lower ionosphere
Meteorological effects in the lower ionosphere as based on VLF/LF signal observations
... the ionosphere can be more influenced by the processes in the troposphere, so that the effects of TCs in the lower ionosphere have been studied by in-situ mode such as rocket sounding of the ...
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THE FORMAL EQUATIONS OF THE LOW LATITUDE LOWER IONOSPHERE AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
... Employing (3) in (2) and considering the momentum transfer elastic collision term one gets the fundamental equation for the balance of forces in the lower ionosphere. The interaction of the several forces ...
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Influence of water vapour on the height distribution of positive ions, effective recombination coefficient and ionisation balance in the quiet lower ionosphere
... Water is one of the most important species in the lower ionosphere and is characterised by strong spatial and temporal variability. Pronounced daily water variability is connected to planetary wave activity ...
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Structural changes in lower ionosphere wind trends at midlatitudes
... Time series of middle atmosphere parameters have been proposed to be useful for climate trend detection (e.g. Thomas, 1996) due to comparatively large signals, and owing to the fact that the middle and upper atmosphere ...
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Anomalous ELF phenomena in the Schumann resonance band as observed at Moshiri (Japan) in possible association with an earthquake in Taiwan
... and the signals were modified by reflections from the iono- spheric non-uniformity caused by the pre-seismic activity in Taiwan. Computed modifications of SR spectra agree with the observations. No distinct effect was ...
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Artificial periodic irregularities in the auroral ionosphere
... There was another intriguing effect seen in API echoes just below the F layer during the early single-frequency experiments which deserves closer examination. There was a region of backscatter extending 10 km or more ...
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Results of subionospheric radio LF monitoring prior to the Tokachi (M=8, Hokkaido, 25 September 2003) earthquake
... (JG2AS – Moshiri) we note stronger fluctuations during the nighttime period in comparison with the longer path possi- bly due to of its proximity to the interference minimum as it can be concluded from comparison of ...
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Current state-of-the-art for the measurement of non-Maxwellian plasma parameters with the EISCAT UHF Facility
... analysis for angle-of-sight from 30° to 90° by Kikuchi et al. (1989), seems to be very promising by virtue of its ability to fit any toroidal ion distribution function with only two effective shape parameters. These two ...
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The dependence of plasma density in the topside ionosphere on the solar activity level
... rather complicated way (e.g. Balan et al., 1996; Kane, 2003; Liu et al., 2003; Richards, 2001; Sethi et al., 2002; Su et al., 1999; West et al., 1997). Considerable progress has been achieved in understanding the solar ...
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Variability of Jovian ion winds: an upper limit for enhanced Joule heating
... Earth’s ionosphere, persistent short-timescale fluctuations about the mean elec- tric field could significantly increase the average Joule heat- ing in the upper atmosphere of ...
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Excitation of Alfvén impulse by the anomalous resistance onset on the auroral field lines
... A typical Pi2 waveform-damping short train implies that Pi2 is a transient response to some rapid large-scale change of the night-side magnetospheric current system (Baumjo- hann and Glassmeier, 1984; Olson, 1999). ...
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Polar cap arcs from the magnetosphere to the ionosphere: kinetic modelling and observations by Cluster and TIMED
... In order to estimate the precipitating energy flux in the po- lar cap ionosphere, we “launch” electrons with a Maxwellian distribution function with a temperature and density as given by Cluster measurements. The ...
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A 22-year cycle in the F layer ionization of the ionosphere
... Abstract. The double-sunspot-cycle variation in terres- trial magnetic activity has been well known for about 30 years. In 1990 we examined and compared the low- solar-activity (LSA) part of two consecutive cycles and ...
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Application of ionospheric corrections in the equatorial region for L1 GPS users
... Additionally, new functions to model the ionospheric de- lay should be tested, such as spherical harmonic and polyno- mial. Besides this, tests will be accomplished considering the variation of the ionospheric shell ...
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Smiles as Signals of Lower Status in Football Players and Fashion Models: Evidence That Smiles are Associated with Lower Dominance and Lower Prestige
... between lower prestige and ...and lower dominance (see Dabbs, 1997; Ellis, 2006), but these studies have tended to operationalize dominance in terms of testosterone, rather than the control of resources via ...
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REVIEW OF TOMOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION METHODS OF THE IONOSPHERE USING GNSS
... It is important to mention that the GNSS bias (related to the DCB) may be calculated before the background construction, estimated together with a background modeling (by imposing constraints on the receiver or ...
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Errors due to the tropospheric and ionospheric effects on the geographic location of data collection platforms
... The use of the Doppler shift measurements to locate a trans- mitter has been studied and tested within the Brazilian Environ- mental Data Collection System. To improve the location of Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) ...
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Merkel cell carcinoma in lower end.
... O presente relato apresenta um novo caso de carcinoma de células de Merkel em extremidade, tratado com ressecção local, radioterapia adjuvante e, no terceiro mês de pós operatório, foi s[r] ...
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A comparative study on chaoticity of equatorial/low latitude ionosphere over Indian subcontinent during geomagnetically quiet and disturbed periods
... of the system. The magnetosphere thus exhibits the signatures of both self-organization and self organized criticality. This point of view also supports the recent results of Sitnov et al. (2001) that the substorm ...
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Simultaneous high- and low-latitude reconnection: ESR and DMSP observations
... the ionosphere are very well ...polar ionosphere, produc- ing quasi-periodic electron density and temperature enhance- ments in the ...dayside ionosphere are pulsed flow channels, as observed by HF ...
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