ﺖﺤﺗ
(
رﻮـﺸﻛ رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ C ، 40 ،ﻦـﺷور ر Cd40 ﻦﻳﺮـﺘﻤ رﺎﻤﻴﺗرد ود) ﻲـﺳ مﺎـﻗراﻲ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸ ﺮـﮕﻳد
ﺮﻫ يازا ﻪﺑ
FA
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ .(
دراﻮﻣ ﺮﺜﻛا رد
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ يورو ب
رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖ
0 / 0 ﺎﺗ 32 / 0 W .( ﻢﻬﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺶ pH راﺪﻘﻣ ،
Triticum a
(
ﻲ ، ناﺮﻬﺗهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد . ناﺮﻬ . ، ناﺮﻬﺗهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد . ﻦ ﻲﻳاﺬـﻏﺖـﻴﻨﻣا ﻣﻦـﻳاياﺮﺑ .دﻮﺑمﻮﺮﻔ ) ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ) ( Cd0)
،ﻲ ،ﺪﻧﻮﻴﺳ ،زاﺮﻴﺷ ر
رﺎـﻤﻴﺗردﻲﻳاﻮـﻫﺶ Cd وﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﻤﻛ
د .ﺪﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (ﺪﺻ ـﺳرﺎﭘﻢـﻗرو (مﺮﮔﻮ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑردﺐ
داﮋﻧ و مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺸﻴﺑ هﺪﻫ ﺪﺷ . فﺮﻃزا مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ مﺮﮔو ) AO, 1989
ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ،دراﺪﻧ دﻮ
ﺳيوﺎﺣ ي
بﺮ
B
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﻨﻣاد .(
ﻟآ
ﻦﻴﺑ هدﻮ
04
Wagner, 199
ﻛ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ راﺪﻘ
يرﻮ ﻪﻛ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ
aestivum L
ﻮﻔﺗ ﻳ ﻀ ﻲ 3 ز ي ﺒﻃﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣو ﻴﻌ ﻲ ﺒﻃ ﻴﻌ ﻲ ، ﻬﺗهﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ي ﺒﻃﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣو ﻴﻌ ﻲ ، 94 رديدﺮﺒﻫار ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺶﻨﺗﺖﺤﺗ ﺢﻄ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎـﻛ ) ﻔـﺻ ،د ،ﺖﺷدوﺮﻣ ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ
ﺶـﺨﺑردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ رﺎـﻤﻴﺗرد .ﺪـﺷ d80
) زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘ 54 / 0 ﺻرد ﻲـ مﺮـﮔ ﻮـﻠﻴﻛﺮـﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛرا
عﻮﻤ ، ود ﻢﻗر ﻚﻴﻧ ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ و ﺪﻳﻮﻧ ﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺷادار .
ﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻚﻳ لد
ﺖﺳا نﺪﺑ ن
ﻮﺟو ﺖﻌﻴﺒﻃ رد
ﻲﻧﺎﻛ رد هاﺮﻤ
يﺎﻫ
Baker et al., ك
آ ﺮﻴﻏ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا ﺮﻴﻐ
) 93
راﺬ
ﻘﻣ ﺮﺑ كﺎﺧ
،ﺖﺳا كﺎ
ﻪﺑ ﻮﻃ
)
مﺪﻨﮔ
ﻒ
L.
ﻣﻴ
مﻮ
هدازع 2 * ، ﺪﻬﻣ ي ﺗ دﺮﭘ،ك ﻳ ﺲ زروﺎﺸﻛ زروﺎﺸﻛ ي ﻃﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣو
دﺮﭘ،ك ﻳ ﺲ زروﺎﺸﻛ
:شﺮﻳﺬﭘﺦ 29 / 07 / ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗر
ﺶﻳﺎ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﺳ ﻄﺳ
،رﺎﻬﺑ) مﺪ ﻚﻴﻧ داﮋﻧ
بﺬﺟراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘ ﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (ﺪﺻرد
) رﺎﻳ 1 / 1 ﭘو (ﺪﺻرد
ﺖﻔﻫ) داﮋﻧﻚ ـﻠﻴﻣ
ﻢﻛوﻦﻳﺮ ﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺗ
.ﺪﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻤﺠﻣرد
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎ رد ود ﻢﻗر
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑردﻢﻴ ﻲ ﺿارا ﻲ .
دﺎﻌﻣ نﺎﺴﻧا ﻚ
نزو زا مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
ﻪ ترﻮﺻ د اﺰﺠﻣ ﻪ ترﻮﺻ ﻤﻫ ﺰﻠﻓ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) 1990
ﺎﺧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زﺎ
ﻐﺘﻣ رﻻﻮﻣوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺖﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺬﮔﺮﺛا ،نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ pH ﺎﺧ moteshare@u
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
مﺎﻗرا
ﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺶﻨﺗ
ﻴ
ﻦ 1 ، عﺮﺸﺘﻣﻚﺑﺎﺑ ومﻮ ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲ كﺎﺧ ﻲ دﺮﭘ،كﺎﺧ ﻳ ﺲ ﻛ وم ﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲ كﺎﺧ ﺖ : 15 / 06 / 93 ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ؛،مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗ ﻪﻳ يا راردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﺪﺷ . رﺎﻤﻴﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺎﻣزآ كﺎﺧ ( و 14 ﻢﻗر ﺪﻨﮔ دﻮ . ﺘﻤﻛوﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
) رﺎﻬﺑو (ﺪﺻر 81
/ 0
ﻳﺮﻬﺷمﺎﻗراردﺐﻴﺗ ﻚﻴﻧﻢﻗرﻂﺳﻮﺗﺐﻴﺗ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ Cd80 ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
مﺮﮔ ﻣ (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑ
ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺎﻛ
ﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤ ﺖ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ يا ، ﮔدﻮﻟآ ﻲ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يزروﺎﺸ ﻪﺑ مﻮﻴﻣ نﺎﺴﻧاﻲ Bertin .( كﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ناﺪﻴﺴﻛ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ نﺪﺑﻪﺑ ﻚﻳ ﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻣ ﺎﻓ ﻣ ﺧ ﮔ :ﻚﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜ ut.ac.ir
ﻣدﺎﻛ
ﻴ
مﻮ
رد
اﻳ نﺎﻤ رزداﻮﺟ ﻳ ﻦ ﻲ هوﺮﮔ،ﺪﺷرا ﻮﻠﻋ هو ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣومﻮﻠﻋﻲ هوﺮﮔ،ﺪﺷرا مﻮﻠﻋ رﺎﺗ ﻳ ﺦ رد ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ
ﻗراردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘراﺪﻘﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺿوﻲﺳرﺮ ﺬﻐﺗ ًﻼﻣﺎ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ اﺮﺟا ﺷ ﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣ ﺧمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
وﺪﻧﻮﻟا،ﺪﻴ (ﺪﻳﻮﻧ ﻮﺑ
) ﺪﻧﻮﻟامﺎﻗ 08 / 2 رد رﺎﻤﻴﺗﻪ Cd0 ﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ
ﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛبﺬ ﺗردﻲﻓﺮﻃزا .دﻮﺑﻪ
ﺶﺷ) ﺪﻳﻮﻧو ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
ﮔ
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻤﻛزﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘورﺎﻬﺑم
ﻨﻴ ﺖ اﺬﻏ ﻲﻳ ، ﻌﺿو ﻴ ﺖ
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺗﺎ
ﺸﻛ ﻲﺿارارد ﻪﺘ
ﻣدﺎﻛ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا
ﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺖﻴﻨﻣا،ك
n and Averb
نﺪﻧﺎﺳرﺐﻴﺳآ
ﻢﻳﺰﻧ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻧآ ﻛا
هﺎﻴﮔ ﺪﺷر زا
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻪﻧازور
هدازعﺮﺸ ﻜﻟاﺖﺴﭘ .
204 -195
ﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ب
ﻴ
ﻢ
ﻛ
و
ﺶ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣآ ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﻲ 2 . رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد وﺮﮔ ﺶ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣآ ﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﻲﻘﻣﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛبﺮﺨ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳازاف ،
ﺮﺑ
حﺮﻃﺐﻟﺎﻗرد،ﻞ ﺎﻛ Cd ( ﻣﻴ ﻠ ﻲ مﺮﮔ ﻣدﺎﻛ ،رﺎﻳﺮﻬﺷ ،مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻴﻣا Cd راردﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ ﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶ
ﻢﻛو ﺬﺟراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔترﻮﺻ (مﺮﮔ ﻲ مﺮﮔ و (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑ
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎ ار ﻨﺘﺷاد ،ﺪ
ﺎﻗراوﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑرﺎﻳ ﮕﻨﺳﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻴ ،ﻦ ﻨﻣا دﻮﻛ ﺎﻔﺴﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻫد ﺘﺷﺬﮔيﺎﻫ
Pinto et al .(
كﺎﺧردﻻﺎﺑكﺮﺤ
ﺪ ) beck, 2006
آﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣنﺎﻫﺎ
ﻧآ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ زوﺮﺑ ،ﺰ
ﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ و هﺎﻴ
يﺮ
دوروزﺎﺠﻣﺪﺣ
:ﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺸﺘﻣﻚﺑﺎﺑ 4
ﺳر
ﻲ
بﺬﺟ
1 . ﺶﻧاد 3 . ﺶﻧاد ﻜﭼ ﻴ هﺪ ﺨﻣتاﺮﺛازاﻲﻫﺎﮔآ فﺪﻫ .درادﺖﻴﻤﻫا ﻞﻳرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ (Cd40 ( و 80 ) d80 ،زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘ ،يدازآ ﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧ d0
ﺶﺨﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘراﺪﻘﻣ Cd40 وﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ ﺑ ﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮ
) مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ 20 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺎﻛ
ﻳﺮﻬﺷوﺪﻧﻮﻟامﺎﻗرا هژاو ﺎﻫ ي يﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ﻋ زا هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ
ﻲﻃ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻲ
) ﺖﺳ l., 2004
ﺮﺤﺗودﺎﻳزﺖﻴﻤﺳ
ﺪﻳﺪﻬﺗا
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ
ﺎﻴﮔردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪ
ﻴﮔ يﺎﻫ
Das et al., .( * هﺪﻧرﺎﮕﻧ
ﺮﺑ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﺠﻳرﺪﺗ ﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻤﺳﻞﻴﻟدارمادو ﺖﻴﻤﺳ
ﻛ ،ﻪﺸﻳر
ﻪﻤﻫ رد
بﺬﺟ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓانﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ) Kirkham,
2006 ﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﺎﺑﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﻓﺮﻃزاﺎﻣا،( pH
راﺪﻘﻣﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ،كﺎﺧ
ﻲﻤﻧﺶﻫﺎﻛمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖﺷادﺮﺑ
) ﺪﺑﺎﻳ Singh et al., 1995 .(
ﻪﺑ ﺾﺤﻣ
ﻖﻳﺮﻃزاﺮﺼﻨﻋﻦﻳا،هﺎﻴﮔﻪﺸﻳرﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛدورو
ﻲﻣ ﻲﺑﻮﭼ ﺪﻧوآ دراو ﻲﺘﺳﻼﭘﻮﭘآ ﺮﻴﺴﻣ
) دﻮﺷ Salt and
Wagner, 1993
ﺪﻧﺎﮕﻴﻟ ﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﺮﻴﺴﻣ رد و (
يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻴﺳا ﻞﻴﺒﻗ زا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
تﻼﻛﻮﺘﻴﻓ ﺎﻳ و ﻲﻟآ يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻜﻠﭙﻤﻛ ﺎﻫ
دﺎﺠﻳا ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ) Cataldo et al., 1988; Senden et al.,
1994
زا ﻲﺑﻮﭼ ﺪﻧوآ ردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ هدادنﺎﺸﻧ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ .(
ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ هﺎﻴﮔ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ بآ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ
) Greger and Landberg, 1995
زايﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟﺎﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ .(
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧﻢﻳﺰﻧآﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ
زﺎﺘﻛادر ،
ﻪﺸﻳرزاتاﺮﺘﻴﻧلﺎﻘﺘﻧاوبﺬﺟ
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ار هﺎﻴﮔ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫد ) Hernandez et
al., 1996
ﻞﺘﺨﻣ ار هﺎﻴﮔ نورد رد بآلدﺎﻌﺗ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻦﻳا .(
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ) Costa and Morel, 1994
ﺐﻴﺳآ ﺐﺒﺳ و (
ﻨﻛ ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻪﺑنﺪﻧﺎﺳر
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﺮﻴﺴﻣ و هﺪﻨ
I و
II ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) Siedlecka and Krupa, 1996 ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .(
) نارﺎﻜﻤﻫو ﻦﺳرﻻﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ
Larsson et al., 1998 نﺎﺸﻧ (
وﻞﻴﻓوﺮﻠﻛراﺪﻘﻣﺶﻫﺎﻛﺐﺒﺳمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻪﻛداد
ﺋﻮﻨﺗرﺎﻛ ﻴ ﺪ رد
هﺎﻴﮔ اﺰﻠﻛ )
Brassica napus L
. ﺰﻠﻓ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ (
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
نﺪﺷﻪﺘﺴﺑوزﺎﺑ
ﻪﻧزور ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺤﺗار
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ راﺮﻗ
ﻪﺑﺎﺟﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛتاﺮﺛاﻪﺑارنآ ﻞﻴﻟدﻪﻛﺪﻫد
نﻮﻳﻲﻳﺎﺟ
يﺎﻫ
لﻮﻠﺳ رد ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻳﺰﻴﺴﺑآ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ و ﻢﻴﺴﻠﻛ و ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﻧزور نﺎﺒﻬﮕﻧ
) ﺪﻨﻫد Barcelo and
Poschenrieder, 1990
يدﺎﻳز بﺮﺨﻣ تاﺮﺛا ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻦﻳا .(
،دراد نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ و ﺪﺷر ﺮﺑ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ لﺎﺜﻣ ﻲﻣ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ
ﻪﺸﻳر ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ
و نﺪﺷ ﺖﻔﺳ و ﻲﺒﻧﺎﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﭻﻴﭘ ﻲﮔدرﻮﺧ ﻪﺸﻳر
) ﻲﻠﺻا يﺎﻫ Krantev et al., 2008;
Rascio and Navari, 2011; Yadav, 2010
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ،(
) ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓزايﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟوﻞﻴﻓوﺮﻠﻛراﺪﻘﻣ
Miyadate et al.,
2011
ردبآ لﺎﻘﺘﻧاو ﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ردﺖﻟﺎﺧدو (
) هﺎﻴﮔ Das et al., 1997
ﺺﺨﺸﻣﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗرد .دﻮﻤﻧ هرﺎﺷا (
دﺮﮔ ﻳﺪ ﻪﻛ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﻢﻳﺰﻧآ يﺎﻫ ATPase و
ﻚﻳﺮﻓ زﺎﺘﻛادر
دﻮﺨﻧ هﺎﻴﮔ رد ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ بﺬﺟ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
) ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ Sandalio et al., 2001
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و رﺎﻣﻮﻳ .(
) Umar et al., 2008
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻤﺴﻴﻧﻮﮔﺎﺘﻧآ تاﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ (
ومﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
دﻮﺧﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
هرﺎﺷا هدﺮﻛ ﺪﻧا .
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔردﻮﻴﺗاﺪﻴﺴﻛاﺶﻨﺗزوﺮﺑﺐﺒﺳ
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) Hendry et al., 1992
ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺎﻣا (
) ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ تاﺰﻠﻓ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ لﺎﺜﻣ
ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ (ﺲﻣ
ﻲﻤﻧ ﺪﺳر ﻪﻛ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ
دﻮﺷ نﮋﻴﺴﻛا لﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ
) Salin, 1988 .(
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳزاهدﺎﻔﺘﺳاﺎﺑﻲﻟﻮﻠﺳﺢﻄﺳردنﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﻲﻋﺎﻓديﺎﻫ
ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ، ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ
ﺮﻴﻏ ﻪﺑ
) ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺳهراﻮﻳدﻂﺳﻮﺗمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛندﺮﻛكﺮﺤﺘﻣ
Nishizono
et al., 1989
تارﺪﻴﻫﻮﺑﺮﻛ و (
ﻞﻴﺒﻗ زا ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺳ نوﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
) ژﻼﻴﺳﻮﻣ
Verkleij et al., 1991
زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ و ﻊﻓد ،(
دورو
ﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
لﻮﺳﻮﺘﻴﺳ
ﻲﻳﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘيﺎﺸﻏ دﻮﺟوﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ
ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو
ﻖﻳﺮﻃزا
لﺎﻧﺎﻛ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻳﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘيﺎﺸﻏردﻢﻴﺴﻠﻛدورو
ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣرد
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﻲﻧز ) Rivetta et al., 1997 ﺢﺷﺮﺗ ،(
تﻼﻛﻮﺘﻴﻓ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﺴﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ
دﺮﮔﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺾﺤﻣ
ﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛدورو
لﻮﺳﻮﺘﻴﺳ )
De Knecht
et al., 1995 ،(
ﻪﮕﻧ يراد
ردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
هﺮﻔﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﻜﺑآﺪﻧوآ
تﻼﻛﻮﺘﻴﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
) ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﻟﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ نزو ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
Vogeli-Lange and Wagner, 1996
ﺎﺑ ﺲﻜﻠﭙﻤﻛ دﺎﺠﻳا ،(
) ﺎﻫﻦﻴﻧﻮﻴﺗﻮﻟﺎﺘﻣ Kägi, 1991
ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ،( ﻦﻴﺌﺗوﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ سﺮﺘﺳا
) Czarnecka et al., 1988
) ﻦﻠﻴﺗا ﺰﺘﻨﺳ ،(
Fuhrer,
1982 ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ و ( لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ
يﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﻫدراﺪﺸﻫ
ﻞﻴﺒﻗ زا ﺶﻨﺗ
ﺪﻴﺴﻛا ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ و ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻴﻧﻮﻤﺳﺎﺟ ،ﺪﻴﺳا ﻚﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟﺎﺳ
) Popova, 2012 .دﺮﻛهرﺎﺷا (
مﺪﻨﮔ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا يدﺎﻳز رد ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ،اﺬﻏ ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو رد يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﻛ
لﺎﺣرد ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ و ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟﺮﭘ ) دراد
Yanai et al., 1998 رد .(
ﻲﺿارا يزروﺎﺸﻛ رﻮﺸﻛ
ﻞﻬﭼ ﻲﻃ
لﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ
ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ
100 ﺎﺗ 300 مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ دﻮﻛ ﻪﺗﺎﻔﺴﻓ ﻪﺑ
يازا ﺮﻫ
فﺮﺼﻣرﺎﺘﻜﻫ
هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
هﺪﺷ
ﺪﻴﺳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ يازا
مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﻫ
ﺮﻔﺴﻓ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
زا ﻦﻳا ،دﻮﻛ 50 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ هدﻮﺑ ) ﺖﺳا Jalali and Khanlari,
2008 ،( ﻪﺑ ترﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﮕﻳد ، رد ﻲﻃ
ﻪﻫدرﺎﻬﭼ
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻪﺑ يازا ﺮﻫ
رﺎﺘﻜﻫ زا ﻲﺿارا ،يزروﺎﺸﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ
200 ﺎﺗ 600 مﺮﮔ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺎﻬﻨﺗ زا ﻖﻳﺮﻃ دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ يﺎﻫدﻮﻛ ﻪﺗﺎﻔﺴﻓ ﻪﺑ رﺎﭼﺎﻧ دراو كﺎﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻋارز هﺪﺷ
ءﻮﺳ تاﺮﺛا زا ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﺖﻴﻤﻫاﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .ﺖﺳا
ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗﺖﻴﻌﺿوﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
،مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗراردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘيا
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ
رديدﺮﺒﻫارﻲﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ
ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ
يرﻮﺸﻛﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺖﻴﻨﻣا
ﻲﻳاﺬﻏمﺮﻫيدوروهزاورد ﺶﻘﻧمﺪﻨﮔ نآردﻪﻛناﺮﻳا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
ﻂﻳاﺮﺷردﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳا،درادارﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ يا
ﺪﺷمﺎﺠﻧا
.
وداﻮﻣ شور ﺎﻫ
،ﻞﻳرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻚﻳ ﺐﻟﺎﻗردﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا
ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ حﺮﻃ
ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ
ﺲﻳدﺮﭘ ﻲﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ ردراﺮﻜﺗ ﻪﺳ رد و
ﻞﺒﻗ .ﺪﺷمﺎﺠﻧا ناﺮﻬﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و يزروﺎﺸﻛ
زا
،ﺖﺸﻛ كﺎﺧ ﻲﻋارز زا ﻪﻋرﺰﻣ ﺲﻳدﺮﭘ يزروﺎﺸﻛ و
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ناﺮﻬﺗ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ و تﺎﻔﺻ ﻲﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ و ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ نآ
ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا شور يﺎﻫ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ) Erwin and Victor, 2004 (
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ
ﺟ) ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ
لوﺪ 1 ( . دﻮﻛ زﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ)
100
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ
(ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺪﻳﺮﻠﻛ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ زا ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
نﻮﻣزآ كﺎﺧ ﻞﺒﻗ زا ﺖﺸﻛ ﻪﺑ ناﺪﻠﮔ ﺎﻫ هدوﺰﻓا ﺪﺷ . رﺎﻤﻴﺗ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ )
ﺮﻔﺻ
) ) (ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
Cd0)
،
40 (Cd40
( و 80 ) Cd80 ( ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﻛ رد
ﻴ مﺮﮔﻮﻠ
كﺎﺧ ( و هدرﺎﻬﭼ ﻢﻗر مﺪﻨﮔ ،رﺎﻬﺑ) ﻚﻴﻧ ،داﮋﻧ ،ﺖﺷدوﺮﻣ
،ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ ،ﺪﻧﻮﻴﺳ ،زاﺮﻴﺷ ،ﻦﺷور ،زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘ ،يدازآ ،رﺎﻳﺮﻬﺷ
،مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ و ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ،ﺪﻴﻣا دﻮﺑ (ﺪﻳﻮﻧ
. رﺎﻤﻴﺗ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ زا ﻖﻳﺮﻃ
ﻚﻤﻧندﻮﻤﻧ يﺮﭙﺳا
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ) Cd(NO3)2.2H2O (
ﻪﺑ كﺎﺧ ناﺪﻠﮔ ﺎﻫ لﺎﻤﻋا ) ﺪﺷ Motesharezadeh et al.,
2008 ( . كﺎﺧ ناﺪﻠﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻞﺒﻗ زا ﺖﺸﻛ ،رﺬﺑ ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺳ هﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ دﺎﺠﻳا لدﺎﻌﺗ رد كﺎﺧ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﺑﻮﻜﻧا ﺪﻧﺪﺷ
. رﺬﺑ مﺎﻗرا زا
ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ رﺬﺑ و لﺎﻬﻧ جﺮﻛ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺪﺷ . ﺖﻬﺟ ﺪﺿ
ﻲﻧﻮﻔﻋ ندﺮﻛ ،ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ اﺪﺘﺑا ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ 30 ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ رد ﻞﻜﻟا
ﻚﻴﻠﻴﺗا 96 ﺪﺻرد ﻪﻃﻮﻏ رو هﺪﺷ ﺲﭙﺳ ياﺮﺑ 15 ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ رد
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بآ ﻪﻧﮋﻴﺴﻛا راﺮﻗ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ و ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧرد ﺎﺑ بآ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ
ﻪﺘﺴﺷ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ .
يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ناﺪﻠﮔ يﺎﻫ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻣﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ دﻮﺑ
و داﺪﻌﺗ 10 رﺬﺑ رد نآ ﻪﺘﺷﺎﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺲﭘ زا 10 زور داﺪﻌﺗ
ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔ زا نآ ﺎﻫ ﻚﻨﺗ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻣد ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ
25 ﺎﺗ 30 ﻪﺟرد ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ داﺮﮔ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺪﺷ . رد لﻮﻃ هرود ،ﺪﺷر
يرﺎﻴﺑآ ناﺪﻠﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻲﻧزو و ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا 80 ﺪﺻرد ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
ﻪﻋرﺰﻣ ﺎﺑ بآ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا ،ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺲﭘ زا 35 زور ﺶﺨﺑ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ
ﻪﻤﻫ مﺎﻗرا ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ .
هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﺑ ماﺪﻗا ﺲﭙﺳ
ﺪﺻرد يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺪﺷﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣمﺎﻗراﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖﻈﻠﻏوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
) Erwin and Victor, 2004 هداد .(
ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا مﺮﻧ راﺰﻓا
SPSS Version 19 درﻮﻣ
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗو راﺮﻗ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ و
ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣو ﻲﻠﺻا تاﺮﺛا
رد ﺢﻄﺳ 5 ﺪﺻرد ﺎﺑ
نﻮﻣزآ ﻲﻛﻮﺗ ترﻮﺻ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
لوﺪﺟ 1 . .ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآدرﻮﻣكﺎﺧﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷوﻲﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓتﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of soils tested. ﺖﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
Properties Content راﺪﻘﻣ
كﺎﺧﺖﻓﺎﺑسﻼﻛ Soil texture class
ﻲﺳرﻲﻣﻮﻟ
Clay-loam
ﺪﺻرد) ﻦﺷ (
Sand (%)
33
ﺪﺻرد) ﺖﻠﻴﺳ (
Silt (%)
37
ﺪﺻرد) سر (
Clay (%)
30
كﺎﺧﺶﻨﻛاو Soil pH
8.1
ﺪﺻرد) ﻪﻋرﺰﻣﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇﺖﺑﻮﻃر (
Field capacity moisture (%)
20
) ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟاﺖﻳاﺪﻫﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﺳد
ﺲﻨﻤﻳز ﺮﺘﻣﺮﺑ (
Electrical conductivity (dSm-1)
1.55
مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑرﺎﺑلﻮﻣﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ) ﻲﻧﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛلدﺎﺒﺗﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ (
CEC (Cmol kg-1)
12.2
ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ بﺬﺟ ) ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑ (
Potassium (mg kg-1)
173
) مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛﺮﺑ (
Cadmium (mg kg-1)
ﺚﺤﺑوﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
تﺎﻔﺻ ﺮﺑ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣدرﻮﻣ
لوﺪﺟرد
2
وﻲﻠﺻاتاﺮﺛا .ﺖﺳاهﺪﺷهدادنﺎﺸﻧ
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ و ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺪﺻرد ﺮﺑ ﻢﻗر و مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ
ﺪﺻرد ﻚﻳ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد .ﺪﺷ
) p≤0.01 ( .
ﻫﺶﺨﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺪﺻردﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻲﮔدﻮﻟآﺮﺛا ﻲﻳاﻮ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗردﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘراﺪﻘﻣﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛو ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
Cd40
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﺑﺖﺒﺴﻧ
Cd0 ) ﺪﻧﻮﻟا مﺎﻗرارد ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ 08
/ 2
) رﺎﻬﺑو (ﺪﺻرد 81
/ 0 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد .ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (ﺪﺻرد Cd80
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ Cd0
) رﺎﻳﺮﻬﺷمﺎﻗراردﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗﻪﺑ
1 / 1
زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘو (ﺪﺻرد
) 54 / 0
ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺪﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (ﺪﺻرد
1 ( .
ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد ،هﺪﻣآ ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺮﺑ ناﺰﻴﻣ
بﺬﺟ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺮﺛا هﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﺖﺷاد
ﻪﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ رﺎﻣﻮﻳ و
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) Umar et al., 2008 (
ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﺷاد . ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺳر ﻪﻛ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ياﺮﺑ بﺬﺟ زا ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻞﻗﺎﻧ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﺸﻏ ﺖﺑﺎﻗر دراد ) Rivetta
et al., 1997 .(
و ﺖﺳا ﻲﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧا هﺎﻴﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ بﺬﺟ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ
دراد هﺎﻴﮔ ﻢﺴﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ
) Malakooti et al., 2005
ردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﻲﻓﺮﻃزا .(
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﺐﺒﺳ هﺎﻴﮔﻢﺴﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣردلﻼﺘﺧادﺎﺠﻳاو ﻪﺸﻳرﻂﻴﺤﻣ
ﺰﻧآﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﻢﻳ
ﻲﻣﻲﻳﺎﻫ
طﺎﺒﺗراردﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘﺎﺑيﻮﺤﻧﻪﺑﻪﻛدﻮﺷ
) ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
Zhang et al., 2002
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و لورﺎﻧ .(
) Narwal et al., 1993
رد ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ بﺬﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ (
هداد شراﺰﮔ ار ترذ رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رﻮﻀﺣ
ﻲﻀﻌﺑ ﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ .ﺪﻧا
هﺎﻴﮔرد ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ بﺬﺟ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ
ر مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺶﻨﺗﺖﺤﺗ ترذ
هدﺮﻛشراﺰﮔ ا
) ﺪﻧا Ciecko et
al., 2004
) نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﮓﻧاژ .(
Zhang et al., 2002 (
مﺎﻗراﺪﺷر ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
نآراﺪﻘﻣوﺶﻫﺎﻛﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘراﺪﻘﻣ،مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ار نآ ﻞﻴﻟد نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﻳا ،ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﺸﻳر رد
زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ و ﻪﺸﻳر رد ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑنآ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا
) نارﺎﻜﻤﻫو ادﺎﻧ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛنﺎﻴﺑ Nada et al., 2007
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (
ﺶﺨﺑ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ ،مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ
ﻦﻳا .داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ
رد ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ ﺎﻴﺳرﺎﮔ و
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) Garcia et al., 2006 (
ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻛ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔ يﺎﻫ
نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ ار
ﺎﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ 500 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ رد
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ياﺮﺑ 40 زور يرﺎﻴﺑآ ،ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ رد ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
نادﺮﮕﺑﺎﺘﻓآ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
) نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ازﻮﻧروز .ﺖﻓﺎﻳ Zornoza et
al., 2002
يﺎﻫﻪﭽﻫﺎﻴﮔﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑردﻪﻛﺪﻧدﺮﻛشراﺰﮔ (
ياﺮﺑﻪﻛﺪﻴﻔﺳيﺎﻴﺑﻮﻟ
35
نآ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏلﻮﻠﺤﻣﻪﺑزور
ﺎﻫ 18 و
45
ا مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رﻻﻮﻣوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ ،دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿ
.دﻮﺑﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻛ
لوﺪﺟ 2 . ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو راﺪﻘﻣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛوﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺶﺨﺑ
ردﻲﻳاﻮﻫ مﺎﻗرا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ .مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳردمﺪﻨﮔ
Table 2. Analysis of variance potassium and cadmium content in the shoot of different wheat cultivars at different levels of cadmium.
تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
Mean-squares (MS
(
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑﻚﺸﺧنزو
Shoot Dry Weight
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
Cadmium of Shoot
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
Potassium of Shoot
يدازآﻪﺟرد
Degrees of freedom
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
Sources of Variance
**10.87 **1646.95
**60.87 2
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
Cadmium
**0.33 **26.41
**2.11 13
ﻢﻗر Cultivar
** 0.06 **
21.52 **
0.81 26
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ × ﻢﻗر Cadmium* Cultivar
**
: ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد ﺪﺻردﻚﻳﺢﻄﺳرد
**
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 . ﻣدﺎﻛﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳﺮﺛا ﻴ
مﻮ ﺳﺎﺘﭘﺪﺻردﺮﺑ ﻴ
ﻢ اﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑ ﻲﻳ مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗرارد
Fig. 1. Effect of different levels of cadmium on potassium percent in shoot of different wheat cultivars.
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺑ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺮﺛا
رد
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ Cd40
ﻪﺑ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ بﺬﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺖﻔﻫ) داﮋﻧ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻢﻗرﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ و (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ
ود) ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ ﻢﻗر ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
مﺮﮔ زا .دﻮﺑﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗردﻲﻓﺮﻃ
Cd80
ﻪﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖﻈﻠﻏﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛوﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
) مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ مﺎﻗرا ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ رد ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
20 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ
ﺶﺷ) ﺪﻳﻮﻧ و (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
مﺮﮔ
ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ
ﻞﻜﺷ)
2 ( .
ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻦﻳا ﺖﺑﺎﻗر ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ،مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رﻮﻀﺣ رد
نﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ
ﺮﻇ ود يﺎﻫ
ﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑو نﺪﺷ بﺬﺟ ياﺮﺑﻲﺘﻴﻓ
ﻪﺑرﻮﻓورﺪﻴﺳﺢﺷﺮﺗﻪﺑعوﺮﺷﺶﻨﺗﺖﺤﺗنﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ،ﺖﻗر
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﺲﻣ ويور،ﻦﻫآﻞﻴﺒﻗزاﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋﺮﻳﺎﺳدﻮﺒﻤﻛناﺮﺒﺟ
ﻲﻣ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ بﺬﺟ ﺐﺟﻮﻣﺮﻣا ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﻛﺪﻨﻨﻛ
ﻲﻣ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ نآ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا و ﻪﺸﻳر
) دﻮﺷ Meharg,
1993
ﺧ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻞﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ .(
ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﻲﻜﻳ كﺎ
ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
كﺎﺧ رد هدﺮﻛ ﺪﺷر نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ رد ﺮﺛﺆﻣ
يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺰﻠﻓ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ هدﻮﻟآ
) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ Alloway, 1990
ﻞﻴﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ .(
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ردﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳتاﺰﻠﻓﺖﻴﻤﺳ
نآﺖﻈﻠﻏﻪﺑﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ،ﺖﺴﻳز
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زﺎﻓ رد تاﺰﻠﻓﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﭼ ﺮﻫ ،دراد كﺎﺧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد
نآ بﺬﺟ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺰﻴﻧ هﺎﻴﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
) Buffle, 1988
هدﺮﻛ شراﺰﮔ ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ .(
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧا
ماﺪﻧا رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،كﺎﺧ ردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ حﻮﻄﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
) ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺶﻳاﺰﻓاﻢﻠﻛوﺞﻳﻮﻫﻲﻳاﻮﻫ
Cobbett, 2000 .(
ﻲﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳازا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣتوﺎﻔﺗيارادمﺪﻨﮔهﺪﺷﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣمﺎﻗرا
ﻧزايراد
ﻊﻤﺠﺗﺮﻈ
ﻦﻴﺑ رد .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
14 ﻢﻗر
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ،هﺪﺷ
Cd40
يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ داﮋﻧ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻢﻗر
ﻲﻟﺎﺣرد،دﻮﺑهدادﻊﻤﺠﺗدﻮﺧﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑردمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ردﻪﻛ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ Cd80
ﻢﻗر ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺳر
ي
ﻪﺑطﻮﺑﺮﻣمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﻊﻤﺠﺗردمﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘوداﮋﻧﻚﻴﻧمﺎﻗرا
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﻊﻤﺠﺗﺎﺑ مﺎﻗرا ﻦﻳايرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ و ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻧژ تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ
لﻮﻠﺳ رد
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
يﺎﻫرﺎﻛوزﺎﺳ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ
زا
ﻞﻴﺒﻗ يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ زا
ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ،ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﻲﻳادز و ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ
ﻲﻤﺴﻴﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ ياﺮﺑ
ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ ﺪﻧراد
) Cobbett, 2000 ؛(
ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺳر ﻪﻛ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ
ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ مﺎﻗرا ﻚﻴﻧ داﮋﻧ و مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻴﻟد ﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﻲﻳادز
مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رد لﻮﻠﺳ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . زا فﺮﻃ ﺮﮕﻳد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ
j-m a
g-j e-h
a
d-g c-e
f-i cd
c-f e-h
jk c
h-k
q-u e-h
n-s o-t
j-n j-l
n-r p-u
i-k
p-u k-o
l-p
p-u m-q
s-u p-u
p-u
u q-u
p-u
tu s-u tu
p-u
r-u p-u p-u
p-u
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
رﺎﻬﺑ
Ba
h
a
r ﺪﻧﻮﻟا
A
lvan
d
داﮋﻧ
ﻚﻴﻧ
Nik
n
ez
h
a
d
زﺎﺘ
ﺸﻴﭘ
Pis
h
ta
z يدا
زآ
Az
a
d
i رﺎﻳﺮ
ﻬﺷ
Sh
ah
riy
ar مﺎ
ﮕﺸﻴﭘ
P
is
hga
m ﺖﺷ
دوﺮ
ﻣ
Ma
rv
d
a
s
h
t
ﻲﺳ
رﺎﭘ
Pa
rsi
ﺪﻧ
ﻮﻴﺳ
Si
v
a
n
d زاﺮ
ﻴﺷ
Sh
ira
z
ﺪﻴ
ﻣا
Omid
ﻦﺷور
R
o
sh
an
ﺪﻳ
ﻮﻧ
Na
v
id
ﺪﺻ
رد
ﻢﻴ
ﺳﺎﺘ
ﭘ
ﺶﺨﺑ
ﻲﻳ
اﻮﻫ
P
o
ta
ss
ium
pe
rc
en
tage
in sh
oo
t
مﺎﻗرا مﺪﻨﮔ
wheat varieties
Cd 0 mg/kg
Cd 40 mg/kg
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ يﺎﻫ لﺎﻌﻓ نﮋﻴﺴﻛا ﺐﺒﺳ زوﺮﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻮﻴﺗاﺪﻴﺴﻛا رد
نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) Nagajyoti et al., 2010 .(
ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻮﻴﺗاﺪﻴﺴﻛا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ
زا ﻪﻧﻮﮔ يﺎﻫ لﺎﻌﻓ ،نﮋﻴﺴﻛا نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ رد
لﻮﻃ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺗ ﺰﻬﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻳﺰﻧآ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻧآ ناﺪﻴﺴﻛا ) ﻢﻳﺰﻧآ يﺎﻫ زا
ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺪﻴﺴﻛاﺮﭘﻮﺳ ،زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴﻳد
زﻻﺎﺗﺎﻛ و زاﺪﻴﺴﻛوﺮﭘ (
هﺪﺷ ﺪﻧا ) Nagajyoti et al., 2010 .(
ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا داد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ
ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺎﺳ ﻲﺘﻧآ ناﺪﻴﺴﻛا مﺎﻗرا ﻚﻴﻧ داﮋﻧ و مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺶﻴﺑ زا ﺮﻳﺎﺳ
مﺎﻗرا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ هدﻮﺑ
ﺖﺳا . ﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ تﺎﺒﺛا ﻦﻳا عﻮﺿﻮﻣ زﺎﻴﻧ
ﻪﺑ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻳﺰﻧآ يﺎﻫ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ رد مﺎﻗرا ﻚﻴﻧ ،داﮋﻧ
مﺎﮕﺸﻴﭘ و ﺮﻳﺎﺳ مﺎﻗرا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ رد
رﻮﻀﺣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ دراد .
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 . ﻣدﺎﻛﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳﺮﺛا ﻴ
مﻮ ﻣدﺎﻛﺖﻈﻠﻏﺮﺑ ﻴ
مﻮ اﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑ ﻲﻳ مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗرارد .
Fig. 2. Effect of different levels of cadmium on cadmium concentration in shoot of different wheat cultivars.
ﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑﻚﺸﺧنزوﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻲﮔدﻮﻟآﺮﺛا
رﺎﻤﻴﺗردﻲﻳاﻮﻫماﺪﻧاﻚﺸﺧنزو ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛو ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
Cd40
) ﺪﻧﻮﻟا مﺎﻗرا رد ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
36 / 1 مﺮﮔ
) ﺪﻧﻮﻴﺳو (ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣ
54 / 0
.ﺪﺷهﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ (ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣمﺮﮔ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗرد Cd80 ) يدازآمﺎﻗرا 67
/ 0
زاﺮﻴﺷو (ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣمﺮﮔ
) 33 / 0
نزوﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛوﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ (ﻚﺸﺧهدﺎﻣمﺮﮔ
ﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ار ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا ﻚﺸﺧ
ﻴ
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤ
ﻞﻜﺷ)
3
ﻚﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ دراد دﻮﺟو لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﻦﻳا .(
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ رد يدازآ و ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ﻢﻗر ود ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺖﻴﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻗر ود ﻦﻳا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ،مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺖﺳايروﺮﺿﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﺘﻜﻧﻦﻳاﻪﺑﻪﺟﻮﺗﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ
ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻲﻳ
ﺖﺴﻳز هدﻮﺗ
رد يدازآ و ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ﻢﻗر ود رد
ﺮﻈﻧﻪﺑ .دﻮﺑمﺎﻗراﺮﻳﺎﺳ زاﺶﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺪﻫﺎﺷرﺎﻤﻴﺗ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺳر ﻪﻛ
ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ رد يدازآ و ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ﻢﻗر ود ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺖﺴﻳز هدﻮﺗ
ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ،ﺪﺷر ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رﻮﻀﺣ رد
ﻢﻳﺰﻧآﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ
ﻢﻗر ودﻦﻳاردﻦﺑﺮﻛ يﺎﻴﺣاﻪﺧﺮﭼيﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) Sheoren et al., 1990 (
.
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ نزو ﻚﺸﺧ ماﺪﻧا ﻲﻳاﻮﻫ رد رﻮﻀﺣ مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ رد
مﺎﻗرا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺞﻧﺮﺑ ) Liu et al., 2010 ،(
ﻮﺟ ) Tiryakioglu
et al., 2006 (
و ترذ ) Lagriffoul et al., 1998 (
ﺰﻴﻧ
شراﺰﮔ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . ﻒﻗﻮﺗ ﺪﺷر ﻲﺷﺎﻧ زا مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ
تاﺮﺛا ﻲﮔﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ ﻦﻳا
ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﺮﺑ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺳ و ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ عﺎﺴﺗا لﻮﻠﺳ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا ) Kabata-Pendias and
Pendias, 2001 .(
ij ij h-j ij ij ij ij ij j ij ij ij j ij
f-j g-j
e-i e-j
g-j f-j g-j f-j
h-j
f-j f-j
g-j g-j
e-j ab
a-e a-d
b-f
f-j
a-d
a
a-c
c-g a-d
ab
e-h d-g
f-g
0 5 10 15 20 25
رﺎﻬ
ﺑ
Ba
h
a
r ﺪﻧﻮ
ﻟا
Al
v
a
n
d
داﮋﻧ
ﻚﻴ
ﻧ
Nik
n
ezh
ad
زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘ
Pi
sh
ta
z يد
ازآ
Az
adi
رﺎﻳﺮ
ﻬﺷ
Shahr
iya
r مﺎ
ﮕﺸﻴﭘ
Pi
sh
g
a
m ﺖﺷد
وﺮ
ﻣ
Ma
rv
da
sh
t
ﻲﺳ
رﺎﭘ
Parsi
ﺪﻧ
ﻮﻴﺳ
Sivand
زاﺮﻴ
ﺷ
Shir
a
z
ﺪﻴﻣا
Om
id ﻦﺷ
ور
Ro
sh
a
n
ﺪﻳﻮﻧ
Nav
id
مﻮ
ﻴﻣدﺎ
ﻛ
)
ﻲﻠﻴ
ﻣ
مﺮﮔ
ﺮﺑ
مﺮﮔﻮ
ﻠﻴﻛ
هد
ﺎﻣ
ﻚﺸﺧ
(
Ca
dm
iu
m
(m
g/kg
dr
y
m
atte
r)
مﺎﻗرا مﺪﻨﮔ wheat varieties
Cd 0 mg/kg
Cd 40 mg/kg
ﻞﻜﺷ 3 . .مﺪﻨﮔﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣمﺎﻗراردﻲﻳاﻮﻫﺶﺨﺑﻚﺸﺧنزوﺮﺑمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣحﻮﻄﺳﺮﺛا
Fig. 3. Effect of different levels of cadmium on shoot dry weight of different wheat cultivars.
ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآﺎﺑ
نوﺰﻓازور
وﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳتاﺰﻠﻓﻪﺑيزروﺎﺸﻛﻲﺿارا
ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا
و ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﻲﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣﻪﺑﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳد ،مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛ
ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ
ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ
ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ و ﺖﻴﻨﻣا
ﻲﺸﻟﺎﭼ نوﺰﻓازور
مﺪﻨﮔ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا،ﺖﺳاهﺪﺷﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ
ﻪﺑ ﻋ ناﻮﻨ
زاﻲﻧاﺮﻳايﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺪﺒﺳرديدﺮﺒﻫارﻲﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ
دﻳ زﺎﺑﺮ
.ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاد ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﻲﺸﻘﻧ
ازا ﻳ ﻦ ور
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
ﺖﻴﻌﺿو
ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ يا
ﻢﻬﻣلﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻦﻳا
ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو
نآﺖﺸﻛﻪﻛﻲﻄﻳاﺮﺷرد
ﻪﻛ يزروﺎﺸﻛ ﻲﺿارا رد
ﻢﻛ ﺑو ﻴ ﺶ
ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ تاﺰﻠﻓ ﻪﺑ هدﻮﻟآ
ﻦﻴﻣزدﻮﺒﻤﻛﻞﻴﻟدﻪﺑﻲﻫﺎﮔوﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
بﺎﻨﺘﺟا ﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﻳﺮ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ،
ﻦﻴﺑزاﻪﻛدادنﺎﺸﻧﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻦﻳازاﻞﺻﺎﺣﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .درادﺖﻴﻤﻫا
14 ﻢﻗر ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
ﺪﻴﻣا ﻢﻗر ،
ﺮﻈﻧزا ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ يا
زا .ﺖﺷاد يﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ مﺎﻗرا ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ و ﻦﺷورﻢﻗر ود ﻲﻓﺮﻃ
ﻢﻛ ﺮﺗ ﻳ ﻦ
ردار ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ راﺪﻘﻣ
مﺎﻗرا ﻦﻴﺑ
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
.ﺪﻧداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ
عﻮﻤﺠﻣرد
ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ
هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ
ﮔﻴ هﺎ ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻲ
داﮋﻧ ﻚﻴﻧ ﻢﻗر ،
موﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺗ ﻳ ﻦ
ﺪﻳﻮﻧﻢﻗر ﻲﻳاﺬﻏﺖﻴﻨﻣا هﺎﮔﺪﻳدزاو
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﺗ ﻳ ﻦ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫمﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻛﻪﺑيزروﺎﺸﻛﻲﺿاراﻲﮔدﻮﻟآﻂﻳاﺮﺷردﻢﻗر
ﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ
ﻪﻨﻴﻣز ﻦﻳا ردﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ مﺎﺠﻧا
ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ
يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻧآ ﺴﻛا ﻴ ﺗاﺪ ﻴﻮ و ﻳﺰﻧآ ﻢ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﺘﻧآ ناﺪﻴﺴﻛا مﺎﻗرا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
.ﺖﺳايروﺮﺿ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
Alloway B.J., 1990. Soil processes and the behavior of metals. In: Alloway, B.J. (eds.), Heavy Metals in Soils. Blackie Academic and Professional. Glasgow. pp. 7-28.
Baker, A.J.M., Ewart, K., Hendry, G.A.F., Thorpe, P.C., Walker, P.L., 1990. The evolutionary basis of cadmium tolerance in higher plants. In: 4th International Conference on Environmental Contamination, Barcelona, pp. 23–29.
Barcelo, J., Poschenrieder, C., 1990. Plant water relations as affected by heavy metal stress: a
review. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 13, pp. 1– 37.
Bertin, G., Averbeck, D., 2006. Cadmium: cellular effects, modifications of biomolecules, modulation of DNA repair and genotoxic consequences (a review). Biochimie 88, pp. 1549–1559.
Buffle, J. 1988. Complexation Reactions in Aquatic Systems, an Analytical Approach, John Wiley and Sons, Chi Chester.
Cataldo, D.A., McFadden, K.M., Garland, T.R., Wildung, R.E., 1988. Organic constituents j-g
ab
h-j f-h
a
e-h
e-h e-h
bc
h-j b-d
e-g d-f c-f
l-q e-h
k-p k-m
g-i
i-k j-l
k-o i-l
m-q k-m
k-o j-l
k-m
p-q m-q
n-q n-q
k-n m-q
pq o-q m-q p-q q
m-q m-q m-q
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
رﺎﻬﺑ
Ba
h
a
r ﺪﻧﻮﻟ
ا
Alvand
داﮋ
ﻧ
ﻚﻴ
ﻧ
Ni
k
n
ez
had
زﺎﺘﺸﻴﭘ
Pishta
z يد
ازآ
Az
a
d
i رﺎﻳﺮ
ﻬﺷ
Shahr
iy
ar مﺎﮕ
ﺸﻴﭘ
Pishgam
ﺖﺷد
وﺮ
ﻣ
Marvd
a
sh
t
ﻲﺳرﺎﭘ
Pa
r
si ﺪﻧﻮ
ﻴﺳ
Siv
a
nd
زاﺮ
ﻴﺷ
Sh
ir
az
ﺪﻴﻣ
ا
Om
id ﻦﺷور
Roshan
ﺪﻳﻮﻧ
Na
v
id
نزو
ﻚﺸﺧ
ماﺪﻧا
ﻲﻳ
اﻮﻫ
)
مﺮﮔ
( shoot
dry
m
a
tt
er
(
g
r
)
مﺎﻗرا مﺪﻨﮔ wheat varieties
Cd 0 mg/kg
Cd 40 mg/kg
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