɪɬɢɧɟɰɶ >ɬɚ ɿɧ@ ± ɋɨɩɨɬ±F
ȻɚɯɲɚɥɢɟɜɚȺəɈɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɞɟɩɪɟ ɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɭ ɤɪɵɫ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɢɧɞɢɜɢ ɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɫɬɚɬɭɫɨɦȺəȻɚɯɲɚɥɢɟɜɚ ɇɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ±±Ɍʋ±ɋ
ȽɚɪɤɚɜɢɅɏȺɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɢɪɟɡɢɫ ɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɅɏȽɚɪɤɚɜɢ ȿȻɄɜɚɤɢɧɚ ɆȺɍɤɨɥɨɜɚ ± ɊɨɫɬɨɜɧɚȾɨɧɭ ɂɡɞ ɊȽɍ ± ɫ
Ƚɪɢɝɨɪɹɧ ȺȽ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɝɢɩɨ ɤɢɧɟɡɢɢɢȺȽȽɪɢɝɨɪɹɧȻɢɨɥɠɭɪɧɚɥȺɪɦɟɧɢɢ ±Ɍʋ±ɋ
ȱɝɪɭɧɨɜɚɄɆ Ɇɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɢ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɩɨɲ ɤɨɞɠɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɰɹ ɩɪɢ ɛɚɝɚɬɨɪɚɡɨɜɨɦɭ ɫɬɪɟɫɿ ɬɚ ʀɯ ɤɨ ɪɟɤɰɿɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫ ɧɚ ɡɞɨɛɭɬɬɹ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɞɪɚ ɦɟɞɧɚɭɤɄɆȱɝɪɭɧɨɜɚ±Ʉɢʀɜ±ɫ
Ʌɚɬɸɲɢɧ əȼ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɯɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɢɨɫɬɪɨɦɢɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɝɢɩɨɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɫɬɪɟɫɫɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɟɧ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɪɚ ɛɢɨɥ ɧɚɭɤəȼɅɚɬɸɲɢɧ±ɑɟɥɹɛɢɧɫɤ±ɫ
ɅɢɜɚɧɨɜɚɅɆ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚ ɰɢɢɤɝɢɩɨɤɫɢɢɧɚɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɟɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɜɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɟɤɪɵɫɫɪɚɡɧɵɦɬɢɩɨɦɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɅɆɅɢɜɚɧɨ ɜɚ ɅȾɅɭɤɶɹɧɨɜɚ ȼɂɌɪɨɲɢɧ ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ±±Ɍʋ±ɋ
Ʌɨɦɚɤɨ ȼȼ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɵɫ ɜ ©ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɟª ȼȼ Ʌɨɦɚɤɨ
Ⱥȼɒɢɥɨɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɤɪɢɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ±±Ɍ ʋ±ɋ
ɆɭɥɢɤȺȻɍɪɨɜɟɧɶɨɛɳɟɣɧɟɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚȺȻɆɭɥɢɤɆȼ ɉɨɫɬɧɨɜɚ ɘȺɆɭɥɢɤ ± ȼɨɥɝɨɝɪɚɞ ȼɨɥɝɨɝɪɚɞ ɧɚɭɱɧɢɡɞɜɨ±F
ɉɚɧɢɧɅȿ Ȼɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɫɬɪɟɫ ɫɚȿɅɉɚɧɢɧ±ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɇɚɭɤɚ±ɫ
ɉɨɫɬɧɨɜɚɆȼ Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɦɟɨɫɬɚɡɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɟɧ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɪɚ ɛɢɨɥ ɧɚɭɤɆȼɉɨɫɬɧɨɜɚ±Ⱥɫɬɪɚɯɚɧɶ±ɫ
ɋɟɥɶɟȽɈɱɟɪɤɢɨɛɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɫɢɧɞɪɨɦɟ Ƚɋɟɥɶɟ>ɩɟɪɫɚɧɝɥ@±Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ±ɫ
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ɜɭɥ. ȼɨɥɨɞɢɦɢɪɫɶɤɚ, 60, Ʉɢʀɜ, 01033, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska St., 60, Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine e-mail: Shportun_o@mail.ru
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɦɿɠɩɿɜɤɭɥɶɧɚ ɚɫɢɦɟɬɪɿɹ ɦɨɡɤɭ, ɩɫɢɯɨɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ,
ɩɨɱɭɬɬɹɝɭɦɨɪɭ
.H\ZRUGVfunctional asymmetry of brain hemispheres, the physiological peculiaritiesof personality, sense of humor
Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ Ɇɟɠɞɭɩɨɥɭɲɚɪɧɚɹ ɚɫɫɢɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɚɤ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɸɦɨɪɚ ɒɩɨɪɬɭɧɈɇ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɩɨɥɭɲɚɪɧɨɣ ɚɫɫɢɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ
-ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɸɦɨɪɚ. ɉɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ
