elutriation: a XRF, SEM and Rietveld analysis
elutriação: análise por FRX, MEV e Rietveld)
J. L. Alves
*, A. E. Zanini, M. E. de Souza, M. L. F. Nascimento
**!"#$%
*&'()++, ** ),+,
Abstract
!"#$%$&' ()*+ & ,#,# - ". "&/01-"& 2
& 34/4(4/5+2
Keywords.
,-6#-Resumo
. , / 7 /+ /01 2 3 01401+.,&,24056/ 3 ,787, 676 9: (! % + 2 01 05 7 6 , ; < = 01 7 605 +./ 301>8? >@ +#2" ( 401 A (/ 0 BCD 4+#(2/4 ( (/, 2E +#,!,2,01 1 1 4 FGBG( GBH I 4 + ! ( 2 ( / +
Palavras-chaveA, 40101">!"+
INTRODUCTION
&
849 : ; 8<9 =
#(
& 8>9(8<9 3<?5
$
3A5 8<9
& 8B9 8<0C9
$& =D E
@ $( !" $ $ 4FFFFF % 8G9 "$&
#
8/9>4B4F>
$&=HB/<1 =D <B01(= 4GI1 $ IB1 =D $& $ 8I9 #
6 "
3# A5 3J#A5@ " 3 5 +
35 84F9'
01 2 "
8/4F9
2 " () * 8449 $& ' :;' # " & 8/9 &- $& 84<9 " - A # "# ,-6 84> 4B9 #" # #
" ( & " (KA ,-' &
A,
" $& 8/9 @ (& 8409 ( 4I<F 84C 4G9 "()*8449
r .
"L.
-MC/rdpf 3@5
.
/r>b
g
'M
3$5
O
@)=.
/r>bg
2M 35
O84/9@ " &
<I
" P " 3
pf5 84/9 2
" .
pfMbr<b r<
d 365
< <%I
84/92 K" 365 "Q
("".
pf = gb<b <
d 3K5
"
O<C%>8/92
@ "
pf is
3b<b5"
3<5 L
pf Q
8/9
2 # " () * K" 3K5 " # 35 () *
3f
5. 5 3pf >f5T 5
&3pf =f5T5
3pf <f5 8/9 2
T& A 8/9
EXPERIMENTAL
2 .
$ $ "$$& II/1 ' A 2V W*
@ "
,
J<Y>AY>Y>
E " E 2 E >0B849 @ E Z E84I9
7
' P
P 3 5 .
4FF* 4FF 2
@ 4[ 4 "& 4A EB @ \4BFF+\" " CF E& < @
00G 4BF0 44BF 4B0< <44/ 4B0C " @ P
3</<(4>5%
" i.e
@ @ @$J 4FF 340F ? 5 & 2 <FF GFF ( 84<9
/
,#
,# (& ,-6#CFFF #Z]
3^M40B<_5>F 40@
<0Fo<`F<0o
4 F0 F0 F> =
@ " " =6'< 32 6 6 266. 4IIC5 a -84>4B9 6$[(<B[8<F9
" ,# ,-' + 4/FF (&T
4F 3 5
3(KA5((,#00F(&4F T
&
RESULTS
,>!8
2 ,-'
3 #2J5 3 #K*#Y*45
3 #K*#Y*B5
(3(Y<5"&
@<Y>
"& 4 B T 4 "&B
#2J #K*#Y*4 #K*#Y*B
(Y< 00000I CFI<<> C</0GB @<Y> <<FFC4 <<FFG/ <<C4/ '<Y> CG>/G IBCC< /<FB0 AY >4G<G >>CIC >BIG/ Y F40F0 4G<4B <F<>/ J<Y FF0G/ FFG<C F4<4<
K<Y FF<F< - FFBI0
Y< F>GB4 44B>> F<F0G
Y FF4C> F4/4/ F4FCI
Y< 44CBI0 -
-(Y> - FFB<I FF00/
Cr<Y> F4FF> F4BFG F4<G<
QY - FF>G/ FFC4C
Y F4<GI F/I>C FFGFC
2 # - ,# 315
,-6
( & 2
#2J &
@ 2
3 4F1 5 3 5 "& P
"$Y<, it is
. ,>! F>"H
,#
'42 P @
FF440_
"& <F/e<CCe
3<e 4<<e <B/e5 "&
3 52"& 4 2
,-'"(Y<,
4B2 +P
& "$& ,-6-@" 22.5 PT5 \ [ '[EA J@ J$ P T 5 PT 5
&#<eP
6$[(I/FG
-# 3"5 35
2(6+2(6 # ' . 8<49T 8<<9T 8<>9T
"&8<B9' FF4
3A5 P
4B2FF4
(
& 84<9 Z3Z53J5"&3a5 4 B
h &[ A
-3'4 225 ,-'3 25'
'4.,#
K 2 </< % . "&
L GA > 05 9 + ! + / 87 NBN % 01+ . , A (/+M
20000
10000
0 10 20 30 40
Intensity (a.u)
,-' % - - #8<49 $& P 3 5 \ P B>><0FG04G0CB" 22 " 2
=
2 A # P
3i.e
5 2
"3(KA5
i.e35&& 8<09
(KA ' < 8<09 - 3 225 ,-' " "& ' < # 4 B & & &
'<.(KA #K*#Y*435 #K*#Y*B3 5- "&
LNAO4O99!;!#;GFH9!;!#;4F,H+#6 6/ (/ +M
A3A5 Z3Z5 J3J5 a&3a5 "315
G/>FjFI> 4IF4jBCI <F4j<<< BGBj40F 0B/ <0FG 4 <I/Cj4BG BFB>j<I> 4>F/j<// 4CC<j<>B 0CB B>> B /BI<j40I 0C<jFB> 4/Cj4F/ GCFj4<I 04G 4F><
22#A 3
5 -84>4B96$[(<B[8<F9
"
L$,!01 , F, H2"LGQGRM/ S $N+RS TLNUM+"71E4 +M
a)
b)
() 2 & # A( Y
& & A
& (
. /,
@ & ' < 2h4.B02 ' </4j4/? 4/4j4/?3'>5
CONCLUSIONS
P & $ </< % # $& "2 " . "& 2
/01 " @ @ # 3 5 ,-' - = & & () 4B=&
34/4(4/5+'
P " "
a)
b)
'>.@(KA #K*#Y*4Y*B.
3a5& T3,5
" B
34F+5
4
LQA. 3 O99!;!#;G #;4AFH,01 6VF,H ,01 (? E+ . R ( 1 F GU I 2H ( , G 1 01+M
100
90
60
0.30 30
80
0.40
20
0.10 70
40
0.20 10
0
0.00 0
0 10
10
60
60 30
30
80
80 20
20
70
70 40
40
90
90
100
100 110120
Diameter (µm)
Frequency (%)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
J=a @=K( '@=K($ ( $$3$$ 5 = 6 * E ' \k
REFERENCES
849'$$Zkk*W ,<
4stKK(JlK\@3<FFC5
8<9 =( (? $ . < K
K$(=34I/I5
8>9@k#($1034IC050>
8B9k=(&-(&hJ'E48,
>FC3<FF<54F<
809*=@-A'- &m 54>>F3<FF/5<4>
8C9 -- A& *-* A '@ ( ' E( ' @$ A k@ J - Kn A=33<FF/5>C
8G9AhA #h22(!A 2Jk=$3<F4F5I 8/9 @K Q :=pq Y&pq @ $ J! =W; 6A\'k k=$3<FF/5
8I9E ( (H A 3<F445 6D .
84F9 *@ \ !
X 4stK-*3<FFB5
8449 kk ( = (9
34/045/
84<9 @K Q AK (& A*' J *E := (pq =pq Apq 'D#aD ( = Kpq A 2 = @p; 2J=2 # 2 J = 2 =. =W 2pq JV . $-4F<F4>F4C<I/4$3<F4>5
84>9EA-@2234ICG5404
84B9EA-h@234ICI5C0
8409 ' (& \(@ h u = 1634/>I50FB
84C9Ek(h@(3034I<F5>00
84G9Ek(h@(44F34I<45/4<
84/9-$$[K(KJ* @
$ <K*K3<FFB5
84I9[ZZA@(5<34IIF54<> 8<F9 * $ h A ( Y= ( h @ 333<FFF544/I
8<49@ @'kk@@A 873<FF<5ICC
8<<9 6* $ -$ 6 A37
34I/I5</I
8<>9@A6[=k= A25 34II/5>BG
8<B9@'kh@333<FFF5<CG 8<09*@\$$Jk&&#-P*E
@@=K(513<F44500I