Travestimento: literatura, gênero e escritura

TRAVESTIMENTO: LITERATURA, GÊNERO E ESCRITURA

TRANSVESTISM: LITERATURE, GENDER AND WRITING

Leandro Júnio Santos Queiroz13

Resumo:

(VWH DUWLJR H[FHUWR GH PLQKD SHVTXLVD GH GLVVHUWDomR GH PHVWUDGR TXH LQYHVWLJD D escritura do travestimento homoerótico como representação identitária na literatu-UD Eliteratu-UDVLOHLliteratu-UD GLVFRUUH VREUH R FRQFHLWR GH Wliteratu-UDYHVWLPHQWR XWLOL]DGR GHQRWDWLYD H PH-WDIRULFDPHQWH QD OLWHUDWXUD $ URXSD H D HVFULWD VmR WHFQRORJLDV FOiVVLFDV GDt QRVVD DERUGDJHP VREUH R WUDYHVWLPHQWR ItVLFR H OLWHUiULR 7DO FRQFHLWR p GHVHQYROYLGR QD DERUGDJHP GDV SURItFXDV UHODo}HV HQWUH OLWHUDWXUD JrQHUR H HVFULWXUD 7DO FRPR D WHFQRORJLD R JrQHUR p IUXWR GDV UHODo}HV VRFLDLV H SRUWDQWR LQVHUH VH QR FRQWH[WR GD SHUIRUPDWLYLGDGH 1HVWH VHQWLGR D OLWHUDWXUD WDO TXDO RXWUDV DUWHV FRPR R FLQHPD D WHOHGUDPDWXUJLD R WHDWUR H D SLQWXUD SRGHP VHU FRQVLGHUDGRV ULFRV UHFXUVRV RULXQGRV GDV PDLV GLYHUVDV WHFQRORJLDV GD FRPXQLFDomR TXHVWLRQDQGR DV FRQVWUXo}HV VRFLDLV H D QRUPDWLYLGDGH LPSRVWD

Palavras-Chave: 7UDYHVWLPHQWR /LWHUDWXUD *rQHUR (VFULWXUD

Abstract:

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

Keywords: 7UDQVYHVWLVP /LWHUDWXUH *HQGHU :ULWLQJ

Introdução

O termo “travestimento” costuma ser utilizado para explicar a mudan-oD GH LGHQWLGDGH GH XPD SHUVRQDJHP TXDQGR HVWD VH YHVWH RX VH GLVIDUmudan-oD FRP URXSDV GR VH[R RSRVWR HQWUHWDQWR WUDYHVWLU YHP D VHU WDPEpP R DWR GH ´YHVWLU VH SDUD DSDUHQWDU VHU GH RXWUR VH[R FRQGLomR RX LGDGHµ RX ´>ID]HU@ WRPDU QRYD DSDUrQFLD FDUiWHU WUDQVIRUPDU VH µ RX DLQGD ´WRUQDU LUUHFRQKHFtYHO IDOVLÀFDUµ +28$,66 S 1mR SRU DFDVR R WHUPR ¶WUDYHVWL· p SRU H[WHQVmR GLVIDUFH &RPR VH VDEH R VLJQR ¶WUDYHVWL· HVWi YLQ-FXODGR j QRomR GH VH[XDOLGDGH PXLWR HPERUD R GHVHMR GH WUDYHVWLU VH QmR /($1'52 -Ô1,2 6$1726 48(,52= p PHVWUDQGR GR 3URJUDPD GH 3yV *UDGXDomR HP /HWUDV (V-WXGRV /LWHUiULRV GD 8QLYHUVLGDGH (VWDGXDO GH 0RQWHV &ODURV ² 81,0217(6 ( PDLO OHRVDQTXH]# KRWPDLO FRP

HVWHMD GLUHWDPHQWH UHODFLRQDGR j HVWLPXODomR VH[XDO 3RGH VH WUDYHVWLU SRU YiULRV PRWLYRV TXH YmR GHVGH D UHDOL]DomR GH XPD IDQWDVLD DWp R IHWLFKLVPR LQFOXLQGR VH UD]}HV FRPHUFLDLV KXPRUtVWLFDV HWF 'HVWH PRGR WUDEDOKDUHPRV FRP RXWUDV QRo}HV GH WUDYHVWLVPR H QmR VRPHQWH FRP D LGHLD GR WUDYHVWL-PHQWR HQTXDQWR PDQLIHVWDomR GH XP GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR

$SHVDU GR DX[tOLR GRV GLFLRQiULRV p PXLWR FRPXP FRQIXVmR HQWUH RV FRQFHLWRV UHODFLRQDGRV j VH[XDOLGDGH 6mR LQ~PHUDV QRPHQFODWXUDV UHODFLR-QDGDV j TXHVWmR GR JrQHUR H TXH JHUDOPHQWH VH WRUQDP FRQIXVDV 'HVWD IRUPD ID] VH QHFHVViULR XPD H[SODQDomR UiSLGD GH YiULRV FRQFHLWRV D VH-rem utilizados aqui para tentarmos não só dirimir dúvidas como clarear nosso FDPSR GH HVWXGRV 3DUD WDQWR WRPDUHPRV FRPR EDVH D SXEOLFDomR Manual

GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 GD $/*%7 $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH /pVELFDV *D\V %LVVH[XDLV 7UDYHVWLV H 7UDQVH[XDLV HPEDVDGR QR , &RQJUHVVR GD $%*/7 H QD , &RQIHUrQFLD 1DFLRQDO /*%7 &RPHFHPRV SHOD UHODomR GHVWH WHPD FRP D VH[XDOLGDGH TXH VH UHIHUH

jV HODERUDo}HV FXOWXUDLV VREUH RV SUD]HUHV H RV LQWHUFkP-bios sociais e corporais que compreendem desde o ero-WLVPR R GHVHMR H R DIHWR DWp QRo}HV UHODWLYDV j VD~GH j UHSURGXomR DR XVR GH WHFQRORJLDV H DR H[HUFtFLR GR SRGHU QD VRFLHGDGH $V GHÀQLo}HV DWXDLV GD VH[XDOLGDGH DEDUFDP QDV FLrQFLDV VRFLDLV VLJQLÀFDGRV LGHLDV GHVH-MRV VHQVDo}HV HPRo}HV H[SHULrQFLDV FRQGXWDV SURLEL-o}HV PRGHORV H IDQWDVLDV TXH VmR FRQÀJXUDGRV GH PR-GRV GLYHUVRV HP GLIHUHQWHV FRQWH[WRV VRFLDLV H SHUtRPR-GRV KLVWyULFRV 7UDWD VH SRUWDQWR GH XP FRQFHLWR GLQkPLFR TXH YDL HYROXFLRQDQGR H TXH HVWi VXMHLWR D GLYHUVRV XVRV P~OWLSODV H FRQWUDGLWyULDV LQWHUSUHWDo}HV H TXH VH HQFRQ-WUD VXMHLWR D GHEDWHV H D GLVSXWDV SROtWLFDV Manual de &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S

Salientamos aqui a noção de sexualidade como produto sociocultural VXMHLWR D PXGDQoDV WUDQVIRUPDo}HV DYDQoRV H UHWURFHVVRV DFHUWRV H HTXt-YRFRV D SDUWLU GRV HVSDoRV H WHPSRV HP TXH p XWLOL]DGD

7UDYHVWL p R WHUPR TXH GHVFUHYH R LQGLYtGXR TXH REWpP SUD]HU GH TXDOTXHU WLSR HP YHVWLU VH RX GLVIDUoDU VH FRP DV URXSDV GR VH[R RSRVWR DR VHX +i SRUWDQWR KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV WUDYHVWLV $OpP GDV YHVWLPHQWDV FRVWX-PDP XVDU DFHVVyULRV H ELMXWHULDV GR VH[R RSRVWR DOpP GH XP QRPH VRFLDO &RQVLGHUDQGR D FRQRWDomR VH[XDO RV DV WUDYHVWLV VmR JHUDOPHQWH FRQVLGH-rados transgêneros LVWR p DTXHODV SHVVRDV TXH WUDQVLWDP HQWUH RV JrQHURV DTXHODV FXMD LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR WUDQVFHQGH DV GHÀQLo}HV FRQYHQFLRQDLV

'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQXDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

4XDQWR DR FRQFHLWR WUDQVJrQHUR DGYLQGR GH ¶JrQHUR HP WUkQVLWR· GH DFRUGR FRP 0DUJDUHWK 1HSRPXFHQR ´p DSUHVHQWDGR FRPR SRVVLELOLGDGH GRV TXH FUX]DP DV IURQWHLUDV À[DV GH JrQHUR DWUDYpV GH XPD WHFQRORJLD GH VL VXEMHWLYDGD DWUDYpV GD FRUSRUDOLGDGH H GD ÁXLGH] GDV VH[XDOL-GDGHV SURGX]LGDVµ 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ ID]HQGRJHQHUR XIVF EU VWB KWPO $FHVVR HP

GH VH[XDOLGDGH FRQIRUPH R 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%716 _6mR

FRQVLGH-UDGRV WUDQVJrQHURV QmR VRPHQWH RV DV WUDYHVWLV PDV WDPEpP RV DV WUDQVH-[XDLV RV WUDQVIRUPLVWDV DV Drag Queens DV Drag Kings RV Cross Dressers e RV LQWHUVH[ (PERUD R WUDYHVWLPHQWR QmR LPSOLTXH QHFHVVDULDPHQWH HP KR-PRVVH[XDOLGDGH p FRPXP HVWD DVVRFLDomR 3RUWDQWR ID] VH QHFHVViULR R UHVJDWH GH DOJXQV FRQFHLWRV SDUD H[SODQDomR H FRQVHTXHQWHPHQWH SDUD D UXSWXUD GH PLWRV H ´HUURVµ $ FRUUHODomR HQWUH WUDYHVWLPHQWR OLWHUDWXUD Jr-QHUR H HVFULWXUD p FRPR YHUHPRV LQHYLWiYHO

Homossexualismo, Homossexualidade, Homoerotismo

O termo ‘homossexualidade’ surgiu no século XIX para designar o inte-UHVVH H D DWUDomR VH[XDO SRU LQGLYtGXRV GR PHVPR VH[R 6HJXQGR RV HVWXGRV TXH VH GHEUXoDUDP VRE HVVD WHPiWLFD D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH DR ORQJR GD +LV-WyULD IRL FRQVLGHUDGD SHFDGR GHVYLR GH SHUVRQDOLGDGH ORXFXUD DWp R SRQWR GH VHU FRQVLGHUDGD FULPH H SDWRORJLD PDLV UHFHQWHPHQWH 1R GHFRUUHU GD +LVWyULD Mi IRL GHQRPLQDGD GDV PDLV GLYHUVDV IRUPDV amor maldito amor que

QmR RXVD GL]HU R VHX QRPH amor grego amor antifísico sodomia pederas-tia pecado nefando pecado mudo SHFDGR ÀORVyÀFR vício abominável infâmia QR MDUJmR SROLFLDO delito contra a natureza HQWUH RXWUDV YDULDQWHV

$ SUySULD FLrQFLD DLQGD QmR GHX FRQWD GH HVFODUHFHU VXDV UD]}HV RX RULJHQV &HUWR p TXH WXGR DTXLOR TXH DLQGD QmR IRL EHP H[SOLFDGR p DOYR GH ´SUp FRQFHLWRVµ %DVWD TXH VH YHULÀTXH DV PDLV YDULDGDV GHQRPLQDo}HV GDGDV DRV KRPRVVH[XDLV QR GHFRUUHU GRV DQRV sodomita fanchono gay

entendi-do pederasta viaentendi-do bicha bichinha fruta invertientendi-do pervertientendi-do maldito uranista intersexual missexual efeminado traveco mulher-macho VDSDWmR

HWF 'LYHUVDV VmR WDPEpP DV FRQRWDo}HV DWULEXtGDV DR KRPRHURWLVPR QRV PDLV YDULDGRV GLVFXUVRV anomalia/GRHQoD no discurso médico; pecado no discurso religioso; neurose no discurso psiquiátrico; crime QR GLVFXUVR MXUtGLFR

SHUYHUVmR no psicanalítico; indecência QR VHQVR FRPXP FRQIRUPH VDOLHQWD

-XUDQGLU )UHLUH &RVWD e HOH TXHP PHOKRU UHVXPH

1RV FRVWXPHV OHLJRV FLHQWtÀFRV RX OLWHUiULRV KRPRVVH[XDO H UHODomR KRPRVVH[XDO SHUWHQFHP j JUDPiWLFD GD GH-YDVVLGmR REVFHQLGDGH SHFDGR KHUPDIURGLWLVPR SUR-PLVFXLGDGH EHVWLDOLGDGH LQYHUVmR GRHQoD SHUYHUVmR IDOWD GH YHUJRQKD VDGLVPR PDVRTXLVPR SDVVLYLGDGH HWF &267$ S

$ FUtWLFD H D WHRULD OLWHUiULDV SUHIHUHP R HPSUHJR GR WHUPR ¶KRPRH-URWLVPR· H R HQWHQGH FRPR ´XPD SRVVLELOLGDGH TXH WHP FHUWRV VXMHLWRV GH sentir diversos WLSRV GH DWUDomR HUyWLFD RX GH VH UHODFLRQDU ÀVLFDPHQWH GH GLYHUVDV PDQHLUDV FRP RXWURV GR PHVPR VH[R ELROyJLFRµ &267$ S

2 HPSUHJR GH ¶KRPRHURWLVPR· DWHQGH PHOKRU j QRomR GH GHVHMR H 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

não necessariamente de sexo como é comum se observar no emprego de ¶KRPRVVH[XDOLVPR· RX ¶KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH· (QWUHWDQWR Ki GH VH FRQVLGHUDU TXH GH DFRUGR FRP RV HVWXGRV OLWHUiULRV R KRPRHURWLVPR HQYROYH WRGDV DV UHODo}HV HQWUH LJXDLV HP WRGDV DV VXDV PDQLIHVWDo}HV VHP TXH QHFHVVD-ULDPHQWH RFRUUD UHODomR ItVLFD LVWR p FDUQDO HQWUH HVWHV FRUSRV F~PSOLFHV 0XLWDV YH]HV R GHVHMR HQTXDQWR LPSXOVR VH[XDO RX DPELomR DIHWLYD SRGH VHU VXEOLPDGR LQWHUGLWDGR RX PHVPR LPSRVVLELOLWDGR 1HP SRU LVVR R GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR GHL[DUi GH H[LVWLU 1D PDLRULD GDV YH]HV R GHVHMR QR VHQWLGR JHUDO KRPRHUyWLFR RX QmR SUHVVXS}H DPELomR DPRURVD H SRGH VHU PDQL-IHVWDGR DWUDYpV GRV ROKDUHV GDV FDUtFLDV GRV PRYLPHQWRV GRV JHVWRV HQÀP GD OLQJXDJHP YHUEDO H FRUSRUDO 'H DFRUGR FRP (OLVDEHWK %DGLQWHU R GHVHMR KRPRVVH[XDO ODWHQWH RX QmR SRU VL Vy SUHVVXS}H SUiWLFD KRPRHUy-WLFD $VVLP DLQGD TXH R GHVHMR DIHWLYR VH[XDO HQWUH LJXDLV QHP VHPSUH VHMD P~WXR GHVGH TXH HOH RFRUUD KDYHUi SRUWDQWR PDQLIHVWDomR GR KRPRHUR-WLVPR

$ SUHVHQoD GR KRPRHURWLVPR QD /LWHUDWXUD %UDVLOHLUD WHP VH HIHWLYDGR SULQFLSDOPHQWH D SDUWLU GH GpFDGD HP TXH VXUJH R 0RYLPHQWR Gay ,QFOXVLYH p D SDUWLU GH TXH R WHPD VH FRQVROLGD HIHWLYDPHQWH DSHVDU GR WHUPR ¶KRPRVVH[XDO· WHU VLGR FXQKDGR GHVGH $ UHSUHVHQWDomR ÀF-FLRQDO GD KRPRDIHWLYLGDGH WHUPR PDLV FRPXP QR PHLR MXUtGLFR WHP VLGR DPSODPHQWH SHVTXLVDGD VREUHWXGR DSyV R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GRV HVWXGRV FXOWXUDLV H GH JrQHUR D SDUWLU GRV DQRV $ SDUWLU GH HQWmR RV gay’s

stu-dies e a queer teory HQWUDP HP IUDQFD DVFHQVmR 2 LQGLYtGXR KRPRVVH[XDO

DLQGD QmR p YLVWR FRPR GHYHULD PDV HVWHV HVWXGRV FRQWULEXHP SDUD XPD PHOKRU FRPSUHHQVmR GDV VH[XDOLGDGHV H TXH SRU LVVR PHVPR SRGHP SUR-SRUFLRQDU XPD UHGXomR GR SUHFRQFHLWR H GD LJQRUkQFLD 6H DQWHV R KRPR-DIHWLYR HUD YLVWR FRPR SHUYHUVR RX SHUYHUWLGR GRHQWH RX ORXFR WUDQVJUHVVRU RX ´DQRUPDOµ KRMH VHX FRPSRUWDPHQWR p QR PtQLPR PDLV GLVFXWLGR H FRP-SUHHQGLGR UD]mR SHOD TXDO Mi p WmR FRPXP D SUHVHQoD GH SHUVRQDJHQV KR-PRVVH[XDLV HP ÀOPHV WHOHQRYHODV H OLYURV OLWHUiULRV HVWDQGR SUHVHQWH QRV PDLV GLYHUVRV PHLRV GH FRPXQLFDomR UHODFLRQDGRV RX QmR jV WHFQRORJLDV +RMH RV YHUGDGHLURV ´FULPHV FRQWUD D QDWXUH]Dµ VmR DTXHOHV TXH FHUFHLDP YLGDV KR-PRVVH[XDLV RX QmR KXPDQDV RX QmR 1R HQWDQWR R VHU KXPDQR DLQGD QmR FRQVHJXH FRQYLYHU SDFLÀFDPHQWH FRP R GHVHMR GR RXWUR $ LQWROHUkQFLD DLQ-GD H[LVWH FRPR VH SRGH REVHUYDU FRWLGLDQDPHQWH QRV QRWLFLiULRV

Uma vez que este trabalho também pretende contribuir para uma PHOKRU FRPSUHHQVmR GR DVVXQWR p SUHFLVR HVFODUHFHU LPHGLDWDPHQWH D GLVWLQomR HQWUH RV VLJQRV ´KRPRVVH[XDOLVPRµ H ´KRPRHURWLVPRµ 2 SULPHLUR VHJXQGR R IUDQFrV 0LFKHO )RXFDXOW H R EUDVLOHLUR -XUDQGLU )UHLUH &RVWD UHPHWH DR SUHFRQFHLWR KRPRIyELFR YLJHQWH QR VpFXOR ;,; DR SDVVR TXH R VHJXQGR UHFRORFD D TXHVWmR VHP KRPRIRELD 2 SVLFDQDOLVWD EUDVLOHLUR HQVLQD

7HRULFDPHQWH > @ KRPRHURWLVPR p SUHIHUtYHO D ´KR-mossexualidade” ou “homossexualismo” porque tais palavras remetem quem as emprega ao vocabulário GR VpFXOR ;,; TXH GHX RULJHP j LGpLD GR

´KRPRVVH-[XDOµ ,VWR VLJQLÀFD HP EUHYHV SDODYUDV TXH WRGD YH] TXH DV HPSUHJDPRV FRQWLQXDPRV SHQVDQGR IDODQGR H agindo emocionalmente inspirados na crença de que existem uma sexualidade e um tipo humanos “homosse-[XDLVµ LQGHSHQGHQWHV GR KiELWR OLQJXtVWLFR TXH RV FULRX

&267$ S

3UHWHQGHQGR DFDEDU FRP D FRQRWDomR SHMRUDWLYD GH WDLV WHUPRV -X-UDQGLU )UHLUH &RVWD SURS}H R HPSUHJR GH homoerotismo em lugar de

homos-sexualidade 6HJXQGR HOH LVVR VH ID] QHFHVViULR SRU WUrV UD]}HV

$ SULPHLUD p GH RUGHP WHyULFD 'HYLGR j REVFXULGDGH dos termos convencionais ‘homossexualismo’ e ‘homos-VH[XDOLGDGH· +RPRHURWLVPR p XPD QRomR PDLV ÁH[tYHO e que descreve melhor as pluralidades das práticas e GHVHMRV KXPDQRV $ VHJXQGD SRUTXH QHJD D LGpLD GD existência de uma ‘substância homossexual’ orgânica RX SVtTXLFD FRPXP D VXMHLWRV FRP WHQGrQFLDV KRPRHUy-WLFDV $ WHUFHLUD UD]mR SRUTXH R WHUPR KRPRHURWLVPR QmR SRVVXL D IRUPD VXEVWDQWLYD TXH LQGLFD LGHQWLGDGH FRPR no caso do ‘homossexualismo’ de onde derivou o subs-WDQWLYR ¶KRPRVVH[XDO· 6HQGR TXH R WHUPR KRPRHURWLVPR DGPLWH R HQWHQGLPHQWR GD DWUDomR SHOR PHVPR VH[R

&267$ S

$OpP GLVVR R VXÀ[R ´LVPRµ p FHQWUR GH GLVFXVV}HV SROrPLFDV TXH DFD-EDP SRU QmR GHÀQL OR FRPSOHWDPHQWH 3DUD DOJXQV HQWUH RXWURV VLJQLÀFD-GRV p VXÀ[R GH GRHQoD GH PROpVWLD R TXH LPSOLFD QXPD DÀUPDomR TXH D SUySULD FLrQFLD DLQGD QmR GHX FRQWD GH HVFODUHFHU 3DUD RXWURV R VXÀ[R GHQRWD ¶FLrQFLD· R TXH WDPEpP QmR VH FRQVWLWXL YHUGDGH XPD YH] TXH WDPEpP QmR p XPD GRXWULQD 2 VXÀ[R ´LVPRµ p JUDGDWLYDPHQWH DEDQGRQD-GR VXUJLQDEDQGRQD-GR RXWUR ´GDGHµ TXH VLJQLÀFD ´XP PRDEDQGRQD-GR GH VHUµ 'HVVD PDQHLUD KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH p SUHIHUtYHO D KRPRVVH[XDOLVPR H KRPRHURWLVPR p SUHIH-UtYHO D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH $ $%(+ $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH (VWXGRV GD +R-mocultura) e outros setores críticos e de pesquisa recomenda o uso do termo KRPRHURWLVPR $VVLP R KRPRHURWLVPR p DWXDOPHQWH FRPSUHHQGLGR FRPR D DWUDomR ItVLFD HPRFLRQDO RX DWp PHVPR HVSLULWXDO HQWUH SHVVRDV GR PHVPR VH[R ELROyJLFR (VWH VHUi R FRQFHLWR TXH XWLOL]DUHPRV D SDUWLU GH DJRUD HVWD-EHOHFHQGR DV SRVVtYHLV UHODo}HV HQWUH HVWH VLJQR H RXWURV FRPR WUDYHVWLVPR WUDQVH[XDOLVPR DQGURJLQLD HWF

Travestismo, Transexualismo, Androginia

1D OLWHUDWXUD R WUDYHVWLPHQWR p IUHTXHQWHPHQWH WUDEDOKDGR TXHU PH-WDIRULFDPHQWH FRPR DUWLItFLR HVFULWXUDO TXHU GHQRWDWLYDPHQWH FRPR WUDYHV-WLPHQWR ItVLFR DVVRFLDGR RX QmR jV SHUVRQDJHQV KRPRVVH[XDLV $VVLP p SRV-VtYHO TXH H[FOXLQGR D FRQRWDomR VH[XDO PXLWRV HVFULWRUHV WHQKDP XWLOL]DGR o travestimento como performance GH JrQHUR QD PHGLGD HP TXH R SUD]HU

HVWDULD HP PDFXODU D ÀJXUD GR KRPHP YLULO H KHWHURVVH[XDO WmR LGHDOL]DGR SHOD FXOWXUD PDFKLVWD IDORFUiWLFD DQGURFrQWULFD H SDWULDUFDO 'HVWH PRGR p UHFRUUHQWH QD OLWHUDWXUD D YLQFXODomR GR KRPRHURWLVPR j UHSUHVHQWDomR LGHQWLWiULD H DR WUDYHVWLPHQWR Mi TXH R WUDYHVWLGR VH HQFRQWUD QR HQWUH OX-gar 1mR p LVVR QHP DTXLOR e DPEtJXR p D SUySULD HVFULWXUD WUDYHVWLGD GH FRUSRV TXH VH GHVHMDP 1RV MRJRV HUyWLFRV GR ¶VHU· H ¶WHU· R KRPRHURWLFD-mente inclinado hesita entre ser homem e ter homem 2 WUDYHVWL PDVFXOLQR SRU VXD YH] KHVLWD HQWUH ´ser mulher” e ter homem

A expressão anterior entre aspas sugere que vai muito além de “ser PXOKHUµ UD]mR SHOD TXDO DOJXQV HVWXGRV GLVFRUGDP GHVVD YLVmR 'RQ .XOLFN SRU H[HPSOR HP VHX HVWXGR HWQRJUiÀFR GH VREUH DV WUDYHVWLV GH 6DOYD-GRU DÀUPD TXH DV WUDYHVWLV QHJDP R GHVHMR GH DGTXLULU D IHPLQLOLGDGH QDWXUDO GDV PXOKHUHV DWp SRUTXH HODV DV WUDYHVWLV VH VHQWLULDP VXSHULRUHV jV PXOKHUHV SRU YiULRV PRWLYRV .8/,&. S 6HJXQGR HOH D H[SUHVVmR ´VHQWLU VH PXOKHUµ HQWUH DV WUDYHVWLV WHP FRQRWDomR QHJDWLYD UHIHULQGR VH jTXHODV TXH WHLPDP HP LU FRQWUD XP IDWR WUDYHVWLV QmR VmR PXOKHUHV QHP QXQFD VHUmR 1HP PHVPR EXVFDP FRQIRUPH .XOLFN XPD VXEMHWLYLGDGH IHPLQLQD SRUTXH SRGHULDP VH VHQWLU VXSHULRUHV XPDV jV RXWUDV FRPR RFRUUH FRP DV PXOKHUHV QR SRQWR GH YLVWD WUDYHVWL 3RU HVVH PRWLYR QR GL]HU GH .XOLFN DV travestis estariam constantemente relembrando sua masculinidade e não se GHÀQLULDP QHP FRPR KRPHQV QHP FRPR PXOKHUHV UHLYLQGLFDQGR R WtWXOR GH KRPRVVH[XDLV DXWrQWLFRV UHDOPHQWH ´DVVXPLGRVµ (ODV VmR GHVFULWDV PXLWDV YH]HV FRPR ´KRPHQV FRP SHLWRµ RX ´PXOKHUHV FRP SDXµ FRPHQWD .XOLFN ou se autodenominam “mulheríssimas” porque seriam ‘mais mulheres’ que as SUySULDV DÀQDO SRGHP YLYHQFLDU DV GXDV IDVHV PDVFXOLQD H IHPLQLQD $V PX-OKHUHV QmR HVWDV VHULDP ¶DSHQDV PXPX-OKHUHV· .8/,&. S &RQWXGR D VXEMHWLYLGDGH WUDYHVWL QmR p WmR VLPSOHV SRLV

PHVPR YHVWLGDV GH KRPHP HODV QmR VmR KRPHQV GH IDWR DV WUDYHVWLV QmR VH FRQVLGHUDP ¶KRPHQV· GHFODUDP SDUD TXHP OKHV SHUJXQWDU H UHDÀUPDP SDUD VL PHVPDV FRQVWDQWHPHQWH HVWD LGpLD PDV KRPRVVH[XDLV LVWR p

Entre-lugar é um construto teórico criado por Silviano Santiago em seu ensaio “O entre-lugar do discurso latino-americano” presente em 8PD OLWHUDWXUD QRV WUySLFRV $PSODPHQWH XWLOL]DGR QD GLVFXVVmR GRV (VWXGRV &XOWXUDLV R FRQFHLWR UHIHUH VH jV ´SROtWLFDVµ FUtWLFDV GH GH-VORFDPHQWR GHVFHQWUDPHQWR H GHVFRQVWUXomR $VVLP WDO FRQFHLWR DEDUFD DV LGHQWLGDGHV HP WUkQVLWR H RV GLVFXUVRV GH WUDQVLomR IURQWHLUD H PDUJLQDOL]DomR LQFOXLQGR VH DV PLQRULDV $TXL VDOLHQWDPRV TXH R VXMHLWR WUDYHVWLGR VH HQFRQWUD QR HQWUH OXJDU SRU HVWDU HQWUH R PDVFXOLQR H R IHPLQLQR QmR DSDUHQWDQGR FRPSOHWDPHQWH QHP XP QHP RXWUR $OpP GLVVR SRU HVWDUHP FRQWUiULRV jV QRUPDV FXOWXUDLV H VRFLDLV LPSRVWDV KHWHURQRUPDWLYLGDGH PDFKLVPR SDWULDUFDGR os homossexuais (travestidos ou não) são tidos como queers H FRQVLGHUDGRV PDUJLQDLV j PDU-JHP GD VRFLHGDGH outsiders IRUD GD OHL QRUPD ´GLIHUHQWHVµ H ´GHÀFLHQWHVµ $VVLP D ÀJXUD GR WUDYHVWL VH HQFDL[D QHVWH XQLYHUVR GD WUDYHVVLD IURQWHLUD PDUJHP WUDQVLomR GH XP JrQHUR SDUD RXWUR GH XPD LGHQWLGDGH SDUD RXWUD 1HVWH WUDEDOKR PXLWRV VmR RV HQWUH OXJDUHV D TXH QRV UHIHULPRV ÀFomR H UHDOLGDGH PHPyULD H LQYHQomR YHUGDGH H PHQWLUD VDJUDGR H SURIDQR EHP H PDO DXWRU H OHLWRU KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH H KHWHURVVH[XDOLGDGH PDVFXOLQR H IHPLQLQR DPRU H DPL]DGH YLGD H PRUWH HQWUH RXWURV ( FRPR DSRQWD 'HQLOVRQ /RSHV IUiJHLV H DPEtJXDV VmR DV IURQWHLUDV HQWUH KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGHV H KHWHURVVH[XDOLGDGHV /23(6 S ´2 HQWUH OX-JDU GDV KRPRDIHWLYLGDGHV HVWi HQWUH LGHQWLGDGHV HQWUH KRPR H KHWHURVVH[XDOLGDGHV LPSOLFD UHSHQVDU DV PDVFXOLQLGDGHV SDUD DOpP GH XPD KRPRVVRFLDELOLGDGH KRPRIyELFD µ /23(6

7DO TXDO R WUDYHVWLPHQWR D HVFULWD WDPEpP DSUHVHQWD HVVH FDUiWHU GH HQWUH OXJDU XPD YH] TXH Ki XPD LQGHFLGLELOLGDGH GR WUDYHVWLPHQWR KRPHP H PXOKHU H GD HVFULWD WpFQLFD H DUWH

´YLDGRVµ ELFKDV 2 Q~FOHR GXUR GH VXD VXEMHWLYLGDGH p R IDWR GH VHQWLUHP DWUDomR ItVLFD H VH[XDO SRU KRPHQV > @ 2 GHVHMR KRPRVVH[XDO p SRUWDQWR D WHQGrQFLD TXH EDOL]D H Gi VHQWLGR jV SUiWLFDV FRUSRUDLV jV DWLYLGDGHV SURÀVVLRQDLV H DRV UHODFLRQDPHQWRV DIHWLYRV GDV WUDYHVWLV 6HU KRPRVVH[XDO HVWi QR kPDJR GR SURMHWR WUDYHVWL 3DUD TXH XPD SHVVRD VHMD WUDYHVWL HOD GHYH SULPHLUR VHU ´YLD-GRµ > @ D VXEMHWLYLGDGH WUDYHVWL QmR p D VXEMHWLYLGDGH GH PXOKHU QHP D VXEMHWLYLGDGH GH KRPHP p D VXEMHWLYLGD-GH VXEMHWLYLGD-GH XP HIHPLQDGR VXEMHWLYLGD-GH VH[R PDVFXOLQR ² XP KRPRVVH-[XDO .8/,&. S

0DV DV WUDYHVWLV QmR VmR VRPHQWH KRPRVVH[XDLV YmR DOpP OHJtWLPD DXWrQWLFD H LQWHJUDOPHQWH KRPRVVH[XDLV RX FRPR SUHIHUH .XOLFN ´SHUIHL-WDPHQWH KRPRVVH[XDLVµ 1D RSLQLmR GHODV PHVPDV DV WUDYHVWLV VmR RV ´~QL-FRV KRPRVVH[XDLV UHDOPHQWH ¶DVVXPLGRV· QR %UDVLOµ .8/,&. S $ SHVTXLVD GH .XOLFN QR HQWDQWR p VREUH DV WUDYHVWLV PDVFXOLQDV TXH VH SURV-WLWXHP H TXH VH DVVXPHP FRPR ´YHUGDGHLURV KRPRVVH[XDLVµ 1D YLVmR WUD-YHVWL DSRQWD .XOLFN RV RXWURV KRPRVVH[XDLV QmR WUDWUD-YHVWLV VHULDP FRYDUGHV pois não assumiriam verdadeiramente sua homossexualidade como elas o ID]HP $VVLP QD YLVmR GDV WUDYHVWLV R YHUGDGHLUR KRPRVVH[XDO p DTXHOH TXH QmR Vy p KRPRVVH[XDO PDV VH DVVXPH SXEOLFDPHQWH FRPR WDO WUDYHVWLQGR VH LQFOXVLYH 2V KRPRVVH[XDLV QmR WUDYHVWLGRV HPERUD WHQKDP D PHVPD LQFOL-QDomR KRPRHUyWLFD GH PXLWDV WUDYHVWLV VH HVFRQGHP VH GLVIDUoDP H ÀQJHP TXH VmR KRPHQV TXDQGR QD YHUGDGH QmR VmR

1RV GHSRLPHQWRV GDV WUDYHVWLV GH 6DOYDGRU WUDQVFULWRV SRU .XOLFN GHV-WDFDP VH RV UHODWRV GH KRPHQV YLULV TXH PDQWHULDP UHODo}HV VH[XDLV FRP HODV SUHIHULQGR VHU LQVHUWDGRV &RPR QR %UDVLO GLIHUHQWHPHQWH GD (XURSD H GRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV FRPR PRVWUD .XOLFN D QRomR GH ¶VHU KRPHP· H RX ¶VHU PXOKHU· HVWi IRUWHPHQWH DVVRFLDGD j JHQLWDOLGDGH H SHQHWUDomR LVWR p ¶VHU homem’ no Brasil é ter pênis e ser somente ativo e ‘ser mulher’ é ter vagina e VHU VRPHQWH SDVVLYD TXDOTXHU SHVVRD TXH LQIULQMD HVVDV ´QRUPDVµ RX UHJUDV FXOWXUDLV HVWDULDP LPHGLDWDPHQWH YLQFXODGDV j KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH .8/,&.

S 1R %UDVLO R KRPHP LQVHUWDGR DVVLP FRPR R HIHPLQDGR p FRQ-siderado gay19 _{WDO TXDO D PXOKHU ´GRPLQDGRUDµ H GH FRPSRUWDPHQWRV YLULV}

1HVWH VHQWLGR p TXH DV WUDYHVWLV VH FRQVLGHUDP KRPRVVH[XDLV PDLV KRQHVWRV porque se assumem como tais o tempo todo e não somente entre quatro SDUHGHV jV HVFRQGLGDV H QD FDODGD GD QRLWH .8/,&. S

6mR HVVDV GHÀQLo}HV GH SDSpLV VH DWLYR RX SDVVLYR TXH DFDEDP SRU GHWHUPLQDU R ´JrQHURµ H D RULHQWDomR VH[XDO HP QRVVD FXOWXUD (P RXWUDV SDODYUDV

D GHÀQLomR GH JrQHUR LPSOLFD HVSRQWDQHDPHQWH D VH-[XDOLGDGH TXHP ID] R TXH H FRP TXHP" $ LGHQWLGDGH

'H DFRUGR FRP .XOLFN VmR IUHTXHQWHV RV FRPHQWiULRV HQWUH DV WUDYHVWLV SURVWLWXWDV GH TXH DOJXQV GH VHXV FOLHQWHV SUHIHUHP VHU SDVVLYRV QDV UHODo}HV VH[XDLV FRP HODV 0XLWRV DLQGD ID]HP TXHVWmR GH TXH HODV WHQKDP JHQLWDLV GH FRPSULPHQWR H FLUFXQIHUrQFLD DFLPD GD PpGLD &RQWHPSRUDQHDPHQWH D GHQRPLQDomR ¶gay· VH UHIHUH WDQWR DR KRPRVVH[XDO PDVFXOLQR TXDQ-WR DR IHPLQLQR 2X VHMD p XVXDO SDUD KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV KRPRHURWLFDPHQWH LQFOLQDGRV -i D denominação ‘lésbica· VH UHIHUH DSHQDV j KRPRVVH[XDO IHPLQLQD

PDVFXOLQD HVWi DVVRFLDGD DR IDWR GH SRVVXLU WRPDU SH-QHWUDU GRPLQDU H VH DÀUPDU VH QHFHVViULR SHOD IRUoD $ LGHQWLGDGH IHPLQLQD DR IDWR GH VHU SRVVXtGD GyFLO SDV-VLYD VXEPLVVD ´1RUPDOLGDGHµ H LGHQWLGDGHV VH[XDLV HV-tão inscritas no contexto da dominação da mulher pelo KRPHP %$',17(5 S

6HJXLQGR HVWH UDFLRFtQLR p TXH D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH VHULD FRQVLGHUD-GD DQRUPDOLFRQVLGHUD-GDGH GRHQoD PHQWDO RX SHUWXUEDomR FRQVLGHUD-GD LGHQWLFRQVLGHUD-GDGH GH JrQH-UR VHJXQGR %DGLQWHU XPD YH] TXH LPSOLFDULD HP GRPLQDomR GH XP KRPHP SRU RXWUR %$',17(5 S $VVLP D PDVFXOLQLGDGH QD YLVmR WUDGLFLR-QDO Vy H[LVWLULD QDTXHOHV KRPHQV TXH GHWLYHVVHP DV VHJXLQWHV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV YLULO H GRPLQDGRU H[WUHPDPHQWH IRUWH H SRVVHVVLYR JHUDOPHQWH DWLYR HP WRGRV RV VHQWLGRV YLROHQWR VH QHFHVViULR H KHWHURVVH[XDO

)DODPRV D SRXFR GDV UHODo}HV HQWUH DV WUDYHVWLV SURVWLWXWDV H VHXV FOLHQWHV +i GH VH HVFODUHFHU QR HQWDQWR TXH QHP WRGD WUDYHVWL VH SURVWLWXL20

H TXH QmR Ki UHODomR GLUHWD HQWUH WUDYHVWLPHQWR H KRPRHURWLVPR LVWR p R WUDYHVWL QmR p QHFHVVDULDPHQWH XP VXMHLWR KRPRHUyWLFR SRGHQGR VHU KRPR KpWHUR EL DVVH[XDO RX TXDOTXHU RXWUD GHQRPLQDomR VLVWHPiWLFD ,QFOXVLYH p MXVWDPHQWH HVVD VLVWHPDWL]DomR FDWHJyULFD TXH WHP SURYRFDGR VHJUHJD-omR GLVFULPLQDVHJUHJD-omR FRQIXV}HV H VXDV FRQVHTXrQFLDV 0DV DÀQDO R TXH FD-racteriza a identidade travesti?!

De acordo com o 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 R WUDQVIRUPLVWD p R LQGLYtGXR TXH VH YHVWH FRP URXSDV GR JrQHUR RSRVWR PRYLGR SRU TXHVW}HV DUWtVWLFDV $VVLP R WUDQVIRUPLVWD p WmR VRPHQWH R performer que se veste com roupas do sexo oposto para apresentar uma performance PDVFXOLQD RX IH-PLQLQD GXUDQWH XP HVSHWiFXOR *HUDOPHQWH VmR DUWLVWDV TXH LQWHUSUHWDP RX LPLWDP SHUVRQDOLGDGHV GR VH[R RSRVWR 2 IDWR GH VH YHVWLU GR VH[R RSRVWR QmR LPSOLFD QHFHVVDULDPHQWH HP LQFOLQDomR KRPRHUyWLFD XPD YH] TXH VHXV LQWXLWRV VmR HVVHQFLDOPHQWH DUWtVWLFR FRPHUFLDLV ,VVR QmR TXHU GL]HU TXH QmR SRVVD H[LVWLU R WUDQVIRUPLVWD KRPRHURWLFDPHQWH LQFOLQDGR H TXH VH VDWLVIDoD sexualmente com tal performance 1D YLVmR GDV SUySULDV WUDYHVWLV FRPR UH-ODWD .XOLFN R TXH DV GLIHUH GRV WUDQVIRUPLVWDV p R IDWR GHVWH ~OWLPR VHU XP KRPHP TXH DSHQDV VH YHVWH FRPR PXOKHU HQTXDQWR HODV VmR KRPHQV TXH YLYHP DV KRUDV GR GLD FRPR PXOKHUHV .8/,&. S

4XDQWR jV drag queens R 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 explica que R WHUPR UHIHUH VH DR ´KRPHP TXH VH YHVWH FRP URXSDV IHPLQLQDV GH IRU-PD VDWtULFD H H[WUDYDJDQWH SDUD R H[HUFtFLR GD SURÀVVmR HP shows e outros HYHQWRVµ &RQIRUPH R Manual XPD drag queen não deixa de ser um tipo GH ´WUDQVIRUPLVWDµ SRLV R XVR GDV URXSDV HVWi OLJDGR D TXHVW}HV DUWtVWLFDV ² D GLIHUHQoD p TXH D SURGXomR QHFHVVDULDPHQWH IRFDOL]D R KXPRU R H[DJHUR 'Dt R IDWR GH HODV VHUHP IRFR GD (VWpWLFD Camp 4XDQWR DRV drag kings R

Manual LQIRUPD TXH p D YHUVmR ´PDVFXOLQDµ GD drag queen LVWR p WUDWD VH

GH XPD PXOKHU TXH VH YHVWH FRP URXSDV PDVFXOLQDV SDUD ÀQV SURÀVVLRQDLV 20 $OpP GD SURVWLWXLomR YiULRV RXWURV HVWLJPDV VmR GDGRV jV WUDYHVWLV WDLV FRPR

KRPRVVH[XDOL-GDGH GURJDV $,'6 HVSDOKDIDWR H[DJHUR H[RWLVPR HVFkQGDOR YLROrQFLD DJUHVVLYLKRPRVVH[XDOL-GDGH HWF 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV

'HVWH PRGR FRQIRUPH H[SOLFD +pOLR 6LOYD HP 7UDYHVWL D LQYHQomR GR

IHPL-nino DV WUDYHVWLV VH GLVWLQJXHP GDV GRV drags HP DOJXQV DVSHFWRV XWLOL]DP

SUyWHVHV GH VLOLFRQH H KRUP{QLRV QD FRQVWLWXLomR GH VHXV FRUSRV JHUDOPHQWH SDVVDP WRGR R GLD WUDQVIRUPDGRV PRQWDGRV RX WUDYHVWLGRV H WDPEpP JHUDO-PHQWH QmR VH H[S}HP GH PDQHLUD FDULFDWD 6,/9$

Já os crossdressers (ou CDs) são os praticantes do crossdressing FRQ-VLGHUDGD XPD IRUPD GH WUDYHVWLVPR 1R VHQWLGR OLWHUDO VLJQLÀFD YHVWLU VH DR FRQWUiULR 2 WHUPR IRL FULDGR SDUD DIDVWDU VH GDV FRQRWDo}HV QHJDWLYDV GD GHQRPLQDomR ¶WUDYHVWL· RX VHMD SDUD HYLWDU DV HVWLJPDWL]Do}HV GHVWH VHJXQ-GR WHUPR GURJDV SURVWLWXLomR KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH YLROrQFLD HVSDOKDIDWR H[DJHUR HWF 2V cross dressers VmR ´SHVVRDV TXH UHJXODU RX RFDVLRQDOPHQWH usam roupas que socialmente são vistas como sendo usadas por pessoas do VH[R RSRVWR *HUDOPHQWH HVWDV SHVVRDV VHQWHP VH EHP FRP R VHX VH[R ELROy-JLFR H QmR TXHUHP PXGi ORµ22 _{A maioria dos crossdressers assume-se como}

KHWHURVVH[XDLV DOJXQV QR Pi[LPR ELVVH[XDLV +i crossdressers PDVFXOLQRV DTXHOHV TXH VH WUDYHVWHP GH PXOKHUHV H crossdressers IHPLQLQRV DTXHOHV TXH VH WUDYHVWHP GH KRPHQV 'H DFRUGR FRP R YRFDEXOiULR /*%7 TXDQGR os crossdressers masculinos não estão “montados” LVWR p YHVWLGRV GH PX-OKHU VmR FKDPDGRV GH ´VDSRVµ 4XDQGR Mi ´PRQWDGRVµ VmR FKDPDGRV GH ´SULQFHVDVµ

&RQWXGR D PDLRU FRQIXVmR RFRUUH PHVPR QR HPSUHJR GRV WHUPRV ´WUDYHVWLVPRµ H ´WUDQVH[XDOLVPRµ 'H DFRUGR FRP R Manual de

Comunica-omR /*%7 GLIHUHQWHPHQWH GDV WUDQVH[XDLV DV WUDYHVWLV QmR GHVHMDP UHDOL]DU D

cirurgia de redesignação sexual (mudança de órgão genital) PDV PXLWDV WUDYHVWLV PRGLÀFDP VHXV FRUSRV SRU PHLR GH KRUPRQLRWHUDSLDV DSOLFDo}HV GH VLOLFRQH H RX FLUXUJLDV SOiVWLFDV HPERUD LVVR QmR VHMD UHJUD SDUD WRGDV 4XDQWR jV WUDQVH[XDLV R PHVPR Manual DÀUPD TXH VmR SHVVRDV TXH SRV-VXHP XPD LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR GLIHUHQWH GR VH[R GHVLJQDGR QR QDVFLPHQ-WR H TXH KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV WUDQVH[XDLV SRGHP PDQLIHVWDU R GHVHMR GH VH VXEPHWHUHP D LQWHUYHQo}HV PpGLFR FLU~UJLFDV SDUD UHDOL]DUHP D DGHTXD-omR GRV VHXV DWULEXWRV ItVLFRV GH QDVFHQoD LQFOXVLYH JHQLWDLV D VXD LGHQWLGD-GH LGHQWLGD-GH JrQHUR FRQVWLWXtGD 'LIHUHQWHPHQWH GR TXH VH LPDJLQD D FLUXUJLD LGHQWLGD-GH UHGHVLJQDomR VH[XDO QmR FRUWD yUJmR DOJXP PDV R WUDQVIRUPD 2 SrQLV p LP-EXWLGR WUDQVIRUPDQGR VH QXPD YDJLQD e FRPXP RXYLU GDV WUDQVH[XDLV TXH elas nasceram num corpo errado Mi TXH PHQWH H FRUSR QmR VmR FRQVRQDQ-WHV (QWUH DV WUDYHVWLV Ki D FUHQoD GH TXH D FLUXUJLD GH UHGHVLJQDomR VH[XDO SURPRYHULD D SHUGD GD OLELGR GR SUD]HU VH[XDO GDt R IDWR GHODV UHFXVDUHP D FLUXUJLD $OpP GLVVR SDUD DTXHODV WUDYHVWLV TXH VH SURVWLWXHP PXLWRV FOLHQWHV 22 *ORVViULR /*%7 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ UHD SW JORVVDULR KWPO $FHVVR HP IHY

Montagem e desmontagem VmR WHUPRV WpFQLFRV PXLWR XWLOL]DGRV HQWUH DV WUDYHVWLV drag queens e drag kings WUDQVIRUPLVWDV crossdressers HQWUH RXWURV SDUD UHIHULU VH DR DWR GH YHVWLU VH H SDUD-PHQWDU VH FRP URXSDV H DFHVVyULRV WtSLFRV GR VH[R RSRVWR

'H DFRUGR FRP %HUHQLFH %HQWR D FLUXUJLD GH WUDQVJHQLWDOL]DomR p WDPEpP FRQKHFLGD FRPR PXGDQoD GH VH[R UHGHVLJQDomR VH[XDO UHDGHTXDomR VH[XDO H FLUXUJLD FRUUHWLYD H ID] SDUWH GR SURFHVVR WUDQVH[XDOL]DGRU TXH SRVVLELOLWD DRV VXMHLWRV WUDQVH[XDLV D SDVVDJHP GR JrQH-UR DWULEXtGR SDUD R LGHQWLÀFDGRU

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

Vy DV SURFXUDP SHOR IDWR GH HODV SRVVXtUHP JHQLWiOLD PDVFXOLQD HP XP FRUSR FRP FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV IHPLQLQDV ´0XOKHUHVµ IiOLFDV SRUWDQWR

4XDQWR DR IHQ{PHQR GR WUDQVH[XDOLVPR QRV DQRV p TXH R WHU-mo ‘transexualidade’ é incluído entre os distúrbios de identidade de gênero H VHX DGMHWLYR WUDQVH[XDO SRGH VHU XWLOL]DGR WDQWR SDUD KRPHQV TXDQWR SDUD DV PXOKHUHV TXH SRVVXHP XP FRUSR XP QRPH H XPD VLWXDomR VRFLDO QmR FRQGL]HQWHV FRP R VHX HVWDGR SVtTXLFR HPRFLRQDO DÀQDO VHX VH[R JHQLWDO ELROyJLFR DQDW{PLFR p FRQWUiULR DR VHX DXWRUUHFRQKHFLPHQWR GH JrQHUR &RP UHODomR D HVVDV GLVWLQo}HV HP XP PLQXFLRVR HVWXGR HWQRJUiÀFR DQWUR-SROyJLFR VREUH DV WUDYHVWLV H WUDQVH[XDLV GR 5LR *UDQGH GR 6XO LQWLWXODGR Toda

Feita: o corpo e o gênero das travestis p 0DUFRV 5HQDWR %HQHGHWWL TXHP

HVFODUHFH

RV SULQFLSDLV IDWRUHV GH GLIHUHQFLDomR HQWUH XPD ÀJXUD H RXWUD VH HQFRQWUDP QR FRUSR VXDV IRUPDV H VHXV XVRV EHP FRPR QDV SUiWLFDV H UHODo}HV VRFLDLV > @ 7UDYHVWLV VmR DTXHODV TXH SURPRYHP PRGLÀFDo}HV QDV IRUPDV GR seu corpo visando a deixá-lo o mais parecido possível com o das mulheres; vestem-se e vivem cotidianamen-WH FRPR SHVVRDV SHUcotidianamen-WHQFHQcotidianamen-WHV DR JrQHUR IHPLQLQR VHP QR HQWDQWR GHVHMDU H[SOLFLWDPHQWH UHFRUUHU j FLUXUJLD GH transgenitalização para retirar o pênis e construir uma va-JLQD (P FRQWUDVWH D SULQFLSDO FDUDFWHUtVWLFD TXH GHÀQH as transexuais nesse meio é a reivindicação da cirurgia de mudança de sexo como condição sine qua non da VXD WUDQVIRUPDomR VHP D TXDO SHUPDQHFHULDP HP VR-IULPHQWR H GHVDMXVWH VXEMHWLYR H VRFLDO %(1('(77, S

%HQHGHWWL HP VXD HWQRJUDÀD VREUH ´DV SUiWLFDV VRFLDLV GH FRQVWUXomR GR JrQHUR REVHUYDGDV QXP FDVR UDGLFDO GH WUDQVIRUPDomR FRUSRUDO H VRFLDO DV WUDYHVWLV TXH VH SURVWLWXHP HP 3RUWR $OHJUHµ GXUDQWH R SHUtRGR GH D HVFODUHFH TXH GH TXDOTXHU IRUPD R WUDYHVWL QmR WHP LQWHUHVVH HP PXGDU VHX VH[R DFHLWDQGR EHP VHXV JHQLWDLV GLIHUHQWHPHQWH GRV WUDQVH-[XDLV TXH QmR DFHLWDP VHX VH[R VXD LGHQWLGDGH VHX QRPH VXD FRQGLomR 6HJXQGR HOH DV WUDYHVWLV VH VHQWHP H VH H[SUHVVDP SXEOLFDPHQWH GH IRUPD IHPLQLQD PDV VHP DEULU PmR GH DOJXQV DWULEXWRV PDVFXOLQRV HP DOJXPDV UH-ODo}HV TXH HVWDEHOHFH FRP D VRFLHGDGH

$OJXQV HVWXGRV PDLV UDGLFDLV FRPR $OPHLGD H 6LOYD

apontam que as transexuais acreditam que suas almas ou personalidades habitam em corpos errados porque possuem sexo biológico/anatômico não FRQGL]HQWH FRP VXD RULHQWDomR VH[XDO TXH GHVHMDP SDUFHLURV

KHWHURVVH[X-2 WUDQVH[XDOLVPR DLQGD p FODVVLÀFDGR FRPR SDWRORJLD GHVGH 6HJXQGR R &yGLJR ,QWHU-QDFLRQDO GH 'RHQoDV &,' WUDWD VH GH XPD ´GLVIRULD GH JrQHURµ TXH VH FDUDFWHUL]D SRU XPD LQFRQJUXrQFLD HQWUH R VH[R JHQLWDO H R JrQHUR ,VVR OHYDULD R LQGLYtGXR WUDQVH[XDO D EXVFDU LQFHV-VDQWHPHQWH D DGHTXDomR GHVVDV FDWHJRULDV SRU PHLR GH RSHUDomR GD JHQLWiOLD 7DQWR R '60 ,9 TXDQWR D &,' FODVVLÀFDP R WUDYHVWLVPR H R WUDQVH[XDOLVPR FRPR WUDQVWRUQRV GH LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR (VVD SDWRORJL]DomR GDV FDWHJRULDV WUDQVH[XDO H WUDYHVWL p GLVFXWLGD SRU -RUJH /HLWH Júnior em sua tese de doutorado ‘1RVVRV FRUSRV WDPEpP PXGDP· VH[R JrQHUR H D LQYHQomR

DLV UHMHLWDP D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH H GXUDQWH RV DWRV VH[XDLV FRPSRUWDP VH GD PDQHLUD FRPR VH VHQWHP DSHQDV KRPHQV RX PXOKHUHV QmR FRVWXPDP olhar nem mesmo tocar os próprios genitais; não sentem atração pelo mes-PR VH[R QmR FRQYLYHP HP JXHWRV DOpP GH GHVHMDUHP D FLUXUJLD WUDQVJr-QHUR DGYLQGR GH ¶WUDQVIRUPDomR GH JrWUDQVJr-QHUR· 3RU RXWUR ODGR RV PHVPRV HVWXGRV DÀUPDP TXH DV WUDYHVWLV WrP FRPSRUWDPHQWRV ELVVH[XDLV H KRPRVVH-[XDLV XVDP DGHUHoRV IHPLQLQRV SDUD WUDEDOKDU QD SURVWLWXLomR JHUDOPHQWH VHQWHP DWUDomR SHOR PHVPR VH[R DVVXPHP SDSpLV PDVFXOLQRV H IHPLQLQRV GXUDQWH R DWR VH[XDO YLYHP HP JXHWRV RQGH VmR DFHLWRV FRP PDLV IDFLOLGD-GH H QmR IDFLOLGD-GHVHMDP IDFLOLGD-GH IRUPD DOJXPD VXEPHWHU j FLUXUJLD IDFLOLGD-GH UHIDFLOLGD-GHVLJQDomR VH[XDO

$OpP GH %HQHGHWWL RXWURV HVWXGRV FRPR RV GH &RXWR GH 2OLYHLUD H .XOLFN DÀUPDP TXH D FDUDFWHUtVWLFD PDLV FRPXPHQWH DVVRFLDGD j WUDQVH[XDO p D GD FLUXUJLD GH DGHTXDomR VH[XDO FRPR FRQGL-omR SULPRUGLDO SDUD VXD WUDQVIRUPDFRQGL-omR 1HP WRGRV RV HVWXGRV FRQFRUGDP FRP HVVD YLVmR 3DUD HVWXGRV PDLV UHFHQWHV D FLUXUJLD GH UHGHVLJQDomR VH[X-al não é condição imprescindível para a transexuVH[X-alidade; é apenas a parte ÀQDO GH XP ORQJR SURFHVVR GH WUDQVIRUPDomR GH JrQHUR 3RU HVWH PRWLYR FRQVLGHUD VH TXH R VXMHLWR WUDQVH[XDO QDVoD WUDQVH[XDO QHFHVVLWDQGR DSHQDV da cirurgia de readequação genital para harmonizar sua identidade sexual

ItVLFD j VXD LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR SVtTXLFD 3RU HVVH PRWLYR RV LQGLYtGXRV WUDQVH[XDLV TXH DLQGD QmR UHDOL]DUDP D UHIHULGD FLUXUJLD FRUUHWLYD VmR FRQVL-GHUDGRV WUDQVH[XDLV SUp RSHUDGRV

&RQWXGR R TXH SDUHFH VHU XQkQLPH QRV HVWXGRV VREUH WUDYHVWLYLVPR p D TXHVWmR GDV VXEMHWLYLGDGHV 'RV HVWXGRV LQYHVWLJDGRV WRGRV FRQFRUGDP QXPD WHQWDWLYD GH GHÀQLomR GDV WUDYHVWLV H WUDQVH[XDLV D SDUWLU GD DQiOLVH GH VXDV VXEMHWLYLGDGHV 0DV DÀQDO TXH VXEMHWLYLGDGHV FRPSRULDP D LGHQWLGDGH WUDYHVWL" 1R VLVWHPD ELQiULR GH JrQHUR FRPR DV WUDYHVWLV SRGHULDP VH HQ-FDL[DU VH QmR VmR QHP XPD FRLVD QHP RXWUD" )DULDP SDUWH HQWmR GH XP

terceiro sexo FRPR PXLWRV Mi SURSXVHUDP"

'RQ .XOLFN H[SOLFD TXH R FDEHOR PDUFD SDWHQWH GH IHPLQLOLGDGH p PXLWDV YH]HV QDV EULJDV HQWUH DV WUDYHVWLV FRUWDGR D WHVRXUDGDV LUUHJXODUHV $ WUDYHVWL VHP R FDEHOR ÀFD GHVSRMDGD GH IHPLQLOLGDGH H SRUWDQWR KXPLOKDGD GLDQWH GH RXWUDV SRLV VHX ODGR PDVFXOLQR WmR QHJDGR H HVFRQGLGR p ´YHU-JRQKRVDPHQWHµ H[SRVWR &RPR FRORFD .XOLFN ´SULYDGD GR DUWLItFLR FDEHOR YHVWLGR HOD p WHUPLQDQWHPHQWH XP KRPHPµ HQWmR ´XPDV SRXFDV WHVRX-UDGDV EHP GHVIHULGDV VmR R VXÀFLHQWH SDUD FRQYHUWHU XPD WUDYHVWL GH EHOD PXOKHU HP DQGUyJLQR IHLRVRµ .8/,&. S 0DV SRU TXH DQGUyJL-QR" 2UD R DQGUyJLQR p DTXHOH TXH QHP p WRWDOPHQWH PDVFXOLQR QHP FRP-SOHWDPHQWH IHPLQLQR $VVLP WUDYHVWLV VHULDP VHUHV DQGUyJLQRV" 3HUWHQFHULDP HQWmR DR WDO terceiro gênero" +DYHULD XP JrQHUR WUDYHVWL" .XOLFN GLVFRUGD GHVVD WULSDUWLomR GH JrQHURV ´DV WUDYHVWLV GH IDWR QmR VH FRQVLGHUDP KR-PHQV QHP PXOKHUHV H UHIHUHP VH XVXDOPHQWH D VL PHVPDV FRPR ¶ELFKDV· H ¶YLDGRV· 1R HQWDQWR HX QXQFD RXYL GXUDQWH WRGD D SHVTXLVD TXDOTXHU VXJHVWmR YLQGD GHODV GH TXH SXGHVVHP IRUPDU XP WHUFHLUR JrQHUR RX XP WHUFHLUR VH[Rµ .8/,&. S

E discorda também de vários estudos sobre as travestis quando estes as DQDOLVDP SHOR YLpV GD DPELJXLGDGH $UQDOGR -DERU H +pOLR 6LOYD RX GD GLIHUHQoD 1HX]D 0DULD GH 2OLYHLUD .XOLFN UHQHJD DV LGHLDV GH TXH DV WUDYHVWLV DVSLUDULDP D VHU PXOKHUHV GH TXH VHULDP VHUHV LQFODVVLÀFiYHLV H GH TXH VHULDP ´DQGUyJLQRV SyV PRGHUQRVµ RX HP VXDV SDODYUDV

assim como as travestis não estão lutando para conquis-tar a condição de mulher (womanhood HP LQJOrV HODV WDPEpP QmR UHMHLWDP D LGHQWLGDGH H WDPEpP QmR GH-VHMDP D DPELJXLGDGH 6XD OXWD ² H HODV GHL[DP LVVR FODUR SDUD TXHP TXLVHU RXYLU ² p SHOD KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH (ODV DOPHMDP LQFRUSRUDU D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH ( GHVHMDP ID-]HU LVVR GD PDQHLUD PDLV FRPSOHWD PDLV SHUIHLWD H PDLV EHOD SRVVtYHO $R SDVVR TXH RXWURV LQGLYtGXRV GR VH[R PDVFXOLQR GHQHJDP H GLVIDUoDP R GHVHMR SHOR PHVPR VH[R DV WUDYHVWLV DEUDoDP HVWH GHVHMR H VH GHOLFLDP FRP HOH $ YLGD GHODV p DQFRUDGD QHVVH GHVHMR 2 FRUSR GH-ODV p IDEULFDGR HP IXQomR GHVVH GHVHMR .8/,&. S

7RGDYLD FRPR QRV LQWHUHVVD DTXL IDUHPRV XVR GHVVD QRomR GH GX-ELHGDGH LPSUHVVD QR XQLYHUVR WUDYHVWL H FRQFRUGDUHPRV FRP -DERU H 6LOYD DÀQDO FRPR VDOLHQWDPRV HP QRVVD LQWURGXomR HVWH WUDEDOKR YLVD D GHIHVD GR DUJXPHQWR GH DPELJXLGDGH GR QR FRUSR H GD QD HVFULWD GDt R IDWR GH XWLOL]DUPRV SURSRVLWDGDPHQWH D RVFLODomR GH JrQHUR YDFLODQGR HQWUH R PDVFXOLQR H R IHPLQLQR HPSUHJDQGR DV GXDV FRQFRUGkQFLDV 3DUD WDQWR GHVHQYROYHUHPRV D QRomR GH DQGURJLQLD

A androginia p D PLVWXUD GH FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV PDVFXOLQDV H IHPLQLQDV num PHVPR VHU RX VHMD DTXHOH TXH QmR p QHP PDVFXOLQR QHP IHPLQLQR FRPSOHWDPHQWH 'H DFRUGR FRP R 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 D DQ-droginia é o termo genérico usado para descrever qualquer indivíduo que DVVXPD SRVWXUD VRFLDO HVSHFLDOPHQWH D UHODFLRQDGD j YHVWLPHQWD FRPXP a ambos os gêneros $VVLP FRQFHEHUHPRV R D WUDYHVWL DLQGD TXH PHWD-IRULFDPHQWH D SDUWLU GH DJRUD FRPR XP VHU DQGUyJLQR Mi TXH D WUDYHVWL GLÀFLOPHQWH p YLVWD RX FRPSUHHQGLGD DSHQDV FRPR PXOKHU RX DSHQDV FRPR KRPHP 3DUD D SVLFRORJLD D DQGURJLQLD p XPD GLVIRULD GH JrQHUR UDUD PDV DLQGD QmR FRQVWD GD &,' &ODVVLÀFDomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH 'RHQoDV 3RU VHX FDUiWHU KtEULGR RV DQGUyJLQRV SRVVXHP FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV ItVLFDV H FRPSRUWD-PHQWDLV GH DPERV RV VH[RV 3RU HVVH PRWLYR ÀFD GLItFLO GHÀQLU R JrQHUR GH XP DQGUyJLQR DSHQDV SRU VXD DSDUrQFLD 3DUD UHVVDOWDU D GXDOLGDGH RV DQGUyJL-QRV JHUDOPHQWH VH RUQDP H VH YHVWHP FRP DGHUHoRV H URXSDV GH DPERV RV VH[RV (QWUHWDQWR VHJXQGR RV HVWXGRV PpGLFRV H SVLFROyJLFRV D DQGURJLQLD QmR WHP UHODomR FRP D ´RULHQWDomR VH[XDOµ LVWR p SRGH KDYHU DQGUyJLQRV KHWHURVVH[XDLV KRPRVVH[XDLV ELVVH[XDLV DVVH[XDLV HWF (VWH FDUiWHU GXDO GR DQGURJLQLVPR p UHIRUoDGR WDPEpP SRU %DGLQWHU TXH DÀUPD TXH ´PDFKRV H IrPHDV Vy VH WRUQDP SOHQDPHQWH KXPDQRV QR DQGURJLQDWR TXH Vy SRGH VHU

6HJXQGR VXD HWLPRORJLD JUHJD DQpU DQGUyV = “homem” e gyné-gynaicos ´PXOKHUµ

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

GXSOR µ %$',17(5 S 6HJXQGR %DGLQWHU R DQGUyJLQR p GXSOR p XPD PLVWXUD GH KRPHP H PXOKHU PDV VHJXQGR HOD LVVR QmR VLJQLÀFD TXH R DQGUyJLQR VHMD XP VHU GRWDGR GRV GRLV VH[RV

0DV R TXH QRV LQWHUHVVD p D QRomR GH DPELJXLGDGH GH GXELHGDGH SUHVHQWH HP DOJXQV FRQFHLWRV $ SUySULD QRomR GH JrQHUR WDPEpP HVWi SDXWDGD QR GXDOLVPR RX VH p XP RX VH p RXWUR %DVWD OHPEUDUPR QRV GRV ELQDULVPRV FXOWXUDLV PDVFXOLQR IHPLQLQR KRPHP PXOKHU PDFKR IrPHD 2X VHMD QmR Ki PHLR WHUPR RX VH p DOJR RX R FRQWUiULR $ WHRULD queer e a estética camp GR TXDO IDODUHPRV DGLDQWH YrP SDUD TXHVWLRQDU HVVDV IURQ-WHLUDV GD VH[XDOLGDGH +DYHUi PHVPR PDUJHQV QR TXH WDQJH DR JrQHUR" &RQIRUPH DSRQWDPRV R IHWLFKLVPR WUDQVYpVWLFR PDVFXOLQR RX IHPLQLQR QmR LPSOLFD QR IDWR GH R VXMHLWR WUDYHVWLGR VHU RX QmR gay29 _{,VWR p FRPR}

GLVVH-PRV D FKDPDGD ´RULHQWDomR VH[XDOµ QmR WHP XPD UHODomR GLUHWD FRP R WUDYHVWLVPR GH PRGR TXH p LQFRUUHWR DVVRFLDU JHQHULFDPHQWH R WUDYHVWLVPR j KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH 2 TXH VH GHYH OHYDU HP FRQVLGHUDomR VmR RV PRWLYRV TXH OHYDP R VXMHLWR D VH WUDYHVWLU RX TXH GHVHMRV HP WRGDV DV DFHSo}HV GR WHUPR D SHVVRD SUHWHQGH VDWLVID]HU ,VVR SRUTXH QmR VH SRGH DÀUPDU JHQHUL-camente que os indivíduos travestidos e outros transgêneros se ornamentam RX VH YHVWHP FRP URXSDV GR VH[R RSRVWR DSHQDV SRU TXHVW}HV VH[XDLV $À-QDO R WUDYHVWLPHQWR SRGH VHU RFDVLR$À-QDO FRPR QR FDVR GRV KRPHQV TXH VH IDQWDVLDP GH PXOKHUHV QR FDUQDYDO 1mR GHL[DP GH VHU HVWDU LQGLYtGXRV WUD-YHVWLGRV SRUpP QmR VH FRPSRUWDP GHVVD PDQHLUD SRU HVWLPXODomR VH[XDO &RPR SRSXODUPHQWH VH DÀUPD WRGR VHU KXPDQR GHYH GHVFREULU ´seu outro

lado” ou “o homem/a mulher que habita em siµ

'HVWH PRGR R WUDYHVWLVPR p XPD TXHVWmR GH JrQHUR QmR GH VH[R &RQIRUPH HVFODUHFH %HQHGHWWL R VH[R VH UHIHUH DR QtYHO It-VLFR JrQHUR SRU VXD YH] p GHQRPLQDomR FRQFHUQHQWH DR QtYHO VLPEy-OLFR 1HVWH FDVR D YLULOLGDGH SRU H[HPSOR p XP DWULEXWR GH JrQHUR QmR GH VH[R 6HJXQGR -RKQ + *DJQRQ R GHVHMR p SHOR JrQHUR GH XPD SHV-VRD LVWR p R FRPSOH[R VRFLDOPHQWH FRQVWUXtGR GH PDVFXlinidade ou IHPLQLOLGDGH H QmR SRU VHX VH[R ELROyJLFR ( p MXVWDPHQWH R IDWR GH R GHVHMR VHU XP FRQVWUXWR VRFLRFXOWXUDO H QmR XP SURGXWR PHUDPHQWH ELROy-JLFR TXH H[SOLFD D DWUDomR DIHWLYD RX VH[XDO SHOR JrQHUR GDV SHVVRDV H QmR SHOR VHX VH[R *$*121 S $VVLP H[SUHVV}HV FRPR ¶RULHQWDomR

sexual· ´RSomR VH[XDO” e ‘preferência sexual’ só corroboram com a

incom-SUHHQVmR GR KRPRHURWLVPR QD PHGLGD HP TXH QmR VH p RULHQWDGR H QmR VH HVFROKH XPD VH[XDOLGDGH VHMD HOD TXDO IRU $LQGD TXH D FLrQFLD QmR WHQKD FRPSURYDGR D RULJHP RX DV UD]}HV SDUD D KRPRDIHWLYLGDGH VDEH VH DR PHQRV TXH R GHVHMR p LQDWR DR VHU KXPDQR &RPR EHP FRORFD R Manual

GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 JrQHUR p XP FRQFHLWR IRUPXODGR QRV DQRV FRP SURIXQGD LQÁXrQFLD GR PRYLPHQWR IHPLQLVWD H IRL FULDGR SDUD GLVWLQJXLU D GL-PHQVmR ELROyJLFD GD GLGL-PHQVmR VRFLDO EDVHDQGR VH QR UDFLRFtQLR GH TXH Ki PDFKRV H IrPHDV QD HVSpFLH KXPDQD 1R HQWDQWR H[SOLFD R Manual D Novamente utilizamos aqui a concepção contemporânea de gay LVWR p FRPR KRPRVVH[XDO

PDVFXOLQR H RX IHPLQLQR

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQX-DOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

PDQHLUD GH VHU KRPHP H GH VHU PXOKHU p UHDOL]DGD SHOD FXOWXUD -XGLWK %XWOHU umas das teorizadoras da Teoria Queer UHVVDOYD

6H R FDUiWHU LPXWiYHO GR VH[R p FRQWHVWDGR WDOYH] HVVD FRQVWUXomR FKDPDGD VH[R VHMD WDPEpP FRQVWUXtGD FXO-WXUDOPHQWH DVVLP FRPR R JrQHUR 7DOYH] TXHP VDEH R VH[R WHQKD VLGR VHPSUH JrQHUR H HP FRQVHTXrQFLD D GLVWLQomR HQWUH VH[R H JrQHUR VHMD LQH[LVWHQWH %87/(5

S

'HVWD IRUPD SDUD D WHyULFD VH[R QmR GHWHUPLQD R JrQHUR 6mR DP-ERV SURGXWRV FXOWXUDLV 3RUWDQWR HQTXDQWR R VH[R ELROyJLFR p R ´FRQMXQWR GH LQIRUPDo}HV FURPRVV{PLFDV yUJmRV JHQLWDLV FDSDFLGDGHV UHSURGXWLYDV H FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV ÀVLROyJLFDV VHFXQGiULDV TXH GLVWLQJXHP PDFKRV H IrPHDVµ JrQHUR ´VLJQLÀFD TXH KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV VmR SURGXWRV GD UHDOLGDGH VRFLDO H QmR GHFRUUrQFLD GD DQDWRPLD GH VHXV FRUSRV µ 2 JrQHUR p FDPELiYHO PXWiYHO R VH[R p ELROyJLFR ÀVLROyJLFR H D LGHQWLGDGH DVVLP FRPR R JrQHUR p WUDQVLWiYHO LVWR p HVWi FRQVWDQWHPHQWH HP WUkQVLWR

1HVWH VHQWLGR GHVHMR H HVFULWD SRGHP VHU FRUUHODFLRQDGRV QD PHGLGD HP TXH JrQHUR H OLQJXDJHP EHP FRPR FRUSR KXPDQR FRUSR GR KRPHP H FRUSR HVFULWR FRUSR GD HVFULWD SRVVXHP HQWUH VL SURIXQGDV DQDORJLDV 6H[R p DOJR GDGR LPSRVWR SHOD QDWXUH]D 2 JrQHUR SRU VXD YH] SRGH VHU WUDQVIRUPDGR D TXDOTXHU PRPHQWR $ H[SHULrQFLD transgender SRU H[HP-SOR UDWLÀFD HVWH FDUiWHU DUWLÀFLDO H IDEULFDGR GR JrQHUR $VVLP WDPEpP RFRU-UH FRP D OLQJXDJHP

O desejo e a escrita

2 H[HUFtFLR GD HVFULWD D HVFULWXUD QDVFLGR GD VXEMHWLYLGDGH GR HV-FULWRU GR GHVHMR GH HVFULWXUDOLGDGH SHUPLWH TXH R GHVHMR SHOR SDUFHLUR GR PHVPR VH[R DVVXPD FRUSR QR WH[WR &RPR HVWDPRV WRPDQGR D QDUUDWLYD FRPR FRUSR HVFULWR VmR DV UHODo}HV yEYLDV H IHFXQGDV HQWUH FRUSR H GHVHMR TXH QRV SHUPLWLUmR DTXL HVWDEHOHFHU XPD DQDORJLD HQWUH GHVHMR H HVFULWD 2 corpo no qual se deixa inscrever qualquer coisa em si é também o corpo da QDUUDWLYD 2 FRUSR WUDYHVWLGR WUD] HP VXD VXSHUItFLH R TXH PDLV FDUDFWHUL]D R FRUSR KRPRHUyWLFR R VHX GHVHMR 'HVHMR SHOR VHPHOKDQWH SHOR PHVPR VH[R

6HJXLUHPRV DTXL D FRQFHSomR ODFDQLDQD GH GHVHMR RX VHMD R GHVH-MR HQTXDQWR LPSXOVR DWUDomR HQTXDQWR QHFHVVLGDGH GH VDWLVIDomR DIHWLYD H RX VH[XDO 2 GHVHMR QD FRQRWDomR VH[XDO QDGD PDLV p TXH R LPSXOVR HUy-WLFR TXH PRWLYD QRVVD DWHQomR HPSHQKR H FRELoD WDPEpP GHVHMR SHOR RXWUR ( R HUyWLFR FRPR VXJHUHP 5RODQG %DUWKHV H 2FWDYLR 3D] p R PRV-WUDU VH HVFRQGHQGR FRPR ID] D HVFULWD 1R HQWDQWR DIDVWDGD D FRQRWDomR HUyWLFD GHVHMR WDPEpP SUHVVXS}H YRQWDGH TXHUrQFLD DPELomR SURSyVLWR

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQX-DOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

'HVHMDU p DSHWHFHU GHVHMDU DUGHQWHPHQWH p DOPHMDU FRELoDU 1HVWH VHQWLGR WDPEpP IDUHPRV XVR GHVVDV FRQRWDo}HV GH GHVHMR XPD YH] TXH SUHWHQGH-PRV GLVFRUUHU QmR VRPHQWH VREUH R GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR PDV SULQFLSDOPHQWH VREUH R GHVHMR GR HVFULWRU GH WUDYHVWLU VXD YLGD HP HVFULWD

Tanto o corpo biológico quanto o corpo escrito podem ser “lidos” FRPR ItVLFRV GHVHMDGRV H WH[WXDLV FDUUHJDGRV GH VLJQLÀFDQWHV VXEMHWLYLGD-GHV H VLJQRV GH VXSHUItFLH DPERV VmR PDQLSXOiYHLV DOYRV GD VXEMHWLYLGD-GHV PRQWDJHP GH VHXV DGPLUDGRUHV 7UDYHVWL H 7H[WR VmR FRUSyUHRV GHVHMiYHLV H DOWHUiYHLV D TXDOTXHU WHPSR H HVSDoR VHPSUH SDVVtYHLV GR GHVHMR H GD HVFULWXUDOLGDGH 1HVWH VHQWLGR FRUSR ELROyJLFR H FRUSR HVFULWR HQJHQGUDP XP GHVHMR GD HV-FULWD H XPD HVHV-FULWD GR GHVHMR )UXWR GD PRGHUQLGDGH D UHODomR HQWUH GHVHMR H HVFULWXUD FRUSR H OLQJXDJHP VH H[SOLFLWD QD WHVVLWXUD QR FRUSR GD QDUUDWL-YD 7RGR HVFULWRU JXDUGD XP SDWHQWH GHVHMR R GH FULDomR GH VXD HVFULWXUD OLWHUDWXUD DÀQDO Ki QD OLWHUDWXUD XP FRQVWDQWH GHVHMR R GHVHMR GD HVFULWXUD

'H DFRUGR FRP %UXQR 0RUHWR P~OWLSORV GHVHMRV SRGHP VHU DWL-YDGRV QD REUD OLWHUiULD QR PRPHQWR GH VXD OHLWXUD R GHVHMR FRPR RUJDQL]D-GRU WH[WXDO R GHVHMR GR QDUUDRUJDQL]D-GRU R GHVHMR GDV SHUVRQDJHQV H R GHVHMR GR OHLWRU ´2 DWR GH OHLWXUD DWLYD R SURFHVVR GHVHMDQWH DVVLP VHQGR D LQWHUSUH-WDomR GHVYHODULD R GHVHMR DWXDQWH FRQWLGR QR WH[WR EHP FRPR R GHVHMR GR OHLWRU GHVVD IRUPD R WH[WR FDUHFH GR OHLWRU SDUD SRGHU GHVHMDU 6y DVVLP D ÀFomR VH HVWDEHOHFH SRU FRPSOHWR µ 025(72 S (P O prazer do

texto %DUWKHV DÀUPD TXH D escritura p D SURYD GH TXH R WH[WR GHVHMD R OHLWRU

&RQIRUPH 0RUHWR HVFULWXUD H OHLWXUD VmR GRLV SURFHVVRV HP TXH R GHVHMR VH LPS}H 3DUD IXQGDPHQWDU VHX UDFLRFtQLR FLWD &OHXVD 5LRV 3LQKHLUR 3DVVRV TXH DÀUPD

7DO GHVHMR SURYiYHO PiVFDUD GH RXWURV ² LQFRQVFLHQWHV ² HQFRQWURX QR WH[WR OLWHUiULR ´HVSDoR GH LOXVmRµ IUXWR GH GRLV PRPHQWRV EiVLFRV VHPSUH OLJDGRV QD REUD QHP VHPSUH SRUpP GHOLQHDGRV FRP SUHFLVmR R GD HVFULWXUD WHFLGR TXH VH ID] H HQJHQGUD VLJQLÀFDo}HV H R GD OHLWX-UD HFR HVSHOKR ² VXSHUItFLHV OLVDV ² PDV WDPEpP FDL[D GH UHVVRQkQFLD HVSDoR GH VRQV TXH VH FUX]DP H UHVVDO-WDP GHVHMRV 3$6626 apud 025(72 S

*LOOHV 'HOHX]H FRVWXPDYD GL]HU TXH R GHVHMR p XP DWR UHYROXFLRQiULR &RQVLGHUDQGR D KHWHURQRUPDWLYLGDGH XQLYHUVDO QDGD PDLV UHYROXFLRQiULR H WUDQVJUHVVRU TXH R GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR $TXL HQWUH RXWUDV PDQLIHVWDo}HV GH GHVHMR IRFDUHPRV QR GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR LVWR p QR GHVHMR HVWDEHOHFLGR QDV UHODo}HV HQWUH LJXDLV 'HVHMDQGR H[SOLFDU R GHVHMR KRPRHUyWLFR H WHQWDQGR GHVFRQVWUXLU DV QRo}HV GH ´RULHQWDomR VH[XDOµ H ´SUHIHUrQFLD VH[XDOµ -RKQ + *DJQRQ DUJXPHQWD TXH DOpP GH GHVHMDUPRV R JrQHUR GDV SHVVRDV H QmR VHX VH[R HVVH GHVHMR p VRFLDOPHQWH FRQVWUXtGR H QmR ELRORJLFDPHQWH LPSXOVLRQDGR DVVLP FRPR ´SUHIHULPRVµ R RXWUR H QmR VRPRV RULHQWDGRV SDUD R RXWUR (VVD SUHIHUrQFLD VHJXQGR *DJQRQ p LQVWiYHO H PXWiYHO DR ORQJR GD YLGD H WDO LQVWDELOLGDGH WDQWR SRGH VHU LQWHUQD R TXH GHVHMDPRV QD RXWUD SHVVRD PXGD TXDQWR H[WHUQD SRGHPRV YLU D GHVHMDU SHVVRDV GR RXWUR Jr-QHUR DVVLP FRPR SHVVRDV GR PHVPR JrJr-QHUR ( DLQGD QHP WRGDV DV

SUHIH-UrQFLDV VH[XDLV VmR SUHIHSUHIH-UrQFLDV UHODFLRQDGDV DR JrQHUR LVWR p SRGHPRV WHU SUHIHUrQFLDV UDFLDLV WpFQLFDV HWF *$*121 S

7RPDQGR FRPR EDVH RV UDFLRFtQLRV GH *DJQRQ H RV HVWXGRV GH &RVWD H /DFDQ SDUD TXHP R GHVHMR GR KRPHP p R GHVHMR GR 2XWUR DSRQWDUHPRV DTXL WUrV IRUPDV GH PDQLIHVWDomR GR GHVHMR ² R GHVHMR GH WUDYHVWLU D YLGD HP HVFULWD GHVHMR GD YLGD HVFULWD H R GHVHMR HP VH WUDYHVWLU GHVHMR GH VHU SDUHFHU SHUWHQFHU DR VH[R RSRVWR 75$9(67,0(172 GD HVFULWXUD KRPRHUyWLFR ² R GHVHMR GH UHFRQKHFLPHQWR H YDORUL]DomR GH XPD LGHQWLGDGH GHVHMR GH VHU VH DÀUPDU ,'(17,'$'( ² R GHVHMR KRPRD-IHWLYR H KRPRHUyWLFR GHVHMR DKRPRD-IHWLYR SXOVmR VH[XDO +202(527,602

3HUFHED TXH WRGDV HVVDV PDQLIHVWDo}HV GH GHVHMR DTXL DSRQWDGDV HVWmR LPEULFDGDV KDUPRQLRVDPHQWH PHVFODGDV (QWUHWDQWR DVVLP FRPR D identidade de gênero é uma construção sociocultural ou um “produto da OLQJXDJHPµ R GHVHMR HUyWLFR KRPRHUyWLFR WDPEpP R p 1HVWH VHQWLGR p TXH &RVWD DÀUPD

1mR H[LVWH REMHWR VH[XDO ´LQVWLQWLYDPHQWH DGHTXDGR DR GHVHMRµ RX YLFH YHUVD FRPR UHLWHUD D SVLFDQiOLVH 7RGR REMHWR GH GHVHMR p SURGXWR GD OLQJXDJHP TXH DSRQ-WD SDUD R TXH ´p GLJQR GH VHU GHVHMDGRµ H SDUD R TXH ´GHYH VHU GHVSUH]DGRµ RX WLGR FRPR LQGLIHUHQWH FRPR LQFDSD] GH GHVSHUWDU H[FLWDomR HUyWLFD &267$ S

$VVLP p SHOR IDWR GH R GHVHMR KRPR HUyWLFR VHU XP SURGXWR VRFLRFXO-tural que abre-se espaço para o questionamento da normatividade a partir GH LGHQWLGDGHV YiULDV (QWUH DV TXH QRV LQWHUHVVD DSRQWDPRV D VH[XDO D VR-FLDO H HVWD ~OWLPD HP FRQWUDSRVLomR FRP R SDSHO VRVR-FLDO GH JrQHUR

Identidades: sexual, social e de gênero

([LVWHP LQ~PHUDV IRUPDV GH LGHQWLGDGH H GLIHUHQWHV YLV}HV VREUH HOD DÀQDO DV SUySULDV LGHQWLGDGHV VmR SURGXWRV KLVWyULFRV H VRFLRFXOWXUDLV 2V HV-WXGRV IDODP EDVLFDPHQWH GH GRLV PRGHORV LGHQWLWiULRV R HVVHQFLDOLVWD H R FRQVWUXWLYLVWD 1R SULPHLUR VRPRV DTXLOR TXH QDVFHPRV QR VHJXQGR VRPRV DTXLOR HP TXH QRV WUDQVIRUPDPRV 2 SULPHLUR PRGHOR VDOLHQWD TXH D LGHQWL-GDGH p JHQpWLFD H SRUWDQWR GHWHUPLQDGD SHOD QDWXUH]D H R VHJXQGR DÀU-PD TXH D LGHQWLGDGH p FRQVWUXtGD H WUDQVIRUDÀU-PDGD GXUDQWH QRVVDV YLGDV

$ SULPHLUD LGHQWLGDGH D TXH SHUWHQFHPRV p D LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR LVWR p VHU KRPHP RX PXOKHU &RPR LVVR p FXOWXUDO RX VH p XPD FRLVD RX RX-WUD 1mR Ki PHLR WHUPR e Dt TXH UHVLGHP RV FRQÁLWRV SRLV Ki SRU H[HPSOR R FDVR GRV KRPRVVH[XDLV 6H[XDOPHQWH QDVFHP KRPHQV RX PXOKHUHV PDV QHP VHPSUH VHQWHP VH DÀUPDP VH UHFRQKHFHP VH FRPR KRPHQV RX OKHUHV $OJXQV HVWXGRV DSRQWDP SDUD XPD LGHQWLGDGH À[D H TXH Vy VHULD PX-WiYHO R SDSHO VRFLDO FRUUHVSRQGHQWH D HVVD LGHQWLGDGH $TXL ÀFDUHPRV FRP a teoria queer VREUH D LGHQWLGDGH KRPRHUyWLFD TXH DWULEXL jV LGHQWLGDGHV

YiULDV R FDUiWHU GH PXWiYHLV H LQÀQLWDV

1R GL]HU GH -RVp &DUORV %DUFHOORV p D SDUWLU GRV DQRV H TXH surge a emergência de uma identidade gay %$5&(//26 S (P

A Inocência e o Vício: estudos sobre o homoerotismo -XUDQGLU )UHLUH &RVWD

UHVVDOWD TXH D LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO p XP SURGXWR FXOWXUDO H GLVWLQJXH D SDUWLU GH RXWURV DXWRUHV RV TXDWUR HVWiJLRV GH DTXLVLomR GHVVD LGHQWLGDGH 3DUD HOH D LGHQWLGDGH KRPRHUyWLFD SHUID] TXDWUR HVWiJLRV VHQWLU VH GLIHUHQ-WH GDU VHQWLGR VLJQLÀFDGR D HVVD GLIHUHQoD UHFRQKHFHU VH SHOR RXWUR H SRVWHULRUPHQWH WHU DFHLWDomR GH VL PHVPR 6DOLHQWD TXH QHP WRGR LQGLYtGXR obrigatoriamente chega ao último e que a prática sexual entre homens por VL Mi FDUUHJD D LGHQWLGDGH GR VXMHLWR GH DVSHFWRV DIHPLQDGRV ,VVR VH H[SOL-FDULD HP SDUWH SRUTXH QXPD UHODomR KRPRDIHWLYD PDVFXOLQD RV KRPHQV HQYROYLGRV MDPDLV VH FRQVLGHUDULDP FRPR ´KRPHQV GH IDWRµ VXJHUH &RVWD 6HJXQGR HOH HVWD GHVYDORUL]DomR GDV QDV UHODo}HV KRPRHUyWLFDV VHULD H[SOL-FDGD MXVWDPHQWH SHOD LQFDSDFLGDGH GH UHSURGXomR

No dizer de Elisabeth Badinter em seu livro XY: sobre a identidade

mas-culina RV KRPHQV KRMH SDGHFHP GD IUDJPHQWDomR GHOHV PHVPRV %$-',17(5 S &RQVHTXrQFLD VHJXQGR HOD GR VLVWHPD SDWULDU-FDO TXH S{V QR PXQGR XP KRPHP PXWLODGR LQFDSD] GH UHFRQFLOLDU ; H < VXDV KHUDQoDV SDWHUQD H PDWHUQD 2 KRPHP HVWi GLYLGLGR HP GRLV GLYLGLGR HQWUH VHU PDFKR VHX H[WHULRU KRVWLO H YLULO H VHU IrPHD VHX LQWHULRU DPHQR SURYRFDGR SHOR FRQWDWR FRP D PmH $GHPDLV GH DFRUGR FRP %DGLQWHU VmR RV SUySULRV KRPRVVH[XDLV TXH FULDP D SUREOHPiWLFD LGHQWLÀFDWyULD SRLV TXHUHP TXH VHMD UHFRQKHFLGD VXD HVSHFLÀFLGDGH RX VHMD R TXH KRMH FKD-PDUtDPRV GH GLUHLWR j GLIHUHQoD %$',17(5 S ,VVR VH Gi FRP D FULDomR HP GR WHUPR KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH SHOR K~QJDUR %HQNHUW e posteriormente a criação do conceito de heterossexualidade para descre-YHU D ´QRUPDOLGDGHµ TXH VHJXQGR %DGLQWHU FLWDQGR -HIIUH\ :HHNV ´SRVWX-ODYD XPD GLIHUHQoD UDGLFDO HQWUH RV VH[RV DR PHVPR WHPSR TXH OLJDYD GH modo indissolúvel a identidade de gênero (ser um homem ou uma mulher) e D LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO µ - :((.6 apud %$',17(5 S

$SyV D IRUPDomR GR ´WLSR KRPRVVH[XDOµ SHORV VH[yORJRV DV SUiWLFDV VH[XDLV SDVVDUDP D VHU R FULWpULR GH GHVFULomR GD SHVVRD PDV DV SUiWLFDV KRPRVVH[XDLV Mi H[LVWLDP HP WRGD SDUWH H GHVGH VHPSUH FRQIRUPH SRQGHUD %DGLQWHU 1R HQWDQWR

DWp TXH D VH[RORJLD OKH FRORFDVVH XP UyWXOR D KRPRVVH-[XDOLGDGH HUD DSHQDV XPD SDUWH GLIXVD GR VHQWLPHQWR GH LGHQWLGDGH $ LGHQWLGDGH KRPRVVH[XDO WDO FRPR D FRQKHFHPRV p SRUWDQWR XPD SURGXomR GH FODVVLÀFD-omR VRFLDO FXMR SULQFLSDO REMHWLYR HUD D UHJXODFODVVLÀFD-omR H R FRQWUROH 1RPHDU HUD DSULVLRQDU - :((.6 apud BADIN-7(5 S

'H DFRUGR FRP R SURIHVVRU /XL] 0RWW QR DUWLJR Em defesa da homossexualidade %HQNHUW p SVHXG{QLPR GR MRUQDOLVWD K~QJDUR .DURO 0DULD .HUWEHQ\ TXH FXQKRX R WHUPR KRPRVVH[XDO HP

e D SDUWLU GDt TXH DV TXHVW}HV LGHQWLWiULDV SDVVDP D VHU SUREOHPDWL]D-GDV $ÀQDO FRPR SURS}H %DGLQWHU D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH VHULD XPD SXOVmR XQLYHUVDO RX XPD LGHQWLGDGH HVSHFtÀFD GH XPD PLQRULD" 6XUJHP DVVLP VH-JXQGR %DGLQWHU GHIHQVRUHV GDV VHPHOKDQoDV HQWUH KRPRVVH[XDLV H KHWH-URVVH[XDLV TXH LQVLVWHP TXDQWR j XQLYHUVDOLGDGH GD SXOVmR KRPRVVH[XDO H DTXHOHV TXH UHVVDOWDP DV GLIHUHQoDV H DV HVSHFLÀFLGDGHV GR KRPRVVH[XDO

%$',17(5 S 1HVWH HVSDoR WXUEXOHQWR GH SROrPLFDV H LQFHUWH-]DV QDVFHP QmR Vy RV PRYLPHQWRV GH GHIHVD GD KRPRFXOWXUD PDV WDPEpP RV HVWXGRV GD WHPiWLFD ´(VFROKD RX GHVWLQR DFLGHQWH RX HVWLOR GH YLGD D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH p SOXUDO H TXDOTXHU FRORFDomR TXH YLVH D XQLÀFi OD H UHLÀFi OD OHYD DR LPSDVVH $ SXOVmR p FHUWDPHQWH XQLYHUVDO PDV D SUHIH-UrQFLD VH[XDO QmR R p µ %$',17(5 S 1R ÀQDO GRV DQRV VXU-gem os chamados Gay’s Studies TXH GH DFRUGR FRP %DGLQWHU ´WRPDQGR consciência de que a homossexualidade é um conceito muito mais amplo GR TXH R GH LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO WUDWDUDP GH PRVWUDU TXH RV KRPRVVH[XDLV HUDP KRPHQV FRPR RV RXWURVµ H TXH PHVPR TXH D KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH IRVVH FRQVLGHUDGD XPD UHFXVD GH SDSpLV VH[XDLV WUDGLFLRQDLV D VH[XDOLGDGH QmR SRGHULD GH IRUPD DOJXPD GHWHUPLQDU R JrQHUR %$',17(5 S e VRPHQWH D SDUWLU GLVVR VHJXQGR %DGLQWHU TXH RV HVWXGLRVRV GD KRPRVVH-[XDOLGDGH FRPHoDP D DIDVWDU TXDOTXHU LGHQWLÀFDomR HQWUH ´LGHQWLGDGHµ H ´RULHQWDomR VH[XDOµ %$',17(5 S

0DV FRPR GLVWLQJXLU RV TXDWUR FRPSRQHQWHV GD VH[XDOLGDGH RULHQ-WDomR VH[XDO LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR H SDSHO VRFLDO GR gênero? Baseando-se nos Princípios de Yogyakarta: princípios sobre a

aplica-omR GD OHJLVODaplica-omR LQWHUQDFLRQDO GH GLUHLWRV KXPDQRV HP UHODaplica-omR j RULHQWD-omR VH[XDO H LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR R 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDRULHQWD-omR /*%7 GHÀQH

D RULHQWDomR VH[XDO FRPR D ´FDSDFLGDGH GH FDGD SHVVRD WHU XPD SURIXQ-GD DWUDomR HPRFLRQDO DIHWLYD RX VH[XDO SRU LQGLYtGXRV GH JrQHUR GLIHUHQWH GR PHVPR JrQHUR RX GH PDLV GH XP JrQHUR DVVLP FRPR WHU UHODo}HV tQWLPDV e sexuais com essas pessoas” 3DUD R Manual há basicamente três orienta-o}HV VH[XDLV SUHGRPLQDQWHV KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH SHOR PHVPR VH[R KHWHURV-VH[XDOLGDGH SHOR VH[R RSRVWR RX ELVKHWHURV-VH[XDOLGDGH SHORV GRLV VH[RV &RQIRU-me o Manual RV HVWXGRV GHPRQVWUDP TXH DV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GD RULHQWDomR VH[XDO YDULDP GH SHVVRD SDUD SHVVRD 2XWUDV SXEOLFDo}HV IDODP WDPEpP GH DVVH[XDOLGDGH H SDQVH[XDOLGDGH $ SULPHLUD VHULD D DXVrQFLD GH DWUDomR VH-[XDO GDt R IDWR GH PXLWRV HVWXGLRVRV D FDUDFWHUL]DUHP FRPR GLVIXQomR VHVH-[XDO H QmR FRPR RULHQWDomR VH[XDO $ VHJXQGD D FDSDFLGDGH GH VHQWLU DWUDomR VH[XDO SRU WRGRV RV VH[RV JrQHURV H DWp PHVPR HVSpFLHV

2 IDWR p TXH LQ~PHURV HVWXGRV DQWHULRUHV j WHRULD queer atribuíram j LGHQWLGDGH KRPRHUyWLFD D FRQRWDomR GH DQRUPDOLGDGH 'HVWD IRUPD FRPR DSRQWDPRV DWp DJRUD p UHFRUUHQWH DQWHV GRV HVWXGRV queer D LGHLD GD KRPRVVH[XDOLGDGH HQTXDQWR DQRUPDOLGDGH SDWRORJLD RX GHVYLR GH FD-UiWHU RX GH SHUVRQDOLGDGH $ SDUWLU GRV HVWXGRV gays e lésbicos é que esses HVWHUHyWLSRV YmR JUDGDWLYDPHQWH SHUGHQGR HVSDoR

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

$LQGD VHJXLQGR D GHÀQLomR GRV Princípios de Yogyakarta: princípios

VREUH D DSOLFDomR GD OHJLVODomR LQWHUQDFLRQDO GH GLUHLWRV KXPDQRV HP UHOD-omR j RULHQWDUHOD-omR VH[XDO H LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR R Manual de Comunica-omR /*%7 salienta que a identidade de gênero

é uma experiência interna e individual do gênero de FDGD SHVVRD TXH SRGH RX QmR FRUUHVSRQGHU DR VH[R DWULEXtGR QR QDVFLPHQWR LQFOXLQGR R VHQVR SHVVRDO GR FRUSR TXH SRGH HQYROYHU SRU OLYUH HVFROKD PRGLÀFD-omR GD DSDUrQFLD RX IXQPRGLÀFD-omR FRUSRUDO SRU PHLRV PpGL-FRV FLU~UJLPpGL-FRV H RXWURV H RXWUDV H[SUHVV}HV GH JrQHUR LQFOXVLYH YHVWLPHQWD PRGR GH IDODU H PDQHLULVPRV ,GHQWL-dade de gênero é a percepção que uma pessoa tem de VL FRPR VHQGR GR JrQHUR PDVFXOLQR IHPLQLQR RX GH DO-JXPD FRPELQDomR GRV GRLV LQGHSHQGHQWH GR VH[R ELR-OyJLFR 7UDWD VH GD FRQYLFomR tQWLPD GH XPD SHVVRD VHU GR JrQHUR PDVFXOLQR KRPHP RX GR JrQHUR IHPLQLQR

PXOKHU 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S

6HJXLQGR HVWH UDFLRFtQLR VH D LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO FRUUHVSRQGHULD DR VH[R ELROyJLFR PDVFXOLQR RX IHPLQLQR DWULEXtGR QR QDVFLPHQWR D LGHQWL-GDGH GH JrQHUR SRU VXD YH] FRUUHVSRQGHULD DR VHQWLGR SVLFROyJLFR GH VHU PDVFXOLQR RX IHPLQLQR 1HVWH VHQWLGR R SDSHO VRFLDO GR JrQHUR VHULD D H[-WHQVmR GR TXH p FRQVLGHUDGR QD VRFLHGDGH FRPR FRPSRUWDPHQWR IHPLQLQR H RX PDVFXOLQR FRQIRUPH GHIHQGH D American Psychological Association

$36 'HVWDUWH R SDSHO VRFLDO GH JrQHUR FRVWXPD HVWDU DVVRFLDGR D SDUWLFXODULGDGHV FRPR URXSDV DFHVVyULRV FRUWH GH FDEHOR SRVWXUD HWF $V-VLP R SDSHO VRFLDO GH JrQHUR SRGH VHU D WRWDOLGDGH GH IRUPDV QD TXDO XPD SHVVRD SRGH H[SUHVVDU VXD LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR RX PDLV IUHTXHQWHPHQWH o tipo de atividade que a sociedade determina como apropriada para in-GLYtGXRV TXH SRVVXDP GHWHUPLQDGR WLSR GH JHQLWiOLD H[WHUQD 2X VHMD VH p KRPHP WHP TXH HVWDU H VH FRPSRUWDU GH WDO PDQHLUD VH p PXOKHU GH RXWUD PDQHLUD

1RWH FRPR HVVDV TXHVW}HV UHODFLRQDGDV j LGHQWLGDGH VH[R H JrQHUR RX HQWUH GHVHMR SUiWLFD H LGHQWLGDGH VmR UHODWLYDV H YXOQHUiYHLV 3RU H[HP-SOR XP KRPHP SRGH QD SUiWLFD ID]HU VH[R FRP RXWUR KRPHP VHP TXH VH LGHQWLÀTXH FRPR KRPRVVH[XDO ELVVH[XDO RX gay (OH SRGH HVWDU WHQGR D SUiWLFD KRPRVVH[XDO PDV FRQWLQXDU VH LGHQWLÀFDQGR H VHQGR KHWHURVVH[XDO FRQIRUPH UHVVDOYD R 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%735 _{(OH SRGH HVWDU QXPD}

FRQGLomR HVSHFtÀFD FRPR FRQÀQDGR QXP SUHVtGLR QXP DOEHUJXH PDVFXOL-QR RX DWp ID]HQGR R WUDEDOKR VH[XDO FRP FOLHQWHV GR VH[R PDVFXOLPDVFXOL-QR UHIRUoD o Manual H H[SOLFD TXH SRU HVVDV UD]}HV IRUDP FULDGDV SHORV SURÀVVLRQDLV GH VD~GH VLJODV +6+ H 060 TXH LGHQWLÀFDP R FRPSRUWDPHQWR VH[XDO GDV SHVVRDV H QmR VXD RULHQWDomR VH[XDO H RX LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR GDQGR

'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQXDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

&RQIRUPH 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S +6+ p D VLJOD UHIHUHQWH D ´KRPHQV TXH ID]HP VH[R FRP KRPHQVµ H 060 ´PXOKHUHV TXH ID]HP VH[R FRP PXOKHUHVµ

FRQWD GD SUHYHQomR j $,'6 VHP DGHQWUDU QDV TXHVW}HV FXOWXUDLV LGHQWLWiULDV H VH[XDLV

De acordo com o 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 DR VH WUDWDU GH VH[XDOLGDGH QmR H[LVWH SDGUmR GH QRUPDOLGDGH RX DQRUPDOLGDGH SRLV D PDQLIHVWDomR VH[XDO DIHWLYD p GH FDUiWHU LQGLYLGXDO H tQWLPR GRV LQGLYtGX-RV H IDODU GH ´QRUPDOLGDGHµ GH XPD LGHQWLGDGH RX RULHQWDomR VH[XDO SUHV-VXS}H TXH H[LVWH XP ´GHVYLR GD QRUPDµ XPD ´DQRUPDOLGDGHµ 3RUWDQWR posiciona-se o Manual ´QRUPDOLGDGH VH[XDOµ p XPD H[SUHVVmR TXH GHYH VHU HYLWDGD DR UHIHULU VH DRV VHJPHQWRV /*%7 SRLV SRGH UHIRUoDU FRQFHLWRV UHODFLRQDGRV DR SUHFRQFHLWR H j GLVFULPLQDomR ( PDLV DÀUPD R Manual D orientação sexual não está vinculada ao desempenho sexual com o (a) par-FHLUR D SRLV D VH[XDOLGDGH LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GD RULHQWDomR HQYROYH XP FRQMXQWR GH IDWRUHV HPRFLRQDLV DIHWLYRV VRFLDLV KLVWyULFRV H ELROyJLFRV TXH YmR PXLWR DOpP GR DWR JHQLWDO $VVLP D DWLYLGDGH VH[XDO QDGD WHP D YHU FRP D RULHQWDomR VH[XDO RX LGHQWLGDGH GH JrQHUR GDV SHVVRDV 3RU H[HPSOR DOJXQV HVWXGRV DÀUPDP TXH WUDYHVWLV WUDQVH[XDLV H DQGUyJLQRV VmR FRQVLGHUDGRV LGHQWLGDGHV GH JrQHUR H QmR ´RULHQWDo}HV VH[XDLVµ XPD YH] TXH SRGH KDYHU WUDYHVWLV DQGUyJLQRV H WUDQVH[XDLV KRPRVVH[XDLV ELVVH[XDLV RX DWp PHVPR DVVH[XDLV RX KHWHURVVH[XDLV (P RXWUDV SDODYUDV VH D RULHQWD-omR VH[XDO p D DWUDRULHQWD-omR DIHWLYD H RX VH[XDO R GHVHMR GR TXDO IDODPRV TXH XPD SHVVRD VHQWH SRU RXWUD R VH[R ELROyJLFR VH GHÀQH FRPR VHU PDFKR RX IrPHD $ LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO SRU VHX WXUQR p D GLVWLQomR H R HQWHQGLPHQWR QDWXUDLV H VXEMHWLYRV GH VHU KRPHP RX PXOKHU &RQVHTXHQWHPHQWH R SDSHO VRFLDO GH JrQHUR UHIHUH VH D QRVVD DGHVmR jV UHJUDV FXOWXUDLV GH SDSpLV H FRPSRUWDPHQWR PDVFXOLQR RX IHPLQLQR

Além dos cultural studies (estudos culturais) e dos gender’s studies (es-WXGRV GH JrQHUR PDLV HVSHFLÀFDPHQWH GRV gays and lesbian studies (estu-GRV JD\V H OpVELFRV PXLWDV RXWUDV WHRULDV YmR VH GHEUXoDU VREUH DV UHODo}HV HQWUH FRUSR JrQHUR LGHQWLGDGH VXMHLWR H VH[XDOLGDGH DSRQWDU FRPR HVVHV FRQFHLWRV VmR LQVWiYHLV UHODWLYRV H PRYHGLoRV HQÀP TXHVWLRQDU D WDO ´QRU-PDOLGDGH VH[XDOµ (QWUH DV PDLV LPSRUWDQWHV HVWmR D WHRULD queer e a estética

camp

Teoria queer e Estética camp

Ao tocarmos na questão identitária e no travestimento das escritu-UDV KRPRHUyWLFDV WRUQD VH LQHYLWiYHO IDODUPRV GD WHRULD queer e da estética

camp $PEDV SURS}HP R TXHVWLRQDPHQWR GRV GLWDPHV GD QRUPDWLYLGDGH

H WrP FRPR PDUFDV D H[WUDYDJkQFLD H D PDUJLQDOLGDGH XPD YH] TXH GmR FRQWD GRV WUDQVJUHVVRUHV GRV H[FrQWULFRV GRV ´GLIHUHQWHVµ LVWR p GDV PLQR-ULDV (QWUH DV PLQRPLQR-ULDV VH[XDLV DV drags queens H RXWURV WUDQVJrQHURV EHP 0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV

0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

0DQXDO GH &RPXQLFDomR /*%7 S 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS ZZZ DEJOW RUJ EU GRFV 0DQ-XDOGH&RPXQLFDFDR/*%7 SGI $FHVVR HP PDU

como gays H OpVELFDV VmR DOJXQV GRV REMHWRV GH HVWXGR GHVWDV FRUUHQWHV WHy-ULFDV $ WHRULD queer SUHWHQGH ´URPSHU RV HVSDoRV À[RV H ÀQLWRV GD LGHQWLGD-GHµ 7$/%857 apud ),/+2 S 3RU VXD YH] D HVWpWLFD camp FRQKH-FLGD FRPR D HVWpWLFD GR H[DJHUR RX GR JURWHVFR SURS}H D LQYHVWLJDomR GDV SHUIRUPDQFHV GH JrQHUR WRPDQGR FRPR EDVH D DIHWDomR D SDUyGLD H R GHERFKH GHVWHV FRUSRV LGHQWLGDGH (P VXDV HVSHFLÀFLGDGHV WHRULD queer e estética camp tentarão descrever o “FRPSRUWDPHQWR ÁXLGR H PXOWLIRUPH” GD KRPRFXOWXUD 2 H[LELFLRQLVPR camp e a estranheza queer contestam as QRo}HV FXOWXUDLV À[DV H H[FOXGHQWHV GH VH[R JrQHUR H LGHQWLGDGH

1R GL]HU GH %DUFHOORV R queer ´HPSUHJDGR QR kPELWR GR TXH VH YHP chamando de teoria queer LQVFUHYH VH QXP DPSOR PRYLPHQWR GH TXHVWLR-namento da identidade gay e de alguns aspectos dos gays and lesbian

stu-diesµ %$5&(//26 S 2 queer VHJXQGR %DUFHOORV IRL UHDSURSULDGR para designar um modelo que se propôs como alternativa a gay, MXVWDPHQWH SDUD XPD DXWrQWLFD DÀUPDomR GD H[FHQWULFLGDGH GD GLIHUHQoD 8WLOL]DQGR R SUySULR WHUPR LQMXULRVR HP VXD GHQRPLQDomR D WHRULD queer perverte o VHQWLGR QHJDWLYR GR WHUPR GHVDÀDQGR VHX VHQWLGR SHMRUDWLYR 2 WHUPR queer p XPD JtULD LQJOHVD TXH SRGH VHU WUDGX]LGD FRPR ´HVTXLVLWRµ ´DQRUPDOµ ´H[-FrQWULFRµ ´LQFRPXPµ ´UDURµ ´HVWUDQKRµ RX ´GLIHUHQWHµ H WDPEpP p XWLOL]DGR HP WRQV GHSUHFLDWLYRV H KRPRIyELFRV SDUD GHVLJQDU gays H OpVELFDV 3RGHP ser considerados queers KRPRVVH[XDLV ELVVH[XDLV WUDQVH[XDLV WUDYHVWLV drag

queens/kings HQWUH RXWURV VXMHLWRV GH VH[XDOLGDGHV GHVYLDQWHV H DPEtJXDV

Na contemporaneidade exclui-se a ideia de que possa haver iden-WLGDGHV VH[XDLV HP WUDQVLomR RX HP WUDQVIRUPDomR 1XPD SHUVSHFWLYD WH-yULFD queer LQGLFD WRGD H TXDOTXHU ´LGHQWLGDGHµ VHMD HOD VH[XDO RX QmR FRPR UHVXOWDGR VREUHWXGR GH FRQYHQo}HV VRFLDLV H FXOWXUDLV $VVLP QRV H[-SOLFD R SHVTXLVDGRU 7RPD] 7DGHX GD 6LOYD

o termo queer IXQFLRQD FRPR XPD GHFODUDomR SROtWLFD GH TXH R REMHWLYR GD WHRULD queer é o de complicar a TXHVWmR GD LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO H LQGLUHWDPHQWH WDPEpP D TXHVWmR GD LGHQWLGDGH FXOWXUDO H VRFLDO $WUDYpV GD ¶HV-WUDQKH]D· TXHU VH SHUWXUEDU D WUDQTXLOLGDGH GD ¶QRUPDOL-GDGH· 6,/9$ S

$VVLP R TXH VH SHUFHEH p TXH R FRQFHLWR SyV PRGHUQR queer vem TXHVWLRQDU RV ´UHJLPHV GH QRUPDOLGDGHµ $ WHRULD queer rompe com a ideia GH XPD FDWHJRULD XQLWiULD IRUPDGRUD GH LGHQWLGDGHV 'H DFRUGR FRP -XGLWK %XWOHU DTXHOHV TXH VH FRQIURQWDP FRP DV QRUPDV GH JrQHUR H TXH DLQGD DVVLP EXVFDP XP UHFRQKHFLPHQWR VRFLDO SDUD WHU YLGDV KDELWiYHLV VmR RV VX-MHLWRV GD WHRULD queer %87/(5 S 3DUD D WHRULD queer D LGHQWLGDGH VH[XDO DVVLP FRPR D GH JrQHUR p XPD FRQVWUXomR VRFLDO 'H DFRUGR FRP WDO WHRULD D LGHQWLGDGH p VHPSUH XPD UHODomR GHSHQGHQWH GD LGHQWLGDGH GR RXWUR 1mR H[LVWH LGHQWLGDGH VHP VLJQLÀFDomR DVVLP FRPR QmR H[LVWH LGHQWLGDGH VHP SRGHU $ WHRULD queer pretende questionar as estruturas de VLJQLÀFDomR VREUH R TXH p FRUUHWR RX LQFRUUHWR R TXH p PRUDO RX LPRUDO R TXH p QRUPDO RX DQRUPDO

%DUFHOORV FRPHQWD FRQFRUGDQGR FRP -HIIUH\ :HHNV VREUH D QHFHV-VLGDGH GH VH GLVWLQJXLU FRP FODUH]D FRPSRUWDPHQWRV SDSpLV H LGHQWLGDGHV QR HVWXGR GR KRPRHURWLVPR SRLV VHJXQGR :HHNV ´XP FRPSRUWDPHQWR KR-PRVVH[XDO QmR JHUD DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH QHP PHVPR QHFHVVDULDPHQWH XPD LGHQWLGDGH KRPRVVH[XDO µ :((.6 apud %$5&(//26 S 2V VXMHL-WRV GH LGHQWLGDGH KRPRVVH[XDO VmR FRORFDGRV j PDUJHP QR VLVWHPD FXOWXUDO TXH YLYHPRV SRLV VH[LVWD ELQDULVWD KHWHURFrQWULFR PDFKLVWD IDORFUiWLFR DQGURFrQWULFR H SDWULDUFDO HVWH VLVWHPD QmR DEUH HVSDoR SDUD DV PLQRULDV RX SDUD DTXHOHV TXH VH FRORFDP FRPR H[WHUQRV PDUJLQDLV D HVWH VLVWHPD 7RGD H TXDOTXHU LGHQWLGDGH IRUD GHVWH VLVWHPD VHUi FRQVLGHUDGD H[ FrQWUL-FD 1HVWH VHQWLGR HQTXDQWR D WHRULD queer YROWD VH SDUD RV HVWUDQKRV D HV-tética camp IRFD RV H[FrQWULFRV H DPEDV HVWXGDP RV H[ FrQWULFRV

0XLWDV WUDYHVWLV FRPR VDEHPRV XVDP H DEXVDP GH PDTXLDJHQV YL-EUDQWHV URXSDV FKDPDWLYDV DFHVVyULRV H[yWLFRV FRUHV EHUUDQWHV MyLDV H[WUD-YDJDQWHV FDEHORV DUWLÀFLDLV FDOoDGRV HVSDOKDIDWRVRV 7RGD HVVD DIHWDomR H DUWLÀFLDOLGDGH EHP FRPR HVVH KXPRU H H[DJHUR SUHVHQWHV QD PRQWDJHP H RX WUDQVIRUPDomR GRV FRUSRV WUDYHVWLGRV SRU YH]HV FDULFDWRV p REMHWR GH análise da Estética Camp

A palavra camp é um termo que pode ser traduzido por ´IHFKDomRµ H VLJQLÀFD XPD DFHLWDomR SRU SDUWH GRV gays - do universo estereotipado criado pela sociedade KRPRIyELFD PDV GH PDQHLUD LQYHUWLGD EXVFDQGR YDORUL-]DU R MDUJmR ´KRPRVVH[XDOµ RV JD\V GHYROYHP j FDPDGD EHP FRPSRUWDGD GD VRFLHGDGH XPD WUDQVÀJXUDomR GR JURWHVFR WUDQVIRUPDQGR R HVWLJPD GR MDUJmR KRPRIyEL-FR HP OLQJXDJHP H DomR OLEHUWiULDV 6H KRPRIyEL-FRQKRPRIyEL-FRUGDUPRV FRP -XQJ SDUD TXHP H[LVWHP RV ´WLSRV SVLFROyJLFRVµ RX RV ´HVWDGRV SVLFROyJLFRVµ ´LQWURYHUWLGRV H H[WURYHUWLGRVµ D HVWpWLFD GR JURWHVFR SHUIRUPDWL]DGD SHODV drag que-ens HVWDULD HYLGHQFLDQGR D SRUomR H[WURYHUWLGD GR WHP-SHUDPHQWR KRPRHUyWLFR 1HVVD GLUHomR DV SLDGDV DV FDULFDWXUDV R H[DJHUR QD JHVWXDOLGDGH H DV OLQJXDJHQV REVFHQDV XWLOL]DGRV HP VXD HVWpWLFD HVSHWDFXODUL]DGD WHULDP R REMHWLYR GH WUDQVIRUPDU D UHDOLGDGH GLItFLO GH VHU YLYLGD QXPD VLPXODomR GD YLGD FRPR REUD GH DUWH 3RU XP ODGR HVVD HVWUDWpJLD OLEHUD XPD GLPHQVmR GD YLYrQ-FLD KRPRHUyWLFD TXH HVWLYHUD UHFDOFDGD KLVWRULFDPHQWH SRUWDQWR FRQVLVWH QXPD DomR DÀUPDWLYD TXH FRQWHPSOD RV JD\V OpVELFDV WUDYHVWLV H WUDQVVH[XDLV sic) como eles VmR IDODP H DJHP HP VXDV YLYrQFLDV GLiULDV SRU RXWUR ODGR UDWLÀFD RV SURFHGLPHQWRV GH H[FOXVmR SRUTXH UH-WUDWD RV JD\V VHPSUH HIHPLQDGRV I~WHLV SURPtVFXRV HV-SDOKDIDWRVRV 3$,9$ S

1HVWH VHQWLGR R FRUSR WUDYHVWL p SODVWLFLGDGH performance HVSD-oR GH RUQDPHQWDomR H p GHVVD PDQHLUD SHOR H[FHVVR SHOR HVSDOKDIDWR TXH DV WUDYHVWLV TXHVWLRQDP DV QRUPDV FXOWXUDLV RX DV IURQWHLUDV GH JrQHUR H FKDPDP D DWHQomR SDUD VL RX QD JtULD WUDYHVWL ´causamµ DEDODP HVWUX-WXUDV OLWHUDOPHQWH 1D HVWpWLFD camp RV GHVPXQKHFDGRV DIHWDGRV

QDGRV H WUDYHVWLGRV WrP YH] SRLV HOD SULYLOHJLD R H[DJHUR R WUDYHVWLVPR D DIHWDomR H D IDUVD

A estética camp LQWHUHVVD VH SHODV PLQRULDV QR TXH HODV WrP GH GXDO GH DPEtJXR GH GXSOR VHQWLGR 6HJXQGR 6XVDQ 6RQWDJ XPD GDV WHRUL]DGRUDV da Estética Camp WRGDV DV SHVVRDV H REMHWRV SRVVXHP XP JUDQGH FRP-SRQHQWH GH DUWLItFLR H R DQGUyJLQR FRPR VHU DPEtJXR p XPD GDV JUDQGHV imagens da sensibilidade Camp 6217$* S 'HVWH PRGR VmR KtEULGRV RX DPEtJXRV WUDYHVWLV KHUPDIURGLWDV LQWHUVH[XDLV H DQGUyJLQRV SRLV FDUUHJDP HP VL R VLJQR GD GXELHGDGH 2EYLDPHQWH LVVR QRV LQWHUHVVD GH PDQHLUD FRQWXPD] XPD YH] TXH R WUDYHVWL HVWi QHVWH WHUUHQR IpUWLO GD DPEL-JXLGDGH GD GLV VLPXODomR GD GXELHGDGH H GR GLVIDUFH $ HVFULWD WDPEpP HVWi SODQWDGD QHVWH VROR

Escritura do travestimento

Se pensarmos em corpos escritos e travestidos é possível estabelecer GLYHUVDV DQDORJLDV HQWUH FRUSR H HVFULWD 6mR YiULRV RV FRQFHLWRV TXH HQFRQ-WUDPRV VREUHWXGR QDV iUHDV SHGDJyJLFD ÀORVyÀFD H OLWHUiULD escrita de

es-critura escrita de escrevência eses-critura do travestimento DOpP GDV

GHÀQL-o}HV GLYHUVDV SDUD HVFULWD HVFULWXUD H HVFULWXUDOLGDGH40 _{$TXL QRV DWHUHPRV DR}

conceito de escritura do travestimento cunhado por Severo Sarduy em seu

Escrito sobre um corpo

'H DFRUGR FRP 6HYHUR 6DUGX\ R WUDYHVWL WUD] QR VHX FRUSR XPD DSD-rência de inversão sexual e é “alguém que levou a experiência da inversão D VHXV OLPLWHVµ 6$5'8< S 2 PXQGR GR WUDYHVWLGR p XP PXQGR LQYHUWLGR ´HVSDoR GH FRQYHUV}HV GH WUDQVIRUPDo}HV H GLVIDUFHV R HVSDoR GD OLQJXDJHP µ 6$5'8< S 'HVWH PRGR D WUDYHVWL QmR DVVXPH ´D LPDJHP GH VL PHVPRµ PDV D LPDJHP GR RXWUR 6DUGX\ DSRQWD DLQGD TXH R WUDYHVWLPHQWR FRPR XPD ´DGRUDomR LPSOtFLWD GR 2XWURµ SURYRFD R GLVIDU-FH QXPD WHQWDWLYD YRUD] GH ´YHVWLU VH GR 2XWURµ e SRLV VHJXQGR HOH D XVXU-SDomR GH XPD LGHQWLGDGH DOKHLD 2 WUDYHVWL UH~QH HP VL D FRH[LVWrQFLD RX D FRQYHUJrQFLD GH VLJQLÀFDQWHV PDVFXOLQRV H IHPLQLQRV &RPR YLPRV D QRomR GH JrQHUR HVWi SDXWDGD QR GXDOLVPR RX VH p XP RX VH p RXWUR (QWUHWDQWR como vimos com a estética camp e com a teoria queer LVVR QmR VH DSOLFD j UHDOLGDGH 1R FDVR GRV WUDQVJrQHURV SRU H[HPSOR RV ELQDULVPRV FXOWXUDLV PDVFXOLQR IHPLQLQR KRPHP PXOKHU PDFKR IrPHD VXEYHUWHP HVVD GLWD-GXUD GR JrQHUR 2 GHVHMR WUDYHVWL SRU H[HPSOR p GH WRUQDU VH RXWUR LQYHU-&RPHQWDQGR 6FKQHXZO\ 6pUJLR 5REHUWR &RVWD H[SOLFD TXH HVFULWD QR VHQWLGR UHVWULWR VHULD R GRPtQLR GH XP FyGLJR GH XP VLVWHPD RUWRJUiÀFR HQTXDQWR D HVFULWXUD VHULD D SRVVL-ELOLGDGH GH VH UHSUHVHQWDU D OLQJXDJHP RUDO SRU XP VLVWHPD YLVXDO (P VHQWLGR DPSOR H[SOLFD &RVWD HVFULWD HVFULWXUD VHULD XPD DWLYLGDGH GLVFXUVLYD HVSHFtÀFD GHQWUR GH XP VLVWHPD GH SUR-GXomR JOREDO WRWDO GLVFXUVLYR RUDO H HVFULWR 2UDOLGDGH HVFULWD H HVFULWXUD GLIHUHQoDV VHPHO-KDQoDV HQWUH DV PRGDOLGDGHV RUDO H HVFULWD H R SURFHVVR GH OHWUDPHQWR 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWS

ZZZ ÀORORJLD RUJ EU L[IHOLQ WUDEDOKRV SGI SGI $FHVVR HP PDU 3DUD VDEHU PDLV VR-EUH HVFULWD HVFULWXUD H HVFULWXUDOLGDGH FRQVXOWDU '(55,'$ 6REUH R FRQFHLWR GH escrita de

escritura FRQVXOWDU %$57+(6 H SDUD VDEHU PDLV VREUH R FRQFHLWR GH escrita de escrevência YHU %$57+(6 H 3(5521( 02,6e6

WHQGR VHX JrQHUR QD DSDUrQFLD 1R FDVR GRV WUDQVH[XDLV D LQYHUVmR p DLQGD PDLRU SRLV QmR ÀFD DSHQDV QD DSDUrQFLD $ HVFULWD WDPEpP SURS}H XPD VXEYHUVmR D VXEYHUVmR GD UHDOLGDGH R WUDYHVWLPHQWR GHVWD HP ÀFomR

'HVWDUWH D HVFULWD SUHVVXS}H PRQWDJHP XPD YH] TXH p D OLQJXDJHP VH PRQWDQGR SDUD D SURGXomR GD QDUUDWLYD ÀFomR H UHDOLGDGH VH PRQWDP QD FRPSRVLomR GD QDUUDWLYD 2V SHUVRQDJHQV VmR PRQWDGRV SDUD R GHVHQ-ODFH GD QDUUDomR H R DXWRU VLPXOD GLVVLPXOD H UHSUHVHQWD 1R XQLYHUVR GDV WUDYHVWLV HVWD LGHLD GD PRQWDJHP Mi HVWi VHQGR VXSHUDGD (QWUH DV WUDYHVWLV QmR p EHP YLQGD D LGHLD GH TXH HODV VH PRQWDP 'H DFRUGR FRP HODV D PRQWDJHP IRL XP UHFXUVR GR SDVVDGR FRQIRUPH VH SRGH SHUFHEHU QD GH-FODUDomR GH XPD GHODV DR SHVTXLVDGRU +XJR 'HQL]DUW

Falam se montar como travesti? Se montar é uma pa-ODYUD SHVDGD 3DUHFH TXH SHJD XP SHGDoR GH FDGD FRLVD H PRQWD XPD FRLVD TXDOTXHU 6HULD VH WUDQVIRUPDU VH WUDQVIRUPDQGR (OHV XVDP PRQWDJHP SRUTXH ÀFRX PXLWR DTXHOD FRLVD GH WUDYHVWL TXH XVD SHUXFD XVDYD +i PXLWR WHPSR DWUiV QmR KDYLD KRUP{QLR QHP VLOLFRQH HQWmR R TXH HOHV ID]LDP" 8VDYDP HVSXPD $t VH PRQWD-YDP H VH GHVPRQWDPRQWD-YDP 0RQWDPRQWD-YDP XP FRUSR SRU EDL[R GD URXSD H GHVPRQWDYDP ,QGLDQDUD '(1,=$57 S

$VVLP R HPSUHJR GH ¶montagem· VH PRVWUD QD YLVmR GDV WUDYHVWLV GHVDWXDOL]DGR e SUHFLVR UHVVDOWDU TXH DLQGD Ki FDVRV HP TXH PXLWDV VH PRQ-WDP SDUD SHUIRUPDQFHV HP HVSHWiFXORV FRPR QR FDVR GH PXLWRV WUDQVIRU-PLVWDV drag queens e crossdressers que verdadeiramente se montam para uma performance HP HVSHWiFXORV 1HVWHV H QRV GHPDLV FDVRV DV WUDYHVWLV VH WUDQVIRUPDP DOJXPDV YH]HV LUUHYHUVLYHOPHQWH RXWUDV GHVDVWURVDPHQWH São muitos os relatos de aplicação mal-sucedida de silicone ou de cirurgias SOiVWLFDV IUDFDVVDGDV H WUDXPiWLFDV 0DV R TXH XP FRUSR WUDYHVWLGR VXJHUH"

6DUGX\ XWLOL]D R WHUPR WUDYHVWLPHQWR FRPR PHWiIRUD SDUD D HVFULWXUD XPD YH] TXH DPERV FRUSR WUDYHVWLGR H HVFULWXUD VmR IRUPDV GH UHSUHVHQ-WDomR H PDQLSXODomR GH VLJQRV 2 WUDYHVWLPHQWR DVVLP FRPR D SDUyGLD p XPD PDQHLUD LQWHUWH[WXDO GH UHHVFULWXUD GH WH[WRV SRGHQGR VHU GH VH[R UDoD FODVVH RX FXOWXUD 2 WUDYHVWLPHQWR SRUWDQWR LPSOLFD GLVIDUFH UHSUH-VHQWDomR RX VLPXODFUR XPD YH] TXH R JHVWR GH WUDYHVWLU HVWi UHODFLRQDGR DR IDWR GH VLPXODU VHU RXWUR 'H DFRUGR FRP R SHQVDPHQWR GHUULGLDQR D HVFULWD SURYRFD VHPSUH XPD GHVFRQÀDQoD SRU QmR SDVVDU GH XPD UHSUHVHQ-WDomR GH RXWUD UHSUHVHQUHSUHVHQ-WDomR 3DUD 'HUULGD D HVFULWXUD p R WUDEDOKR da escrita e a palavra escrita é suspeita porque pode ser utilizada mesmo na DXVrQFLD GDTXHOH TXH D HVFUHYHX FRQWUD HOH RX D VHX IDYRU

'DQGR VHTXrQFLD DRV QRVVRV UDFLRFtQLRV DR FRQVLGHUDUPRV R XQLYHUVR GR WUDYHVWLPHQWR SHUFHEH VH XPD HYLGHQWH DQDORJLD HQWUH FRUSR H HVFULWX-UD 7DQWR R FRUSR WHVFULWX-UDYHVWLGR FRPR D HVFULWD VmR DOYRV GD SUyWHVH GD PRQ-WDJHP GD WUDQVIRUPDomR GD WUDQVÀJXUDomR e SUHFLVR OHPEUDU TXH DVVLP FRPR R WUDYHVWL D HVFULWD WDPEpP QHFHVVLWD GD SUyWHVH 1R FDVR HVSHFtÀFR da literatura essa prótese pode ser entendida como a inovação do léxico e GR SURFHVVR QDUUDWLYR H R H[WUD GLWR LVWR p DTXLOR TXH HVWi DOpP GR HVFULWR H