XXIst Brazilian National Meeting on Partiles and Fields
FOREWORD
The Brazilian National Meetings on Partiles and Fields are a onferene series held every year, under the
sponsorshipoftheSoiedadeBrasileirade Fsia(SBF),andsupportedbyseveralBraziliangovernmentalagenies
aswellsomeforeignandprivateones. TherstofthesemeetingstookplaeinCambuquira,stateofMinasGerais,
in 1979, gathering94partiipants,whosharedtheirexperienesin theeld throughthe presentationof about40
short oraltalksanddisussions.
After the initial years, the organization evolved markedly, so that nowadays the prole of the meeting an
be onsidered as rather singular in the ontext of other sienti meetings, workshops and onferenes. In fat,
today it presents a omplex struture, whih inludes review talks { both plenary and parallel { presented by
Brazilianandforeignspeialists,sientiommuniationsbothinoralandposterformats. Also,itinludes
round-table disussionson politial, eduationaland soialproblems, homageeremonies to well-knownphysiists with
outstanding ontributions toBrazilianPhysis(the historial memory),andativitiesof sientidiusion in the
formatofdidatiseminarsaddressedto generalaudienes (mostlyloalhigh-shoolstudents).
Topisoveredinthemeetinginludefourmainareasofinterest{whihhaveinfatbeentraditionallydeveloped
in theountrysinetheeetivebeginningofPhysisresearhin Brazilinthethirties{namely,
-CosmologyandGravitation,
-Experimental HighEnergyPhysis,
-FieldTheory,and
-PartilePhysisPhenomenology.
It should be stressed that many Brazilian researhers(and also a number of other Latin-Amerians) nd in
thesemeetingstheonlyopportunityofaesstoup-to-dateinformation,andofaneetiveintegrationinthearea.
Moreover,forgraduatestudentsthesemeetings playanimportantrole asasuitableshool,speiallywith respet
to the trainingin presentationsand disussions in front oflarge audienes. For suh reasons, themeetings area
fundamental ontributiontothedevelopmentofPartilePhysis,in theregionandbeyond,andhaveprovedtobe
goodexamplesoftheeÆientuseofthenanialresouresdiretedto researhandeduation.
TheXXIBrazilianNationalMeetingonPartilesandFieldswasheldattheresorttownofS~aoLoureno,Minas
Gerais,from23to27Otober,2000,withthefollowingorganizationommittee: AdrianoNatale(UNESP),
Alvaro
Leonardi Ayala Filho (UFPEL), Fernando T. C. Brandt (USP), Gilvan AugustoAlves (CBPF), Henrique P. de
Oliveira(UERJ),JoseAdemirSalesdeLima (UFRN),JoseAlexandreNogueira(UFES), JoseRobertoSoaresdo
Nasimento (UFPB), Leandrode Paula(UFRJ), MarioJoseMenon (UNICAMP;Chairman). Theorganization
reeivedadministrativeassistaneofthestaoftheSoiedadeBrasileiradeFsia: EdgardGonalves,ElianaMaria
Alves,FernandoLuizBraga,NeusaMariaLuas,RobertoC.Pereira,Sueli M.deAlmeida.
Themeeting,gatheringabout250partiipants,onsistedof6plenarytalks, 12parallel talks,4reviewsessions
(one foreahmainarea),andabout250sientiommuniations(72shortoraltalksplusabout180posters). In
additiontothespeisientiativities,aroundtable(intwoparts),twohomagesessions,aseminarforgeneral
audiene,andapermanentpanelsessiondediated tohistorialretrospetive,ompleted theshedule.
A novel feature of the sientiprogram wasthe emphasis givento the poster session, with a orresponding
redutiontoonehalfofthepreviousnumberofshortoralpresentations. Thepostersessionitselfwasdevelopedasa
uniqueativity(withoutparallelprogram),onomitantlywithabuetservie. Thearrangementhasproventobe
animprovementintheeÆienyofsientiinterhanging,withoutlimitedtimefordisussions,questions,answers,
omments. Theseletion ofthe72 oralommuniationsfollowedariterion ofqualityof thework,arewith the
relativebalanebetweenthefourareas,andthefollowingpriorityfortheorderofthespeakers: 1. post-dotors,2.
graduatestudents,3. mini-reviews,4. theothers.
Afurthernovelaspetofthesientiprogramhasbeentheintrodutionoffourreviewtalks,whihhavebeen
presentedbyProfessors IoawWaga(Cosmology andGravitation), Jo~ao C.dosAnjos (Experimental HighEnergy
Physis),Marelo Gomes (Field Theory) and ErasmoM. Ferreira(Partile PhysisPhenomenology). The basi
partiipationof ProfessorsIvano Soares,JoseAdemirSalesdeLima,Marelo Gomesand SergioJoÆly. Together
withtheaudienetheysharedtheirsientiandpersonalexperieneswithProfessorTiomno,andtraedbakthe
importane of his workin thedevelopment of Physisin Brazil. Anotherhomage wasdediated to Prof.Erasmo
M.Ferreira, in oasionof his 70th birthday. ProfessorsJayme Tiomno, Josede SaBorges Filho, Luiz Pinguelli
RosaandZieliD.Thome,partiipatedinthesession. BesidesaretrospetiveaboutthesientiareerofProfessor
ErasmoFerreira,theystressedhis humanharater,hisativepersonality,andthepermanententhusiasmtowards
the developmentof Physisin Brazil. Both sessions have been reordedin lm, a material ertainly valuableas
historialandeduationaldoumentation.
Theround-tablesessionsweredediatedtothesubjet\PartilesandFieldsPhysisandtheBrazilianSienti
Poliy". Theyhavebeenomposed byresearhersin theareaofPartilesandFieldswhopartiipatedreentlyin
theommitteesofthesupportingagenies,ProfessorsCarlosA.Arag~aodeCarvalhoFilho(CLAF,CNPq),Carlos
O.EsobarCNPq), Osar
Eboli(SBF) andRonaldC.Shellard (CNPq). Theydebated during aboutthreehours
(twosessions) dierent aspets ofthe government poliy onerning nanial support to researh in the ountry,
andpossiblewaysto optimizeorganizationandeetiveintegrationoftheareaatanationallevel.
The speial session devoted to sientidiusion of theareaturned outto beagreat suess. The seminar{
\Searhing fortheInnitely Small" {presentedbyProf.Jo~ao R.de Mello Neto, gatheredanattendane of about
400teen-agedoryoungstudents,andteahers,fromsixpubliandprivateshoolsoftheS~aoLourenoregion. The
XXIstMeetingalsofeaturedapermanentexpositionof20postersillustratingthebeginningofPhysisresearhin
S~aoPaulo,inludingpituresanddoumentsfromthe`Gleb Wataghin'HistoriArhive-USP.
The losing session took plae at the main hall of the Primus Hotel, with apiano reital, poetry and prose,
presentedbyProfessorsFernandoMiguel PaheoChaves(piano)andEduardoAnt^onioCondeGaria(poetryand
prose), bothfrom the Federal Universityof Sergipe. The reitaloveredworks from the 18thenturyto present
days, with apursuitthat art is an expression ofthe dreams and strugglesof mankind, and stressing the human
eorttowardsonstrution ofa soiety based onfreedom, equalityand fraternity. After the onerta hurraso
wassharedbythepartiipantsat theGymnasium.
Sinetherstmeeting,theeditionoftheproeedingshasbeenamarkingharateristioftheseriesonPartiles
and Fields(as wellasthe eortsto maintainthe publiations). In this year, sienti ommuniations(oraland
poster), not only from the XXIst, but also from the XIXth and XXth events, are being published all them in a
ompatdisk(CD).
As itourred forthersttime in thelastyear,this speial issueof theBrazilianJournalof Physisontains
theinvitedtalks. Thisvolume,with12parallelandthe4reviewtalks,and5ofthe6plenarytalks 1
,olletsworks
overingfundamentalareasofknowledgeandwillertainlybeanimportantontributiontothesientiliterature.
Itisagratepleasuretothanktheinvitedspeakers. Theydeliveredexellentseminars. Wealsothankthe
hair-persons,theauthors,theinvitedmembersofthevarioussessions(homages,roundtables),andallthepartiipants,
forprovidingthefruitfulatmospherealongthemeetingandtherealonditionsforthesientiandpolitialdebate,
andtheritialdisussionofideas.
We gratefully aknowledge the nanial support of the Brazilian agenies CAPES, CLAF, CNPq, FAPERJ,
FAPERGS,FAPESPandFINEP.AspeialthankisdiretedtoProf.AmeliaImperioHamburger,forthehistorial
panels,andtoProf.SilvioSalinas,editoroftheBrazilianJournalofPhysis,forthepresentpubliation. Weremain
inpermanentdebtforthewonderfulreitaloeredbyProfs. FernandoM.P.ChavesandEduardoA.CondeGaria.
Finally,wethanktheauthorsofthemanusriptsprintedinthepresentissue,andMs. NeusaL.Martin,forher
supportin thenal stepsoftheedition.
MarioJoseMenon
LeandrodePaula
Guest editors
Figure1.Celebrationofthe80thbirthdayofProf. JaymeTiomno. Fromlefttoright: SergioJoÆly,MareloGomes,Jayme
Tiomno,ElisaFrotaPessoa,IvanoSoares,JoseAdemirSalesdeLima.
Figure 3. Round Table: Partiles and Fields Physis and the Brazilian Sienti Poliy. From left to right: Ronald C.
Shellard,CarlosA.Arag~aodeCarvalhoFilho,AdrianoNatale,CarlosO.Esobar, Osar
