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J. Braz. Chem. Soc. vol.8 número6

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E Ago ra, o Ke naf

O 5° Con gres so de Qu í mi ca da Amé ri ca do Nor te foi re a li za do em Can cún, em no vem bro pas sa do. Orga -ni za do pe las so ci e da des de quí mi ca do Ca na dá, EUA e Mé xi co, re u niu vá ri os sim pó si os, um dos qua is so bre o “ke naf”.

Esta é uma plan ta anu al, se me lhan te à juta. Os pa í ses de sen vol vi dos de cli ma tem pe ra do dis põem de pou -cas fon tes na tu ra is de fi bras, daí o seu in te res se nes ta plan ta. O sim pó sio mos trou um gran de es for ço de pes qui sa, tra tan do do cul ti vo, da pro du ção e do apro ve i ta -m e n t o d a s f i b r a s d o k e n a f . U -m r e s u l t a d o im pres si o nan te é a fa bri ca ção de com pó si tos po li mé ri -cos le ves para cons tru ção me câ ni ca e ci vil.

Por que uma plan ta não-medicinal re ce be tan ta aten ção em um gran de con gres so quí mi co? Tal vez por -que sen do a Qu í mi ca uma ciên cia cen tral ela deva aten ção a tudo que é ma te ri al, novo e que pos sa ter um gran de im pac to so bre a vida de mu i tos se res hu ma nos.

O ke naf po de rá vir a ser um pro ble ma para os mu i tos bra si le i ros que vi vem da pro du ção de fi bras na tu ra -is, fre qüen te men te sob um pa drão tec no ló gi co pri mi ti vo. Além dis so, te mos os ca sos de plan tas pro du -to ras de fi bras de pro pri e da des in tri gan tes mas pou co usa das, como a ba na ne i ra e o tun cum, este usa do por po pu la ções pré-colombianas e seus des cen den tes, mas des co nhe ci do da nos sa ciên cia.

Fi bras são hoje ne ces sá ri as para ves tir mais e mais pes so as e para subs ti tu ir ma te ri a is que em um pas sa do re cen te fo ram po pu la res, como o ami an to. As in dús tri -as de me i os de trans por te e de mó ve is de man dam mais e mais fi bras bi o de gra dá ve is.

Tal vez o ke naf não te nha mu i to fu tu ro, no Bra sil. Entre tan to, sem pre po de mos apren der, com esse caso e com nos sos co le gas do Pri me i ro Mun do, a fa zer ciên cia de alta qua li da de, in ter dis ci pli nar e que res pon da a ne -ces si da des so ci a is e eco nô mi cas.

Fer nan do Ga lem beck

And Now, Ke naf

The 5th North Ame ri can Che mi cal Con gress was held in Can cun, past No vem ber, spon so red by the Ame -ri can, Ca na di an and Me xi can Che mi cal So ci e ti es. Among its sympo sia, one was de vo ted to ke naf, the “bas tard jute”.

De ve lo ped coun tri es in tem pe ra te cli ma tes have few na tu ral sour ces of fi bers, which gi ves an spe ci al in -te rest to this plant. The sympo si um was an ex hi bit of the gre at re se arch ef fort de vo ted to the cul ti va ti on, pro duc ti on and use of ke naf fi bers. Among ot her im pres si -ve re sults, light struc tu ral com po si tes were dis pla yed.

Why should a (non-medicinal) plant de ser ve so much at ten ti on in a che mi cal con gress? Per haps, be ca -u se the cen tral sci en ce should pay at ten ti on to any -thing ma te ri al and new, which can af fect the li ves of many hu man be ings.

Ke naf may well be co me a pro blem for the many Bra zi li ans who se ear nings come from na tu ral fi ber pro -duc ti on, of ten un der pri mi ti ve tech no lo gi cal stan dards. Be yond that, we have many ca ses of fi ber-producing plants which ne ver re ce i ved at ten ti on as such, as for ins tan ce the ba na na tre es and the tun cum. The la ter was used by pre-columbian po pu la ti ons and des cen dants, it has in tri guing me cha ni cal pro per ti es but is unk nown to our sci en ce.

Fi bers are cur rently re qui red to dress more and more per sons and to re pla ce ma te ri als po pu lar in re cent ti mes, such as as bes tos. Car and fur ni tu re in dus tri es re -qui re more and more bi o de gra da ble fi bers throug hout the world, and this trend should con ti nue.

It is not li kely that ke naf re se arch will be highly im -por tant to fi ber pro duc ti on in Bra sil. Ho we ver, we can al ways le arn, from this case and from our first world col le a gues, that it is pos si ble to make good sci en ce, fol -lo wing an in ter dis ci pli nary pat tern and ans we ring to so ci al and eco no mic ne eds.

Fer nan do Ga lem beck

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