ﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘهﺪﻧرﺎﮕﻧ :
دوﺮﻫﺎﺷ،نﺎﻨﻤﺳنﺎﺘﺳايزروﺎﺸﻛتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺰﻛﺮﻣ،ﻲﻧﺎﻴﺧاﺪﻤﺣا
ﻦﻔﻠﺗ : 2227471 -0273 ﻚﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﺴﭘ؛ :
ahmadakhyani@yahoo.com
ﺪﻠﺟ
مود هرﺎﻤﺷ، د و م ، ﻪﻤﻴﻧ مود
138 -131
ياﺰﻠﻛ
ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ
تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
ﻲﺧﺮﺑ
و
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
ﺮﺑ
يرﻮﺷ
ﺶﻨﺗ
تاﺮﺛا
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
نﺎﻨﻤﺳ
نﺎﺘﺳا
رد
هﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ
ﻲﻧﺎﻴﺧاﺪﻤﺣا
1
ﻲﻳﺎﺿرﺪﻣﺎﺣ،
2
يﺪﻣوﺮﻓدﻮﻤﺤﻣ،
3
1 . ﺎﻨﻤﺳنﺎﺘﺳايزروﺎﺸﻛتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺰﻛﺮﻣﻲﻤﻠﻋتﺎﻴﻫﻮﻀﻋ ن
) دوﺮﻫﺎﺷ ( ؛ 2 . رﻮﺸﻛبآوكﺎﺧتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣﻲﻤﻠﻋتﺎﻴﻫﻮﻀﻋ ؛
3 . نﺎﻨﻤﺳنﺎﺘﺳايزروﺎﺸﻛتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺰﻛﺮﻣسﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ )
دوﺮﻫﺎﺷ (
ﺖﻓﺎﻳردﺦﻳرﺎﺗ
: 30 / 8 / 88
شﺮﻳﺬﭘﺦﻳرﺎﺗ؛
: 1 / 11 / 88
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ﻲﺸـﻳﺎﻣزآ،ياﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗيﺎﻬﻴﮔﮋﻳوﻲﺧﺮﺑﺮﺑنآتاﺮﺛاويرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑاﺰﻠﻛمﺎﻗرايرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗﻲﺳرﺮﺑرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑ
ترﻮـﺻﻪـﺑ
ﺪﺷمﺎﺠﻧانﺎﻨﻤﺳنﺎﺘﺳاردﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗﻞﻣﺎﻛكﻮﻠﺑﺐﻟﺎﻗرد هﺪﺷدﺮﺧيﺎﻬﺗﺮﻛ .
ﻦﻳارد
ﻖـﻴﻘﺤﺗ
7 يرﻮـﺷرداﺰـﻠﻛﻢـﻗر يﺎـﻫ
توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ) 9 / 1 ، 7 و 12
ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد (
رد 3
ﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣراﺮﻜﺗ
ناﻮـﻨﻌﺑﻢـﻗروﻲﻠﺻارﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓناﻮﻨﻌﺑيرﻮﺷ،ﺖﻓ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔبﺎﺨﺘﻧاﻲﻋﺮﻓرﻮﻨﻛﺎﻓ
.
ﻧاسﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ،دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋءاﺰﺟايﺮﻴﮔهزاﺪ ،
يﻮﮕﻟاﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋبﺬﺟ
ﻲﻳاﺬـﻏ و
ناﻮـﺗ
ﻢﻳﺪﺳﺮﺑاﺮﺑردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﻲﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧاﺶﻨﻳﺰﮔ
(K/Na)
ﻲـﻓﺮﻌﻣﺎﻫهدادﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗزاﺲﭘيرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣمﺎﻗراﺎﻳﻢﻗر
ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ
. ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ
ادﻲﻨﻌﻣتاﺮﺛاهﺪﺷيﺮﻴﮔهزاﺪﻧا تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧمﺎﻤﺗﺮﺑيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗدادنﺎﺸﻧيرﺎﻣآﻪﻳﺮﺠﺗ ﻞـﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ تاﺮـﺛا ﺎـﻣا ﻪﺘﺷادارير
دﻮﺑﺮﺛﻮﻣﻲﺒﺴﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﺎﻬﻨﺗﻢﻗرويرﻮﺷ
(p<0.01)
.
،ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا،ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ،ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛﺚﻋﺎﺑيرﻮﺷﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
ﺖﺒﺴﻧوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘبﺬﺟراﺪﻘﻣ
K/Na
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔهﺎﻴﮔردﻢﻳﺪﺳﺶﻳاﺰﻓاو
. يﺪـﻨﺑهوﺮـﮔيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑﺎﻬﻧآﻞﻤﺤﺗسﺎﺳاﺮﺑمﺎﻗرا
ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ
.
ﻗرا مﺎ
SLM046
و
Modena
مﺎـﻗرا،ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ
Okapi
،
Reg&Cob
مﺎـﻗراوسﺎﺴـﺣ
Talayeh
،
Licord
و
Opera
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣﻪﻤﻴﻧهوﺮﮔرد
.
هژاو يﺎﻫ يﺪﻴﻠﻛ :
ﻢﻳﺪﺳﺮﺑاﺮﺑردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﻲﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧاﺶﻨﻳﺰﮔناﻮﺗ،يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ،اﺰﻠﻛمﺎﻗرا
(K/Na)
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﻤﻬﻣزايرﻮﺷ ﺘ
ﺶﻨﺗﻦﻳﺮ تاﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗهﺪـﻨﻨﻛدوﺪﺤﻣيﺎﻫ
ﺖﺸـﻛﺮﻳزﺢﻄـﺳﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺎـﺑﻪﻛﺖﺳاﻲﻋارز نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ بﺎﻳرﺎﻓﺖﻋارز ،
ﻲﻣهدوﺰﻓا نآﻪﻨﻣاد ﺮﺑ دﻮـﺷ
) ،ﺲﻧﻮـﻣ
2001 .( ﻪﺸـﻘﻧزاهﺪـﺷجاﺮﺨﺘـﺳاتﺎـﻋﻼﻃاسﺎﺳاﺮﺑ
كﺎــﺧداﺪﻌﺘــﺳاوﻊﺑﺎــﻨﻣ ناﺮــﻳايﺎــﻫ
، يارادﻖﻃﺎــﻨﻣ
كﺎﺧ يرﻮﺷﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗﺖﺤﺗيﺎﻫ 5
/ 44 اررﺎـﺘﻜﻫنﻮـﻴﻠﻴﻣ
ﻲــﻣﺶــﺷﻮﭘ ويﺰــﻛﺮﻣتﻼــﻓرداﺮــﺜﻛاﻪــﻛﺪــﻨﻫد
هﺪـﺷﻊﻗاوﻲﺑﻮﻨﺟيﺎﻬﺘﺷدونﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﺪـﻧا
) وﻲﻳﺎـﻨﺑ
،نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫ 1383
.( وﻲــﺳﺎﺳايﺎــﻫرﺎﻜﻫارزاﻲــﻜﻳ
رﻮــﺷﻖﻃﺎــﻨﻣيﺎــﻬﻛﺎﺧزايرادﺮــﺑهﺮــﻬﺑردﺢﻴﺤــﺻ ،
اﺮـﻳز،ﺖـﺳايرﻮﺷﻪﺑموﺎﻘﻣمﺎﻗراوتﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣﺖﺷﺎﻛ
كﺎﺧﻦﻳاحﻼﺻا وﻪﺘـﺷادزﺎـﻴﻧيدﺎـﻳزنﺎـﻣزﻪـﺑﺎـﻫ
ﺖﺴﻴﻧﻪﻓﺮﺻﻪﺑنوﺮﻘﻣ )
،نﺎﺠﻧاﺮﺗﺎﻣﺎﻫ 1998
.(
حﻼـﺻاوﻖﻴﻗدبﺎﺨﺘﻧا
تﺎـﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﻪـﺑﻞـﻤﺤﺗياﺮـﺑ
زﺎﻴﻧيرﻮﺷ ﺪﻨﻣ
ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻲﮔﮋﻳو يﺎﻫ ﻲﻜﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ
ﻲــﻣيرﻮــﺷﻪــﺑﻞــﻤﺤﺗرد ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ
. ﻦــﻳا ﻲــﮔﮋﻳو وﺎــﻫ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨـﺷﻞـﻣﺎﻛرﻮـﻄﺑ يرﻮـﺷﻪﺑ ﻞﻤﺤﺗيﺎﻫ
ﺖﺴﻴﻧهﺪﺷ .
ﻪﻧﻮﮔزايرﺎﻴﺴﺑرديرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ هوﻼـﻋﺎﻫ
ﻛﺐﺒﺳ،هﺎﻴﮔعﺎﻔﺗراوﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣﻞﻛﺶﻫﺎﻛﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎ
ﻲـﻣ ﺰـﻴﻧهﺎـﻴﮔگﺮـﺑ ﺢﻄﺳﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ دﻮـﺷ
) وﺲﻧﻮـﻣ
،تﺎﻣﺮﺗ 1986 .( ﻪـﺑﺖﺒﺴـﻧﻢﻳﺪـﺳﺖـﻈﻠﻏندﻮـﺑﻢﻛ
ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ )
ندﻮـﺑﻻﺎﺑ
K/Na
(
ﺺﺧﺎـﺷزاگﺮـﺑرد يﺎـﻫ
ﻲﺑﺎـﻳزراﺖﻬﺟﻢﻬﻣ ﻞـﻤﺤﺗ
ـﻫﺎﻴﮔ نﺎ يرﻮـﺷﺮـﺑاﺮﺑرد
ﺖﺳا ) ،نﺎﻣﺎﺘﻣآوسﻮﻴﺗﺎﻣ 1999
( . ﺮﻳدﺎـﻘﻣردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓياﺮﺑدﺎﻳزﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ لﻮﻠﺳﻲﻤﺴﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣيﺎﻫ
درﻮـﻣ
لﻮﻠـﺳ،ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘياﺮﺑدﺎﻳززﺎﻴﻧ ﻦﻳاهاﺮﻤﻫوﺖﺳازﺎﻴﻧ
ﺑﻪﺸﻳر يﺎﻫ ﻪ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔردهﮋﻳو يﺎﻫ
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻛمﻮﻠﻋردﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣيﺎﻫ ﺪﻠﺟ،يزروﺎﺸ
2 ، نﺎﺘﺴﻣز
88 132
ﺎـﺑﻪﺴـﻳﺎﻘﻣردﻢﻴـﺳﺎﺘﭘنﻮﻳبﺬﺟﻪﺑيﺮﺗدﺎﻳزﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﻣنﺎﺸﻧﻢﻳﺪﺳنﻮﻳ ﺪﻨﻫد
. ﺑ ﻪ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗﻲﻠﻛرﻮﻃ
رد ﺖﺒﺴـﻧﻦﺘـﺷادهﺎـﮕﻧﻻﺎﺑ
K/Na
ﻢـﺳﻼﭘﻮﺘﻴﺳرد
ﻲﺑﺎـﻳزراياﺮﺑﻲﺑﻮﺧﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑردنﺎـﻫﺎﻴﮔﺖـﻣوﺎﻘﻣ
ﺖﺳايرﻮﺷ )
،ﻒﻳﺮﺷوفﺮﺷا 1998
.(
نﺎـﻫﺎﻴﮔﻪﻠﻤﺟزا اﺰﻠﻛ
ﻪـﻤﻴﻧ ﻞـﻤﺤﺘﻣ يرﻮـﺷﻪـﺑ
ﻲــﻣ ﺪــﺷﺎﺑ ) ،سﺎــﻣ 1996 .( ﺲﻳﻮــﻜﻧاﺮﻓ )
1994 ( ﺪــﺣ
ﺶﻳﺎــﻣزآﻚــﻳرداراﺰـﻠﻛيرﻮــﺷﻪـﺑﻞــﻤﺤﺗﻪﻧﺎﺘـﺳآ ﻪﻋرﺰﻣ يا 9 ﻲﺳد ﺶﻫﺎـﻛﺪـﺻردوﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨـﻤﻳز
ارﻪﻧﺎﺘـﺳآﺪﺣيﻻﺎﺑرددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ 13
دردﺪـﺻرد ﻲـﺳ
ﺰﺟترﻮﺻﻦﻳاردﻪﻛدروآﺖﺳدﻪﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز و
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﻣبﻮﺴﺤﻣﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ ﻲ
ﻮﺷ د . نآﻞﻤﺤﺗﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣﻲﻀﻌﺑرد
ﺖــﺳاهﺪــﺷناﻮــﻨﻋمﺪــﻨﮔﺪــﺣرد )
جﺎــﺣوﻲﻤــﺷﺎﻫ
،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﻮــﺳر 1380
( . ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑنﺎﮔﺪــﻨﻫوﮋﭘزاﻲــﺧﺮﺑ
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ
ﺶﺨﺑردنﻮﻳﻊﻤﺠﺗيﻮﮕﻟاوبﺬﺟيﺎﻫ يﺎـﻫ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧژﻲﻳﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷرداراﺰﻠﻛﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﻦـﻳﻻﺎـﻳﺎـﻫ ـﻫ
يﺎ
ﺪﻧاﻪﺘﺴﻧادﻢﻬﻣﻚﻤﻧﻪﺑسﺎﺴﺣ وموﺎﻘﻣ )
وﻲﻨﻴﺘﺳﻮﭘ
،هدﺮﻣﻪﺳوﻲﺳ 1380
( .
ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآرد يﺮﮕﻳد
ناﺰـﻴﻣ
ونژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ،ﺮﻔﺴﻓ،ﻦﻴﻟوﺮﭘ،لﻮﻠﺤﻣﺪﻨﻗ،ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ،ﻢﻳﺪﺳ اﺰﻠﻛﻢﻗر ودﻦﻏورﺪﺻرد )
ﻼـﺻاﻢـﻗر،ﻲـﻠﺤﻣﻢـﻗر ح
هﺪﺷ (
رﻮﺷﺮﻴﻏورﻮﺷﻂﻳاﺮﺷرد راﺮـﻗﻪﺴـﻳﺎﻘﻣدرﻮـﻣ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ .
ﺷرددادنﺎﺸﻧﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲـﻓﻼﺘﺧارﻮـﺷﺮﻴﻏﻂﻳاﺮ
دﻮـﺟوﻢـﻗرودﻦﻴـﺑﻪﺸـﻳروگﺮـﺑﻢﻳﺪـﺳناﺰﻴﻣرد ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ ، وﻪﺸـﻳرردﻢﻳﺪﺳﺪﺻردرﻮﺷﻂﻳاﺮﺷردﻲﻟو
دﻮـﺑﺮﺘﻤﻛهﺪﺷ حﻼﺻاﻢﻗرگﺮﺑ )
،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوﮓـﻧاز
2001 ( . ﺎﺘﺳارﻦﻳارد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘﻦﻳا
ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣرﻮﻈﻨﻣﻪﺑ
ﻲﮔﮋﻳو
مﺰﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ وﺎﻫ
اﺰـﻠﻛﺪـﺷرﻲﻜﻳژﻮـﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓيﺎﻫ رد
رﻮﺷﻂﻳاﺮﺷ و
ﺑ اﺰـﻠﻛمﺎﻗراﺪﺷرﺶﻨﻛاوﻲﺳرﺮﺑفﺪﻫﺎ
ﺪﻣآرداﺮﺟاﻪﺑنﺎﻨﻤﺳنﺎﺘﺳارديرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﺮﺑاﺮﺑرد .
شوروداﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻦﻳارد ﺖﻔﻫ
ﺰﻠﻛ ﻢﻗر ا ﻲﻣﺎﺳا ﻪﺑ
Okapi
،
SLM046
،
Talaye
،
Reg.*Cob
،
Modena
،
Opera
و
Licord
رد رﻮﺷ ي ﺎﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ي بآ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ يرﺎﻴﺑآ 9
/ 1 ، 7 و 12 ﺮﺘﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺲﻨﻤﻳز ﻲﺳد ﻪﺑ
ﻮﺻ تﺮﻛ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ تر حﺮﻃ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد هﺪﺷ دﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ
رد ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ كﻮﻠﺑ ﻪﺳ
ﺪﻣآ رد ءاﺮﺟا ﻪﺑ راﺮﻜﺗ .
ﻲﻋﺮﻓ تﺮﻛ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﻢﻗر و ﻲﻠﺻا تﺮﻛ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ يرﻮﺷ ﺪﺷﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﻈﻧرد
ﺪﻧ . ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻞﺤﻣبﺎﺨﺘﻧازاﺲﭘ رد
يزروﺎﺸﻛ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻲﻣﺎﻴﻣ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ هﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳا نﺎﻨﻤﺳ نﺎﺘﺳا )
دوﺮﻫﺎﺷ ( ، كﺎﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻋ ود زا
ﻖﻤ
30 -0 و 60 -30 ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ يﺮﺘﻣ تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧو ﻪﻴﻬﺗ
كﺎﺧ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ECe
،
pH
،
O.C
،
،ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻓ
ﺖﻓﺎﺑ و نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ هزاﺪﻧا
ﺪﺷ يﺮﻴﮔ
) لواﺪﺟ 1 و 2 ( . زا ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ياﺮﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ رﻮﺷبآ
ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺗ رﻮﺷبآ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﺷ
ﺪ و درﻮﻣ قﻮﻓ ﻊﺒﻨﻣبآ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻲﻔﻴﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
EC
،
pH
نﻮﻴﻧآ ناﺰﻴﻣ ، و ﺎﻫ
نﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ .
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ بآ ﻦﻳا
ﺮﻜﻧﺎﺗ زاﺲﭘوﻞﻤﺣﻞﺤﻣﻪﺑﺶﻳﺎﻣزآياﺮﺟالﻮﻃرد
ﻖﻴﻗر درﻮﻣ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ يزﺎﺳ
ﺪﺷ ﻊﻗاو هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﺑ مﺎﻗرا زا ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻪ
ﺖﺸﻫ
مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ رﺬﺑ
رد رﺎﺘﻜﻫ رد ﺞﻨﭘ
ﻂﺧ ﺶﺷ ﻪﺑ يﺮﺘﻣ
طﻮﻄﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ 22
ﺪﺷ ﺖﺸﻛﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺪﻧ
. ﻛ ﻪﻴﻠ
زﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣيﺎﻫدﻮﻛ )
ﻲﻠﺻاﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ فﺮﺼﻣﻢﻛﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋو
(
ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗسﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﺮﺘﺴﺑيزﺎﺳهدﺎﻣآ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد ﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا كﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ بآ و كﺎﺧ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ) دﻮﻛ مﻮﺳ ﻚﻳ هروا
،ﺖﺷﺎﻛ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد رد مﻮﺳ ﻚﻳ
ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔعوﺮﺷﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣردﻪﻴﻘﺑوتزورزاجوﺮﺧﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ
ﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ
.( ،ﺪﺷر هرود يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﻛﺎﻓ
يﺎﻫرﻮﺘ
ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺪﺷر ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
داﺪﻌﺗ ،ﻚﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
،ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ رد ﻪﺗﻮﺑ و ﻪﺗﻮﺑ عﺎﻔﺗرا
هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
-يﺮﻴﮔ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻧ . زاﺮﺘﻣ ﻢﻴﻧ فﺬﺣزا ﺲﭘﺖﺷادﺮﺑﺢﻄﺳ
طﻮﻄﺧ ﻦﻴﻓﺮﻃ
، ﻪﺳ ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ زا
ﻪﺳ دﻮﺑﻲﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻂﺧ .
ﺟ نﻮﻳلﺎﻘﺘﻧا وبﺬﺟﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼﻲﺳرﺮﺑﺖﻬ ﺎﻫ
) ،ﻢﻳﺪﺳ
وﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
K/Na
( ﺣاﺮﻣﻲﻃرد سﺎﺳاﺮﺑهﺎﻴﮔﺪﺷرﻞ
ﺮﺘﺳﻮﻠﻴﺳيرﺎﺸﻋالوﺪﺟ
-ﺲﻴﭙﻜﻴﻣ وﻲﻟداﺮﺑ )
1984 (
رد ﻚﻳ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ) يﺪﺷر ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ 1
/ 4 ، ﻲﻫﺪﻠﮔ عوﺮﺷ (
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يرادﺮﺑ هﺎﻴﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﺑ ﻢﻳﺪﺳ و ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ و
هرﺎﺼﻋ و ﻢﻀﻫ شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد يﺮﻴﮔ
ﻲﺠﻨﺳ ﻪﻠﻌﺷ شور و يﺪﻴﺳا
1
يﺮﻴﮔ هزاﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ
و
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
K/Na
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ .
ﺲﭙﺳ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
يرﺎﻣآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ
MSTAT-C
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ
ﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ ﺪﻨ .
لوﺪﺟ
1 .
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآﻞﺤﻣكﺎﺧﻲﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓتﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ
ﻖﻤﻋ pH T.N.V EC
ﻲﻟآﻦﺑﺮﻛ نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻞﻛ بﺬﺟﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻔﺴﻓ بﺬﺟﻞﺑﺎﻗﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
سر يﻻ ﻦﺷ
)
cm
( (%)
(dS.m-1)
(%) (%)
(mg.kg-1)
(mg.kg-1)
(%)
30 -0 6 / 7 21 3 / 2 29 / 0 03 / 0 5
/ 4 135
11 22 67
60 -30 9 / 7 23 9 / 2 10 / 0 01 / 0 0
/ 3 120
10 20 70
لوﺪﺟ
2 .
بآتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ردهدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣيﺎﻫ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ
EC
pH
تﺎﻨﺑﺮﻛﻲﺑ
ﺮﻠﻛ
تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ
ﻢﻴﺴﻠﻛ + ﻢﻳﺰﻴﻨﻣ ﻢﻳﺪﺳ
(dS.m-1)
meq/L
9 / 1 7
/ 7
72 / 2 2
/ 10 2
/ 6 75
/ 7 62
/ 10
7 65
/ 7 5
/ 3 39
26 6
/ 25 5
/ 36
12 6
/ 7 5
75 40
5 / 42 5
/ 73
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺲﻧﺎﻳراوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ )
لوﺪﺟ 3 ( داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪـﻛ
تاﺮـﺛا
هﺪـﺷﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ تﺎﻔـﺻﻪـﻤﻫﺮـﺑيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد هدﻮﺑ ﺖﺳا ، ﺮـﺑﻂـﻘﻓﻢـﻗرﺮـﺛاﻪـﻛﻲﻟﺎﺣرد
هدﻮﺑﺮﺛﻮﻣﻢﻳﺪﺳﺖﻈﻠﻏوﻲﺒﺴﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ،ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺖﺳا . يرﻮـﺷﺶﻨـﺗﻞـﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣتاﺮـﺛا ﻢـﻗرو
ﺎـﻬﻨﺗ ﺮـﺑ
دﻮﺑﺮﺛﻮﻣﻲﺒﺴﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ .
لوﺪﺟرد 4
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ
درﻮـﻣيرﻮـﺷﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳردهﺪﺷﻲﺳرﺮﺑتﺎﻔﺻ
ﺖﺳاﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا .
ﻲـﻣلوﺪـﺟﻦﻳاردﺖﻗدﺎﺑ
لواحﻮﻄﺳردﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗراوﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺖﻓﺎﻳردناﻮﺗ
ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮـﻗيرﺎـﻣآهوﺮـﮔﻚـﻳرديرﻮﺷمودو ﺪـﻧا
.
ﻳاﺶﻫﺎﻛﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ رديﺮـﺘﻤﻛتﺪـﺷﺖﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧودﻦ
يرﻮﺷ 9 / 1 و 7 ﺖﺒﺴﻧﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
يرﻮﺷﻪﺑ 12
ﺖـﺳاﻪﺘـﺷادﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨـﻤﻳزﻲـﺳد .
ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻛﺖﻔﮔناﻮﺗ يرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآﺪﺣ
زاﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣمﺎﻗرا 7
ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ .
ﺎﺘﻧ
ﻲﻧﺎـﻴﻛ ويزﺎﺒﻬﺷ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺞﻳ )
1377 (
ﺗﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآﺪﺣ اراﺰﻠﻛيرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤ
6 ﺲﻨـﻤﻳزﻲـﺳد
ﻚـﻳدﺰﻧقﻮـﻓﻪـﺠﻴﺘﻧﺎـﺑﻪﻛﺪﻧدﻮﺑهدﺮﻛﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
وﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺖﻈﻠﻏ،ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣناﺰﻴﻣ
K/Na
ﺎﺑﺰﻴﻧ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﻢﻳﺪﺳﺖﻈﻠﻏﺎﻣاﺶﻫﺎﻛيرﻮﺷ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .
ﻲـﻣ نﺎﺸـﻧﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧﻦﻳا بﺬـﺟﺮـﺑيرﻮـﺷﺶﻨـﺗﺪـﻫد
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑﺮﺛﻮﻣﻼﻣﺎﻛﻢﻳﺪﺳوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣيﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ .
نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫوﻲﻳﺎـﺿرتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗردﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧﻦﻳا )
2006 ( ،
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫوداﺮﻔﻧا )
1382 (
ﻒﻳﺮـﺷوفﺮﺷاو )
1998 (
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑاﺰﻠﻛمﺎﻗراﺶﻨﻛاوردﻼﺒﻗﺰﻴﻧ دﻮﺑهﺪﺷ . يرﻮـﺷﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺎﺑمﺎﮕﻤﻫﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗراﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ردوبآبﺬـﺟﺶﻫﺎـﻛﺮﺑيرﻮـﺷﺮـﺛاﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑﺰﻴﻧ
ﺪـﺷﻞـﻳﻮﻃ،ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗﺶﻫﺎﻛﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻲﻟﻮﻠـﺳﺰﻳﺎـﻤﺗون
ﺖﺳاﻲﻬﻳﺪﺑﻼﻣﺎﻛيﺮﻣا )
هﺮـﻗويﺪﺒﻴﻣيﺪﻤﺤﻣﺮﻴﻣ
-،ﻲﺿﺎﻳ 1381 .(
لوﺪـﺟردمﺎـﻗراﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣتﺎﻔـﺻﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ 5
ﺖـﺳاﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮـﻗﻲﺑﺎـﻳزرادرﻮﻣ .
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑ
مﺎــﻗراردﺐــﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪــﺑﻪــﻧاددﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ
SLM046
،
Modena
و
Licord
هوﺮـﮔﻚﻳ ردﻪﻛ ﺪﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗيرﺎﻣآ .
ﺰﻴﻧﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ
مﺎـﻗراﻪـﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣ
Rigent*Cobrah
و
Okapi
ﻪـﺑ
يﺎــﻫدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺎــﺑﺐــﻴﺗﺮﺗ 1670
و 1684 ردمﺮﮔﻮــﻠﻴﻛ
ﺪﻣآﺖﺳﺪﺑرﺎﺘﻜﻫ .
ﻢﻗر
Opera
دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋﺎـﺑ 1927
و
ﻢــﻗر
Talaye
دﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋﺎــﺑ 1859
ردمﺮــﮔﻮــﻠﻴﻛ
ﺮـﮕﻳدهوﺮﮔودﺎﺑ ﻪﻛﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻪﻧﺎﻴﻣهوﺮﮔردرﺎﺘﻜﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣتوﺎﻔﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاﺪﻧيراد
) لوﺪﺟ 5 ( .
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻛمﻮﻠﻋردﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣيﺎﻫ ﺪﻠﺟ،يزروﺎﺸ 2 ، نﺎﺘﺴﻣز 88 134 لوﺪﺟ 3 .
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآردﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣتﺎﻔﺻﻪﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣﺲﻧﺎﻳراوﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻪﺟرد يدازآ هدﺎﻣ ﻚﺸﺧ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ عﺎﻔﺗرا ﻪﺗﻮﺑ K (%) Na (%) K/Na يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ 2 ** 3 / 34 ** 10723550 ** 16682 ** 5371 ** 7 / 494 ** 523 / 0 ** 7686 ﺎﻄﺧ 6 37 / 0 97094 55 / 56 7 / 301 312 / 22 041 / 0 901 / 95 ﻢﻗر 6 ns 685 / 0 ** 787964 * 153 ns 0 / 162 ns 997 / 2 ** 049 / 0 ns 3 / 111 يرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗ * ﻢﻗر 12 ns 29 / 0 ns 632 / 64434 * 64 / 104 ns 56 / 56 ns 463 / 3 ns 012 / 0 * 70 / 181 ﺎﻄﺧ 36 39 / 0 587 / 74174 77 / 54 68 / 75 729 / 2 009 / 0 52 / 62 τ ** ، .* ns ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ دﻮﺟوهﺪﻨﻫدنﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﺻردﻚﻳﺢﻄﺳردرادﻲﻨﻌﻣتاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
و رادﻲﻨﻌﻣتوﺎﻔﺗمﺪﻋوﺪﺻردﺞﻨﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ لوﺪﺟ 4 .
يرﻮﺷﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳردﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣتﺎﻔﺻﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ
يرﻮﺷحﻮﻄﺳ
)
ﻲﺳد ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز
( ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
)
رﺎﺘﻜﻫردمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
( ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣ
)
ﻪﺗﻮﺑﺮﺑمﺮﮔ
( ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ) ﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ ( ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ) ﺪﺻرد ( ﻢﻳﺪﺳﺖﻈﻠﻏ ) ﺪﺻرد ( K/Na 9 / 1 a 2587 a 6 a 28 / 79 a 6 / 5 b 29 / 0 a 81 / 19 7 a 2231 b 6 / 4 a 3 / 75 b 4 / 2 ab 36 / 0 b 9 / 7 12 b 1210 c 5 / 3 b 9 / 60 c 5 / 1 a 43 / 0 b 3 / 4
ﺢﻄﺳردرادﻲﻨﻌﻣتوﺎﻔﺗمﺪﻋمﻮﻬﻔﻣﻪﺑلوﺪﺟردﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣفوﺮﺣ 5
ﺪﺷﺎﺑﻲﻣﺪﺻرد
ﻠﻏﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﺎﻬﻨﺗتﺎﻔﺻﺮﻳﺎﺳنﺎﻴﻣرد ﻢﻳﺪـﺳﺖﻈ
دﻮـﺑتوﺎـﻔﺘﻣمﺎـﻗراﻦﻴـﺑ ردگﺮﺑ .
ﻢـﻗر
SLM046
ﻢﻗروﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ
Talayeh
ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ارﻢﻳﺪـﺳﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑاراد ) لوﺪﺟ 5 ( . ﺎـﺑدﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﻲﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ
هﺎـﻴﮔﻲﻧﻮﻳﺖﻴﻌﺿوﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗلﺎﻤﺘﺣاﻢﻳﺪﺳبﺬﺟﺶﻫﺎﻛ
دادﺶﻳاﺰـﻓااريرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑمﺎﻗراﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﺮﺑ .
ﺖـﻬﺟ
عﻮـﺿﻮﻣﻦـﻳا نﺪـﺷﻦﺷور ،
ﻲﮕﺘﺴـﺒﻤﻫﻂـﺑاور ﻦﻴـﺑ
وهﺎـﻴﮔﻞـﺧادﻲﻧﻮـﻳﺖﻴﻌـﺿوﺎـﺑهﺪﺷﻲﺳرﺮﺑتﺎﻔﺻ
رديرﻮـﺷﺶﻨـﺗﻪـﺑمﺎﻗراﻞﻤﺤﺗﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺮﺑنآﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ
يرﻮﺷ 12 راﺮـﻗﻪـﺟﻮﺗدرﻮـﻣ ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑ ﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
ﺖــﻓﺮﮔ ) لوﺪــﺟ 6 .( دادنﺎﺸــﻧلوﺪــﺟﻦــﻳامﺎــﻗرا
ﻲﻨﻌﻣوﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺎـﺑﻪـﻧاددﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋﻦﻴﺑيراد
،يﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗﻚﺸـﺧهدﺎـﻣ،ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ﻢﻴـﺳﺎﺘﭘﺖـﻈﻠﻏ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧو
K/Na
ﺖـﻈﻠﻏﺎﺑتﺎﻔﺻ ﻲﻔﻨﻣﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫو
ﺖﺳاﻪﺘﺷاددﻮﺟو ﻢﻳﺪﺳ .
هدادسﺎـﺳا ﺮـﺑ ﻦـﻳايﺎـﻫ
ﻪــﻧاددﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋﻲﮕﺘﺴــﺒﻤﻫناﺰــﻴﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸــﻴﺑلوﺪــﺟ ) 81 / 0 ( يﺪــﻴﻟﻮﺗﻚﺸــﺧهدﺎــﻣو ) 67 / 0 ( ﺖــﻈﻠﻏﺎــﺑ
ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاردﻢﻴـﺳﺎﺘﭘﻢـﻬﻣﺶﻘﻧﺪﻳﻮﻣﻪﻛدﻮﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﺖـﺳايرﻮـﺷﺶﻨـﺗﻪﺑاﺰﻠﻛ مﺎﻗراﻞﻤﺤﺗ .
ﺮـﺛا ﺖـﺒﺜﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻦﺘـﺷادهﺎـﮕﻧﻻﺎﺑردﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ
گﺮﺑردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺐﺟﻮﻣﻪﻛناﻮﺟيﺎﻫ
وبآبﺬﺟﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺮﺛاﺮﺑيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑهﺎﻴﮔﻞﻤﺤﺗ لﻮﻠﺳسﺎﻣآ
ﻲﻣگﺮﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﺑيﺎﻫ ﻮـﺷ
شراﺰـﮔﻼﺒـﻗ ،د
ﺖـﺳاهﺪﺷ )
،نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫويرﻮﺘـﺳا 1993 ؛ ونﻮﺗﺎـﺧ ،زروﻼﻓ 1995 .(
ﺑﻲﺑﺎﻳزراﺖﻬﺟ ﺗﺮﺘﻬ
ﻐ مﺎﻗرايرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗتاﺮﻴﻴ
مﺎـﻗراﻲﺒﺴـﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋطﺎﺒﺗرا،ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣمﺎﻗرابﺎﺨﺘﻧا و يرﻮﺷرد
ﺖﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ ) ﻞﻜﺷ 1 ( .
ﻲﻣنﺎﺸﻧﻞﻜﺷﻦﻳا ﺪﻫد
رددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺶﻫﺎﻛﮓﻨﻫآ
يرﻮﺷردمﺎﻗرا 7
و 12 توﺎﻔﺘﻣﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ .
يرﻮﺷرد 7
ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد ، مﺎـﻗرا Talaye ، Modena و SLM046 ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ وﻦﻳﺮـﺗ مﺎـــــــﻗرا Licord ، Okapi و Regent*Cobra
هدﻮﺑ مﺎﻗراﻦﻳﺮﺘﺳﺎﺴﺣ ا
ﺪﻧ . ردﻪـﻛﺖـﺳاﻲﻟﺎﺣردﻦﻳا
يرﻮﺷ 12
مﺎـﻗرا ﺮـﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد
SLM046 ، Modena و Licord ﻞـــﻤﺤﺘﻣ مﺎـــﻗراوﻦﻳﺮـــﺗ
Regent*Cobra ، Okapi و Opera ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺳﺎﺴﺣ هدﻮﺑمﺎﻗرا ﺪﻧا . ﻪﻧﻮﮔنﺎﻤﻫ
ﻲﻣهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ
، ﻞﻤﺤﺗ
ﻢﻗريرﻮﺷﻪﺑ
Licord
يرﻮﺷودرد 7
و 12 ﺖﺒﺴـﻧ
ﺖﺳاهدﻮﺑ توﺎﻔﺘﻣمﺎﻗرا ﺮﻳﺎﺳﻪﺑ .
ﻦﻴـﺑردلﺎـﺣﺮﻫﻪـﺑ
مﺎـﻗراﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣدرﻮـﻣمﺎﻗرا
Modena
و
SLM046
ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ
ﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ مﺎـﻗراﻦﻳﺮﺗ .
ردقﻮـﻓ ﻢـﻗرودﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎـﻨﺑ
يﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑﻲﺒﺴـﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗﻲﻣنﺎﺘﺳارﻮﺷﻲﺿارا ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑﻪﺘﺷاد .
لوﺪﺟ
5 .
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗراردﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣتﺎﻔﺻﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ
ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣ ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻢﻳﺪﺳﺖﻈﻠﻏ K/Na مﺎﻗرا )
رﺎﺘﻜﻫردمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
( )
ﻪﺗﻮﺑﺮﺑمﺮﮔ
( ) ﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ ( ) ﺪﺻرد ( ) ﺪﺻرد ( Okapi b 1684 4 / 4 44 / 65 4 / 4 abc 52 / 0 9 / 9 Opera ab 1927 6 / 4 69 5 / 4 ab 54 / 0 8 / 10 Licord a 2241 3 / 4 3 / 74 8 / 3 ab 55 / 0 9 / 8 SLM046 a 2355 9 / 4 8 / 76 3 / 4 c 39 / 0 9 / 11 Rigent*Cobra b 1670 6 / 4 8 / 69 9 / 3 abc 49 / 0 6 / 10 Modena a 2327 9 / 4 7 / 76 3 / 4 bc 42 / 0 7 / 12 Talaye ab 1859 5 9 / 70 8 / 4 a 60 / 0 7 / 10 ﺟ لوﺪ 6 .
يرﻮﺷردمﺎﻗراﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣتﺎﻔﺻﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ
12
ﻲﺳد ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﻢﻳﺪﺳ K/Na دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ 1 ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ** 73 / 0 1 ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣ * 47 / 0 * 49 / 0 1 ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ** 81 / 0 ** 67 / 0 ** 62 / 0 1 ﻢﻳﺪﺳ * 57 / 0 ** 66 / 0 * 43 / 0 * 56 / 0 1 k/Na ** 70 / 0 ** 71 / 0 ** 60 / 0 ** 81 / 0 ** 86 / 0 1 لوﺪﺟ 7 . ﺒﺴﻧ ﺖ K/Na يرﻮﺷﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳردمﺎﻗرا
يرﻮﺷحﻮﻄﺳ
) ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳزﻲﺳد ( 9 / 1 7 12 مﺎﻗرا K/Na K/Na ﺶﻫﺎﻛ K/Na ﺶﻫﺎﻛ Okapi a 4 / 18 bcd 5 / 8 % 53 d 9 / 2 % 84 Opera a 2 / 21 bcd 9 / 6 % 67 cd 5 / 4 % 82 Licord b 5 / 15 bcd 6 / 7 % 51 cd 2 / 3 % 80 SLM046 a 9 / 18 bc 9 / 9 % 47 bcd 1 / 7 62 Rigent*Cobra a 2 / 21 bcd 3 / 7 65 % d 8 / 3 82 Modena a 1 / 20 bc 4 / 8 % 58 bcd 3 / 6 68 Talaye a 1 / 22 bcd 9 / 6 % 69 d 9 / 2 86
ويدﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋتﺎﻔـﺻﻦﻴـﺑيرﺎـﻣآﻂـﺑاورﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ
دادنﺎﺸﻧيا بﺬـﺟناﺰـﻴﻣ،يرﻮـﺷﺶﻳاﺰـﻓاﺎﺑ
ــﻛ ﻢﻴــﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺖــﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰــﻓاﻢﻳﺪــﺳناﺰــﻴﻣوﺶﻫﺎ
. زا
ردمﺎﻗراﻢﻳﺪﺳﻪﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺖﺒﺴﻧطﺎﺒﺗراﻲﺳرﺮﺑﻲﻓﺮﻃ يرﻮﺷ
دادنﺎﺸﻧﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫ دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋردمﺎﻗراتوﺎﻔﺗ
وهﺎـﻴﮔﻞـﺧادﻲﻧﻮـﻳﺖﻴﻌـﺿوﺎﺑﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗو ﺖﺒﺴــﻧ K/Na ﺶﻨﻳﺰــﮔﻲــﻨﻌﻳ K ﺮــﺑاﺮﺑرد Na رد
مﺎـﻗراوهدﻮـﺑﻂﺒﺗﺮـﻣهﺎﻴﮔﻪﺑﺖﺷﺎﻛﻂﻴﺤﻣزالﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺘﻣ ﻞﺜﻣﻞﻤﺤ SLM046 و Modena يرﻮﺷرد 12 ﻲﺳد ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨﻤﻳز ﺖﺒﺴـﻧياراد K/Na يﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑ ) 1 / 7 و 6 / 5 (
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ مﺎﻗراﺮﻳﺎﺳﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ )
لوﺪـﺟ 7 ( . نﺎﺸـﻧﻢـﻗرودﻦـﻳاردﺖﺒﺴﻧﻦﻳاﺶﻫﺎﻛﺪﻧورﺎﻨﻤﺿ
ﻲﻣ يرﻮـﺷردﺪـﻫد 7
و 12 ﺮـﺘﻣﺮـﺑﺲﻨـﻤﻳزﻲـﺳد
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
K/Na
نﺎﺴﻜﻳيرﺎﻣآظﺎﺤﻟﻪﺑ هدﻮـﺑ
ردﻲـﻟو
ﺎﺳنﺎﻴﻣ
درادتوﺎـﻔﺗ مﺎﻗراﺮﻳ .
ﺺﺧﺎـﺷﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎـﻨﺑ يﺎـﻫ
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘوﻢﻳﺪﺳلﺎﻘﺘﻧاوبﺬﺟﺮﻴﻈﻧﻲﻧﻮﻳ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
K/Na
ﻲﻣ يﺎـﻫرﺎﻴﻌﻣ زا ﻲـﻜﻳناﻮـﻨﻌﺑﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻦﻳﻻزاﻲﻀﻌﺑ بﺎﺨﺘﻧاردﺮﺛﻮﻣ يرﻮـﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣيﺎﻫ
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧرد
Brassica
دﺮﻴﮔراﺮﻗﺮﻈﻧﺪﻣ .
ﻪـﺘﻓﺎﻳﻦﻳا
ﻒﻳﺮﺷوفﺮﺷا تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣار ) 1998 ( ﺋﺎﺗ ﻲـﻣﺪـﻴ ﺪـﻨﻛ .
ﻢﻗردرﻮﻣردﺐﻠﻄﻣﻦﻳاﻪﺘﺒﻟا
Licord
ﺖﺴﻴﻧقدﺎﺻ
و ﻢﻗرﻦﻳا ﺖﺒﺴﻧزاﺎﻬﻨﺗﻪﻧ
K/Na
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻛمﻮﻠﻋردﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣيﺎﻫ ﺪﻠﺟ،يزروﺎﺸ
2 ، نﺎﺘﺴﻣز 88
136
12 مﺎــﻗراﺮﻳﺎــﺳﻪــﺑﺖﺒﺴــﻧﺮــﺘﻣﺮــﺑﺲﻨــﻤﻳزﻲــﺳد
يرﺎـﻣآظﺎـﺤﻟﻪـﺑﻪـﻜﻠﺑ،ﺖﺳارادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻦـﻳاﺮﻳدﺎـﻘﻣ
رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ
ﻢـﻗرﻦـﻳاياﺮﺑ رديرادﻲـﻨﻌﻣﻼﻣﺎـﻛتوﺎـﻔﺗ
يرﻮــﺷ يﺎــﻫ 7 و 12 ﺲﻨــﻤﻳزﻲــﺳد درادﺮــﺘﻣﺮــﺑ
.
ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺎﺑﺪﻳﺎﺑﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻲﺒﺴـﻧﻞـﻤﺤﺗيﺮـﮕﻳديﺎـﻫ
دﻮﻤﻧﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗرﻮﺷﻂﻳاﺮﺷردارﻢﻗرﻦﻳايﻻﺎﺑ .
يرﻮـﺷﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳردمﺎﻗراﻲﺒﺴﻧدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋتاﺮﻴﻴﻌﺗ -1ﻞﻜﺷ 7 5
8 4 8 2 8 7 8 3 9 0 8 9
3 4 5 6
3 6 6 0
4 5 3 7
4 2
0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 1 0 0
Oka pi
Ope ra
Lic ord
SL M 046
Rig ent*
Cob ra
Mo den
a
Tal aye
R
Y
%
7 (d S/ m) 1 2 (d S/ m)
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
م،ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺑ . ح . ، ع،ﻲﻨﻣﻮﻣ .
، م،يدرﻮﺑيﺎﺑ .
، ﻲﺗﻮﻜﻠﻣ ، م . ج . ، 1383 . ناﺮﻳايﺎﻬﻛﺎﺧ :
وﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪـﻣ،ﻲﻳﺎـﺳﺎﻨﺷردﻦﻳﻮﻧتﻻﻮﺤﺗ
بآوكﺎﺧتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ،يرادﺮﺑهﺮﻬﺑ .
ﻧا ﺎﻨﺳتارﺎﺸﺘ .
500 ص .
ك،ﻲﻨﻴﺘﺳﻮﭘ .
، هدﺮﻣﻪﺳوﻲﺳ ع،
. ، 1380 . ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
K/Na
مﺪـﻨﮔرديرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑﺶﻨﻛاوردﺎﻬﻧﻮﻳﻲﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧالﺎﻘﺘﻧاو .
،ناﺮﻳايزروﺎﺸﻛمﻮﻠﻋﻪﻠﺠﻣ ج
. 32 ، ص . 532 -525 .
،يزﺎﺒﻬﺷ م
. ، ﻲﻧﺎﻴﻛ ع، . ، 1377 . اﺰﻠﻛيرﺎﺠﺗمﺎﻗرايرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ .
ﺖﻋارزمﻮﻠﻋهﺮﮕﻨﻛﻦﻴﻤﺠﻨﭘ حﻼﺻاو
ناﺮﻳاتﺎﺒﻧ .
جﺮﻛ .
س،يﺪﺒﻴﻣيﺪﻤﺤﻣﺮﻴﻣ .
ع . ، هﺮﻗ ﻲﺿﺎﻳ ب، . ، 1381 .
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔيرﻮﺷﺶﻨﺗيداﮋﻨﻬﺑوﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓيﺎﻫﻪﺒﻨﺟ .
ﺮﺸﻧﺰﻛﺮﻣ
نﺎﻬﻔﺻاﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد .
278 ص .
س،ﻲﻤﺷﺎﻫ .
م . ،
ﺎﻬﻴﻟﻮﺳرجﺎﺣ ش،
. ، 1380 . ﻪﺠﻧﻮﻳمﺎﻗرايرﻮﺷﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗﻲﺳرﺮﺑ .
ج،بآوكﺎﺧمﻮﻠﻋﻪﻠﺠﻣ 15
، ص 98
-90 .
Ashraf, M., Sharif, R., 1998. Does salt tolerance vary in potential oilseed crop
Brassica Carinata at different growth stages? J. Agron. Sci. 181, 103-105.
Francois, L.E., 1994. Growth, seed yield and oil content of canola grown under saline conditions. Agron. J. 86, 233-237.
Harsharan, S.G., 2010. Water uptake, water use efficiency, plant growth and ionic balance of wheat, barely, canola and chickpea plants on a sodic vertosol with variable subsoil NaCl salinity. J. Agric. Water Manage. 97, 148-156.
Hammatranjan, A., 1998. Advances in plant physiology. Pawan Kumar Scientific Pub., India.
Maathuis, F.G.M., Amtamann A., 1999. K+ nutrition and Na+ toxicity: the basis of cellular K+/Na+ ratios. Ann. Bot. 84, 123-133.
Maas, E.V., 1996. Crop salt tolerance. In: Tanji K.K. (Ed.), Agricultural salinity assessment and management. American Society of Civil Engineers, USA. pp.262-305.
Munns, R., 2001. Avenues for increasing salt tolerance of crops. In: Horst,
W.J., Schenk, M.K., Bürkert, A., Claassen, N., Flessa, H., Frommer,
W. B., Goldbach, H., Olfs, H.W., Römheld, V., Sattelmacher, B., Schmidhalter,
U., Schubert, S., Wirén, N.V., Wittenmayer, L., (Eds.), Plant nutrition-Food
security and sustainability of agro-ecosystems. Kluwer academic Publisher, springer, Netherlands. pp. 370-371.
Munns, R., Termaat, A., 1986. Whole-plant response to salinity. Aust. J. Plant physiol. 13, 60-140.
Rezaei, H., Khosh Kholgh Sima, N.A., Malakouti, M.J., Pessarakli, M, 2006. Salt tolerance of canola in relation to accumulation and xylem transportation of cations. J. Plant Nutr. 29, 1903–1917
Shanon, M.C., 1998. Adaptation of plant to salinity. Adv. Agron. 60, 75-120.
Storey, R., Gorham, K., Pitman, M.C., Hanson, M.G., Gage, D., 1993. Response of
Melantera biflora on salinity and water stress. J. Exp. Bot. 44, 1551-1561.
*
Correspondent author: Ahmad Akhyani. Tel: +98 (273) 2227471; E-Mail:ahmadakhyani@yahoo.com
Environmental Stresses in Agricultural Sciences
(ESAS) Vol. 2 (2): 131-138
Studying the effects of salt stress on yield and physiological
characteristics of winter rapeseed in Semnan province
A. Akhyani1*, H. Rezaie2, M. Froumadi3
1. The member of scientific board of Agricultural Research Center of Semnan province; 2. The member of scientific board of Soil & Water Research Institute;
3. The Bs of Agricultural Research Center of Semnan province
Abstract
In a field experiment, the growth responses of 7 winter rapeseed varieties to three levels of salinity induced by 1.9, 7 and 12 dS m-1 were investigated using a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Salinity was the main plot and varieties were sub plots. The tolerant cultivar(s) was introduced after data analysis based on seed yield and yield components measurement, studying the nutrient uptake pattern and the selective choosing ability of potassium against sodium (K/Na). The results of data analysis indicated that the effect of salt stress on all studied traits were significant (p<0.01) in all varieties, but the interaction between salinity and variety was just significant in relative yield (p<0.05). Increasing salinity reduced total dry matter, seed yield, K uptake, K/Na ratio and plant height, while it increased Na concentration. The varieties were accordingly ranked into different groups. The varieties SLM046 and Modena were classified as saline tolerant group, and okapi and Reg&cob as saline sensitive group, and Talaye, Licord and opera as moderately tolerant.
Keywords: Winter rapeseed, Salt Stress, K/Na Ratio
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Title: مﺪﻨﮔﻢﻗروددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋياﺰﺟاودﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﺑﻮﻃرﺶﻨ ﺮﻴﺛﺎ
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