زا
ه
700،6 و ﻪـﺑﻢﺗﺎـ لﻮـﻃ، ﺶﻨـﺗﻪ ﺗﻴ ﺐ رد ﻂ نوﺪﺑ GMP و S ﻪـﺑار ،ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ل لﻼﺑ و داﺪﻌﺗ ﻲ يراد ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد د ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ T ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ و ( Rosielle and
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﻪﭼﺮﻫوهدﻮﺑ رد .دﻮﺑﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ نآ راﺪ 1
. Tolerance 2
. Mean Prod
ﻳ
ﺪ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺎﺑ
) ساﺮـﻛ 500 ، 647
1 ـﺧنﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷرد لﻼـﺑردﻪـﻧادداﺪ
ﻳ ﺞ ﻪـﻛدادنﺎـﺸﻧ
5 رﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ ﺮﺘﺑ) ﻢﻗر 704 اﺮﺷرد ﻳ ﻂ ﺺﺧ يﺎـﻫ MP ، P SC704 و SC700 تﺎﻔ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﻄﻗ لﻮﻃ،لﻼﺑ فﻼﺘﺧا ﻲﻨﻌﻣ Gh درﻮﻣ رد .(
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ 1
) TOL
ﻦﻴﻠﺒﻣﺎﻫوﻞ )
d
ﺷ يﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻜﺸﺧﻪﺑﺎﻫﺪﻳ
،ﺪﺷ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺮﺗ ﺧ
ﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﺖﻔﮔ Index ductivity مﻮ ﻲﻋارز لوا 94
ﺮﺘﻬ
ﻳ
ﻦ
ﻫ
ﻴ
ﺮﺒ
ﻳ
دﺰﻳنﺎﺘﺳاﻲﻌ . 93 ي ﻫ ﻴ ﺮﺒ ﻳ ﺪ ـﺳ ﻴ ﻞﮕﻨ نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗرد 1388 دررد ﻳ ﻒ ﺪﻌﺗ،لﻼﺑ
ﺎـﺘﻧ .دﻮﺑﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻳ زاﻪﻧاد 2 / 10 ﻪﺑ 5 / 5
ﻪﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ (رﺎﺘﻜﻫر دﻮﺑ . ﺧﺎـﺷ ﻧﻴ ﺰ ﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ ﻴ ﺐ ﻢﻗر ﺪﺷ ﺺ ﻪﻛ ﻔﺻ ﻪﻧاد رد ،ﻒﻳدر ل ﺮﻈﻧزا يرﺎﻣآ ahfarrokhi e ﺗ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﻲﻜ ( ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو ﻞﻳزور
Ha .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ( ﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﺖ
ﺺ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺗ ﺷﺎﺑ MP ( ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﮔ Tabataba ي ﺤﻣ ﻲﻄﻴ ﻮﻠﻋرد هرﺎﻤﺷ لوا ، ﻪﻤﻴﻧ 125 -121 هﺎﺗﻮﻛ
ﻌﺗ
و
ت
ﻴﻴ
ﻦ
ﻬﺑ
ﻜﺸﺧ
ﻪﺑ
ﻞ
ﻲ
يﺮﻛﺎﺷنﺎﺴﺣ 2
ﻌﻴﺒﻃﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣويزرو ﺖﻋارزﺪ .
:شﺮﻳﺬﭘﺦ 31 / 01 / 3
اﻪﻧادترذﻢﻗرر ي ﺖ ردتﻼﭘ 3 راﺮﻜﺗ ﻒ ﺪﻌﺗ،لﻼﺑ ﻪﻧاددا ﺺﺧﺎﺷوﻪﻧاددﺮﻜ
رﻮﻄ ي ددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﻪﻛ
ﺑ .ﺖﺷادد ﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ﻦ
ﻂ ) ﺶﻨﺗ 9 / 3 ردﻦﺗ ﺺﺧ SSI و ToL ﻪﻧاد يا ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ،ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴ داﺪﻌﺗ رد ﻪﻧاد ﺮﻫ لﻼﺑ
et al., 2004 ﻜﺸﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻤﺤ هﺮﻬ يرو 2 ) MP ( amblin, 1981 ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣﺮﮕﻧﺎﻳﺎﻤ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻦﻳاناﺰﻴﻣ
)ﺺﺧﺎﺷ درﻮﻣ
P a4761@yahoo ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﻠﺟ ﻫ ﻢﺘﺸ ﺷ، ﻲﻤﻠﻋشراﺰﮔ
ترذ
يﺎﻫﺪﻳ
ﺺ
ﺎﻫ
ي
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ
ﻲﻳﺎﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃﻲ 1 * ﺣا،وﺎﺸﻛتﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺰﻛﺮ 2 . ﺪﺷراسﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﺖ : 01 / 11 / 90 ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ؛ ي 7 و 10 رﺎﻬﭼﺮﺑزور
ﻲ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻠﭙﺳا ﻴ ﺖ
درداﺪﻌﺗ،ﻪﺗﻮﺑع ﻳ ﻒ ﺑدﺮ ﻴ ژﻮﻟﻮ ﻳ ،ﻚ ﻜﻠﻤﻋ يﺮ هﺪﺷ دﺮﮔ ﻳ ،ﺪ ﻄﺑ فﻼ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد دﻮﺟو ﻢﻗر 500 اﺮﺷرد ﻳ ﻂ ﻓﺮﻌ ﻲ ﺧﺎﺷوﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ
. ﻪ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ دﻮﺒ بآ يزرو ﻪﺑ فﻼﺘﺧا ﻪﺸﻳر ﺎﻫ ه دﻮﺷ ناﺰ بآ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ Om رد .(
د ترذ د ﻴﺑ د ) ﺤﺗ ﻬﺑ 1 ﻤﻧ ﻣ ﻣ :ﻚﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟ o.com
ﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻴﺳ ﺮﻣﻲﻤﻠﻋﺖﺌﻴﻫﻮﻀرﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ رد ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ
ﺑآرودسﺎﺳا ﻴ رﺎ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﻓدﺎﺼﺗﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻲ ي عﺎﻔﺗراﻞﻣﺎﺷهﺪﺷ
ن ﻪﻧادراﺰﻫ ﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ، ﻣ ﻲ تﺎﻔﺻ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﻴﮔ ﺑ ﻴ ﻦ ﻧمﺎﻗرا ﻴ ﺰ ﻼﺘﺧا
ﻪﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻌﻣﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ . TOL ، ﺑآرود ﻴ رﺎ ي يد ﺪﻧراﺬﮔﺮﺛا ﻪﻛ ﺪ . ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا ﻦﻳا دﺮﻜﻠﻤ و دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺒﻤﻛ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻳ
تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ وﺎﺸﻛ ﻲ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ حﻼﻣا و ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮ هﺎﻴﮔ ﻦ ور ﺰﻴﻣ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ
وﺖﻴﻤﻛﺶﻳاﺰﻓ midbaigi, 20 ءاﺰﺟا و دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃ ﻲﻳ . ﻟاﺖﺴﭘ
ﻜﺸﺧ
ﻲ
ﻤﻋ
ﺮﺑ
1 . ﻀﻋﻜﺸﺧﺶﻨﺗﺮﺛ ﻲ
ﺮﺑ
كﻮﻠﺑحﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗر تﺎﻔﺻ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ
نزو ،لﻼﺑبﻮﭼنز ﺶﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد ﻣﺎﻤﺗ
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ(زور ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ .
ﺮﺘﻤﻛو (رﺎﺘﻜﻫ ﻳ
ﻦ
S ﻢﻗرناﻮﻨﻋﻪﺑار
ﻓﺮﻌﻣﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑﻞﻤ ﻲ ﻢﻗر 704 ، ﺺﺧﺎﺷ L
دﺎﻳزﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣﻞﻣ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ رﻮﻈ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻤﻋ ﺖﺳ . ا نﺎﻴﻣ زا
هﺪﻨﻨﻛد ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻣ ﺶﻨ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﻲﻣ تر بﺬﺟ بآ و بﺬﺟ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ Ahmad .( ازا ﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻓا ﻚﻤ ) ﺪﻨﻛ 007 ﻲﻜ ﺮﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ و :ﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎ ﺳ ﻴ ﺪ ﻠﻋ ﻲ ﻃ
ﺧ
ﺶﻨﺗ
ﺮﺛا
ﻜﭼ ﻴ هﺪ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲ ﺛا 704 ﺎﻣزآ ( ﻳ ﺸ ﻲ رد
.ﺪﺷﻪﺘﺷاﺬﮔاﺮﺟا زو،لﻼﺑﺮﻄﻗ،لﻼﺑ ﻜﺸﺧ ﻲ ﻫﺎﻛﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺑآرود ﻴ رﺎ ي 7 و 10 )ﺶﻨﺗ 7 / 11 ردﻦﺗ STI ﻢﻗر، C704 ﻤﺤﺘﻣمﺎﻗراناﻮﻨﻋ
هژاو ﺎﻫ ي يﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ر ﺪﺷ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻣاﻮﻋ ﺎ ﺖﺤﺗ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻈﻨﻣ رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺳا ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻦ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻲ دور . ﻊﻗاورد ﻨﺗ ﻞ و ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺑ رﺪﻗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ناﺰﻴﻣ dian et al.,
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺮﺗ ﺖﺳا ) Chogan et al., 2008 .(
و ﻞﻳزور
ﻦﻴﻠﺒﻣﺎﻫ )
Rosielle and Hamblin, 1981 ﺺﺧﺎﺷ (
ﻚﻴﻧﻮﻣرﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 1
) Harm ( ﺰﻴﻧ ار ﻪﺋارا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻦﻳا بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
ﺮﺗ .ﺖﺳا
ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ 2
) SSI ﺰﻴﻧ ار ( ررﻮﺋﺎﻣ و ﺮﺸﻴﻓ
) Fisher and
Maurer, 1978 ﻪﭼﺮﻫﻪﻛﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧﻪﺋارا (
راﺪﻘﻣ نآ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﺮﺗ
.ﺖﺳا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ زﺪﻧﺎﻧﺮﻓ
) Fernandez, 1992 ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺰﻴﻧ (
3
) STI (
،ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﻚﻳ ياﺮﺑ نآ يﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻛ دﺮﻛ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ار نﺎﺸﻧ هﺪﻨﻫد ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ و ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗ
.ﺖﺳا ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ نآ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ وا
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ يﺮﮕﻳد ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 4
) GMP ﺰﻴﻧ ار ( ﻪﺋارا ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻪﻛ دﺮﻛ
دراد ﺶﻨﺗو لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺘﻤﻛ و
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ نآ يدﺪﻋ راﺪﻘﻣ ندﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻠﻛ ﻲ فﺪﻫ زا مﺎﺠﻧا ﻦﻳا ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
يﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ترذ
رد حﻮﻄﺳ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ
ﻲﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ و بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ
ﺖﺸﻛ رد
ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ياراد ﺶﻨﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا و دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ رد
حﻮﻄﺳ
ﺶﻨﺗ دﻮﺑ .
وداﻮﻣ شور ﺎﻫ
،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ حﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗردتﻼﭘﺖﻴﻠﭙﺳا كﻮﻠﺑ
ﺎﻫ ي
نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ و رﺎﻬﺑ رد راﺮﻜﺗ ﻪﺳﺎﺑ و ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ 1388
رد
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺟلﻮﻃ) دﺰﻳنﺎﺘﺳاردﻢﺗﺎﺧنﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ 54
و ﻪﺟرد
5 ضﺮﻋوﻪﻘﻴﻗد 30
وﻪﺟرد 5 عﺎﻔﺗراوﻪﻘﻴﻗد 1633
زاﺮﺘﻣ
رود ﻞﻣﺎﺷﺢﻄﺳ ودردﻲﻠﺻا رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ .ﺪﺷمﺎﺠﻧا (ﺎﻳردﺢﻄﺳ يرﺎﻴﺑآ 7 وزور 10 ﺢﻄﺳرﺎﻬﭼردﻲﻋﺮﻓرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓوزور ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﻫﻴ ﺮﺒ ﻳ ﺎﻫﺪ ي ساﺮﻛ ﻞﮕﻨﻴﺳ ترذ 500
، 647 ، 700 و 704
ﻞﻣﺎﺷﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآﺪﺣاوﺮﻫرد .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ 6
ﻒﻳدر 6 ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓﺎﺑيﺮﺘﻣ
ﻒﻳدر ﻦﻴﺑ 75
ﻒﻳدريورو ﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ 10
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺮﺘﻤﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ
رد .ﺪﺷ تﺮﻛ ﺎﻫ ي ﺶﻨﺗنوﺪﺑ يرﺎﻴﺑآ،
ﻞﺤﻣفﺮﻋﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﺮﻫ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ و بآ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ و كﺎﺧ عﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ 7
زور ﻚﻳ رﺎﺑ
ا دﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧ ﻳ رد ،ﺪ تﺮﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﻛ نآ
ﺎﻫ لﺎﻤﻋا
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ وهﺎﻴﮔراﺮﻘﺘﺳانﺎﻣزﺎﺗيرﺎﻴﺑآ 5
ﺎﺗ 6 ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣﻲﮔﺮﺑ
دﻮﺑ ه ﻪﺑيرﺎﻴﺑآ رودﺲﭙﺳو 10
زور ﻚﻳ رﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑنﺎﻣز
1
. Harmonic mean 2
. Stress Susecpibility Index 3
. Stress Tolerance Index 4
. Geometrical Mean Productivitry ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
. ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ فﺬﺣزاﺲﭘﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا
،ﻪﻴﺷﺎﺣتاﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻃ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ 10 وبﺎﺨﺘﻧاتﺮﻛﺮﻫردﻪﺗﻮﺑ
عﺎﻔﺗرا نآ ﺎﻫ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ تﺎﻔﺻ
رد ﻪﻧادداﺪﻌﺗ ،لﻼﺑﻒﻳدر ردﻪﻧاد داﺪﻌﺗ،لﻼﺑ ﻒﻳدر داﺪﻌﺗ لﻼﺑبﻮﭼنزو ولﻼﺑﺮﻄﻗ،لﻼﺑلﻮﻃ،لﻼﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ
10 لﻼﺑ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ و بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ ﻲﺘﺳد تﺎﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ
هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ .ﺪﺷ هزاﺪﻧا
يﺮﻴﮔ نزو ﻪﻧاد راﺰﻫ داﺪﻌﺗ ،
1000 ﻪﻧاد دﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو و شرﺎﻤﺷ رﺬﺑ ﺮﮕﺷرﺎﻤﺷ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد
.ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔﻦﻳزﻮﺗﺲﭙﺳ ﺎﻬﻧرد
ﻳ ﺖ زا،ﻪﻴﺷﺎﺣﺮﺛافﺬﺣ زاﺲﭘ
2 ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآﺪﺣاوﺮﻫ ﻂﺳوﻂﺧ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ
ﺎﻫ كﺎﺧ ﺢﻄﺳزا
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﺣاوردﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ،ﻦﻳزﻮﺗ زاﺲﭘ و ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ هزاﺪﻧا ﻴﮔ يﺮ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﺷ لﻼﺑ
ﺎﻫ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑو اﺪﺟ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ زا
ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﻪﺑ نﺪﻴﺳر زا ﺲﭘ و هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ 14
يوزاﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد
ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﻗد ﺪﺣاو رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ و هﺪﺷ ﻦﻳزﻮﺗ
ﺪﻣآﺖﺳدﻪﺑﺖﺷادﺮﺑﺺﺧﺎﺷوﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣﺢﻄﺳ .
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋياﺰﺟاودﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ يرﺎﻴﺑآ رود ﺮﺛا داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ تﺎﻔﺻ ﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ ﻲ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد ﺮﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻢﻗر ﺮﺛا ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ،ﺖﺳا
تﺎﻔﺻﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
ﻪﺑ يﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳا نزو ﻪﻧادراﺰﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد
.دﻮﺑ ﻛ ﻪﺑﺰﻴﻧ يرﺎﻴﺑآ ﻞﺻاﻮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺮﺛا ردﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا ﺶﻫﺎ
ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و كﺎﺧ ﺘﻧرد ﻴ ﻪﺠ دﺎﺠﻳا
ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﺶﻨﺗ )
Moazen ghamsari et al.,
2009 فﻼﺘﺧا .( ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
راد ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ مﺎﻗرا ﻦﻴﺑ رد ﻪﺗﻮﺑ عﺎﻔﺗرا
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ دراد ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ
) Hassan, 2000;
Mardafkan et al., 2009 (
. ﻊﻗاورد ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﻦﻳا ﺖﻔﮔ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ عﺎﻔﺗرا فﻼﺘﺧا ﻲﻣ
ﻧاﻮﺗ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗرا ﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺪ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ تﺎﻧﺎﻜﻣا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا )
Ahmadi and
Bahrani, 2009 ﺮﺛا درﻮﻣرد .(
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد ،لﻮﻃﺮﺑ بآﺶﻨﺗ
لﻼﺑ بﻮﭼ نزو و ﺮﻄﻗ ﻲﻣ
ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﺶﻨﺗﻪﻛ دﻮﻤﻧنﺎﻴﺑ
وگﺮﺑﺢﻄﺳﺺﺧﺎﺷﺶﻫﺎﻛ،ﻲﺸﻳازوﻲﺸﻳورهرودلﻮﻃرد ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧرد ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ار گﺮﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﺣاو رد ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺷ و ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻲﻔﻨﻣﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗوهدروﺮﭘداﻮﻣﻪﺿﺮﻋﺶﻫﺎﻛنآ
دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪﺷر ﺮﺑ نآ )
Mojaddam, 2009 .(
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد
ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ لﻼﺑ بﻮﭼ نزو ﺮﺑ يرﺎﻴﺑآ ﺮﺛا نﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا نآ
ﻪﻛ
و ،ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﻪﺑ
ﻠﻛرﻮﻃ ﻲ ﻚﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﺳو ﻴ ﻪﻠ ،هﺎﻴﮔ
بآ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺪﺸﻧاﺪﺟ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑاو ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
يﺮﻛﺎﺷوﻲﻳﺎﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃ :
ﻜﺸﺧﺶﻨﺗﺮﺛا ﻲ
ﻌﺗوترذيﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑ ﻴﻴ
ﻦ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻳ ﻦ ﻫﻴ ﺮﺒ ﻳﺪ . . . 123
زو ،يرﺎﻴﺑآ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺰﻴﻧ ﻚﺸﺧ ن
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
) Nakhjavani moghaddam et al., 2011 .(
ﻪﺑيرﺎﻴﺑآﺢﻄﺳﺶﻫﺎﻛﺮﺛاردهﺎﻴﮔولﻼﺑردﻪﻧادداﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻢﺨﺗ لﻮﻠﺳ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ مﺪﻋ و يرورﺎﺑ رد نﺎﺼﻘﻧ ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ) Westgate, 1994 .(
ﻊﻗاورد نﺎﻣز رد بآ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﻞﻛﺎﻛ ﻲﻫد ﻲﻣ ﻧاﻮﺗ جوﺮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺪ ﻪﻟﻼﻛ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ لﻼﺑ فﻼﻏ زا
ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﺚﻋﺎﺑو ﺪﻧﺰﺑ نآ
ﺎﻫ رﺬﺑداﺪﻌﺗو دﻮﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ
هﺪﺷ رد
) ﺪﻫد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ار لﻼﺑ
Koocheki and Sarmadnia,
2005 لﻼﺑﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳدﺶﻫﺎﻛﻖﻳﺮﻃزابآدﻮﺒﻤﻛﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(
ﻪﻧاد ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ هدروﺮﭘ داﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣ
دﻮﺷ
) Rafiee et al., 2009 نزو .(
ﻪﻧادراﺰﻫ ًﺎﻤﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗﺖﺤﺗ
زا ﺪﻌﺑ يﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ داﻮﻣ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ هدﺮﮔ
ﻲﻧﺎﺸﻓا .ﺖﺳا داﻮﻣ ﻦﻳا
ﻲﻣ ﻧاﻮﺗ داﻮﻣ دﺪﺠﻣ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺎﻳ و هﺎﻴﮔ يرﺎﺟ ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ زا ﺪﻨ
هﺮﻴﺧذ هﺪﺷ رد ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ، گﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻳ و لﻮﺴﭙﻛ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ
) Ahmadi and Bahrani, 2009 زايرﺎﻴﺑآ ﻢﺠﺣﺶﻫﺎﻛ .(
هرود ندﺮﻛ هﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ نﺪﺷﺮﭘ
ﻛ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﻧاد نزو نﺪﺷ ﻢ
ﻪﻧادراﺰﻫ ﻲﻣ
ددﺮﮔ ) Nakhjavani moghaddam et al.,
2011 دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ و ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻳﻻد زا .( نﺪﺷ ﻞﺘﺨﻣ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟاﻮﻣ رد ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا هﺎﻴﮔ ﻲﻜﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ )
Howell et al.,
1995 ﻲﻜﺸﺧﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﺘﻬﺑنﺎﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ .( ﻪﺑ
ﻪﻄﺳاو ﺮﺑ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
ﺖﻓاﺐﺟﻮﻣﻲﺸﻳورتﺎﻔﺻﺮﻳﺎﺳوعﺎﻔﺗرا،گﺮﺑﺢﻄﺳﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺪﺷﺪﻫاﻮﺧ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ )
Rezaei -Sukht abnadani et al., 2008
.( ﻪﺑ ﻲﻠﻛرﻮﻃ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ )
7 / 11 رد ﻦﺗ
ﻢﻗررﺎﻤﻴﺗرد (رﺎﺘﻜﻫ SC704
ﺪﻣآﺖﺳدﻪﺑبآﺶﻨﺗنوﺪﺑو
ﻞﻜﺷ) 1 .( اد ﻲﻜﺸﺧ ﻪﺑ موﺎﻘﻣ مﺎﻗرا ﺶﻨﺗ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد يار
ﻲﻣ سﺎﺴﺣ مﺎﻗرا ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
) Nesmit et al., 1992 ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .(
) يﺮﮕﻳدناﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘﻂﺳﻮﺗﻲﻜﺸﺧﺪﻳﺪﺷﺶﻨﺗ Rafiee et
al., 2008 ترذ رد (
شراﺰﮔ هﺪﺷ .ﺖﺳا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ
كﻼﻣ ﻲﻤﻬﻣ رد ﺶﻨﻳﺰﮔ مﺎﻗرا ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗو ارﺎﻛ ﻲﻳ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺖﺳا و
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ . ﻦﻳا ﻲﮔﮋﻳو نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫد
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺎﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ
ﻻﺎﺑ ناﺰﻴﻣﻪﭼ زا
ﻦﻳا دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ار ﻪﻧاد ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ صﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫد . ﻪﺑ نﺎﻴﺑ ﺮﮕﻳد
ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﺖﻔﮔ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋ
رد هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ هدﻮﺑ و درادنآﺎﺑﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ )
Papari
and Bahrani, 2005
.(
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻠﻛ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔﺺﺨﺸﻣﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳارد
ترذ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ بآدﻮﺒﻤﻛ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻣ
ددﺮﮔ و
نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻨﻛاو ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗرا ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫد .
تﺎﻔﺻ ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ
ﻦﻴﻋرد لﺎﺣ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷياﺮﺑ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﻢﻗر ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ
704
ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ ﻢﻫ نﻮﻨﻛا رد ترذ ﺖﺸﻛ ﺮﻳز ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗارﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻫد .
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
KSC500 KSC647 KSC700 KSC704
b b ab
a
e d
cd c
ﻪﻧا
د
دﺮ
ﻜﻠ
ﻤﻋ
)
رﺎﺘ
ﻜﻫ
رد
ﻦﺗ
(
Gr
ain yie
ld(
t/
ha
(
ﺎﻬﭙﻴﺗﻮﻧژ
Genotypes
زورﺖﻔﻫيرﺎﻴﺑآ
Seven days irrigation
زورهديرﺎﻴﺑآ
Ten days irrigation
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻢﻗرويرﺎﻴﺑآرودﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣﺮﺛا . ترذمﺎﻗراﻪﻧاد
Fig. 1. Intraction effect of Irrigation and cultivar on Grain yield of corn cultivars
لوﺪﺟ 1 . .دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋياﺰﺟاودﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑﻢﻗرويرﺎﻴﺑآﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣيﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗهدﺎﺳتاﺮﺛاﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ
Table 1. Analysis of variance for yield and yield components of maize cultivars affected by levels of irrigation.
ﻒﻳدرداﺪﻌﺗ لﻼﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻪﻧاد لﻼﺑرد بﻮﭼنزو
لﻼﺑ (مﺮﮔ) لﻼﺑﺮﻄﻗ
ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ) (ﺮﺘﻣ لﻼﺑلﻮﻃ
ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ) (ﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺗﻮﺑعﺎﻔﺗرا
ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ) (ﺮﺘﻣ
Rows per ear Grains per
ear Ear wood
weight (gr) Ear Diameter
(cm) Ear Length
(cm) Plant Height
(cm)
يرﺎﻴﺑآ
Irrigation
14.31a 539.2a
19.94a 4.89a
19.76a 191.7a
زورﺖﻔﻫ Seven days
12.56b 384b
16.08b 4.22b
17.13b 158.9b
زورهد Ten days
ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ
Hybrids
12.13b 374.6c
15.93c 3.63d
16.02b 156.6c
KSC500
13.3ab 436.8b
16.55bc 4.34c
16.97b 172.3b
KSC647
13.95a 489.5ab
18.88ab 5.07b
19.80a 180.1b
KSC700
14.35a 545.5a
20.68a 5.25a
20.99a 192.2a
KSC704
لوﺪﺟ 1 ﻪﻣادا .
Table 1. Continued
ﺖﺷادﺮﺑﺺﺧﺎﺷ (%) ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
(رﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ) ﻪﻧاددﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
(رﺎﺘﻜﻫردﻦﺗ) ﻪﻧادراﺰﻫنزو
(مﺮﮔ) ردﻪﻧادداﺪﻌﺗ
ﻒﻳدر رﺎﻤﻴﺗ
Treatments
Harvest Index (%) Biological yield
(t/ha) Grain yield
(t/ha) 1000 Grain
weight (gr) Grains
per row
يرﺎﻴﺑآ
Irrigation
46.94a 21.86a
10.28a 286.6a
37.95a زورﺖﻔﻫ
Seven days
30.57b 18b
5.55b 217.4b
30.51b زورهد
Ten days
ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ
Hybrids
35.21b 18.69b
6.83c 264.8a
30.45b KSC500
36.28b 19.09b
7.09bc 236.9a
32.73b KSC647
41.12a 20.14ab
8.35ab 252.8a
35.02ab KSC700
42.42a 21.8a
9.39a 253.6a
38a KSC704
لوﺪﺟ 2 . ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ .ﻲﻜﺸﺧﺶﻨﺗﻂﻳاﺮﺷردترذمﺎﻗراﻲﻜﺸﺧﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗ
Table 2. Drought tolerance indices for maize hybrids in drought stress conditions.
ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
هﺮﻬﺑ يرو ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﺶﻨﺗﻪﺑﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ
Hybrids
SSI TOL
MP STI
GMP
1.27 5.71
6.83
0.36
6.2
KSC500
1.03 4.42
7.09
0.42
6.73
KSC647
0.87 4.56
8.41
0.62
8.14
KSC700
0.85 4.26
9.39
0.78
9.11
KSC704
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ Ahmadi, M., Bahrani, M.J., 2009. Effect of
different nitrogen levels on yield and yield components and oil rate of sesame cultivars in Bushehr region. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, 13(48), 123-131. [In Persian with English Summary].
يﺮﻛﺎﺷوﻲﻳﺎﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃ :
ﻜﺸﺧﺶﻨﺗﺮﺛا ﻲ
ﻌﺗوترذيﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋﺮﺑ ﻴﻴ
ﻦ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻳ ﻦ ﻫﻴ ﺮﺒ ﻳﺪ . . . 125
compounds in (Cuminum cyminum L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Science. 40(1), 173-180. [In Persian with English Summary]. Chogan, R., Heidari, A.R., Mohamadi, A.,
Hadadi, M.H., 2008. Evaluation of drought tolerance in grain maize hybrides using droughttolerance indices. Plant and Soil, 24(3), 543-562. [In Persian with English Summary].
Fernandez, G. C., 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of AVRDC, 13-16 Aug. Taiwan.
Fisher, R. A., Maurer, R., 1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. I. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 29, 897-912.
Ghahfarrokhi, A. R., Khodabandeh, N., Ahmadi, A., Bankehsaz, A., 2004. Study on effect of drought stress in different growth stages on yield, yield components and quality of grain maize. Abstracts of the 8th. Iranian Congress of Crop Sciences. College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht. Page 239 [In Persian with English Summary].
Hassan, A.A., 2000. Effect of plant population density on yield and yield components of eight Egyption maize hybrids. Bulletin of Agriculture, University of Cairo. 51, 1-16. Howell T.A., Yazar A., Schneider A.D., Duser
D.A., and Copeland K.S. 1995. Yield and Water use efficiency of corn in response to lepa irrigation. Transaction of the ASAE 38(6), 1737- 1747.
Koocheki, A., Sarmadnia, G.H., 2005. Physiology of Crop Science. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication. 400p. [In Persian].
Mardafkan, P., Arbat, H., Ahrizadeh, S., Darbandi, S., 2009. Evaluation of drought tolerance in grain maize hybrides using drought tolerance indices. Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(12), 13-25. [In Persian with English Summary].
Moazen ghamsari, B., Akbari, Gh.A., Zohurian, M.J., Nick niaei, A.B., 2009. Study of yield and growth indices of silage maize affected by superabsorbtion (superwater A-20) under drought stress condition. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 40(3), 1-8. [In Persian with English Summary].
Mojadam, M., 2009. Effec of water stress and management of using nitrogen on distribution of dry matter and some charachteristics in Maize hybrid cv. KSC 704. Enviromental Stress in Crop Sciences, 1(2), 123-136. [In Persian with English Summary].
Nakhjavani-Moghaddam, M.M., Najafi, E., Sadrghaen, S.H., Farhadi, E., 2011. Effect of different levels of irrigation and plant density on grain yield and yield components and water use efficiency in maize cv. KSC 302. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 27-2(1), 73-90. [In Persian with English Summary]. Nesmith, D. S., and Ritchie, J. T. 1992. Effects
of soil water-deficits during tassel emergence on development of maize (Zea mays L.). Field Crops Research. 28: 251-256.
Omidbaigi, R., 2007. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Behnashr Pub. 340pp. [In Persian].
Papari Moghaddam Fard, A., Bahrani, M.J., 2005. Efffect of nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on some agronomic charactristics, seed yield, oil and protein percentage in two sesame cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science, 36(1), 129-135. (In Persian with English Summery) Rafiee, M., Karimi, M., Nurmohamadi, GH.,
Nadian, H., 2009. Effects of drought stress and Phosphorus and Zinc levels on some morphological and physiological traits of maize. Physiology of Crop Science. 1(1): 1-9. [In Persian with English Summary].
Rosielli, A., Hamblin, J., 1981. Theoritical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non- stress environment. Crop Science. 21: 493-501.
Rezaei-Sukht-Abnadani, R., Charati Araei, A., Akbari Nodehi, D., Ramazani, M., 2008. Effect or Irrigation and different on nitrogen on silage dry yield and water use efficiency in Maize cv. KSC 704 in mazandaran province. Results of Modern Agriculture, 3(2), 122-135. [In Persian with English Summary].
